Science China Materials最新文献

{"title":"Tailoring alloy-reaction-induced semi-coherent interface to guide sodium nucleation and growth for long-term anode-less sodium-metal batteries","authors":"Pei Ma \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yaoyang Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenbin Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jun Luo \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Longfei Wen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Guochuan Tang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jingjing Gai \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qingbao Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Lingfei Zhao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Junmin Ge \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Weihua Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3084-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-024-3084-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sodium metal batteries are emerging as promising energy storage technologies owing to their high-energy density and rich resources. However, the challenge of achieving continuous operation at high areal capacity hinders the application of this system. Here, a robust two-dimensional tin/sodium–tin alloy interface was introduced onto an Al substrate as an anode via an industrial electroplating strategy. Unlike the widely accepted <i>in situ</i> formation of Na₁₅Sn₄ alloys, the formation of Na₉Sn₄ alloys results in a semi-coherent interface with sodium due to low lattice mismatch (20.84%), which alleviates the lattice stress of sodium deposition and induces subsequent dense sodium deposition under high areal capacity. In addition, the strong interaction of Sn with anions allows more PF₆⁻ to preferentially participate in the interfacial solvation structure, thereby facilitating the formation of a thin (10 nm) NaF-rich solid electrolyte interface. Therefore, the substrate can withstand a high areal capacity of 5 mA h cm⁻², exhibiting a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.7%. The full battery exhibits long-term cycling performance (600 cycles) with a low decay rate of 0.0018% per cycle at 60 mA g⁻¹.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"67 11","pages":"3648 - 3657"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous carbon microspheres assembled by defective nitrogen and sulfur co-doped nanosheets as anode materials for lithium-/sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Yutian Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jie You \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaoran Zhao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Mai Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaolei Han \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Hui Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Hongran Sun \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaojun Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Huifang Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Peng Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhiming Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3041-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-024-3041-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon-based anode materials are widely used in various battery energy storage systems due to their low cost, wide source, high conductivity and easy morphology control. However, current commercially available anode materials as active materials for lithium-/sodium-ion batteries generally suffer from large volume changes and poor rate performance. In response, we synthesized defect-rich N, S co-doped two dimensional (2D) nanosheet-assembled porous carbon microspheres (N, S-PCS) via simple hydrothermal, carbonization and etching process based on the principle of Schiff base reaction. The N, S-PCS structure is thus constructed by removing Fe₇S₈ nanoparticles from the carbon skeleton to form porous microspheres with N, S doping. Therefore, the micromorphology characteristic, pore structure and electro-conductivity of carbon materials are effectively optimized via heteroatom doping and surface engineering. As expected, the prepared N, S-PCS electrodes exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. For lithium-ion batteries, it achieves reversible capacities of 1045 and 237 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 and 20 A g⁻¹, respectively. For sodium-ion batteries, it shows good cycling stability with a capacity of 157 mAh g⁻¹ after 500 cycles at 1 A g⁻¹. Experimental and theoretical calculation results confirm that the N, S co-doping strategies help to improve the structural stability, shorten the ion diffusion paths, and promote the reaction kinetics, thus achieving excellent electrochemical performance. This work is instructive for the practical application of nonmetal doping functionalized porous carbon structures for metal-ion batteries.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"67 11","pages":"3637 - 3647"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special kinetics features of scandium antimonide thin films conducive to swiftly embedded phase-change memory applications","authors":"Xue-Peng Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Bin Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Huang Gong \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xinxin Duan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yimin Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Feng Rao \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3086-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-024-3086-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Embedded phase-change random-access memory (ePCRAM) applications demand superior data retention in amorphous phase-change materials (PCMs). Traditional PCM design strategies have focused on enhancing the thermal stability of the amorphous phase, often at the expense of the crystallization speed. While this approach supports reliable microchip operations, it compromises the ability to achieve rapid responses. To address this limitation, we modified ultrafast-crystallizing Sb thin films by incorporating Sc dopants, achieving the highest 10-year retention temperature (∼175°C) among binary antimonide PCMs while maintaining a sub-10-ns SET operation speed. This reconciliation of two seemingly contradictory properties arises from the unique kinetic features of the 5-nm-thick Sc₁₂Sb₈₈ films, which exhibit an enlarged fragile-to-strong crossover in viscosity at medium supercooled temperature zones and an incompatible sublattice ordering behavior between the Sc and Sb atoms. By tailoring the crystallization kinetics of PCMs through strategic doping and nanoscale confinement, we provide new opportunities for developing robust yet swift ePCRAMs.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"67 11","pages":"3684 - 3691"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in drugs restructured with nanomedicines for multiple myeloma treatment","authors":"Zhaoyun Liu, Hongli Shen, Hui Liu, Kai Ding, Jia Song, Jingtian Zhang, Dan Ding, Rong Fu","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3077-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-024-3077-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of clonal plasma cells, characterized by high relapse rates and rapid development of drug resistance. The emergence of proteasome inhibitors has dramatically improved the therapeutic effect of MM; however, side effects and drug resistance still negatively affect the survival rate of MM. Nano-medicine has become a promising field for therapeutic innovation owing to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. Nanoparticles (NPs), when combined with MM therapeutic drugs, can reduce side effects, increase treatment efficacy, and alleviate drug resistance, providing a new direction for the treatment of MM. Restructuring drugs with NPs presents an ideal strategy for ongoing studies aimed at more effective therapies. Additionally, clinical nanomedicine research has yielded new opportunities for MM treatment. This review, guided by the development of MM therapeutic drugs, summarizes the past 20 years of research progress and breakthroughs in NP-based systems for treating MM and improving drug targeting ability.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"408 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of boron-containing acceptors towards high-efficiency TADF emitters: sky-blue OLEDs with external quantum efficiency of 32.6%","authors":"Xu Gong \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wei Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;He Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Weimin Ning \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shaolong Gong \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiang Gao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chuluo Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3047-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-024-3047-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two new thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules, 13-(2,12-di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-5,9-dioxa-13b-boranaphtho[3,2,1-<i>de</i>]anthracen-7-yl)-5,5-dimethyl-5,13-dihydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-<i>c</i>]acridine (BOBT) and 13-(4-(dimesitylboranyl)-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-5,13-dihydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-<i>c</i>]acridine (BPBT), are constructed <i>via</i> connecting the 5,5-dimethyl-5,13-dihydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-<i>c</i>]acridine (BTDMAC) donor (D) with triarylboron or oxygen-bridged cyclized boron acceptors (A), respectively. In comparison with the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 84% for BPBT, BOBT shows a higher PLQY of 100%, due to the multi-resonance effect of the boron-oxygen skeleton. In addition, the D-A-type molecular structural characteristic endows the boron-containing BOBT emitter with a fast reverse intersystem crossing rate on the order of 10⁶ s⁻¹. The sky-blue organic light-emitting diode (OLED) employing the BOBT emitter achieves state-of-the-art device performances with a high external quantum efficiency of 32.6%.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"67 11","pages":"3537 - 3542"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating CsPbI3 crystal growth for efficient printable perovskite solar cells and minimodules","authors":"Yuqi Cui, Chengyu Tan, Rui Zhang, Shan Tan, Yiming Li, Huijue Wu, Jiangjian Shi, Yanhong Luo, Dongmei Li, Qingbo Meng","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3046-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-024-3046-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Large pinhole-free, high-crystal-quality perovskite films are the key to realizing efficient, stable CsPbI₃ perovskite modules. In this work, we use the crystal growth modulation strategy to prepare high-quality CsPbI₃ films from small to large sizes using a new precursor solution with CsI/DMAPbI₃/PbI₂ in a DMAAc/DMF mixed solvent (DMAAc: dimethylamine acetate). The champion small-size CsPbI₃ device presents a photoelectric conversion efficiency (<i>PCE</i>) above 21% and a certified <i>PCE</i> of 20.05%, and the best blade-coated CsPbI₃ minimodule exhibits a <i>PCE</i> of 18.3% for an aperture area of 12.39 cm² and a <i>PCE</i> of 19.9% for an active area of 11.40 cm². In addition, the composition engineering of the precursor solution toward CsPbI₃ crystallization is explored: the DMAAc/DMF mixed solvent can facilitate phase transformation and reduce the nucleation rate, and the mixture of PbI₂ and DMAPbI₃ will further improve the film microstructure and uniformity. Consequently, the anti-humidity stability and phase stability of the CsPbI₃ films are greatly improved, and the corresponding devices exhibit good operational stability. CsPbI₃ modules with simple encapsulation also present excellent long-term storage stability over 150 days. This crystal growth regulation strategy provides a new method to produce large-scale CsPbI₃ and even hybrid perovskite solar cells for future commercialization.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjustable ion energy barrier for reliable memristive neuromorphic systems","authors":"Tianci Huang,&nbsp;Zuqing Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3098-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-024-3098-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"67 11","pages":"3759 - 3760"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"8.2%-Efficiency hydrothermal Sb2S3 thin film solar cells by two-step RTP annealing strategy","authors":"Hui Deng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xinxin Feng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qiqiang Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yonghao Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Guidong Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Caixia Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qiao Zheng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jionghua Wu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Weihuang Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shuying Cheng \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3055-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-024-3055-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimony sulfide (Sb₂S₃) solar cells fabricated via hydrothermal deposition have attracted widespread attention. The annealing crystallization process plays a crucial role in achieving optimal crystallinity in hydrothermal Sb₂S₃ thin films. Nevertheless, incomplete crystallization and the loss of sulfur at high-temperature contribute to defect recombination, constraining device performance. Herein, a two-step rapid thermal processing (RTP) annealing strategy is proposed to improve the crystal quality and efficiency of Sb₂S₃ solar cells. The annealing process in Ar protection with atmospheric pressure can suppress S loss caused by saturated vapor pressure. The two-step RTP annealing with the 330°C low-temperature and 370°C high-temperature process ensures high crystallinity and vertical orientations of Sb₂S₃ thin films, accompanied by a reduction in defect concentration from 1.01 × 10¹² to 5.97 × 10¹¹ cm⁻³. The Sb₂S₃ solar cell achieves an efficiency of 8.20% with an enhanced open circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_OC) of 784 mV. The build-in voltage (<i>V</i>_bi) of 1.17 V and irradiation-dependent ideal factor (<i>n</i>) of 1.48 demonstrate enhanced heterojunction quality and suppressed defect recombination in the devices. The presented two-step annealing strategy and physical mechanism study will open new prospects for high-performance Sb₂S₃ solar cells.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"67 11","pages":"3666 - 3674"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of semi-perfluoroalkyl chains on A-DA′D-A type small molecule acceptor in organic solar cells","authors":"Wei Liu, Yijie Nai, Weikun Chen, Guanhaojie Zhen, Songting Liang, Xueyi Guo, Jun Yuan, Yingping Zou","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3075-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-024-3075-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, a new A-DA′D-A structured small molecule acceptor named <i>m</i>-TF₉, containing semi-perfluoroalkyl chains, was designed and synthesized for highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared with its alkylsubstituted analogous <i>m</i>-TH, <i>m</i>-TF₉ exhibits tighter molecular packing and lower surface free energy. When blended with PTQ10, <i>m</i>-TF₉ can achieve a high fill factor of 77.3%. By using 1,4-difluorobenzene as an additive, the PTQ10:<i>m</i>-TF₉-based OSC delivers a high efficiency of 16.3% with an improved short circuit current (<i>J</i>_SC) of 27.0 mA cm⁻². In addition, the <i>m</i>-TF₉-based OSC demonstrates good storage stability in both air and nitrogen environments. This work highlights the great potential of semi-perfluoroalkyl chains as the modification blocks for A-DA′D-A type acceptors to achieve good charge transport properties and high efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue-resistant sliding ferroelectricity","authors":"Zheng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-3023-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-024-3023-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"67 10","pages":"3417 - 3418"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}