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The British journal of social and clinical psychology最新文献

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Salience, centrality and self-relevance of traits in construing others. 特质在建构他人时的显著性、中心性与自我关联性。
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1974-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00098.X
N. Lemon, N. Warren
{"title":"Salience, centrality and self-relevance of traits in construing others.","authors":"N. Lemon, N. Warren","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00098.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00098.X","url":null,"abstract":"Salient traits were hypothesized as having importance for the individual in two respects: (i) because they allow more effective inferences to other traits (centrality); (ii) because they are typically used in characterizing the self, and thus afford self-other comparison (self-relevance). The study reported assessed the differences between salient and non-salient traits on measures of centrality and self-relevance, and found support for both hypotheses. Centrality and self-relevance appeared to be relatively distinct features of salient traits, in that the overlap between them was fairly small. Other aspects of the data are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"70 1","pages":"119-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76825317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 60
Effect of Type and Size of Family on Risk-taking Behaviour 家庭类型和规模对冒险行为的影响
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1974-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00871.X
N. P. Chaubey
{"title":"Effect of Type and Size of Family on Risk-taking Behaviour","authors":"N. P. Chaubey","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00871.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00871.X","url":null,"abstract":"In an attempt to explain cross-cultural differences in results of research relating family environment to achievement motivation and risk-taking behaviour, the differing conceptions of a ‘family’ and the resulting effects on risk-taking behaviour are examined in this study. Risk-taking scores from 75 Indian boys, belonging to joint or nuclear families of variable size, were obtained through the use of the ‘Ball-and-Glass’ game. Results did not show a consistent or strong relationship between nuclear, small family membership and intermediate risk-taking, as is often found in Western countries. Thus different conceptions of the term ‘family’ do not seem likely to account for the cross-cultural differences in research results. Future research directed at explaining these differences might examine the variable child-rearing practices in conjunction with the family type and size distinctions between Western and Eastern countries.","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"13 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81861240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Overcoming the ‘Subject Artifacts’: A Critique 克服“主体工件”:一种批判
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1974-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00870.X
A. Kruglanski, Zohar Eilam
{"title":"Overcoming the ‘Subject Artifacts’: A Critique","authors":"A. Kruglanski, Zohar Eilam","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00870.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00870.X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts a critical survey of the various methodological innovations aimed at counteracting the ‘subject artifacts’ thought to be present in the typical experiment in psychology, primarily on account of (1) the practice of non-representative sampling and (2) a failure to consider the several contaminating motivations aroused in the subjects of psychological research. It is argued that (1) efforts aimed at the elimination of selection biases are misapplied, being founded in an altogether unreasonable approach to scientific inquiry; (2) the various proposed modifications in research procedures intending to circumvent the motivational artifacts are themselves beset by serious difficulties and are likely to lessen rather than enhance the quality of data obtained in psychological research.","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"141 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77409061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Group Data, Individual Behaviour: A Methodological Note 群体数据，个体行为:方法说明
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1974-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00883.X
M. Hyland, H. Foot
{"title":"Group Data, Individual Behaviour: A Methodological Note","authors":"M. Hyland, H. Foot","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00883.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00883.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"19 1","pages":"93-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80968473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Effects of Dominance and Competence on Heterosexual Attraction 优势和能力对异性吸引的影响
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1974-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00872.X
J. Touhey
{"title":"Effects of Dominance and Competence on Heterosexual Attraction","authors":"J. Touhey","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00872.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00872.X","url":null,"abstract":"To clarify previous findings concerning the relationship between physical dominance and heterosexual attraction, 40 unacquainted couples worked as partners on a problem-solving task. Couples performed the task with the male physically or verbally dominating his partner, and the couples were led to believe that their success on the task was markedly above or below average. Findings showed that females were more attracted to competent rather than incompetent partners (P <0.001), but that mode of dominance interacted with competence, with physically dominant and competent males liked most and physically dominant and incompetent partners liked least (P 0.05). The findings are interpreted in the context of social power and non-verbal behaviour and they re-emphasize the need to examine situational determinants of interpersonal attraction.","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"9 1","pages":"22-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88844569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
A Note on Sex Differences on the Semantic Differential 论语义差异的性别差异
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1974-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00874.X
P. Miller
{"title":"A Note on Sex Differences on the Semantic Differential","authors":"P. Miller","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00874.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1974.TB00874.X","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred and forty-five male and 129 female university students made Semantic Differential ratings of eight concepts concerned with education on Osgood's evlauation, potency and activity factors (Osgood et al., 1957). In 23 cases out of 24 the women's means were higher than the men's. This held good in 16 cases when the comparisons were restricted to subjects whose ratings were opposite to the general trend. When the activity and potency findings were adjusted for evaluation many of the differences on these two factors were greatly reduced. It is suggested that greater need for social approval rather than greater impulsivity in adult women may account for Semantic Differential sex differences.","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":"33-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89502323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Wilson‐Patterson Conservatism Scale: A Reappraisal 威尔逊-帕特森保守主义量表:重新评估
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00091.X
A. Robertson, R. Cochrane
{"title":"The Wilson‐Patterson Conservatism Scale: A Reappraisal","authors":"A. Robertson, R. Cochrane","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00091.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00091.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":"428-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75382361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
East African Undergraduates' Attitudes Concerning the Concept: Intelligence 东非大学生对智力概念的态度
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00092.X
M. Wober
{"title":"East African Undergraduates' Attitudes Concerning the Concept: Intelligence","authors":"M. Wober","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00092.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00092.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"57 1","pages":"431-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78732278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
A Psychophysical Investigation of the Influence of Attitude on the Judgement of Social Stimuli 态度对社会刺激判断影响的心理物理研究
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00080.X
R. S. Fraser, B. Stacey
{"title":"A Psychophysical Investigation of the Influence of Attitude on the Judgement of Social Stimuli","authors":"R. S. Fraser, B. Stacey","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00080.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00080.X","url":null,"abstract":"The often reported finding that a person's attitude on an issue can be a potent influence on judgements relating to that issue is discussed with reference to three theories of social judgement—assimilation contrast, adaptation-level, and variable perspective. It is pointed out that the study of social judgement has been dominated by the measurement technique of equal-appearing intervals, and that this domination has led to a potentially biased and restricted view of judgemental processes. In an attempt to remove such restriction an investigation is reported which extends the study of social judgement by utilizing some of the newer techniques of psychophysical scaling. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000A sample of students judged 18 statements with respect to statement favourability toward the church. Four scales—partition (equal-appearing intervals), confusion (based on the method of successive categories), magnitude estimation and ratio estimation—were derived from the judgemental data. When the subjects were divided into five groups on the basis of their own religious attitudes it was found that the more favourable the attitude of subjects towards the church (1) the higher are their ratings of statements expressing favourable opinions about the church and (2) the lower their ratings of statements expressing neutral or unfavourable opinions about the church. Although some differences between the partition, confusion, magnitude estimation and ratio estimation scales were found concerning the extent of these two effects, the general pattern for all four scales was similar. It is concluded that the adaptation-level and variable perspective theories are inadequate to account for the results. The third, assimilation contrast theory, is seen to fit the pattern of results reasonably well.","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"65 1","pages":"337-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83569181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Judgement of Attitude Statements as a Function of Judges' Attitudes and the Judgemental Dimension 态度陈述的判断:法官态度的函数与判断维度
The British journal of social and clinical psychology Pub Date : 1973-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00063.X
J. Eiser
{"title":"Judgement of Attitude Statements as a Function of Judges' Attitudes and the Judgemental Dimension","authors":"J. Eiser","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00063.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8260.1973.TB00063.X","url":null,"abstract":"Judges were required to rate 30 statements concerning drug use on each of five Thurstone-type scales. On two of these scales the ‘pro-drug’ extreme was labelled by a term with relatively negative value connotations, and on the other three scales by a term with relatively positive value connotations. The results supported the hypothesis that judges would tend to show a relatively high degree of polarization in their ratings along scales where their own position lay closer to the positively valued end of the scale, and a relatively low degree of polarization along scales where their own position lay closer to the negative end. These differences were independent of a tendency for some judges, irrespective of their own attitude, to give more extreme ratings than other judges on all five scales.","PeriodicalId":76614,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of social and clinical psychology","volume":"48 1","pages":"231-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88372653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
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