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The use of 'sex' and 'gender' in medical research. 在医学研究中使用'sex'和'gender'。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.23000012
Carlos Chiclana-Actis, Vicente Soriano
{"title":"The use of 'sex' and 'gender' in medical research.","authors":"Carlos Chiclana-Actis,&nbsp;Vicente Soriano","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.23000012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.23000012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a widespread practice of using 'sex' and 'gender' interchangeably. The World Health Organization considers that they are not. It defines sex as a set of chromosome-dependent biological variables that show unique hormone profiles and anatomy. Conversely, gender refers to socially constructed sex attributions with differential roles, behavioral expressions, identity, etc. Researchers and institutions have proposed guidelines to ensure that good science is not compromised by ideologies, media or social pressures, morality, religion or economic interests. Sex differences are immune to any ideology or socio-cultural interest, because they are governed by biologically determined genetic parameters. Considering men and women to be alike is very valuable from a moral or social perspective, but ignoring differences could be wrong and unacceptable from a biomedical perspective. The organization of health and/or research systems that does not consider the different morbidity, evolution or treatment response depending on sex would generate biases and mistakes. To work on medical innovation with a gender perspective should need to take sex differences into account and integrate them properly, recognizing diversity. The controversy is not just about sex or gender, but about sex and gender and how they may influence each other. Maintaining a scientific and academic approach will help both to advance science and enrich laws and/or ideologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10019095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is SARS-CoV-2 the only cause of long-COVID? SARS-CoV-2是长covid的唯一原因吗?
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.22000025
Ilduara Pintos-Pascual, Victor Moreno-Torres, Fatima Ibánez-Estéllez, Pilar Corrales-Rodriguez, Ana Treviño, Manuel Corpas, Octavio Corral, Vicente Soriano, Carmen de Mendoza
{"title":"Is SARS-CoV-2 the only cause of long-COVID?","authors":"Ilduara Pintos-Pascual,&nbsp;Victor Moreno-Torres,&nbsp;Fatima Ibánez-Estéllez,&nbsp;Pilar Corrales-Rodriguez,&nbsp;Ana Treviño,&nbsp;Manuel Corpas,&nbsp;Octavio Corral,&nbsp;Vicente Soriano,&nbsp;Carmen de Mendoza","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.22000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.22000025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Around 10% of adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 that survive a first episode of COVID-19 appear to experience long-term clinical manifestations. The signs and symptoms of this post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) include fatigue, dyspnea, joint pain, myalgia, chest pain, cough, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, depression, anxiety, memory loss, concentration difficulties, and insomnia. These sequelae remind the constellation of clinical manifestations previously recognized as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). This condition has been described following distinct infectious events, mostly acute viral illnesses. In this way, the pathophysiology of PACS might overlap with mechanisms involved in other post-infectious fatigue syndromes. The risk of PACS is more frequent in women than men. Additional host genetic factors could be involved. There is a dysregulation of multiple body organs and systems, involving the immune system, the coagulation cascade, endocrine organs, autonomic nervous system, microbiota-gut-brain axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, etc. Hypothetically, an abnormal response to certain infectious agents could trigger the development of postinfectious fatigue syndromes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10460099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Envisioning hepatitis delta cure without functional hepatitis B cure. 设想没有功能性乙型肝炎治疗的丁型肝炎治疗。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000056
Vicente Soriano, Carmen de Mendoza, Pablo Barreiro
{"title":"Envisioning hepatitis delta cure without functional hepatitis B cure.","authors":"Vicente Soriano,&nbsp;Carmen de Mendoza,&nbsp;Pablo Barreiro","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10474117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Controversy around SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections. 关于SARS-CoV-2再感染的争议。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000058
Pablo Barreiro
{"title":"Controversy around SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections.","authors":"Pablo Barreiro","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10474116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sarcopenia in people living with HIV. A review. 艾滋病毒感染者的肌肉减少症。复习一下。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.22000010
Paola Conde-Higuera, José J Garduño-García, Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft, Gloria G Peña-Ordónez, Gabriel G Huitrón-Bravo
{"title":"Sarcopenia in people living with HIV. A review.","authors":"Paola Conde-Higuera,&nbsp;José J Garduño-García,&nbsp;Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft,&nbsp;Gloria G Peña-Ordónez,&nbsp;Gabriel G Huitrón-Bravo","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.22000010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.22000010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this review is to know the current status of sarcopenia in people living with acquired immunodeficiency virus, as well as predictors, prevalence, and associated factors. Searches were done in PubMed, Scielo, and ScienceDirect databases (January 2010 to August 2021), using predefined search terms. Prevalence, intervention, and meta-analysis studies investigating sarcopenia or muscle mass and function in people living with Human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) were selected. We identified reports of high prevalence and increased risk for sarcopenia due to factors such as prolonged exposure to antiretroviral drugs, lack of physical activity, central obesity, drug use, and other sociodemographic factors, as well as disease duration. HIV should be considered a risk factor for sarcopenia, and evaluation of sarcopenia should be included as part of the comprehensive medical care of PLHIV. Forceful actions are required to prevent muscle weakness, especially in stages before old age with actions aimed at preserving strength and function.</p>","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10476116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship between cytokine storm and SARS-CoV-2 infection's worsening. 细胞因子风暴与SARS-CoV-2感染恶化的关系
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.21000070
Baya Guermouche, Majda Dali-Sahi, Nouria Dennouni-Medjati, Youssouf Kachekouche, Hafida Merzouk
{"title":"Relationship between cytokine storm and SARS-CoV-2 infection's worsening.","authors":"Baya Guermouche,&nbsp;Majda Dali-Sahi,&nbsp;Nouria Dennouni-Medjati,&nbsp;Youssouf Kachekouche,&nbsp;Hafida Merzouk","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.21000070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.21000070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39762465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Humanized mouse models for preclinical evaluation of HIV cure strategies. 用于HIV治疗策略临床前评估的人源化小鼠模型。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.22000013
Sally Fraker, Benjamin Atkinson, Alonso Heredia
{"title":"Humanized mouse models for preclinical evaluation of HIV cure strategies.","authors":"Sally Fraker,&nbsp;Benjamin Atkinson,&nbsp;Alonso Heredia","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.22000013","DOIUrl":"10.24875/AIDSRev.22000013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the world is currently focused on the COVID-19 pandemic, HIV/AIDS remains a significant threat to public health. To date, the HIV/AIDS pandemic has claimed the lives of over 36 million people, while nearly 38 million people are currently living with the virus. Despite the undeniable success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in controlling HIV, the medications are not curative. Soon after initial infection, HIV integrates into the genome of infected cells as a provirus, primarily, within CD4+ T lymphocytes and tissue macrophages. When not actively transcribed, the provirus is referred to as a latent reservoir because it is hidden to the immune system and ART. Following ART discontinuation, HIV may emerge from the replication-competent proviruses and resumes the infection of healthy cells. Thus, these latent reservoirs are a major obstacle to an HIV cure, and their removal remains a priority. A vital aspect in the development of curative therapies is the demonstration of efficacy in an animal model, such as the humanized mouse model. Therefore, optimization, standardization, and validation of the humanized mouse model are a priority. The purpose of this review article is to provide an update on existing humanized mouse models, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each as they pertain to HIV cure studies and to review the approaches to curative therapies that are under investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9643647/pdf/nihms-1843095.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42068790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A cure for HIV on the horizon. 治愈艾滋病毒的方法即将问世。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.24875/aidsrev.m22000048
A. Treviño, V. Soriano
{"title":"A cure for HIV on the horizon.","authors":"A. Treviño, V. Soriano","doi":"10.24875/aidsrev.m22000048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/aidsrev.m22000048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45821355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
News from CROI 2022 - caveats using antiretrovirals as HIV prophylaxis. 来自CROI 2022的新闻-使用抗逆转录病毒药物作为艾滋病毒预防的警告。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.24875/aidsrev.m22000049
P. Barreiro, V. Soriano
{"title":"News from CROI 2022 - caveats using antiretrovirals as HIV prophylaxis.","authors":"P. Barreiro, V. Soriano","doi":"10.24875/aidsrev.m22000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/aidsrev.m22000049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45038053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Research progress on HIV-1 immune escape mechanisms. HIV-1免疫逃逸机制研究进展。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.21000068
Yuanxi Meng, Ji-Xin Zhong, Yanhan Lv, Wei Zou
{"title":"Research progress on HIV-1 immune escape mechanisms.","authors":"Yuanxi Meng, Ji-Xin Zhong, Yanhan Lv, Wei Zou","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.21000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.21000068","url":null,"abstract":"Although highly active antiretroviral therapy has transformed HIV-1 infection into a manageable chronic disease, the development of an effective vaccine is still an important and challengeable research field of HIV-1 treatment. The challenge arises from an enormous diversity of HIV-1 strains and their rapid evolution ahead of effective immune responses. HIV-1 evasion from host immunity contributes to viral spread and pathogenesis, thus understanding the mechanisms of HIV-1 immune evasion is important. In this review, we summarized our present knowledge on the mechanisms how HIV-1 escapes immune responses. Such knowledge will help with the design of effective vaccines capable of inducing immune control of HIV-1.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47879572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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