Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie最新文献_第3页

A field comparison of seven diagnostic techniques for human trypanosomiasis in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia. 赞比亚卢安瓜谷地七种人类锥虫病诊断技术的现场比较

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-09-01

P Dukes, L R Rickman, R Killick-Kendrick, I Kakoma, F K Wurapa, P de Raadt, R Morrow

{"title":"A field comparison of seven diagnostic techniques for human trypanosomiasis in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia.","authors":"P Dukes, L R Rickman, R Killick-Kendrick, I Kakoma, F K Wurapa, P de Raadt, R Morrow","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"One serological and six parasitological techniques for diagnosing human trypanosomiasis were compared with regard to sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and practicality in field application in the Luangwa Valley of Zambia. Seven (0.64%) trypanosomiasis cases were diagnosed parasitologically in a survey of 1093 people from 19 villages. The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was more sensitive but less specific than the parasitological techniques, detecting 71% of the confirmed cases in the first round of testing. Rat inoculation, the Giemsa stained thick film and miniature anion-exchange/centrifugation (mAEC) were all more sensitive than wet blood film examination, microhaematocrit centrifugation and wet film examination of the buffy coat after microhaematocrit centrifugation. The comparison indicated that the most effective, practical combination of techniques for survey in the Luangwa Valley was IFAT screening followed by examination of seropositive patients by rat inoculation and the mAEC (or stained thick film) in parallel format. Calculation of positive and negative predictive values showed that trypanosomiasis point prevalence measured in this way would still be underestimated by approximately 60%, indicating the need to improve IFAT specificity and parasitological sensitivity. Although only one of the seven patients diagnosed in the survey presented with signs and symptoms indicating possible trypanosomiasis, no evidence of a population of \"healthy carriers\" was found.","PeriodicalId":76764,"journal":{"name":"Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie","volume":"35 3","pages":"141-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17273124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrospective long-term study of effects of berenil by follow-up of patients treated since 1965. 通过对1965年以来治疗的患者的随访，对berenil的疗效进行回顾性长期研究。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-09-01

D E Abaru, D A Liwo, D Isakina, E E Okori

引用次数: 0

Nephrotic syndrome in Zaire. Morphological and aetiological aspects. 扎伊尔的肾病综合征。形态学和病原学方面。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-09-01

M Pakasa, M R Kalengayi

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of immunoassays for diagnosis and management of sleeping sickness in Liberia. 利比里亚昏睡病诊断和管理免疫测定的评价。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-09-01

J Knobloch, F Tischendorf, J König, D Mehlitz

引用次数: 0

Onchocerciasis in Venezuela: prevalence of microfilaraemia in Amerindians and morphological characteristics of the microfilariae from the Upper Orinoco Focus. 委内瑞拉盘尾丝虫病:美洲印第安人微丝虫病的流行和上奥里诺科河焦点微丝虫病的形态特征。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-09-01

C Botto, M Arango, L Yarzábal

{"title":"Onchocerciasis in Venezuela: prevalence of microfilaraemia in Amerindians and morphological characteristics of the microfilariae from the Upper Orinoco Focus.","authors":"C Botto, M Arango, L Yarzábal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Data are presented on microfilaraemia in 191 Yanomami Amerindians from two areas of Venezuela's Upper Orinoco Basin, where an endemic focus of onchocerciasis has been recently detected. Onchocerca microfilariae were found in the blood of 12.6% of the persons examined. In the village with the higher number of examined individuals (N = 162), the prevalence of microfilaraemia in the age groups covaried with the prevalence of microfilariae in the skin and with the parasite load (mf/mg of skin). A positive correlation was found between age and these three variables. The prevalence of Onchocerca microfilaraemia in the Upper Orinoco focus is high, and may be related to the ability of the strain to invade the blood stream. Morphobiometric characteristics of the Onchocerca microfilariae isolated from human blood are similar to those of O. volvulus fixed in formalin from skin and from the uterus of female O. volvulus worms. All have a very short cephalic space. Comparisons with the entity from the Upper Caura river designated as Microfilaria bolivarensis were also made. It was concluded that there are no valid biometric differences in thick blood smears between microfilaria bolivarensis and microfilaria of O. volvulus from the Upper Orinoco deme. A more striking difference may be in the concentration of microfilariae observed in the blood, which in one case of mf. bolivarensis was more than forty times the highest number recorded for microfilaria O. volvulus in Parima.","PeriodicalId":76764,"journal":{"name":"Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie","volume":"35 3","pages":"167-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17551763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic selection for tolerance to niclosamide and copper in Biomphalara glabrata (Mollusca: Pulmonata). 光斑生物对氯硝柳胺和铜的耐受性的遗传选择。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-09-01

J T Sullivan, T C Cheng, C C Chen

引用次数: 0

Interaction of amoscanate with the cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterases from Schistosoma mansoni, Onchocerca volvulus and bovine heart. amoscanate与曼氏血吸虫、盘尾丝虫和牛心脏中环amp -磷酸二酯酶的相互作用。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-06-01

R D Walter, E J Albiez

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of antibodies against respiratory viruses in children of Koulikoro (Mali). 库利科罗(马里)儿童呼吸道病毒抗体流行率

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-06-01

W Ehrengut, D E Sarateanu, A AgRhaly, B Koumaré, S Y Simaga, D Diallo

{"title":"Prevalence of antibodies against respiratory viruses in children of Koulikoro (Mali).","authors":"W Ehrengut, D E Sarateanu, A AgRhaly, B Koumaré, S Y Simaga, D Diallo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of antibodies to viruses associated with respiratory illnesses (influenza, corona, R.S., adeno, parainfluenza Mycoplasma pneumoniae) has been investigated in 119 children under 3 years of age (Koulikoro region Mali) and 50 persons 15-19 years of age (Bamako/Mali). In the surveillance period (March 1982-September 1982) an outbreak of respiratory disease in association with RS virus took place. A rise of CF titer has been found in 90.8% of the children; 59.1% of them presented a fourfold or greater increase of titer. The GMT values rose from 1:7 to 1:48. Concerning influenza viruses a higher incidence of positive reactions has been observed only for H3N2 viruses. A fourfold CF rise of titer has been observed for adenovirus and mycoplasma pneumoniae in 3 cases each, for parainfluenza type I and III in 2 cases each, and for parainfluenza II in 1 case. In persons 15-19 years of age the incidence of positive CF reactions was relatively high (68%-98%), but the GMT values were moderate (1:12-1:25). These data confirm that the frequency of viral respiratory diseases is the same in tropical countries as in countries with a temperate climate.","PeriodicalId":76764,"journal":{"name":"Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie","volume":"35 2","pages":"119-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17154570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serodiagnosis of human onchocerciasis: evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of a purified Litomosoides carinii adult worm antigen. 人盘尾丝虫病的血清学诊断:纯化的卡氏绒蚧成虫抗原的敏感性和特异性评价。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-06-01

A Klenk, E Geyer, H Zahner

{"title":"Serodiagnosis of human onchocerciasis: evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of a purified Litomosoides carinii adult worm antigen.","authors":"A Klenk, E Geyer, H Zahner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitivity and specificity of a Litomosoides carinii macrofilariae aqueous crude extract and a purified antigen which was isolated by preparative flat bed electrofocusing, were evaluated for the immunodiagnosis of human onchocerciasis in 3 serological tests: Double diffusion test (DT), latex agglutination test (LAT) and ELISA. Testing sera from proven cases of onchocerciasis (n = 28), loiasis (n = 4) filariasis bancrofti (n = 4), and other non filarial helminth infections (n = 29) in all tests the purified antigen was clearly more sensitive and specific. Testing onchocerciasis sera highest sensitivity was found by ELISA (92.9%) followed by latex agglutination test (89.3%) and double diffusion test (82.1%). Specificity controls of the purified antigen with sera from patients with helminth infections others than filariases led to 0% (DT), 6.9% (LAT) and 10.3% (ELISA) false positive reactions. When the 3 tests were used in combination in a way that at least two positive reactions in different tests were regarded as necessary to declare a serum as positive, sensitivity increased to 100% and unspecific reactions were found only testing one serum (3.4%) originating from a case of cystic echinococcosis.","PeriodicalId":76764,"journal":{"name":"Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie","volume":"35 2","pages":"81-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17269894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of selected anthelmintic compounds for activity against Opisthorchis viverrini. 部分驱虫化合物对猪腹蛇的活性评价。

Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie Pub Date : 1984-06-01

A Tawatsin, S Sirisinha, S Vajrasthira, D Bunnag, T Harinasuta

{"title":"Evaluation of selected anthelmintic compounds for activity against Opisthorchis viverrini.","authors":"A Tawatsin, S Sirisinha, S Vajrasthira, D Bunnag, T Harinasuta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro and in vivo experiments were employed in the screening of potential anthelmintic agents against Opisthorchis viverrini infection in hamsters. A few selected groups of compounds tested included those that are commercially available as well as those that are still being tested by various pharmaceutical firms. The compounds tested in the present study were praziquantel, amoscanate, albendazole, flubendazole, metrifonate, metronidazole and benzodiazepine derivatives. Results from both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that at the dosages employed, praziquantel was the only one that gave complete cure, as judged from faecal egg examination and worm recovery at the time of sacrifice. It was therapeutically effective against different developmental stages of O. viverrini including the metacercariae. Moreover, the drug was also effective as a chemoprophylactic agent when given 6 to 12 hr prior to being exposed to infective metacercariae. Other compounds tested were considerably less active although some might have permanently damaged the fluke reproductive capacity, while others were able to suppress egg-laying capacity only temporarily. Together, results suggests that the ineffectiveness of most agents tested in this study is not related to their inability to attain concentrations high enough to kill or damage the flukes in the biliary system but is most likely due the inherent lack of capacity to kill the flukes.","PeriodicalId":76764,"journal":{"name":"Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie","volume":"35 2","pages":"85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17521880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0