American Journal of Botany最新文献

{"title":"Climate and seed mass drive intraspecific variation in seed longevity in storage.","authors":"Lea Klepka, Sascha Liepelt, Anna Bucharova","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>Conservation seed banks are essential for ex situ plant conservation, but stored seeds slowly deteriorate and lose viability. Seed longevity in storage is determined by the initial seed viability and the rate of seed viability loss. The rate of seed viability loss in storage varies between species and possibly between populations or even genotypes within species. However, the extent of this intraspecific variability and its drivers remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated both inter- and intraspecific variability in seed longevity and its predictors in 41 common grassland species and 188 seed lots from across Europe. We exposed the seeds to simulated aging conditions (60% RH, 45°C) and used probit analysis to obtain the rate of seed viability loss (σ) as a measure of seed longevity. We then related σ to seed-lot- and species-specific factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seed longevity (σ) varied significantly among seed lots within 58% of the species, and the probability of detecting such intraspecific differences increased with the number of seed lots available for a given species. This suggests that within-species variation in seed longevity is widespread. Seed-lot-specific predictors explained only 14.4% of the within-species variability. Specifically, seed longevity increased with the mean annual temperature at the seed lot origin and decreased with the seed-lot-specific seed mass. Across species, seed longevity differed among plant families but was unrelated to seed mass, protein, or oil content.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight substantial within-species variation in seed longevity in storage, but it is difficult to predict.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and genetic bases of variable drought stress response in a widely adapted allotetraploid species.","authors":"Wen-Hsi Kuo, Linda L Small, Kenneth M Olsen","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>Understanding how plants adapt to spatial and temporal variation in water availability is central to predicting their responses to climate change. However, the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying local adaptation to drought remain poorly understood, particularly in polyploid species. We investigated these mechanisms in Trifolium repens (white clover), a recently evolved allotetraploid characterized by broad ecological tolerance, global distribution, and extensive variation in life-history traits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated drought response in genotypes from three climatically distinct North American locations (Minnesota, Missouri, and Florida), focusing on fitness-related traits and subgenomic gene expression. We used a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping population derived from Minnesota and Florida genotypes to characterize the genetic architecture of drought-divergent traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genotypes showed divergent drought responses in biomass allocation, flowering time, and photosynthesis. Transcriptomic data revealed genotype-specific expression responses, with parallel regulation across homeologous gene pairs and equal subgenomic contributions. Variability in cyanogenesis, a chemical defense, had no detectable effect on fitness-related traits. QTL analysis identified a major locus on Chromosome 4 with antagonistic pleiotropy across environments, consistent with local adaptation; this QTL partially overlaps genomic regions previously associated with aridity gradients in a landscape genomics analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adaptive divergence in white clover under drought reflects differences in life history, energy allocation, and physiology. Parallel homeolog regulation underscores balanced subgenomic expression in this young polyploid. A key QTL with environment-dependent effects provides evidence for the genetic basis of local adaptation. These findings highlight how polyploid species can evolve context-dependent strategies to cope with climate-induced stresses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential growth and physiological responses to water level and soil type in two dominant macrophytes, Cladium jamaicense and Muhlenbergia capillaris, in South Florida, USA.","authors":"Paulo C Olivas, Jennifer H Richards, Steven F Oberbauer","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>Wetland ecosystems experience strong spatial and temporal fluctuations in water levels, superimposed on a mosaic of soil/nutrient regimes, so wetland macrophytes either avoid or tolerate inundation in the context of their soil environment. How do wetland plants adjust their physiology and morphology in response to these water levels and soil types, and what traits are linked to inundation tolerance or avoidance?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In independent mesocosm experiments, we grew two co-occurring plant species: Cladium jamaicense, more commonly found in long-hydroperiod, peat environments, and Muhlenbergia capillaris, typically associated with short-hydroperiod, marl environments. Plants were subjected for a year to one of three water levels in marl or peat soils. Plant traits such as morphology, biomass, nutrient content, and photosynthetic capacity were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cladium jamaicense grew longer, wider leaves in response to higher water levels, whereas M. capillaris did not. Muhlenbergia capillaris photosynthetic rates were strongly reduced by high water level, while rates for C. jamaicense were less affected. Total biomass decreased with increasing inundation for both species, but shifts were only significant in M. capillaris.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cladium jamaicense adjusted leaf morphology to both water level and soil type, whereas M. capillaris did not. Cladium jamaicense showed a growth response to avoid flooding, which was enhanced in peat soils, while M. capillaris showed a tolerance response, which was unaffected by soil type. These results can be used to predict these species' responses to hydrologic and nutrient changes and distributions in other wetlands and to infer traits of other wetland species and their consequent distributions along hydrologic and soil gradients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-elevation endemic plants predicted to lose habitat from changing climate in Washington State.","authors":"Nicholas L Gjording, Erik W Ertsgaard, David E Giblin, Iris H Dimpsey, Owen B Bard","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>High-elevation plants face unique challenges from potential climate change impacts that will likely require upslope migration into increasingly smaller suitable habitat. This situation is particularly acute for endemic species that by definition occupy small geographic ranges. Here we assessed climate risk for eight endemic species occurring in the Cascade Range of Washington State and modeled their ability to persist through the end of the century.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For current species distributions, we utilized online georeferenced herbarium specimen and observation data from Pacific Northwest herbaria and iNaturalist. We visualized future climate impacts on current habitat space for each species using principal component analysis under two future CO₂ emission levels: SSP245 and SSP585. We then applied an ensemble modeling approach using spatial data for climate, canopy cover, topography, and geology to predict future suitable habitat for each species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our models predicted substantial habitat area losses for seven of eight species examined, with four expected to lose 99-100% of suitable habitat if CO₂ emissions continue at current levels (SSP585). Under reduced CO₂ emissions levels (SSP245), an average of 26.8% of the habitat area loss for each species can be abated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While our models show habitat range shifts for these species, it remains uncertain whether any species will successfully migrate into future potential suitable habitat. Habitat loss predicted in this study informs potential conservation needs. We present a repeatable modeling framework for studying climate change impacts on habitat for targeted species using publicly available distribution and environmental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A leaf phenomics approach for estimating belowground traits in North American licorice.","authors":"Zachary N Harris, Vivian Tran, Emelyn Piotter, Meredith T Hanlon, Matthew J Rubin, Allison J Miller","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>Selective breeding over thousands of years has prioritized aboveground yield, with little regard for changes belowground. Roots underpin plant growth and resilience, but our knowledge of these critical structures lags behind that of aboveground structures. Accurately phenotyping root traits is labor-intensive, expensive, and often destructive. High-throughput, nondestructive methods are required to advance understanding of the fundamental biology of root systems and to integrate hard-to-measure root traits into breeding programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used American licorice (Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh.), a perennial legume with a rich ethnobotanical history, as a model to investigate root system phenotypes. We assessed root traits across multiple populations, analyzed relationships between above- and belowground phenotypes, and tested the use of multidimensional leaf traits, including spectral reflectance, in predicting root traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Root traits of American licorice varied significantly across source populations. Root traits were strongly intercorrelated and each root trait correlated with an aboveground phenotype. Leaf spectral reflectance and elemental composition predicted belowground traits; however, interpretation of some trait-specific signals were complicated by isometric scaling between plant size and root traits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate the use of high-dimensional leaf traits as a proxy for root traits, with potential applications for understanding foundational questions in plant biology and in breeding programs targeting belowground structures of perennial herbaceous species. Further optimization and larger studies are needed to improve predictive models.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seeds of annual and perennial populations of Mimulus guttatus exhibit differential responses to cold stratification.","authors":"Alec Chiono, Elisabeth Sellinger, Nancy C Emery","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>Life history theory predicts that temporal variation in fitness can select for either persistence in the seed bank or iteroparity, but rarely both simultaneously. However, this prediction has not been explicitly evaluated by testing for a negative relationship between these two life history traits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a germination experiment to measure the extent of seed persistence in semelparous and iteroparous populations of Mimulus guttatus across a factorial combination of cold stratification and water potential treatments. We performed a tetrazolium assay on all seeds that did not germinate to quantify seed persistence (i.e., viable seeds that did not germinate).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Semelparous seeds were more likely to persist than iteroparous seeds only in the absence of cold stratification in two of the three water potential treatments; there was no difference at the lowest water potential treatment because almost all seeds persisted. These differences in seed persistence reversed or disappeared when seeds were cold stratified because cold stratification surprisingly increased seed persistence in iteroparous seeds. There was substantial variation in cold stratification responses among seed families within populations of both ecotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrasting responses to cold stratification between semelparous and iteroparous plants and notable within-population variation in these responses complicated the otherwise simple relationship that life history theory predicts between seed persistence and iteroparity. In addition, this study has practical implications for M. guttatus research, which often uses cold stratification to increase germination proportions; this treatment, our results show, does not always have this effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological niche modeling reveals habitat differentiation and climatic vulnerability in two imperiled, sympatric southern Appalachian carnivorous plants.","authors":"Nicholas J Chang, Lauren Eserman, Amanda Carmichael, Adam B Smith, Xingwen Loy, Emily E D Coffey, James Ojascastro","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>Understanding the habitat requirements of imperiled flora is critical for informing ex situ conservation practices, designing effective reintroduction strategies, and understanding how climate change will impact such species, especially in montane regions with high levels of environmental heterogeneity. In southern Appalachia, USA, the mountain sweet pitcher plant (Sarracenia rubra subsp. jonesii) and mountain purple pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea var. montana) inhabit overlapping ranges. These taxa rarely co-occur in the same mountain bogs but frequently hybridize at sites where they do co-occur.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed patterns of climatic niche differentiation in these imperiled taxa to explore whether they naturally co-occur or may have been brought into secondary contact through human translocations. In addition, we constructed ecological niche models to evaluate the comparative availability of suitable habitat for each taxon under present and future climates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sarracenia purpurea var. montana inhabits higher elevation habitats than Sarracenia rubra subsp. jonesii, and these differences in elevation correspond with differences in climatic niche. Under the most likely future climate scenario, models predicted that habitat matching the climatic niche of Sarracenia rubra subsp. jonesii will decline in area by 95% by 2080, while habitat matching the climatic niche of Sarracenia purpurea var. montana will increase in area by 13%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite high spatial overlap, these two related taxa exhibit divergent climatic niches, resulting in highly different management needs and conservation approaches. We raise concerns about the future of mountain bog plant assemblages, and the rare species they include, under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenomics resolves the evolutionary histories and taxonomy of the long-associated North American legume genera Psorodendron and Psorothamnus.","authors":"Martin F Wojciechowski, Sara Carvalho Madrigal, Gwilym P Lewis, María José Sanín","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>The genus Psorothamnus sensu Barneby consists of nine species distributed across the deserts and basins of southwestern North America. Studies have suggested Psorothamnus is paraphyletic, separated into two clades essentially corresponding to Rydberg's original concepts of Psorothamnus and Psorodendron. We sought to fully resolve their relationships to understand their evolutionary histories, current geographic distributions, and the timing of diversification of their constituent taxa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We sampled and phylogenetically analyzed sequences of 148 low-copy nuclear loci from 82 accessions of all recognized taxa of Psorothamnus sensu Barneby to clearly identify species and their relationships. We also estimated divergence times of these lineages for comparison to related groups. Genetic analyses of single-nucleotide polymorphisms called from these loci were used to identify the genetic structure of the taxa resolved in these two genera.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our phylogenomic analyses yielded a highly resolved, well-supported hypothesis of evolutionary relationships that establishes Psorodendron Rydb. and Psorothamnus Rydb. as reciprocally monophyletic, independent genera. Allopatry is common between populations, nevertheless, population genomic analyses revealed, in some cases, admixture between populations of closely related taxa. A time-calibrated phylogeny indicates a late Oligocene divergence between these and related genera, with late-Miocene divergences among species.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The genomic results presented here substantiate a taxonomic revision of several of the species and varieties of both Psorodendron Rydb. and Psorothamnus Rydb. Both genera diversified since the Miocene in the deserts and intermountain basins of southwestern North America suggesting their antiquity and persistence in these regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the African arid corridor hypothesis: A meta-analysis including the phylogenetic and biogeographical history of Sesamothamnus.","authors":"John G Zaborsky, Jeffrey P Rose, Ricardo Kriebel, Bryan T Drew, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Alan R Lemmon, Kenneth J Sytsma","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>We examined the African arid corridor (AAC) disjunction pattern of vascular plants between northeastern and southwestern Africa in the context of geological and climatic events since the late Miocene. We developed a phylogenetic and biogeographical framework for the arid-adapted genus Sesamothamnus (Pedaliaceae), a classic example of the AAC disjunction pattern.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phylogenetic tree based on next-generation sequencing of 512 nuclear genes and entire plastomes for all species of Sesamothamnus was time calibrated. Parsimony analyses were employed for morphological data. We gleaned the literature for examples of the AAC disjunction that were time calibrated or could be dated and compared them to climatic and geological changes from the Miocene to Pleistocene. Habit, dispersal mechanism, arid-adapted features, and geographic source area were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nuclear and plastome data provide congruent phylogenies for Sesamothamnus, indicating that the species restricted to northeastern Africa are sister to the southwestern species and diverged about 8.4 million years ago (Ma). Time calibrated splits for the AAC disjunct pattern were obtained for 73 vascular plant clades with dates ranging from 34 Ma to the Pleistocene, with the majority dated to the late Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most clades exhibiting the AAC disjunction pattern, including Sesamothamnus, appear associated with several waves of aridification affecting both northeastern, eastern, and southwestern Africa involving the rise of C₄ and CAM photosynthesis, succulence, spiny vegetation, and bovid herbivory. The AAC disjunction pattern is complex, appears to involve migration, rather than simple vicariance, and exhibits a strong southwest to northeast migration bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corallorhiza striata is the first example of a pseudocopulatory orchid in North America and an instance of \"double deception\" in fully mycoheterotrophic plants.","authors":"John V Freudenstein, Craig F Barrett","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajb2.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Premise: </strong>Orchids have many pollination strategies, from highly species-specific mutualisms with insects to deceit pollination, including sexual deception. The family also has the most leafless, parasitic species (mycoheterotrophs) of any plant family. The occurrence of two types of deception simultaneously in individuals of a single species previously has been suggested to be highly improbable.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied Corallorhiza striata in the field, documenting the behavior of pollinators on the plants. We compared structural features of C. striata flowers to those of other species in the genus and tested for the presence of nectar. We also examined over 6000 iNaturalist photo records of C. striata to expand our pollinator search.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The only pollinators for which we found clear evidence were males of the ichneumonid wasp Pimpla pedalis, which visited the nectarless flowers and exhibited mating-type behavior. The floral structure of C. striata, especially with respect to the labellum, is distinct from that of bee- and fly-pollinated species of Corallorhiza. We demonstrated that wasps were attracted to flowers in the absence of visual cues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Corallorhiza striata is the first example of a pseudocopulatory orchid from North America, and Corallorhiza is only the second genus known to deceive an ichneumonid. It is trophically and reproductively deceptive in the same life stage. Four other fully mycoheterotrophic species and three partial mycoheterotrophs also are known to engage in both deceptions indicating that, although rare, simultaneous deception can be a successful strategy. Such parasitic plants provide opportunities to study unusual evolutionary and ecological phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":"e70185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13103615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}