American journal of public health最新文献_第3页

Protecting Public Health in the Courts. 在法庭上保护公众健康。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308087

Wendy E Parmet

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We Don't Give Hope, We Build It Together. 我们不给予希望，我们共同创造希望。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307975

Iulia I Bradeanu

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Sexually Transmitted Infection Cases During COVID-19: Implications for Public Health. COVID-19期间性传播感染病例：对公共卫生的影响

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308024

Thomas S Fitzpatrick,Joseph D Tucker

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Transgender Women in India: A Syndemic and Intersectional Framework Addressing HIV Care Gaps. 印度的跨性别妇女：解决艾滋病毒护理差距的综合和交叉框架。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308046

William Lodge,Shruta Rawat,Alpana Dange,Madina Agénor,Vivek R Anand,Don Operario,Matthew J Mimiaga,Katie B Biello

{"title":"Transgender Women in India: A Syndemic and Intersectional Framework Addressing HIV Care Gaps.","authors":"William Lodge,Shruta Rawat,Alpana Dange,Madina Agénor,Vivek R Anand,Don Operario,Matthew J Mimiaga,Katie B Biello","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308046","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of HIV among transgender women (TGW) in India is disproportionately high, estimated at 4% to 8% in comparison with the national average of 0.2%. Despite free antiretroviral therapy (ART) provided by the government, TGW encounter multilevel barriers-including stigma, poverty, and lack of gender-affirming care-that hinder HIV care access and retention. Existing behavioral frameworks fail to address the compounded effects of systemic oppression on the health of TGW with HIV in India. We present a conceptual framework integrating syndemic theory and intersectionality to examine structural and syndemic factors shaping HIV care barriers. Informed by key informants-including TGW with HIV, community leaders, health providers, and Indian researchers-the framework highlights how systemic marginalization, particularly through discriminatory policies, shapes social position and exacerbates inequities in HIV care outcomes. It also underscores the role of community mobilization and collective action in overcoming these barriers. The framework provides a foundation for interventions tailored to the needs of TGW. By centering community-driven strategies and addressing structural inequities, it offers a pathway to improve HIV care engagement and health outcomes among TGW in India. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print May 1, 2025:e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308046).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"109 1","pages":"e1-e9"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enumerating the State and Local Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Response. 列举了应对COVID-19期间州和地方公共卫生人力。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307964

Abby Vogel,Sezen O Onal,Nicole M Weiss,Xiao Zang,Morgan Pak,Bibin Joseph,Jonathon P Leider

{"title":"Enumerating the State and Local Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Response.","authors":"Abby Vogel,Sezen O Onal,Nicole M Weiss,Xiao Zang,Morgan Pak,Bibin Joseph,Jonathon P Leider","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2024.307964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2024.307964","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To understand the landscape of the nonfederal governmental public health workforce and to identify replicable methods for future enumerations. Methods. This enumeration of the state and local public health workforce was conducted from 2023 to 2024 and triangulated the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) Profile 2022 and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) Profile 2022. We utilized Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS) data from 2021 to assess demographic distributions across Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) regions in the United States. Results. A total of 239 000 staff were employed in state and local health departments in 2022, a 2% increase since 2012. Sixteen states-including 6 in the Southeast-lost staff relative to population growth. Conclusions. An uneven landscape of public health workforce density reflects chronic underinvestment in public health. The process of enumeration itself was also fraught with pitfalls and data limitations. Public Health Implications. We recommend building on federal investments to develop dedicated funding streams for state and local public health. We also recommend amending federal efforts around enumeration to include governmental public health at all levels. (Am J Public Health. 2025;115(5):716-725. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307964).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"65 1","pages":"716-725"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public Health Enumeration in 2024: Who Is Keeping the Public Healthy? 2024年的公共卫生普查：谁在维护公众健康？

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307924

Andrea C Young,Christina L Chung,Leslie A Dauphin

引用次数: 0

Strategic Litigation, Public Health, and the Decriminalization of Same-Sex Sexual Intimacy: Lessons From Legal Challenges Across Former British Colonies. 战略诉讼、公共卫生和同性性亲密行为的非刑事化：来自前英国殖民地法律挑战的教训。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308072

Sara Wallach,Jirair Ratevosian,Tom Smith,Katie Duval,Stefan Baral,Chris Beyrer

{"title":"Strategic Litigation, Public Health, and the Decriminalization of Same-Sex Sexual Intimacy: Lessons From Legal Challenges Across Former British Colonies.","authors":"Sara Wallach,Jirair Ratevosian,Tom Smith,Katie Duval,Stefan Baral,Chris Beyrer","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308072","url":null,"abstract":"Consistent data have demonstrated the harms of punitive laws criminalizing same-sex sexual intimacy in the context of both public health and human rights. However, as of January 2025, 61 United Nations member states criminalize consensual same-sex sexual acts among adults, with varying degrees of enforcement and severity. We used 6 legal challenges across former British colonies in Africa, the Caribbean, and Asia to assess the role of strategic litigation in decriminalizing same-sex practices and where public health arguments, particularly regarding HIV, were central to these legal challenges. Successful decriminalization efforts in Belize and Dominica were contrasted by legal setbacks in Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Kenya. Our findings emphasize the importance of integrating health-related evidence, country-specific data, and local civil society input into legal strategies, highlighting the critical role of collaboration between public health experts, legal professionals, and local advocacy groups. Future litigation efforts must carefully consider local contexts, engaging with communities to ensure both legal success and long-term societal change for LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and all subsects) individuals. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 24, 2025:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308072).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"74 1","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Coverage Among Women: Focused, Innovative Strategies Can Increase Use-United States, 2017-2023. 女性艾滋病毒暴露前预防覆盖率低：重点创新策略可以增加使用率-美国，2017-2023

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308056

Karen W Hoover,Weiming Zhu,Kristen L Hess,Pilgrim Spikes,Ya-Lin A Huang,Jeffrey Wiener,Erica K Dunbar,Jerris L Raiford,Charles B Collins,Elizabeth A DiNenno,Athena P Kourtis,John T Brooks,Robyn Neblett Fanfair,Cari Courtenay-Quirk

{"title":"Low HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Coverage Among Women: Focused, Innovative Strategies Can Increase Use-United States, 2017-2023.","authors":"Karen W Hoover,Weiming Zhu,Kristen L Hess,Pilgrim Spikes,Ya-Lin A Huang,Jeffrey Wiener,Erica K Dunbar,Jerris L Raiford,Charles B Collins,Elizabeth A DiNenno,Athena P Kourtis,John T Brooks,Robyn Neblett Fanfair,Cari Courtenay-Quirk","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308056","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use has increased since its US Food and Drug Administration approval in 2012. Our objective was to describe trends in PrEP use by US women. Methods. Using national pharmacy and HIV surveillance data, we calculated the PrEP-to-diagnosis ratio (PDR), a measure of PrEP prescriptions each year compared with HIV diagnoses the previous year, for women from 2017 to 2023. We also calculated PDRs in 2023 for the 20 counties with the highest numbers of diagnosed HIV infections among women and reviewed reports of public health activities conducted by recipients of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HIV prevention funding. Results. The PDR for women was 1.5 in 2017, and it increased to 5.8 by 2023. In the 20 counties with the highest number of diagnosed HIV infections among women, PDRs ranged from 2.2 to 16.9. Counties with the highest PDRs conducted PrEP activities designed for women. Conclusions. PrEP is a highly effective HIV prevention intervention that can empower women to protect their health, but its use has been low. Public health and clinical interventions designed for women can increase their PrEP use and support ending the US HIV epidemic. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 24, 2025:e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308056).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"49 1","pages":"e1-e4"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Reported Versus County-Based Rurality of People Who Gave Birth in 6 US States, 2020. 2020年美国6个州分娩人口的自我报告与基于县的农村状况。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308058

Katy Backes Kozhimannil,Emily C Sheffield,Julia D Interrante,Chen Liu,Jamie R Daw

{"title":"Self-Reported Versus County-Based Rurality of People Who Gave Birth in 6 US States, 2020.","authors":"Katy Backes Kozhimannil,Emily C Sheffield,Julia D Interrante,Chen Liu,Jamie R Daw","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308058","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To measure concordance between postpartum people's self-reported residence in rural, urban, or suburban areas and county-based measurement of rurality. Methods. We used survey data (collected January 2021-March 2022) from a representative sample of postpartum people with a live birth in 2020 in 6 US states (n = 3225), comparing respondents' self-report to county designations based on Rural‒Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCs). Results. Nearly 80% of postpartum people had concordant self-reported and RUCC-based residency. That is, 70% lived in counties that matched their self-report as urban (19%) or suburban (51%), and 9% lived in counties that matched their self-report as rural. However, almost 20% were rural discordant (lived in urban RUCC counties and self-reported as rural); these residents were more likely to lack a high-school degree and to have Medicaid-paid births compared with concordant respondents living in the same RUCC counties. Conclusions. County-based measures of rurality may incorrectly categorize substantial portions of rural residents, and those potentially misclassified are of lower socioeconomic status. Public Health Implications. Maternal health programs and policies using county-based definitions of rurality should account for rural residents living in areas designated as urban. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 24, 2025:e1-e11. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308058).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"10 1","pages":"e1-e11"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The American Public's Disengagement With Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI): Considerations for Vaccination and Dietary Changes. 美国公众对高致病性禽流感（HPAI）的脱离：对疫苗接种和饮食改变的考虑

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308080

Rachael Piltch-Loeb,Katarzyna Wyka,Trenton M White,Shawn G Gibbs,Sara Gorman,Ashish Joshi,Spencer Kimball,Jeffrey V Lazarus,John J Lowe,Kenneth Rabin,Scott C Ratzan,Ayman El-Mohandes

引用次数: 0