Aerobiologia最新文献

{"title":"Size-selective particle separation combined with fluorescence excitation module for real-time detection of airborne microorganisms: a feasibility study","authors":"László Himics,&nbsp;Attila Nagy,&nbsp;Aladár Czitrovszky,&nbsp;Igor Agranovski","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09867-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09867-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past few decades, the detection of airborne pathogens in various indoor and outdoor settings has emerged as a crucial area of research and development. Bioaerosols, stemming from natural or industrial sources and comprising airborne organisms or their fragments, pose potential public and industrial health risks. Hence, there is a growing emphasis on achieving early and dependable detection methods for these pathogens across different environments. This project investigates some possibilities for developing cost-effective “first alert” technology capable of detecting airborne bacteria, fungi and pollen in real time. The proposed approach shows significant promise as an initial alert system capable of alerting users to the possible presence of pathogens or allergens in the air, allowing for the timely implementation of personal protective measures. Although the device cannot differentiate between specific types of bacteria, fungi or pollen, it effectively collects and retains them in a liquid sample. This allows for their precise characterization to be conducted in the nearest laboratory. Subsequently, decisions regarding the retention or removal of protective equipment can be made based on the laboratory results, with further guidance sought from public health specialists as needed.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"547 - 558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09867-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the interplay between air pollutants, bioaerosols, and meteorological factors in Badajoz, a low-pollution southwestern Spanish city","authors":"Juan J. Hidalgo-Barquero,&nbsp;Raúl Pecero-Casimiro,&nbsp;Eduardo Pinilla-Gil,&nbsp;Santiago Fernández-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09863-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09863-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pollen grains cause negative effects on human health, especially for allergy sufferers. During the last years, allergenicity has increased due to air pollution. The present study analyzes the interactions between pollen concentrations of different pollen types, meteorological variables and air pollutants present in the atmosphere of a city. For this study, a ten-year pollen data series from the city of Badajoz (southwestern Spain) was used to analyze the correlations between pollutants (NO, NO₂, SO₂, CO, O₃) and particulate matter (PM₁, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀), benzene, toluene and xylene and the concentrations of pollen types (Poaceae, <i>Olea</i>, <i>Fraxinus</i>, Urticaceae, Amaranthaceae, <i>Plantago</i>, <i>Rumex</i>, <i>Platanus</i>, Cupressaceae, Myrtaceae, <i>Alnus</i>, Anthemideae, <i>Castanea</i>, <i>Echium</i>, Lactuceae, <i>Pinus</i> and <i>Quercus</i>). The analysis was performed using daily Spearman correlations, as well as with cumulative pollution values and with time lags between both variables. The correlation with atmospheric pollutants revealed that NO_x could be negatively associated pollen concentrations of all pollen types studied except for <i>Al</i><i>nus</i>, <i>Fraxinus</i> and Urticaceae, for which positive r values were obtained. Benzene, toluene, and xylene also have negative r values except for the associations between <i>Alnus</i> and Urticaceae pollen and benzene and toluene. On the other hand, O₃ was positively correlated pollen concentrations of most pollen types except for <i>Alnus</i>, Cupressaceae, <i>Fraxinus</i> and Urticaceae. The strongest correlations (r values) between air pollutants and various pollen types, such as <i>Olea</i> and Poaceae, occur with a three-day lag. These results highlight the role that air pollution has on pollen concentrations, thus providing information on the behaviour of pollen in urban environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"489 - 504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09863-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the relationship between atmospheric concentrations of fungal spores and local meteorological variables in Kastamonu, Türkiye","authors":"Serhat Karabıcak,&nbsp;Oktay Bıyıklıoğlu,&nbsp;Qasim Farooq,&nbsp;José Oteros,&nbsp;Carmen Galán,&nbsp;Talip Çeter","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09852-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09852-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Certain fungal spores in the atmosphere are one of the main factors that cause asthma attacks and allergic rhinitis symptoms in susceptible individuals. Elevated concentrations of fungal spores cause a significant reduction in the quality of life of susceptible individuals, and an increase in workloads at hospitals. In addition, some fungal spores can contaminate agricultural crops, compromising plant health and food safety and inflicting economic losses. The analysis of atmospheric fungal spores through aerobiological studies and the determination of their relationship with meteorological factors can support reduced exposure to allergens and favor early precautions against agricultural pests. In this study, fungal spores in the atmosphere in Kastamonu, Türkiye were studied hourly throughout 2017 using the volumetric method. Through the study, fungal spores belonging to 41 different taxa were detected in Kastamonu’s atmosphere: <i>Cladosporium,</i> 58.76%; <i>Leptosphaeria,</i> 8%; and <i>Pleospora,</i> 5.01%; and <i>Alternaria</i> 4.98% were the dominant fungal spores in Kastamonu’s air. The annual spore integral was 3868 spores/m³ per day, and 4.48% of the taxa featured concentrations of less than 1%. In terms of total spore concentration, the highest readings were taken at 3:00–4:00 am in the summer, 6:00–7:00 am in the spring, 3:00–4:00 pm in the fall, and 12:00–1:00 am in the winter. Air temperature stands out as the most effective meteorological parameter, showing a positive correlation with all the dominant fungal spores. The direction and intensity of the correlation between meteorological parameters and fungal spores in the atmosphere vary significantly for each species. Longer-term studies are recommended to determine behavioral patterns and to better understand the abundance of fungal spores and their associated meteorological factors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"289 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09852-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bifurcation and control of xanthomonas infectious disease spread in banana plants under hypersensitive response","authors":"Aqeel Ahmad,&nbsp;Khurram Faiz,&nbsp;Abdul Ghaffar,&nbsp;Ghulam Mustafa,&nbsp;Evren Hincal","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09856-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09856-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Examining the model of banana xanthomonas disease with treatment to stop the infections from spreading across the community due to pathogen attack is the main goal of this research. In order to examine the recovery rate of banana xanthomonas after taking control measures with treatment and continuous cutting of infected one, a mathematical model is established using the created hypothesis for healthy environment and the Fractal–Fractional operator is utilized to convert the model into a fractional-order model for continuous monitoring including reliable numerical solutions. In order to ascertain the stable status of the recently built fractional-order system, a qualitative and quantitative analysis is also conducted. Reliable results are ensured by examining the boundedness and uniqueness of the model, which are crucial attributes for comprehending the intricate dynamics. The global derivative is used to determine the rate of disease effects according to each sub-compartment and is validated for genuine positivity using linear growth and Lipschitz conditions. The global stability of the system is investigated using Lyapunov’s first derivative functions in order to evaluate the overall effect of the disease’s spread and control. The impacts of different parameters on the sickness are illustrated using numerical simulations, which are used to explore the effect of the fractional operator on the generalized form of the Mittag–Leffler kernel utilizing a two-step Lagrange polynomial approach for continuous monitoring. Simulations have been made to see the real behavior and control of xanthomonas disease caused by pathogen attack by taking control measures for healthy environment with hypersensitive response. Also, it can be observed the continuous monitoring with dimensional effects helps for identification of infected banana plants and can be removed by cutting process. This kind of research will be beneficial in determining how diseases spread and in creating control plans based on our validated findings for banana plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"345 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of pollen season trends under mediterranean climate: a systematic review","authors":"Asmaa Boullayali,&nbsp;Mustapha Hassoun,&nbsp;Hassan Bouziane","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09862-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09862-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present review examined the perceptions concerning the impact of climate change on pollen production, as well as the timing of the start and end of pollen seasons across various taxa and countries in the Mediterranean region. We analyzed 36 major taxa, focusing on long-term trends. Most studies on the airborne pollen in this region primarily focused on <i>Quercus</i> (n = 9), followed by Poaceae and <i>Pinus</i> (n = 7), Cupressaceae (n = 6), and Amaranthaceae (n = 5). The studies ranged in duration from 10 to 31 years. The results indicate a general increase in annual temperatures across Spain. However, a decline in minimum, mean, and maximum temperatures was observed in Tétouan (Morocco), Jaén and Ourense (Spain) before months when species were expected to flower. Based on data extracted from peer-reviewed articles, pollen season intensity has generally decreased across Mediterranean countries, mainly due to deforestation, habitat fragmentation, land use changes, and intense human activity, all of which have diminished biodiversity in these areas, except in Spain. More than 25% of the data reviewed showed a delayed start to the pollen season, except in Turkey, where no data was found regarding the pollen season's start. Over 98% of studies conducted in Morocco and Spain indicated a delayed end to the pollen season. However, both delays and advances were observed in Greece and Turkey. These phenological changes are primarily linked to shifts in temperature, and could be connected to climate change and rising CO² levels. Based on our research, the timing of pollination, whether earlier or later than expected, differs from the results of other studies and is strongly influenced by the particular years examined. Another factor that could affect the results is the application of various methods or criteria to determine the pollen season. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"469 - 488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of airborne pollen and total stellate hair counts for six years between two sites in Sapporo","authors":"Shinji Takeuchi,&nbsp;Koki Hirashima","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09861-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09861-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Some types of airborne pollen can cause pollinosis, and several studies have been conducted on the fluctuation and prediction of their dispersal amount. In Sapporo, <i>Betula</i> pollen is the main cause of hay fever, as in Europe and North America, and various types of pollen other than <i>Betula</i> pollen are dispersed from early spring to autumn. These pollen grains vary in size and shape, and the distribution of their sources is also diverse. In this study, in order to obtain knowledge about the localized pollen dispersion trends within the same city, airborne pollen was comprehensively observed for six years at two sites, one in the center of Sapporo and the other about 10 km away near the mountain area. In addition, stellate hairs, which are airborne substances derived from plants other than pollen, were also observed. <i>Cryptomeria</i> pollen showed the highest correlation between the two sites among all 17 pollen groups. <i>Betula</i> pollen includes three species (<i>B. platyphylla</i>, <i>B. maximowicziana</i> and <i>B. ermanii</i>) that differ in dispersal time, size and distribution of source plants, but it showed a high correlation between the two sites. Although it was revealed that the trends differed depending on the pollen, it is interesting that large pine pollen with air sacs showed high correlation only in the daily fluctuations. We believe that it is useful information that a statistically high correlation was shown between the two locations in both daily and annual fluctuations of <i>Cryptomeria</i> and <i>Betula</i> pollens, which are involved in pollinosis in Japan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"461 - 467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ragweed (Ambrosia) pollen transport and seed production in Finland during 1990–2022","authors":"Maria Louna-Korteniemi,&nbsp;Sanna Pätsi,&nbsp;Pasi Ahola,&nbsp;Agneta Ekebom,&nbsp;Maiju Kyyhkynen,&nbsp;Linnea Toiviainen,&nbsp;Marika Viljanen,&nbsp;Annika Saarto","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09860-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09860-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Common ragweed (<i>Ambrosia artemisiifolia</i>) is one of the most harmful alien invasive species in Europe. Ragweed pollen is a potent aeroallergen, and can travel long distances in the atmosphere. In this research we studied pollen samples collected in Turku, Finland, during 1990–2022, to identify when ragweed pollen was first transported to the country and how frequently it has happened since, how much pollen has been transported to the country yearly, and whether it is possible to observe trends in airborne ragweed pollen occurrence in Finland during the past decades. We show that (1) ragweed pollen has been transported to Finland since the 1990’s, significantly earlier than previously thought, and (2) the long-distance transport episodes have often been more intense in the recent years. Ragweed pollen transports occur in the late summer or in the autumn, thus lengthening the pollen season in Finland. We also describe a case study where we show that ragweed is able to produce mature viable seeds in Finland. Our conclusion is that the significance of ragweed as an aeroallergen in Finland is increasing, and thus the situation needs to be regularly monitored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"441 - 460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09860-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and verification of a taxa-specific gridded pollen modelling system for the UK","authors":"Lucy Sarah Neal,&nbsp;Katherine Brown,&nbsp;Paul Agnew,&nbsp;Jonathan Bennie,&nbsp;Yolanda Clewlow,&nbsp;Regan Early,&nbsp;Deborah Hemming","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09858-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09858-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pollen allergies affect a large proportion of the UK population, resulting in significant socio-economic costs to the country. The existing Met Office pollen forecast, produced manually, provides a single daily level for 16 UK administrative regions. A new pollen modelling system using the Met Office Numerical Atmospheric-dispersion Modelling Environment (NAME) dispersion model is presented. Initial developments are for the three taxa which are the most allergenic across the UK population: birch, oak and grass. Pollen grain emission maps have been estimated using species distribution modelling methods. The timing of the pollen season is controlled within NAME by an accumulated temperature sum parametrisation, while pollen release is estimated with short-term meteorological dependencies based on precipitation, wind speed, vapour pressure deficit and a diurnal cycle. When examined as hindcasts, the performance of NAME (verified against pollen observations independent of those used in model development) is comparable with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service ensemble median prediction for birch and grass. NAME Daily Pollen Index predictions show an improved correlation coefficient (0.58, 0.61) compared to the existing manual forecast (0.53, 0.59) for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. The NAME model provides taxa-specific outputs at high temporal (hourly) and spatial (0.05°) resolutions, which will eventually transform the level of detail in a future forecast system and therefore be of significantly greater use to the public and health professionals for managing pollen risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"389 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09858-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D aerodynamic trajectories of aerobiological particles from biological sources under local-scale meteorological conditions using CFD","authors":"Luz Pardo-del Viejo,&nbsp;Santiago Fernández-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09853-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09853-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In urban environments, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used for visualizing health and comfort risks in outdoor spaces. Our main objective is to study a model based on 3D trajectories at a local scale, focusing on urban trees geolocated using KML maps and LiDAR data. The study tracks pollen particles (Pinaceae) from trees to pollen samplers, considering meteorological parameters such as wind speed and direction, as well as the influence of buildings. Four simulations were conducted using annual episode criteria, based on representative days from a five-day intradiurnal pollen pattern at both ground and terrace levels. One simulation represented the interannual average, while the others were based on annual averages. The BIM methodology was employed to analyze air quality and particle dispersion. The results from air trajectory simulations and the potential impact of vegetation on buildings (including façade and street canyon effects) could be extrapolated to inform new building designs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"303 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09853-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenic bacteria in air samples: an appraisal of the African studies versus other continents","authors":"Moyosoreoluwa O. Abegunde,&nbsp;Olumuyiwa O. Ogunlaja,&nbsp;Gloria O. Taylor,&nbsp;Aemere Ogunlaja","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09859-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09859-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pathogenic infections especially those caused by organisms resistant to antimicrobials pose a critical challenge to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3), particularly in Africa. The environment is also indicated as a significant vector for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) dissemination. Unfortunately, the air is the least monitored environment or reported for AMR. This study reviews the prevalence of bacterial pathogens and resistomes in African air samples, comparing them with global reports. Using PubMed and Google Scholar, publications from 2013 to 2023 on biomonitored air samples were reviewed; the regional occurrence of bacteria, their antibiotic resistance profiles, and the knowledge gaps in this area across the African continent and between other continents are highlighted. West African region had the highest research output and publications, predominantly from Nigeria (46.6%). Most of the African studies focused on indoor air environments, especially in hospitals, employing passive air sampling. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was the most frequently reported bacteria, with tetracycline resistance being the most common. Only three studies in Africa clearly reported antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the air, a stark contrast to the numerous global studies employing molecular methods. The review highlights the lack of indigenous solutions for air treatment and underlines the need for improved surveillance, funding, and policy enforcement to mitigate AMR and strengthen public health systems across the continent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"415 - 439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}