Aerobiologia最新文献

{"title":"Bioaerosol concentration and health implication for children in daycare centers","authors":"Siti Khairunnisa Yusof,&nbsp;Norhidayah Abdull,&nbsp;Nurud Suria Suhaimi,&nbsp;Afiza Abdullah Suhaimi,&nbsp;Nurliyana Moh Hussin","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09872-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09872-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Indoor air quality in daycare center (DCCs) is a significant concern due to its potential impact on child health. Exposure to bioaerosols, including bacteria and fungi, can lead to respiratory infections, allergies, and other health issues. This study aims to assess the concentration of bioaerosol in DCCs, identify factors influencing their concentrations and I/O ratio. The bioaerosol sample was collected using bio stage impactor and Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) agar as a collection media. The highest indoor bacteria and fungi concentration was recorded in Kotasas DCC (1668 CFU/m³) and Balok DCC (1706 CFU/m³), respectively. Both concentrations have exceeded the ICOP recommended limit which are 500 CFU/m³ and 1000 CFU/m³ for both bacteria and fungi. The I/O ratio for bioaerosols varied across daycare centers, indicating differences in ventilation efficiency and indoor contamination sources. Pekan and Kotasas DCCs showed high bacterial I/O ratios (5.88 and 3.07), suggesting poor ventilation, while Bukit Ubi DCC had nearly equal indoor and outdoor concentrations (I/O ≈ 1), reflecting effective air exchange. Relative humidity (RH) measured in the indoor and outdoor air ranged approximately from 60 to 83% while the temperature ranged from 26 °C to 32 °C. The statistical analyses were performed using Rstudio 4.4.1. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between indoor fungal concentrations and RH (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, <i>r</i> = 0.71) but a negative correlation with temperature (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, <i>r</i> = − 0.46) and occupancy (p &lt; 0.01, <i>r</i> = − 0.52), while indoor bacterial levels showed a moderate positive correlation with occupancy (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, <i>r</i> = 0.55). These findings highlight the significant impact of environmental factors and occupancy on indoor air quality in DCCs. By understanding these relationships, effective strategies can be implemented to improve ventilation systems, reduce bioaerosol levels, and create healthier indoor environments for children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"643 - 665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09872-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of chilling and heat accumulation periods of the olive tree in a warm and sub-humid climate, using the partial least squares (PLS) regression","authors":"Hassan Bouziane,&nbsp;Ijlal Raissouni,&nbsp;Imane Bouziane,&nbsp;Samir El Bakali,&nbsp;El Hassan Sakar","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09873-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09873-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Olea europaea</i> L. is an anemophilous species of the Mediterranean basin and one of the most widespread fruit trees with notable agricultural and economic values. However, its pollen is recognized as one of the main causes of allergic reactions. Temperature and the rates of chilling and heat accumulations are vital for the olive reproductive cycle and determine the timing and the intensity of pollen season. Variations in its reproductive phenology can be a meaningful bio-indicator regarding the response to climatic changes.</p><p>In this study, recent phenological observations enabled the determination of flowering start dates for olive trees in Tétouan. These were compared with pollination dates defined according to different criteria, to determine which best approximates the observed dates. This study also aims to delineate chilling and heat requirements periods using a partial least squares (PLS) regression and estimate thermal requirements for the start date of pollination in Tétouan (NW of Morocco). The PLS analysis clearly delineated three discontinuous chilling accumulation periods spanned from September to the first week of December and one heat accumulation period from 14th February to 18th April. The average of chilling requirements and heat requirements was 4.89 chill portions (CP) and 17,191.71 growing degree hours (GDH), respectively. Linear regression revealed that forcing period had a closer relationship with timing and was then the main driver of the beginning of the olive pollen season. Defining the thermal accumulation periods and estimating chilling and heat requirements could provide evidence of future climatic changes impacts on tree phenology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"667 - 679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: how emerging technologies could reshape pollen monitoring for epidemic thunderstorm asthma","authors":"Karla Hanoun,&nbsp;Kira Morgan Hughes,&nbsp;Cenk Suphioglu","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09874-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09874-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Grass pollen constitutes a significant public health concern in Australia, particularly for individuals with seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma, due to its strong association with epidemic thunderstorm asthma (ETSA) events, which are getting more frequent due to climate change. The combined effects of humidity and lightning during ETSA events cause intact grass pollen to rupture and release small particles that can trigger severe asthma attacks, leading to increased hospital admissions. To help prevent this, researchers began collecting and monitoring local pollen data that contribute to ETSA warning systems. In Australia, expert pollen counters rely on Hirst-type traps, but these machines take 24 h to operate. Some modern machines have been designed to monitor pollen faster, but they are not able to determine the state of the pollen (i.e., intact or ruptured). The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) presents an opportunity to enhance pollen monitoring by accurately identifying not only pollen taxa but also the state of the pollen. Using AI to monitor ruptured pollen could improve the accuracy and efficiency of warning systems, thereby helping to prevent the severe outcomes associated with ETSA events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"559 - 567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09874-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the interplay of indoor microbial diversity with pollutant variables and human health profile in Indian slums: a metagenomic approach","authors":"Rachna Jain,&nbsp;Subhendu Chakraborty","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09871-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09871-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metagenomic tools provide a comprehensive platform for exploring the indoor microbiota, a known potential health threat. The present study is designed to observe the comprehensive in-house microbiota of selected slum areas and assess its inter and intra-correlation with environmental and human health profiles. In our understanding, this is the first study reporting the indoor microflora of a slum area in a humid temporal zone. House dust from slum households (<i>n</i> = 240) was used as samples for 16S targeted metagenomic sequencing by NOVASEQ. Metagenome sequencing exhibited the presence of &gt; 140 insignificantly variable species at both slum locations. <i>Actinobacteria</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i> dominated with &gt; 75% relative abundance. Volcano plots showed a significant association of observed microbiota with temperature, humidity, leakage, ventilation, and odor. Species diversity and selected pollutants and health variables were clustered into three groups, as depicted by agglomerative hierarchical clustering, and positive correlations were observed with the health profile of the natives as well as with environmental and infrastructural parameters. Thus, this study highlights the utility of metagenomic tools in providing a detailed understanding of the indoor microbiota in slum areas, shedding light on the complex interactions between environmental factors, microbial diversity, and public health. These insights could design future interventions to mitigate health risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"627 - 642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental factors attributed on dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through PM2.5 and PM10","authors":"Nurul Tasha Zulkifle,&nbsp;Muhammad Ikram A Wahab,&nbsp;Hui-min Neoh,&nbsp;Siti Shahara Zulfakar","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09870-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09870-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An increasing global health concern is antibiotic resistance, involving antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and their antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), particularly through inhalation of airborne bioaerosols. Airborne transmission helps spread resistant pathogens across regions and populations. Despite their substantial impact in human exposure, ARB and ARGs in air particles have received less attention than antibiotic resistance in soil and water. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were implemented in conducting the review. The search focused on scientific articles focusing on ARB and ARGs disseminated through PM_2.5 and PM₁₀. The review was restricted to English-language works published between 2017 and 2024 that have been published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Following screening of 352 publications across the globe, only 30 publications of note were identified. Some of the most commonly identified ARBs are the genera <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp., <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp., <i>Burkholderia</i> spp., <i>Sphingomonas</i> spp., <i>Bacillus</i> spp. and <i>Bacteroides</i> spp. Most prevalent ARGs that have been identified in the urban air include resistance to the multiple antibiotic classes, including tetracyclines (<i>tet</i>M, <i>tet</i>W, <i>tet</i>O), sulfonamides (<i>sul1, sul2</i>), macrolides (<i>erm</i>B, <i>erm</i>C), ß-lactams (<i>bla</i>TEM<i>, bla</i>CTX-M), quinolones (<i>qnr</i>S) and aminoglycosides (<i>aad</i>D). This report outlines current research on ARB and ARGs in urban air, where issues are increased by pollution and dense populations. It highlights key sources, including natural environments, industries, wastewater treatment and hospitals. Furthermore, it explores how meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and air particles impact their dissemination. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"569 - 590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09870-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of wind in the spatiotemporal distribution of strawberry powdery mildew in high-tunnel growing systems","authors":"Anna Aldrighetti,&nbsp;Nadia Vendrame,&nbsp;Rachele Nieri,&nbsp;Dino Zardi,&nbsp;Sofia Farina,&nbsp;Roberto Rosà,&nbsp;Ilaria Pertot","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09869-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09869-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strawberry powdery mildew, caused by <i>Podosphaera aphanis</i>, is a major fungal disease affecting strawberry cultivation worldwide. Its rapid lifetime cycle and ability to spread under a wide range of favourable conditions make early detection and management particularly challenging. Understanding the impact of environmental factors on disease dispersal is crucial for improving forecasting and control strategies. This study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of strawberry powdery mildew in a high tunnel with a specific focus on wind as a primary driver of inoculum release and dispersal. Disease spread was monitored from a single inoculum source, both under natural wind conditions and with minimized wind influence to assess pathogen dispersal efficiency under varying wind speeds. The infection rate was modelled using a Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) model according to airborne conidium concentration and distance from the inoculum. Results show that disease spread follows an exponential decay pattern with a dispersal rate of 1.65 m day⁻¹. Temperature and relative humidity significantly influence conidium release, with wind as the most critical factor driving pathogen dispersal. Wind contributes to the formation of heterogeneous infectious hotspots along the tunnel, shaping the spatial and temporal distribution of the disease. However, wind speed had no significant impact on quantitative disease progression, highlighting high pathogen dispersal efficiency even under low wind conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"609 - 626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of culturable fungi in particulate matter (PM10) on a university campus in a peri-urban area of Northern South America","authors":"Omar Ramírez,&nbsp;Adriana Hernández-Guzmán,&nbsp;Lizeth Russy-Velandia,&nbsp;María Camila Patiño,&nbsp;Ricardo Morales-Betancourt","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09866-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09866-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to identify culturable fungal bioaerosols in airborne particulate matter (PM₁₀) at a university campus located near Bogotá, Colombia, in the northern region of South America. Bioaerosols, which include living organisms or their byproducts, are significant for air quality, affecting human health, ecosystems, and climate. Fungal spores, a major component of bioaerosols, are known to cause respiratory and allergic diseases. Despite their importance, data on fungal bioaerosols in the Andean region of northern South America are limited. Samples were collected using a low-volume air sampler that captured PM₁₀ particles on filters, later analyzed for fungal colony-forming units (CFUs). The highest concentration observed was 900 CFU/m³. Molecular analysis identified predominant fungal genera, including <i>Cladosporium</i> sp., <i>Penicillium</i> sp., <i>Xylariales</i> sp., <i>Aspergillus</i> sp., and <i>Trichoderma</i> sp. <i>Cladosporium</i> species, such as <i>C. asperulatum</i> and <i>C. cladosporioides</i>, were notably abundant and have been associated with allergic reactions. <i>Penicillium brevicompactum</i> and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>, both linked to respiratory irritations and lung infections, were also identified. Additionally, some fungal species detected are pathogenic to vegetation. These findings provide essential insights into airborne fungal species in South America, identifying potential allergenic and pathogenic organisms present on a university campus with a densely populated community regularly exposed to airborne particulate matter. This highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and the implementation of control measures to improve scientific understanding of bioaerosol dynamics and the associated health risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"591 - 608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09866-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variability in abundance and diversity of airborne pollen grains in the foothills of the Western Himalayas","authors":"Ajay Kumar,&nbsp;Arun K. Attri","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09868-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09868-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pollen presence in the atmosphere, as Primary Biological Aerosol (PBA) fraction, constitutes a significant proportion of aerosol. In recent years, research focusing on the role of pollen grains in the atmosphere has intensified toward understanding their impacts on environmental processes and human health. Investigation over 15 months, from January 2012 to March 2013, in Jawali, Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, was undertaken to estimate the abundance and diversity of airborne pollen grains in ambient coarse particulate matter (CPM) sampled using a high-volume PM sampler. The average CPM load of 46.6 µg m⁻³ corresponded with an average pollen concentration of 219 pollen grains m⁻³ during the study. A large diversity of pollen grains in CPM was observed, with 54 different types of pollen grains belonging to 35 plant families, including two gymnosperm families. The major tree genera characterized were <i>Mallotus, Pinus, Eucalyptus, Syzigium, Prosopis, Phyllanthus, Cassia,</i> and <i>Acacia,</i> whereas the shrubs were <i>Dodonaea, Ricinus</i>, and <i>Ephedra.</i> Herbaceous pollen contributed a significant fraction of pollen grains belonging to Poaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Cannabaceae, and Urticaceae. A significant number of pollen grains recorded in this investigation have been reported as allergenic in the literature. Most of the pollen grains in CPM belonged to the region's endemic vegetation, suggesting their local origin. The monthly concentration profile of pollen grains displayed significant variation over 15 months. Meteorological parameters, temperature, planetary boundary layer height, and wind speed statistically correlated with CPM. The insignificant correlations with pollen concentration indicated that the sources of CPM and pollen emissions differ. However, pollen showed a weak correlation with wind speed and a negative correlation with relative humidity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 3","pages":"681 - 696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing automated identification of airborne fungal spores: guidelines for cultivation and reference dataset creation","authors":"Nicolas Bruffaerts,&nbsp;Elias Graf,&nbsp;Predrag Matavulj,&nbsp;Astha Tiwari,&nbsp;Ioanna Pyrri,&nbsp;Yanick Zeder,&nbsp;Sophie Erb,&nbsp;Maria Plaza,&nbsp;Silas Dietler,&nbsp;Tommaso Bendinelli,&nbsp;Elizabet D’hooge,&nbsp;Branko Sikoparija","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09864-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09864-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Airborne bioparticles, including fungal spores, are of major concern for human and plant health, necessitating precise monitoring systems. While a European norm exists for manual volumetric monitoring, there's a growing interest in automated real-time methods. However, these methods rely heavily on machine learning, facing challenges due to diverse particle characteristics and limited training data availability, especially for fungal spores. This study aims to address this gap by outlining best practices for collecting reference material and creating tailored datasets for training algorithms. Using 17 fungal species from the Belgian fungi collection BCCM/IHEM, including five <i>Alternaria</i> species, key aspects such as in vitro cultivation, dry spore harvest, and aerosolization were addressed. Simple classification models were developed, achieving varying accuracies on different monitors. The Plair Rapid-E+ demonstrated accuracies ranging from 83.4% to 95.1% (macro average F1-score 0.61), with better recognition for <i>Cladosporium</i> spp. and <i>Curvularia caricae-papayae</i>. The SwisensPoleno Jupiter, initially achieving a macro average F1-score of 0.77 with holographic images of eight genera, improved to 0.83 when combined with fluorescence data. Accuracies ranged from 55 to 95%, with notable performance for <i>Alternaria</i> spp. and <i>Curvularia caricae-papayae</i>. Species differentiation was also shown to be possible for <i>Cladosporium</i>, but was more difficult for some <i>Alternaria</i> species, while the macro average F1-score remained good (0.72). Overall, this protocol paves the way for more efficient, standard, and accurate automatic identification of airborne fungal spores.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"505 - 525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing in the pollen frontier: a comprehensive evaluation and meta-analysis of automatic pollen monitoring systems","authors":"Qasim Farooq,&nbsp;José Oteros,&nbsp;Carmen Galán","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09865-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10453-025-09865-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Airborne pollen monitoring depends on the precise and reproducible detection of pollen. In Europe, the volumetric Hirst standardized approach served as the baseline for the traditional method for pollen monitoring networks, requiring highly skilled technicians and which is a labor-intensive job. That is why there is a need for new automatic methodologies to solve those problems. This study evaluates and compares the technical characteristics of various automated pollen detection systems available on the market, providing a snapshot of the current state of technology. Particle size resolution, aspiration volume, storage capacity for high-definition particle pictures, and real-time data transfer were among the principal attributes of the systems examined. Our findings reveal that each system features unique advantages and limitations, with significant correlations between pollen concentrations detected by automatic systems and the manually operated Hirst sampler, especially with the Hund BAA-500 and Swisens Poleno devices. However, current systems require further enhancements in their classification algorithms and the development of comparable datasets for improved functionality. While this review provides an overview of the current scenario, the field is rapidly evolving, with continuous improvements and the potential for new players in the market.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"527 - 546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-025-09865-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}