AIDS reviews最新文献_第5页

The use of 'sex' and 'gender' in medical research. 在医学研究中使用'sex'和'gender'。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.23000012

Carlos Chiclana-Actis, Vicente Soriano

{"title":"The use of 'sex' and 'gender' in medical research.","authors":"Carlos Chiclana-Actis, Vicente Soriano","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.23000012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.23000012","url":null,"abstract":"There is a widespread practice of using 'sex' and 'gender' interchangeably. The World Health Organization considers that they are not. It defines sex as a set of chromosome-dependent biological variables that show unique hormone profiles and anatomy. Conversely, gender refers to socially constructed sex attributions with differential roles, behavioral expressions, identity, etc. Researchers and institutions have proposed guidelines to ensure that good science is not compromised by ideologies, media or social pressures, morality, religion or economic interests. Sex differences are immune to any ideology or socio-cultural interest, because they are governed by biologically determined genetic parameters. Considering men and women to be alike is very valuable from a moral or social perspective, but ignoring differences could be wrong and unacceptable from a biomedical perspective. The organization of health and/or research systems that does not consider the different morbidity, evolution or treatment response depending on sex would generate biases and mistakes. To work on medical innovation with a gender perspective should need to take sex differences into account and integrate them properly, recognizing diversity. The controversy is not just about sex or gender, but about sex and gender and how they may influence each other. Maintaining a scientific and academic approach will help both to advance science and enrich laws and/or ideologies.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":"25 2","pages":"96-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10019095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antiretroviral therapy and weight gain in antiretroviral treatment-experienced HIV patients: A review. 抗逆转录病毒治疗和经历过抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV患者体重增加:综述。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.22000026

Emilie Dupont, Jean Cyr Yombi

{"title":"Antiretroviral therapy and weight gain in antiretroviral treatment-experienced HIV patients: A review.","authors":"Emilie Dupont, Jean Cyr Yombi","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.22000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.22000026","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of developing non-AIDS events (NAEs) remains higher in persons living with HIV-1 (PLWH) compared to the general population despite progress made in the treatment by antiretroviral (ARV). Particular attention is therefore given to the management of risk factors associated with NAEs during the follow-up of PLWH, including overweight. Factors associated with weight gain in PLWH are multifactorial and include demographics, HIV disease-related, lifestyle, cultural, and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-associated factors. All these confounding factors make it difficult to interpret the potential link between ARVs and weight gain. In antiretroviral treatment- experienced PLWH, confounding factors such as the return to normal health or the advanced stage of disease can be ruled out compared to naïve patients which somewhat facilitates the interpretation of weight gain. Weight gain after ART switch is modest, not generally a big concern in clinical practice in this population and correlated more strongly with baseline regimen, especially after the stop of TDF or EFV, than with sex-, race-, or HIV-related factors. It remains uncertain whether this is due to the loss of a weight suppressive effect of prior regimens with older agent such as TDF or EFV or a weight gain effect of the newer regimens especially TAF and/or INSTI, or both. The mechanisms linked to weight gain attributed to the new ARVs as well as its possible reversibility are not yet elucidated. Clinicians who switched ARV regimen of experienced PLWH should be aware of this side effect and of this potentially consequences on the global health.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":"25 1","pages":"54-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9175706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Is SARS-CoV-2 the only cause of long-COVID? SARS-CoV-2是长covid的唯一原因吗?

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.22000025

Ilduara Pintos-Pascual, Victor Moreno-Torres, Fatima Ibánez-Estéllez, Pilar Corrales-Rodriguez, Ana Treviño, Manuel Corpas, Octavio Corral, Vicente Soriano, Carmen de Mendoza

{"title":"Is SARS-CoV-2 the only cause of long-COVID?","authors":"Ilduara Pintos-Pascual, Victor Moreno-Torres, Fatima Ibánez-Estéllez, Pilar Corrales-Rodriguez, Ana Treviño, Manuel Corpas, Octavio Corral, Vicente Soriano, Carmen de Mendoza","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.22000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.22000025","url":null,"abstract":"Around 10% of adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 that survive a first episode of COVID-19 appear to experience long-term clinical manifestations. The signs and symptoms of this post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) include fatigue, dyspnea, joint pain, myalgia, chest pain, cough, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, depression, anxiety, memory loss, concentration difficulties, and insomnia. These sequelae remind the constellation of clinical manifestations previously recognized as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). This condition has been described following distinct infectious events, mostly acute viral illnesses. In this way, the pathophysiology of PACS might overlap with mechanisms involved in other post-infectious fatigue syndromes. The risk of PACS is more frequent in women than men. Additional host genetic factors could be involved. There is a dysregulation of multiple body organs and systems, involving the immune system, the coagulation cascade, endocrine organs, autonomic nervous system, microbiota-gut-brain axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, etc. Hypothetically, an abnormal response to certain infectious agents could trigger the development of postinfectious fatigue syndromes.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":"24 4","pages":"183-196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10460099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Envisioning hepatitis delta cure without functional hepatitis B cure. 设想没有功能性乙型肝炎治疗的丁型肝炎治疗。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000056

Vicente Soriano, Carmen de Mendoza, Pablo Barreiro

引用次数: 0

Controversy around SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections. 关于SARS-CoV-2再感染的争议。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000058

Pablo Barreiro

引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia in people living with HIV. A review. 艾滋病毒感染者的肌肉减少症。复习一下。