American journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Spatial Clustering and Multivariate Typologies During Life Span of Hospitalized Traumatic Brain Injury Cases: A Population-Based Study.","authors":"Anabelle Ayma, Quitterie Legrand, Noé Fellay, Gabriel Kathari, Dulcinda Delannoy, Aria Nouri, Elena Beanato, Roberta Ronchi, Karl Schaller, Stéphane Joost, Giannina Rita Iannotti, Philippe Voruz","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308560","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308560","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1272-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148325421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency Reimagined: Designing Public Programs That Work for Families and Government.","authors":"Cristina M Gago, Richard Sheward, Stephanie Ettinger de Cuba","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308619","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1313-1315"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language-Serving Hospitals and Seven-Day Readmission Among Patients With a Non-English Primary Language.","authors":"Alyssa N Jones, Brittany M Dacier, Jesus Mejia, Benjamin G Allar, Rachel E Murphy, Regan W Bergmark, Esteban F Gershanik, Alicia Fernandez, Andrea L Pusic, Gregory L Peck, David W Bates, Gezzer Ortega","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308470","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives.</b> To compare 7-day readmission among patients with a non-English primary language in language-serving versus non-language-serving hospitals. <b>Methods.</b> We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the New Jersey State Inpatient Database (2010-2022). We identified 578 030 inpatient discharges home among patients with a non-English primary language. We used generalized linear mixed models to compare 7-day readmission between language-serving hospitals-defined as those with a higher proportion of patients with a non-English primary language-and non-language-serving hospitals. <b>Results.</b> Patients with a non-English primary language were less likely to be readmitted within 7 days at language-serving versus non-language-serving hospitals (4.8% vs 9.8%; adjusted odds ratio = 0.49; 95% confidence interval = 0.25, 0.96). This trend persisted when stratified into Spanish (5.5% vs 9.7%), common (4.0% vs 14.6%) and rare non-English primary languages (4.0% vs 8.8%). <b>Conclusions.</b> Patients with a non-English primary language discharged from language-serving hospitals were less likely to be readmitted within 7 days. <b>Public Health Implications.</b> To improve care for patients with a non-English primary language, future research should identify the hospital- and state-level language access policies that underpin these findings. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2026;116(9): 1358-1368. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308470).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1358-1368"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148275705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Minority Representation in the All of Us Research Program: Progress and Ongoing Challenges.","authors":"Zhiyu Qian, Mansoo Cho, Hari S Iyer, Stuart R Lipsitz, Alexander P Cole, Kevin Kensler, Quoc-Dien Trinh","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308441","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives.</b> To evaluate trends in racial and ethnic representation in the All of Us (AoU) Research Program from 2017 to 2023 and assess regional disparities relative to US Census benchmarks. <b>Methods.</b> Using the AoU data repository, we compared yearly and cumulative racial/ethnic representation with 2020 US Census data. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to quantify underrepresentation by group, year, region, and sex at birth. <b>Results.</b> Non-Hispanic White individuals accounted for the largest percentage of the 619 830 participants (56.3%), followed by non-Hispanic Blacks (15.9%), Hispanics (14.9%), Asians (3.5%), and individuals in the multiracial/other category (9.4%). Asians and Hispanics were consistently underrepresented. Regional disparities were notable: Asian representation was lowest in the West (OR = 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.47, 0.49), and Hispanic underrepresentation was most pronounced in the South (OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.53, 0.55). <b>Conclusions.</b> Persistent underrepresentation of Asian and Hispanic participants highlights ongoing gaps as AoU recruitment continues. Continued efforts toward equitable participation will be important for achieving the scientific and ethical goals of precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1339-1342"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving HIV Prevention Among Hispanic Women Through a Community-Researcher Partnership: Florida, 2020-2023.","authors":"Rosina Cianelli, Joseph P De Santis, Giovanna C De Oliveira, José G Castro, Evelyn Iriarte, María José Baeza Robba, Natalia Villegas, Susan Rubio Rivera, Nilda Peragallo Montano","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308483","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The need for culturally grounded, evidence-based HIV prevention interventions targeting preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and HIV testing for Hispanic women prompted us to adapt the evidence-based SEPA (Salud/Health, Educación/Education, Prevención/Prevention, Autocuidado/Self-Care) intervention into the SEPA+PrEP intervention. We collaborated with community-based organizations and a community advisory board to adapt the intervention and implemented the adaptation with 44 Hispanic women participants. Our findings demonstrate the successful, community-informed adaptation of the SEPA+PrEP intervention as a biobehavioral intervention, with acceptability and feasibility supported by high levels of participant satisfaction, engagement, retention, and completion.</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1282-1286"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Efficiency in Public Health.","authors":"Susan M Kansagra","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308673","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1254-1255"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Analysis of Policy Responses to Community Violence: From Colorblind to Antiracist Policy.","authors":"Julia P Schleimer, Shani A Buggs, Talib Hudson, Joseph B Richardson, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308458","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community violence is a significant public health and safety problem in the United States that disproportionately affects Black and Brown communities. Community violence intervention (CVI)-a healing-centered approach implemented by and for those most affected by community and structural violence-received historic federal investment beginning in 2021. These investments are now under threat from the Trump administration, which canceled hundreds of millions of dollars supporting CVI. In this analytic essay, we (1) critically examine how racialized ideological frames underlying CVI differ from more traditional tough-on-crime approaches, using federal policy responses during the 1980s to 1990s and early 2020s as points of comparison; and (2) describe the efforts, events, and movements that contributed to unprecedented federal investment in CVI in 2021 to 2022. At a time of intensified governmental efforts to roll back antiracist policies and programs, we offer a timely, historically contextualized, and theoretically grounded analysis of how ideology, collective action, and research shape policy decisions of critical importance to population health and safety. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2026;116(9): 1426-1435. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308458).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1426-1435"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decades of Research in the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Health Outcomes Across Countries.","authors":"Robert Olszewski, Klaudia Watros, Małgorzata Mańczak, Jakub Brzeziński, Jakub Owoc, Krzysztof Jeziorski","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308381","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308381","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background.&lt;/b&gt; The evidence-based Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) has been widely implemented and adapted globally for decades, yet no comprehensive analysis of its outcomes after 2009 has been published to date, to our knowledge. &lt;b&gt;Objectives.&lt;/b&gt; This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the long-term (6 months after the intervention) impact of CDSMP on participants' well-being across countries and to identify key elements for effective future implementation and adaptation. &lt;b&gt;Search Methods.&lt;/b&gt; We conducted a systematic review (1978-2024) and meta-analysis (October 2009-2024), excluding studies previously synthesized in a 2013 meta-analysis covering January 1999 to September 2009. We identified literature through a structured 3-stage process: database searches (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus), examination of sources listed by the Self-Management Resource Center, and targeted follow-up based on initial findings. &lt;b&gt;Selection Criteria.&lt;/b&gt; We included peer-reviewed studies evaluating the CDSMP with follow-up data at least 6 months after the intervention, involving adults with chronic conditions. &lt;b&gt;Data Collection and Analysis.&lt;/b&gt; Two reviewers independently extracted data. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed on outcomes measured 6 months after the intervention, including sleep problems, pain, and fatigue (all assessed using a visual analog scale), as well as depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). &lt;b&gt;Main Results.&lt;/b&gt; We retrieved a total of 6565 articles, of which 228 were included in the systematic review and 20 in the meta-analysis. Participants included in the studies most frequently reported diseases such as hypertension, heart disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, inflammatory diseases, and metabolic diseases. The mean difference between participants' pain scores before and 6 months after the program was 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.24, 0.83); for depression, 1.47 (95% CI = 1.04, 1.90); for fatigue, 0.46 (95% CI = 0.28, 0.65); and for sleep problems, 0.57 (95% CI = 0.28, 0.85). &lt;b&gt;Conclusions.&lt;/b&gt; Six months after completing the program, a decreasing trend in sleep problems, depressive symptoms, pain, and fatigue persists among program participants in different countries. A significant challenge identified across the reviewed studies was securing sustainable funding and ensuring effective recruitment and retention of participants, which requires diverse outreach strategies to reach target populations. The findings also reveal an emerging profile of participants who benefit most from the program. &lt;b&gt;Public Health Implications.&lt;/b&gt; The sustained outcomes position the CDSMP as an effective, scalable, and universally relevant tool for improving chronic disease management and symptom control. The systematic review indicates that individuals with multimorbidity benefit to a greater extent from the program. Nonetheless, increased emphasis on standardized outcome meas","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1397-1408"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stricter Regulation in the United States of Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising: Better, but Not Enough.","authors":"Christopher A Bobier","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308469","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In September 2025, President Donald J. Trump directed the Department of Health and Human Services and the Food and Drug Administration to strengthen enforcement of prescription drug advertising regulations. In response, plans were announced to close digital loopholes in direct-to-consumer advertising, pursue regulatory violations, and eliminate the 1997 \"adequate provision,\" which permits advertisements to omit key safety information. Although these reforms aim to promote \"radical transparency,\" their impact on prescribing patterns is uncertain. Direct-to-consumer advertising is designed to elicit a strong positive emotional response that affects one's ability to properly weigh risk. Even if direct-to-consumer advertisements are required to disclose more information regarding potential risks, the emotional response elicited will still positively influence demand. This is not speculation: there is ample evidence before the implementation of the 1997 adequate provision showing that pharmaceutical advertising influenced prescribing behavior. Accordingly, it is unlikely that pending regulatory and enforcement changes will meaningfully reduce overdiagnosis, overtreatment, or health care spending. However, given the current momentum to confront these problems, public health scholars should seize the opportunity and advance evidence-based policy solutions. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2026;116(9): 1352-1357. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308469).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1352-1357"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reframing Efficiency: How Public Deliberation Strengthens Public Health Policy.","authors":"Michelle Bosché, Roger Bernier, Preetam A Cholli, Jonathan Alexander, Archon Fung, Aditya S Pawar","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308637","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the efforts to downsize US public health infrastructure, a national conversation has emerged about how to use government resources efficiently while maintaining a robust public health system. Drawing on ethical frameworks, we describe 5 types of efficiency important for public health policy. We argue that well-designed public deliberation can enhance these dimensions of efficiency by improving the quality and contextual fit of policies, rebuilding shared factual baselines in a polarized environment, and increasing trust and adherence to policy outcomes. Through case studies from US influenza pandemic planning, Australia's biobank research, and Ireland's abortion policy, we illustrate how deliberative processes can improve epistemic, political, implementation, and civic efficiency. We also examine practical challenges, including scaling participation and ensuring institutional uptake. Finally, we discuss emerging innovations that make large-scale, representative engagement feasible. We conclude that embedding public deliberation as a structural component of policymaking, rather than an ad hoc supplement, is essential for creating trusted, efficient public health policy. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2026;116(9): 1331-1338. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308637).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1331-1338"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}