Yue Ren (, ), Longhui Zhu (, ), Yusen Li (, ), Qing Zhou (, ), Stefan J. Eder, Xudong Sui (, ), Qingfeng Wu (, ), Haifeng Wang (, ), Zhijun Wang (, ), Carsten Gachot, Jian Wang (, ), Weimin Liu (, )
{"title":"Cryogenic tribological breakthroughs in medium-entropy alloy composites via regulated partial recrystallization","authors":"Yue Ren \u0000 (, ), Longhui Zhu \u0000 (, ), Yusen Li \u0000 (, ), Qing Zhou \u0000 (, ), Stefan J. Eder, Xudong Sui \u0000 (, ), Qingfeng Wu \u0000 (, ), Haifeng Wang \u0000 (, ), Zhijun Wang \u0000 (, ), Carsten Gachot, Jian Wang \u0000 (, ), Weimin Liu \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4018-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4018-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pursuit of advanced wear-resistant materials for cryogenic applications is often hindered by a fundamental trade-off of enhancing strength and damage tolerance. CoCrNi-based medium-entropy alloys (MEAs), while excellent in cryogenic toughness, suffer from this very limitation. Although second-phase reinforcement boosts strength, the strain incompatibility between phases inevitably triggers cracking, which is severely exacerbated at low temperatures. This work introduces a novel microstructural design strategy based on regulated partial recrystallization to overcome this longstanding challenge. By tailoring the thermomechanical processing of a (CoCrNi)<sub>90</sub>Mo<sub>10</sub> MEA, we engineered a unique architecture where a fully recrystallized FCC phase is homogeneously embedded within a continuous skeleton of a hard, non-recrystallized σ phase. The alloy with this optimized microstructure achieved a remarkably low wear rate at 113 K that is less than half of its as-cast and fully recrystallized counterparts. The experimental and modeling results indicate the underlying synergy: the σ skeleton provides robust structural support and distributes stress deeply, while the recrystallized FCC phase, with its high density of grain boundaries and annealing twins, acts as a compliant strain-accommodating medium, effectively suppressing interfacial cracking. This combined “skeleton effect” and “recrystallization effect” not only delivers exceptional cryogenic wear resistance but also offers a practical strategy for designing high-performance, crack-resistant dual-phase composites for extreme environments.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 8","pages":"4896 - 4911"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40843-025-4018-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Wang (, ), Xiaoyong Hu (, ), Lihua Cao (, ), Yude Liu (, ), Lijun Wei (, ), Zhao Qin (, ), Bending Zhang (, ), Lifu Zhang (, ), Zhongyi Yuan (, )
{"title":"Achieving 19.41% efficiency in thickness-insensitive all-polymer solar cells via interface modifier-mediated morphological modulation","authors":"Lei Wang \u0000 (, ), Xiaoyong Hu \u0000 (, ), Lihua Cao \u0000 (, ), Yude Liu \u0000 (, ), Lijun Wei \u0000 (, ), Zhao Qin \u0000 (, ), Bending Zhang \u0000 (, ), Lifu Zhang \u0000 (, ), Zhongyi Yuan \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4032-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4032-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces a dual-compatibility third component as an interfacial modifier to precisely regulate the active layer morphology of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ-OSCs). This approach successfully suppresses excessive phase separation, thus significantly enhancing the performance of thick-film devices. This interface-styling strategy enhances donor–acceptor interactions, optimizes the vertical phase separation morphology, extends the exciton diffusion length, improves the exciton dissociation efficiency, facilitates efficient charge transport, and effectively suppresses trap-assisted recombination. The ternary device based on PM6:PCN3:PY-IT achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.41%, which was much higher than that of the PM6:PY-IT binary system (18.67%). The device maintains excellent performance at an active layer thickness of 200 nm, achieving a high PCE of 18.25%. This study demonstrates the significance of using dually compatible molecules for interface modification in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), providing theoretical guidance for the fabrication of high-performance thick-film devices.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 8","pages":"4865 - 4871"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoyue Zhu (, ), Zijian Li (, ), Yuhang Zhang (, ), Yanru Geng (, ), Min Gyu Kim, Haeseong Jang, Shangguo Liu (, ), Xien Liu (, ), Qing Qin (, )
{"title":"Active site concentration steers the reaction pathway of CO2 electroreduction","authors":"Xiaoyue Zhu \u0000 (, ), Zijian Li \u0000 (, ), Yuhang Zhang \u0000 (, ), Yanru Geng \u0000 (, ), Min Gyu Kim, Haeseong Jang, Shangguo Liu \u0000 (, ), Xien Liu \u0000 (, ), Qing Qin \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4034-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4034-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Critical influence of local active-site concentration and configuration on CO<sub>2</sub> reduction selectivity remains rarely explored, due to the challenge in constructing well-defined structures. In this study, we employ a molten salt-assisted strategy to synthesize Ce-O<sub>V</sub>-Cu cascade catalyst with tunable configurations and relative concentrations of Cu and Ce-O<sub>V</sub> sites. Two distinct geometries were constructed: one featuring dense Cu sites surrounding Ce-O<sub>V</sub>, and another with isolated Cu centers encapsulated by Ce-O<sub>V</sub>. These configurations effectively direct the key *CHO or *COH intermediates toward either coupling with *CO or hydrogenation with *H, thereby switching product selectivity. The CuCe<sub>10</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub> catalyst with isolated copper centers achieves a high CH<sub>4</sub> Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 61.7% at −1.6 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), whereas the local Cu-rich Cu<sub>10</sub>CeO<sub><i>x</i></sub> variant favors C<sub>2</sub> production with a maximum FE of 61.5% at −1.4 V vs. RHE. Mechanistic studies reveal that locally concentrated Cu sites exhibit strong *CO<sub>2</sub> binding affinity, enhancing *CO surface coverage and facilitating *CO–*COH coupling; while Ce-O<sub>V</sub>-rich regions with isolated copper center supply abundant availability *H, promoting deep protonation of *CHO intermediate toward CH<sub>4</sub>. This work offers valuable insights into catalyst design, where manipulating structural chemistry guides catalytic processes toward targeted CO<sub>2</sub>RR products.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 8","pages":"4656 - 4668"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40843-025-4034-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan Yang (, ), Tao Guo (, ), Ya-Qi Zhu (, ), Hao Sun (, ), Bin Zeng (, ), Xuan Yi (, ), Ming-Xuan Liu (, )
{"title":"Recent advances in two-dimensional nanomaterials for the treatment of liver fibrosis","authors":"Yuan Yang \u0000 (, ), Tao Guo \u0000 (, ), Ya-Qi Zhu \u0000 (, ), Hao Sun \u0000 (, ), Bin Zeng \u0000 (, ), Xuan Yi \u0000 (, ), Ming-Xuan Liu \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4010-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4010-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liver fibrosis, a critical pathological consequence of chronic liver injury, remains a therapeutic challenge due to its complex mechanisms and limited effectiveness of conventional treatments. Recent advancements in two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene derivatives, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs), MXenes, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs), have created novel opportunities for antifibrotic therapy. These materials exhibit exceptional physicochemical properties, including ultrahigh surface area, tunable surface chemistry, biocompatibility, and photothermal/electrochemical functionalities, enabling multifaceted interventions in fibrosis progression. The core therapeutic strategies mainly involve modulating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, inhibiting excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. However, 2D nanomaterials still face great challenges, such as long-term biosafety, precise functionalization for tissue-specific targeting, and scalable synthetic methods. This review systematically summarizes the recent breakthroughs in antifibrosis strategies based on 2D nanomaterials, elucidates their potential mechanisms of action, and explores the prospects for clinical translation of these nanoplatforms. Serving as a nexus between materials science and hepatology, 2D nanomaterials offer revolutionary prospects for precision medicine applications in hepatic fibrosis management.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 7","pages":"3766 - 3786"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Senlin Miao (, ), Zhipeng Meng (, ), Chenchen Liu (, ), Yujie Ma (, ), Yalin Li (, ), Haofei Huang (, )
{"title":"Interface-engineered transparent and mechanochromic non-close-packed photonic crystals","authors":"Senlin Miao \u0000 (, ), Zhipeng Meng \u0000 (, ), Chenchen Liu \u0000 (, ), Yujie Ma \u0000 (, ), Yalin Li \u0000 (, ), Haofei Huang \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4015-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4015-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mechanochromic photonic crystals are promising for smart optical materials due to their tunable photonic stop band. Here, we report interface-engineered transparent and mechanochromic non-close-packed photonic crystals (NPCs) by incorporating polystyrene@vinyl-modified SiO<sub>2</sub> (PS@V-SiO<sub>2</sub>) nanospheres (<i>n</i><sub>PS</sub> = 1.59, <span>(n_{mathrm{V}-text{SiO}_{2}}=1.46)</span>) into a photocurable phenoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate (PEGPEA) matrix (<i>n</i><sub>PEGPEA</sub> = 1.52). The nanospheres formed solvation-mediated liquid NPCs in the precursor. Ultraviolet (UV) curing promoted copolymerization between surface C=C bonds of nanospheres and the matrix, which reduced interfacial scattering and enabled highly transparent NPC films. Meanwhile, non-uniform polymer shrinkage led to variations in the ordering of nanospheres, especially in structures with a low volume fraction (<i>φ</i> ⩽ 0.23). Under external strain (<i>ε</i>: 0–64%), the film exhibited a dynamic color response. Initially, stretching enhanced the ordering of the nanospheres and the reflection intensity of NPCs, thereby activating the structural color. Further deformation, however, introduced defects and reduced the reflectivity. A blue shift of ∼213 nm was achieved in an NPC (<i>φ</i> = 0.23) fabricated by 170 nm of PS@V-SiO<sub>2</sub> nanospheres, accompanied by a color gradient from red to blue. Comparisons across SiO<sub>2</sub>-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, <i>n</i><sub>PEGDA</sub> = 1.45), SiO<sub>2</sub>-PEGPEA, and PS@V-SiO<sub>2</sub>-PEGDA NPC systems highlighted the key role of interfacial scattering, which is affected by the synergistic effects of interfacial covalent polymerization, refractive index matching between the elastomer matrix and nanospheres, and the crosslinking density. This work demonstrates spectrally tunable mechanochromism via size control and patterned anti-counterfeiting labels, thereby providing insights for designing advanced anti-counterfeiting materials applicable in flexible electronics and displays.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 8","pages":"4785 - 4795"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chunqing Lv (, ), Ergui Luo (, ), Wenjuan Wang (, ), Zhi Du (, ), Di Huang (, )
{"title":"Microneedles with therapeutic gas: integrating drug propulsion and intrinsic bioactivity","authors":"Chunqing Lv \u0000 (, ), Ergui Luo \u0000 (, ), Wenjuan Wang \u0000 (, ), Zhi Du \u0000 (, ), Di Huang \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4027-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4027-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microneedle (MN)-based transdermal delivery systems enhance skin permeability by creating microscale conduits through the stratum corneum, enabling controlled and sustained release of therapeutics. Nevertheless, conventional MN designs predominantly rely on passive diffusion, resulting in shallow drug penetration depth and limited spatial distribution range, which significantly restricts their therapeutic efficacy in complex biological environments. Emerging advancements have integrated gas therapy into MN platforms to overcome these limitations. The released therapeutic gases facilitate deeper drug penetration via propulsion and also exhibit inherent bioactivity, contributing to synergistic treatment outcomes. This review summarizes the mechanisms, design strategies, and applications of gas-releasing MN systems, while highlighting key scientific and translational challenges, including the precise regulation of gas release, the development of multi-gas synergistic systems, the extension to deep-tissue therapy, and the assurance of biosafety. Future directions emphasize the construction of intelligent, stimuli-responsive MNs, the integration of interdisciplinary technologies to enhance delivery depth, and the establishment of standardized, scalable manufacturing frameworks. Collectively, this work aims to advance gas-releasing MN technology toward precise, efficient, and controllable therapeutic applications, bridging the gap between laboratory research and clinical translation.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 8","pages":"4476 - 4499"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuxuan Liu (, ), Yuanzhe Jia (, ), Lele Gong (, ), Feng Luo (, )
{"title":"Nitrogen-substitution engineering enabling efficient H2O2 photosynthesis","authors":"Yuxuan Liu \u0000 (, ), Yuanzhe Jia \u0000 (, ), Lele Gong \u0000 (, ), Feng Luo \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-026-4076-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-026-4076-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The transition from laboratory-scale to industrial hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production hinges on achieving ultra-high photocatalytic efficiency. Herein, we demonstrate a nitrogen-substitution engineering strategy for photocatalysts by repacing partial carbon atoms in benzene-1,3,5-triamine by nitrogen atoms, showing dual synergistic effects: (1) electronic structure modification upon electronegativity and dipole moment of the building blocks, creating built-in electric fields that promote charge separation and interfacial electron transfer; (2) enhancement in adsorption of reaction intermediate significantly boosting oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and water oxidation reaction (WOR) kinetics. This dual-modification system exhibits broadband light absorption extending to 700 nm (near-infrared), enabling outstanding performance under ambient conditions with a H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production rate of 12099 µmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> from water and O<sub>2</sub> without any Sacrificial agent, an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 19% at 500 nm, and a solar-to-chemical energy (SCC) efficiency of 1.38%. This work establishes atom-engineered nitrogen substitution as a general approach for designing high-performance photocatalysts, offering a viable pathway for large-scale H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production with solar-driven chemical synthesis paradigm.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 7","pages":"4042 - 4051"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siliang Hu (, ), Weijun Wang (, ), Dongchang He (, ), Yi Shen (, ), Da Xiong (, ), Yunfan Wang (, ), Haifan Li (, ), Boxiang Gao (, ), Mengxue Chen (, ), Shuai Zhang (, ), Dylan Xiangyu Fan (, ), Zhengxun Lai (, ), Sai-Wing Tsang (, ), Chun-Yuen Wong (, ), Johnny C. Ho (, )
{"title":"Solvent-hydrolysis-driven engineering of ordered single quantum well 2D perovskites","authors":"Siliang Hu \u0000 (, ), Weijun Wang \u0000 (, ), Dongchang He \u0000 (, ), Yi Shen \u0000 (, ), Da Xiong \u0000 (, ), Yunfan Wang \u0000 (, ), Haifan Li \u0000 (, ), Boxiang Gao \u0000 (, ), Mengxue Chen \u0000 (, ), Shuai Zhang \u0000 (, ), Dylan Xiangyu Fan \u0000 (, ), Zhengxun Lai \u0000 (, ), Sai-Wing Tsang \u0000 (, ), Chun-Yuen Wong \u0000 (, ), Johnny C. Ho \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3977-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3977-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Single quantum well (single-QW) two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are set to transform optoelectronic devices due to their stability and superior properties. However, solution-processed 2D perovskites often form disordered multiple-QW structures, leading to inconsistent performance. Here, we present a solvent-hydrolysis-driven method for controlling crystallization kinetics, resulting in highly ordered single-QW 2D perovskite films. Dimethylamine (DMA), formed from the hydrolysis of <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide (DMF), acts as a key mediator, preventing cluster aggregation and ensuring uniform colloidal distribution. This process avoids a heterogeneous intermediate phase, thereby fostering the formation of a homogeneous (DMA,MA)PbI<sub>3</sub> phase, which is crucial for the development of single-QW films. The resulting photodetector demonstrates outstanding performance, with a responsivity of 1153 mA/W and a detectivity of 6.98 × 10<sup>12</sup> Jones, along with excellent photostability under ambient conditions. These attributes make it ideal for photoelectric imaging sensors and large-scale integration. Our findings provide a scalable, solution-processed strategy for high-performance 2D perovskite materials, opening up new possibilities for advanced optoelectronic applications.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 8","pages":"4594 - 4603"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40843-025-3977-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinliang Zhu (, ), Xiaohan Sun (, ), Jiazuo Zhou (, ), Yifan Liu (, ), Xinyao Ji (, ), Fangmiao Wang (, ), Congteng Li (, ), Xue Tian (, ), Xin Dong (, ), Shuaijie Ba (, ), Haiyue Yang (, ), Chengyu Wang (, )
{"title":"Multi-stimuli-responsive phase change hydrogels with dynamic fluorescence chromism based on AIE hydrophobic carbon dots for advanced encryption","authors":"Jinliang Zhu \u0000 (, ), Xiaohan Sun \u0000 (, ), Jiazuo Zhou \u0000 (, ), Yifan Liu \u0000 (, ), Xinyao Ji \u0000 (, ), Fangmiao Wang \u0000 (, ), Congteng Li \u0000 (, ), Xue Tian \u0000 (, ), Xin Dong \u0000 (, ), Shuaijie Ba \u0000 (, ), Haiyue Yang \u0000 (, ), Chengyu Wang \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4012-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4012-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stimuli-responsive fluorescent hydrogels, owing to their tunable optical property and unique smart response characteristics, have significant potential in encryption applications and information security. However, most current systems are limited to single-stimulus responsiveness and lack the capability for programmable information erasure or multi-modal dynamic synergy. Hence, we propose a multi-stimuli-responsive phase-change hydrogel incorporating aggregation-induced emission hydrophobic carbon dots (AIE-HCDs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-cellulose network, demonstrating dynamic fluorescence chromism under various external triggers. The hydrogel exhibits solvent-exchange-triggered fluorescence color changes from blue to red, enabled by the concentration modulation of AIE-HCDs through the exchange between PEG and water. Additionally, the temperature-induced phase transition of PEG from crystalline to molten state modulates the aggregation and dispersion of AIE-HCDs, thereby enabling dynamic fluorescence color changes. The phase transition further confers excellent shape-memory behavior and adjustable mechanical properties, with the tensile modulus varying from 6.28 MPa in the molten state to 36.23 MPa in the crystalline state, while maintaining high transparency (∼8% in the molten state). By utilizing microcontact printing and the multi-stimulus response, an encryption platform enables information to be hidden, selectively read under sequential stimuli (thermal, UV, and solvent), and completely erased upon demand. This strategy demonstrates significant potential for advancing high-level information encryption and anti-counterfeiting technologies.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 7","pages":"4174 - 4185"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaozhen Zhang (, ), Shanshan Bi (, ), Jiande Lin (, ), Yang Ding (, ), Lufeng Yang (, ), Junye Yang (, ), Jianming Zheng (, ), Ying Lin (, ), Xunxin Chen (, ), Zhifeng He (, ), Haitang Zhang (, ), Ang Fu (, ), Yixiao Li (, ), Yong Cheng (, ), Mingzeng Luo (, ), Chuanjing Xu (, ), Yaxin Huang (, ), Deyin Wu (, ), Pengfei Yan (, ), Yu Qiao (, ), Ming-Sheng Wang (, ), Kazumasa Takeshi, Yuli Li (, ), Haipeng Guo (, ), Yan Zhou (, ), Li Wang (, ), Jie Chen (, ), Yong Yang (, )
{"title":"Promoting cycling and thermal stability of ultrahigh-nickel oxide cathodes with well-controlled microstructure and stiffness","authors":"Xiaozhen Zhang \u0000 (, ), Shanshan Bi \u0000 (, ), Jiande Lin \u0000 (, ), Yang Ding \u0000 (, ), Lufeng Yang \u0000 (, ), Junye Yang \u0000 (, ), Jianming Zheng \u0000 (, ), Ying Lin \u0000 (, ), Xunxin Chen \u0000 (, ), Zhifeng He \u0000 (, ), Haitang Zhang \u0000 (, ), Ang Fu \u0000 (, ), Yixiao Li \u0000 (, ), Yong Cheng \u0000 (, ), Mingzeng Luo \u0000 (, ), Chuanjing Xu \u0000 (, ), Yaxin Huang \u0000 (, ), Deyin Wu \u0000 (, ), Pengfei Yan \u0000 (, ), Yu Qiao \u0000 (, ), Ming-Sheng Wang \u0000 (, ), Kazumasa Takeshi, Yuli Li \u0000 (, ), Haipeng Guo \u0000 (, ), Yan Zhou \u0000 (, ), Li Wang \u0000 (, ), Jie Chen \u0000 (, ), Yong Yang \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4079-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4079-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Utilization of ultrahigh-nickel LiNi<sub><i>x</i></sub>Co<sub><i>y</i></sub>Mn<sub>1−<i>x</i>−<i>y</i></sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM) (<i>x</i> > 0.97) in Li-ion battery can distinctively boost its energy density through enhancing the discharge capacity of the cathode. However, the deterioration of capacity and thermal stability of the ultrahigh-nickel NCM becomes more serious with approaching Ni content to limit. Here, we proposed a facile and effective strategy by introducing high-valence tungsten (W) into ultrahigh-nickel polycrystalline LiNi<sub>0.98</sub>-Co<sub>0.01</sub>Mn<sub>0.01</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (PCNCM98). The microstructure of W-doped PCNCM98 (W-PCNCM98) primary particle is well-refined and compactly stacked; however, the PCNCM98 is equiaxial and non-uniform with much larger primary particle size. The refined W-PCNCM98 shows enhanced mechanical strength compared with PCNCM98. The average particle hardness of W-PCNCM98 is 104 MPa, which is 1.5 times higher than that of the PCNCM98 (68 MPa). The enhanced mechanical property of W-PCNCM98 effectively suppresses the lattice volume changes and relieves the formation of microcracks resulting from the drastic lattice volume expansion/contraction, which corresponds to the H2–H3 phase transition. Thereafter, the cycling performance of W-PCNCM98 in a pouch-type full cell is significantly enhanced with capacity retention of 73% after 2000 cycles at 1 C at 25 °C, which is 54% higher than that of the PCNCM98. In addition, the enhanced structural stability and strong electron affinity of W<sup>6+</sup> also lead to the enhancement of the thermal stability of W-PCNCM98. The exothermic peak for the W-PCNCM98 cathode was postponed to 203 °C accompanied by a heat generation of 1287 J g<sup>−1</sup>, while for the PCNCM98 it is 190 °C (1528 J g<sup>−1</sup>). This high-valent element, such as tungsten, doping strategy sheds light on the importance of stabilizing the structure of ultrahigh-nickel NCM cathode materials that could accelerate its large-scale applications in electric vehicle market.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 7","pages":"4080 - 4089"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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