American journal of public health最新文献_第3页

Homeless Encampment Closures Before and After City of Grants Pass v Johnson. 格兰特市通过诉约翰逊案前后无家可归者营地关闭。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-28 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308473

Prabhleen Kaur, C J Gabbe, Katherine B Saxton, Micah R Lattanner, Jamie Suki Chang

{"title":"Homeless Encampment Closures Before and After City of Grants Pass v Johnson.","authors":"Prabhleen Kaur, C J Gabbe, Katherine B Saxton, Micah R Lattanner, Jamie Suki Chang","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308473","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308473","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To investigate the impact of evolving antiencampment policies on encampment closures after the US Supreme Court decision in City of Grants Pass v Johnson. Methods. We used descriptive statistics and geospatial analysis to compare encampment closure activity in Oakland, California, before (January 2021‒June 2024) and after (July 2024‒December 2024) the Grants Pass decision. Results. After Grants Pass, monthly closure counts significantly increased and their spatial distribution expanded. Many sites were closed repeatedly. Closures shifted to census tracts with lower household incomes, increased poverty rates, larger shares of Hispanic and Black residents, and smaller shares of White and Asian/Pacific Islander residents. Conclusions. These patterns suggest expanded enforcement activity enabled by the decision, homeless population dispersion because of intensified closure activity, or both. The frequency of repeated closures indicates that this intervention does not effectively resolve encampments. Public Health Implications. To minimize resource-intensive repeat closures and prevent the redistribution of homelessness to more vulnerable communities, jurisdictions should reallocate resources toward expanding adequate shelter and housing. Local governments should also publicly report health, economic, and displacement outcomes of encampment closures. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(9): 1369-1372. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308473).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1369-1372"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148051989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eliminating Disparities in Children's Lead Exposure: An Unfinished Job. 消除儿童铅暴露差异：一项未完成的工作。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308468

Mary Jean Brown, MyDzung T Chu, David C Bellinger, Joseph M Braun, Eve C Gartner, Mark Mitchell, Carla Campbell, Charlotte Brody, Christian Hoover, Arthur Lavin, Maureen Swanson, Aimin Chen

{"title":"Eliminating Disparities in Children's Lead Exposure: An Unfinished Job.","authors":"Mary Jean Brown, MyDzung T Chu, David C Bellinger, Joseph M Braun, Eve C Gartner, Mark Mitchell, Carla Campbell, Charlotte Brody, Christian Hoover, Arthur Lavin, Maureen Swanson, Aimin Chen","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308468","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308468","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To examine trends in blood lead levels (BLLs) among US children aged 5 years or younger using national and state data. Methods. We analyzed 2011 to 2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data by year and available demographic characteristics. We report geometric means, the prevalence of BLLs of 3.5 micrograms per deciliter or above and 5.0 micrograms per deciliter or above, and linear trends. In addition, we summarize 2017 to 2023 surveillance data from 7 states. Results. National BLLs continue to decline. In 2021 to 2023, geometric mean BLLs and the prevalence of BLLs of 3.5 micrograms per deciliter or above were lower for all groups than in previous years. Small recent NHANES sample sizes and limited state-level subgroup data constrained detailed analyses. However, state-level data revealed disparities by geography, race, and ethnicity. Conclusions. National data indicate decreasing BLLs among children and elimination of racial disparities, but state and local BLL data unmask ongoing disparities. Public Health Implications. To better describe childhood lead exposures, NHANES should increase its sample size, oversample high-risk populations, and release timely data, and states should expand surveillance and risk factors and make data publicly available. Together, the data assessed here provide benchmarks to target prevention efforts and warn of emerging risks. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(9): 1343-1351. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308468).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1343-1351"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Statistical Is, and Always Has Been, Political. 统计数据是，而且一直是政治性的。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308640

Lee Kennedy-Shaffer

{"title":"The Statistical Is, and Always Has Been, Political.","authors":"Lee Kennedy-Shaffer","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308640","url":null,"abstract":"Politicians and advocates across the political spectrum have called for health policy to follow the data. But the political implications of this claim depend on the data that are collected, the analysis methods used, and the standards for evidence that are applied or ignored. As the political nature of public health has come to the forefront of public policy, so has the political aspect of the statistics that underpin public health research and practice. Power and political economy have always shaped data, even when data are portrayed as technocratic and apolitical. Statistical methods are built on assumptions about the world, as they have been since their inception. And the demand for a specific type of causal or cost‒benefit evidence for some policies, or what counts as evidence, is a political, not technical, claim. Rather than attempting to claim legitimacy by retreating from the political aspects of public health, biostatisticians need to confront this role head-on, acknowledge the political and social structures that shape our work, and engage fully at the intersection of the political and the statistical. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print August 27, 2026:e1-e7. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308640).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intersectional Disparities in Adult Cigarette Smoking, E-Cigarette Use, and Cannabis Use Among Sexual and Gender and Racial and Ethnic Minorities in California. 加州性、性别、种族和少数民族中成人吸烟、电子烟使用和大麻使用的交叉差异。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308633

Amy Yunyu Chiang, Maya Vijayaraghavan

{"title":"Intersectional Disparities in Adult Cigarette Smoking, E-Cigarette Use, and Cannabis Use Among Sexual and Gender and Racial and Ethnic Minorities in California.","authors":"Amy Yunyu Chiang, Maya Vijayaraghavan","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308633","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To examine how intersecting identities of sexual orientation, gender, race, and ethnicity are associated with cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use, cannabis use, tobacco quit attempts, and perceptions of health care among adults in California. Methods. We analyzed the pooled 2021-2022 California Health Interview Survey data (n = 45 916). Sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) were identified as a sexual minority (bisexual, lesbian, gay) or transgender. Using Poisson regression models with interaction terms between SGM and race and ethnicity, we examined intersectional associations with the outcomes. Results. Non-Hispanic White SGM adults had an increased risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and cannabis use and co-use. Hispanic/Latino SGM adults (adjusted risk ratio [ARR] past-30-day cannabis use = 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51, 2.33) and non-Hispanic Black SGM adults (ARR heavy smoking = 4.78; 95% CI = 2.34, 9.74) had a much higher risk of use behaviors compared with their non-SGM counterparts. Intersectional minorities were more likely to report perceived discrimination in health care. Conclusions. Intersectional identities influence tobacco, e-cigarette, and cannabis use and health care experiences. Tailored interventions are needed to reduce disparities and improve health care access in intersectional racial and ethnic and SGM minoritized populations. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print August 27, 2026:e1-e12. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308633).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e12"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-Partisanship in Public Health in the Age of Polarization: Why It Is Important and How to Achieve It. 两极化时代公共卫生的跨党派合作：为什么重要以及如何实现它。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308644

Beth A Malow, Leslie M Lopato, Katelyn K Jetelina, Jessica B Steier, Douglass Teschner, Cristin McCarthy Vahey

引用次数: 0

Invisible by Design: How Colonialism Drives Political Determinants of Health in Puerto Rico. 设计隐形：殖民主义如何驱动波多黎各健康的政治决定因素。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308639

Lianeris Estremera-Rodriguez

{"title":"Invisible by Design: How Colonialism Drives Political Determinants of Health in Puerto Rico.","authors":"Lianeris Estremera-Rodriguez","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308639","url":null,"abstract":"Public health cannot be separated from politics. Although the relationship is often analyzed in democratic contexts, that framing limits the discussion to populations under colonial or neocolonial rule. Here I contend that colonialism functions as a higher-order determinant that influences the political determinants of health and, consequently, affects lower-level determinants, thereby hindering health equity. Colonialism operates through multiple mechanisms, disrupting the feedback loop in advocacy tools that connect community needs to political actions for health equity. Focusing on Puerto Rico, I use a legal determinants model to illustrate how laws and jurisprudence have institutionalized colonialism and affected health. This article expands Dawes's political determinants of health framework to demonstrate how a lack of sovereignty empowers external interests, shapes health, and filters local voices. Moreover, it shows that data invisibility and the systemic exclusion of US territories from federal data infrastructures constitute a form of epistemic erasure. The article concludes that achieving health equity and liberation requires dismantling colonial power structures, as the \"double burden\" of harmful policies and political impotence cannot be resolved without addressing lack of sovereignty and genuine representation. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print August 27, 2026:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308639).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Frozen Child: Public Charge, the Chilling Effect, and the Hidden Costs to US Citizen Children. 《冷冻儿童：公共负担、寒蝉效应和美国公民儿童的隐性成本》

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308707

Cynthia N Lebron, Vanessa Morales

引用次数: 0

How Political Redistricting and Gerrymandering Can Shape Understanding of Public Health Need. 政治重新划分选区和不公正划分选区如何影响对公共卫生需求的理解。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308648

Tamara Rushovich, Rachel C Nethery, Ariel White, Nancy Krieger

引用次数: 0

Conflicts of Interest 利益冲突

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2026.308809

引用次数: 0

Impact on Family Violence of a Cluster Randomized Trial Remediating Vacant and Abandoned Property: New Orleans, LA, 2017-2022. 空置和废弃房屋修复对家庭暴力的影响：新奥尔良，洛杉矶，2017-2022。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308626

Katherine P Theall, Julia M Fleckman, Maeve Wallace, Jasmine Wallace, Jeanette Gustat, Michelle Kondo, Christopher Morrison, Charles C Branas, Catherine Taylor

{"title":"Impact on Family Violence of a Cluster Randomized Trial Remediating Vacant and Abandoned Property: New Orleans, LA, 2017-2022.","authors":"Katherine P Theall, Julia M Fleckman, Maeve Wallace, Jasmine Wallace, Jeanette Gustat, Michelle Kondo, Christopher Morrison, Charles C Branas, Catherine Taylor","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308626","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To evaluate the effect of vacant and abandoned property remediation on family violence and determine whether neighborhood characteristics modify intervention effects. Methods. We performed a cluster randomized trial across 23 neighborhoods in New Orleans, Louisiana, between 2017 and 2022. The intervention included cleaning and greening of lots, building fixes for structures, and regular maintenance of 296 (53 structures and 243 lots) properties in treated clusters. Results. Remediation had an impact on domestic crime and child maltreatment incidents, with a 40% reduction in domestic crimes (95% confidence interval [CI] = -63.85, -16.54; P = .001) and a 16% reduction (95% CI = -28.21, -2.66; P = .02) in total child maltreatment incidents among parcels in the lots and structures arm as well as an 11% reduction in domestic crimes (95% CI = -16.76, -4.92; P = .01) and a 17% reduction (95% CI = -33.10, -2.16; P = .03) in total child maltreatment incidents among parcels in the lots-only arm. We also observed a greater effect of the intervention in areas with greater alcohol availability and a mixed pattern across areas of concentrated disadvantage. Conclusions. Remediating neighborhood vacant and abandoned property may be an important target for interventions focused on reducing family violence. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print August 20, 2026:e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308626).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0