American journal of public health最新文献_第3页

Sustainability of the Growth of the Local Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2019-2022. 2019-2022年COVID-19大流行期间当地公共卫生人力增长的可持续性

IF 9.6 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2025.308096

Krishna Patel, Timothy C McCall, Margaret Cunningham, Chloe Garofalini, Joi Lee, Aaron A Alford

{"title":"Sustainability of the Growth of the Local Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2019-2022.","authors":"Krishna Patel, Timothy C McCall, Margaret Cunningham, Chloe Garofalini, Joi Lee, Aaron A Alford","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308096","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308096","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To explore whether and how the local health department (LHD) workforce shifted during the COVID-19 pandemic given the large influx of supplemental funding to public health. Methods. We used data from the National Association of County and City Health Officials National Profile of Local Health Departments, the main source of comprehensive data collected from LHDs across the United States. Total numbers of employees, total numbers of full-time equivalents (FTEs), and employee types (full time, part time, contractual, and seasonal) were used to estimate the total LHD workforce in 2022, changes in the LHD workforce from 2019 to 2022, and changes in the LHD workforce from 2019 to 2022 by employee type. Results. In 2022, the estimated LHD workforce consisted of 182 100 employees or 163 200 FTEs. Between 2019 and 2022, there was a 19% increase in the total LHD workforce, but the size of the workforce varied according to jurisdiction size and rurality. The largest increase was among contract workers (175%), whereas the full-time workforce grew by approximately 7%, indicating that the permanent workforce was predominantly unchanged. Conclusions. With the surge in temporary and contract workers in 2022, there are concerns regarding the sustainability of the LHD workforce. Without continued strategic and sustained funding across jurisdiction types, the workforce may be in jeopardy. (Am J Public Health. 2025;115(8):1271-1277. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308096).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1271-1277"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Anti-LGBTQ+ Legislation on Mental Health and Substance Use and HIV Prevention and Care Among Gay and Bisexual Men in Kenya. 肯尼亚反lgbtq +立法对同性恋和双性恋男性心理健康和物质使用以及艾滋病毒预防和护理的影响

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308097

Gary W Harper,Elijah Ochieng Odhiambo,Laura Jadwin-Cakmak,Felix Odhiambo Okuta,Kenneth Bauman,Kennedy Otieno Olango,Darius M Moore,Edwin Gumbe,Teddy Aloo,Sophia A Hussen

引用次数: 0

The AIDS Drug Assistance Program Is a Model for Chronic Disease Treatment Support. 艾滋病药物援助计划是慢性病治疗支持的典范。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308189

Julia C Dombrowski,Adam Thompson,Judith Feinberg

引用次数: 0

Fleeting Fixes, Fractured Systems: Confronting the Continuing Crisis of the Public Health Workforce. 短暂的修复，断裂的系统：面对公共卫生劳动力的持续危机。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308184

Brian C Castrucci

引用次数: 0

Health Hazards of Migration in People Seeking Asylum in New York City, 2023. 纽约市寻求庇护者移民的健康危害，2023。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308065

Christian Olivo-Freites,Patricia Miguez-Arosemena,Andrés Henao-Martínez,Jose Antonio Suarez,Carlos Franco-Paredes,Deborah Edelman,Cristina Olivo-Freites,Jennifer Marquez,Carlos Plazola,Kayla Leschly,Jayme Leschly,Nathan Gundacker,Amir M Mohareb

{"title":"Health Hazards of Migration in People Seeking Asylum in New York City, 2023.","authors":"Christian Olivo-Freites,Patricia Miguez-Arosemena,Andrés Henao-Martínez,Jose Antonio Suarez,Carlos Franco-Paredes,Deborah Edelman,Cristina Olivo-Freites,Jennifer Marquez,Carlos Plazola,Kayla Leschly,Jayme Leschly,Nathan Gundacker,Amir M Mohareb","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308065","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To identify hazardous migration experiences among asylum seekers and associations with psychiatric illness. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study of asylum seekers in a federally qualified health center in New York City from January 1 to November 30, 2023, to determine the frequency of and factors associated with hazardous migration events: physical or sexual assault, kidnapping, extortion, illnesses, and incarceration. Results. Of 530 people (median age = 28 years, 55.5% female), most were from Venezuela (38.5%), Ecuador (20.0%), and other countries in South America (27.0%). They reported physical assault (24.9%), sexual assault (1.9%), kidnapping (4.7%), extortion (48.3%), and illness (19.4%) during migration. Crossing the Darien Gap was independently associated with experiencing physical or sexual violence (as a composite outcome, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.71; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47, 5.10), illness (AOR = 3.71; 95% CI = 1.70, 8.58), and extortion (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.12, 3.34). Among adults, 10.7% (95% CI = 7.7%, 14.3%) were diagnosed with psychiatric illness during their initial evaluation, and this was more common in those who were incarcerated in immigration detention centers (OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.13, 3.66). Conclusions. Asylum seekers journeying through the Darien Gap frequently encounter hazardous traumatic events. Detention by immigration authorities is associated with psychiatric illnesses. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print July 10, 2025:e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308065).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"23 1","pages":"e1-e9"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental Health of Emerging Adults in New York City in 2023. 2023年纽约市新生成人的心理健康

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308163

Rachel Suss,Jo-Anne Caton,Melanie Close,Dewi Sihaloho,Ellenie Tuazon,Christina Norman

{"title":"Mental Health of Emerging Adults in New York City in 2023.","authors":"Rachel Suss,Jo-Anne Caton,Melanie Close,Dewi Sihaloho,Ellenie Tuazon,Christina Norman","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308163","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To investigate the prevalence of serious psychological distress (SPD), mental health treatment, unmet need for mental health treatment, social isolation, and barriers to treatment access among emerging adults, aged 18 to 24 years, and compared with older adults. Methods. We use data from the New York City (NYC) Neighborhood Wellness Survey (2023), a representative survey of adults in NYC (n = 43 606), to calculate weighted prevalence estimates and fit logistic regression models controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Results. Emerging adults had higher odds of SPD and social isolation than adults aged 35 to 44 years, 45 to 64 years, and 65 years or older, and lower odds of past-year mental health treatment among those with SPD compared with all other age groups. Emerging adults reported different reasons for unmet need for mental health treatment than other age groups. Among emerging adults, individuals who identified as noncisgender, bisexual, or unsure of their sexual orientation, or who experienced financial strain, violence, or discrimination, had poorer mental health outcomes. Conclusions. These findings demonstrate the need for expanded efforts to increase mental health treatment access focused on those aged 18 to 24 years, as their needs may differ from those of other age groups. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print July 10, 2025:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308163).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"26 1","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Vulnerability and Racial Disparities in Depression Screening of US Adolescents, 2016 to 2021. 2016年至2021年美国青少年抑郁症筛查中的社会脆弱性和种族差异

IF 9.6 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2025.308149

Kathleen Galper, Jillian M Rung, Amber Shergill, Tyson S Barrett, Demetrios Marousis, Emily Brignone

{"title":"Social Vulnerability and Racial Disparities in Depression Screening of US Adolescents, 2016 to 2021.","authors":"Kathleen Galper, Jillian M Rung, Amber Shergill, Tyson S Barrett, Demetrios Marousis, Emily Brignone","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308149","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To identify whether sociodemographic disparities exist by evaluating the association between rates of adolescent depression screening, social risk, and race. Methods. We used a US nationwide sample of Highmark Health privately insured adolescents between 2016 and 2021 to estimate the odds of well-visit depression screening receipt as a function of social factors (Social Vulnerability Index [SVI], predicted race). Results. Higher SVI was negatively associated with odds of screening and depended on predicted Black race (P for interaction < .01). Provider type was a strong predictor of screening, with pediatricians more likely to screen than other generalist specialties (odds ratio = 9.64; 95% confidence interval = 9.11, 10.2). Inclusion of variation at the practice location level attenuated the relationship with SVI and accounted for a large proportion of variability in screening (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.76), although SVI remained significant ( P < .01). Conclusions. Adolescents are more likely to receive a depression screen if they reside in lower social-risk locations or, if likely to identify as Black, higher social-risk locations. Ultimately, screening has strong ties to where an adolescent lives and the type of provider they access. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print July 3, 2025:e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308149).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e9"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

School Nurses: An Upstream Investment for Achieving Menstrual Equity. 学校护士：实现月经公平的上游投资。

IF 9.6 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2025.308183

Sadie Bergen, Erin D Maughan, Molly Secor, Karen E Johnson, Robin Cogan, Marni Sommer

引用次数: 0

Critical Reflections From the Black Women First Initiative. 黑人妇女优先运动的批判性反思。

IF 9.6 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2025.308138

Linda S Sprague Martinez, Judith C Scott, Melanie Rocco, Masill Miranda, Cynthia Tucker, Angela Wangari Walter

{"title":"Critical Reflections From the Black Women First Initiative.","authors":"Linda S Sprague Martinez, Judith C Scott, Melanie Rocco, Masill Miranda, Cynthia Tucker, Angela Wangari Walter","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308138","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020, the Health Resources and Services Administration launched the first initiative focused on Black women in nearly 40 years of the HIV epidemic: the Black Women First initiative. A critical step toward advancing racial equity, the initiative addressed the health and social needs of diverse Black women in HIV care and treatment. In this essay, we posit that the disproportionate burden of HIV/AIDS experienced by Black women is rooted in racism, not race. Using critical reflexivity and the Public Health Critical Race praxis, we critically discuss the Black Women First initiative's framing and components, the factors contributing to successes and challenges, opportunities to deepen efforts, and recommendations to focus on dismantling racism in future efforts addressing care and treatment for Black women with HIV. We reflect on how racism was challenged through the involvement of Black women with lived experiences and racial justice organizations, although racism was not a focus of the initiative. Advancing the health of Black women with HIV needs a comprehensive and critical approach that addresses racism by changing intervention funding, service delivery, and the measurement of success. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print July 3, 2025:e1-e8. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308138).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e8"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Violence and Depression Among Adolescent Boys in Soweto, South Africa, 2020‒2023. 2020-2023年南非索韦托青少年男孩的暴力和抑郁

IF 9.6 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2025.308164

Elizabeth M Inman, Given Leshabane, Alisa Kalegina, Avy Violari, Rachel Kidman

{"title":"Violence and Depression Among Adolescent Boys in Soweto, South Africa, 2020‒2023.","authors":"Elizabeth M Inman, Given Leshabane, Alisa Kalegina, Avy Violari, Rachel Kidman","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308164","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To identify if violence is associated with adolescent depression by leveraging data from a longitudinal, repeated measures study among adolescent boys from an underrepresented context. Methods. South African adolescent boys (n = 498) enrolled between 2020 and 2023. Participants reported lifetime violence exposure and depression symptoms at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Over the study year, participants reported past-week violence exposure and past-24-hour psychological distress in weekly mobile surveys. We used 4 sets of longitudinal analyses to test associations between violence and depression symptoms, examining the influence of violence type and timing. Results. Participants reported high levels of violence and distress. Lifetime violence exposure was associated with increased distress over the study year. Ongoing, cumulative exposure to violence was associated with distress over time and depression at follow-up. Past-week victimization was associated with immediate increases in distress. Emotional victimization demonstrated particularly strong associations with mental health. Conclusions. We found evidence of a relationship between violence exposure and depression in adolescent boys. Multilayered interventions to reduce violence in the lives of boys and young men are necessary to address the mental health crisis. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print July 3, 2025:e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308164).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e9"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0