American journal of public health最新文献_第4页

Remote Work: How US State Practices Affect Rural Local Public Health. 远程工作：美国各州的做法如何影响农村地方公共卫生。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-17 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308550

Paula M Kett, Kelly Chadwick, Betty Bekemeier

{"title":"Remote Work: How US State Practices Affect Rural Local Public Health.","authors":"Paula M Kett, Kelly Chadwick, Betty Bekemeier","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308550","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308550","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To explore rural local health department (LHD) leaders' perspectives on how remote work practices among state health departments (SHDs) may be affecting rural efforts. Methods. For this sequential mixed-methods study, we collected and analyzed qualitative data from 14 rural LHD leaders across the United States in January through April 2025. We also analyzed 2024 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey data, examining the prevalence of remote work among SHD and LHD staff as well as any significant differences in job satisfaction, retention, and risk of turnover between remote and in-person staff. Results. Participants described impacts of the SHD's remote work options with respect to LHD staff retention and SHD staff's accessibility and familiarity with the LHD's rural needs. Quantitative analyses demonstrated higher rates of remote work among state health staff compared with rural but did not show any significant differences in outcomes of interest, including job satisfaction. Conclusions. Findings point to the ongoing use of and challenges with remote work. Opportunities exist to improve implementation of remote policies and to strengthen support for rural LHDs. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(S5):S415-S423. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308550).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S415-S423"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148269609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The System Under Pressure: Burnout in the Public Health Workforce. 压力下的系统：公共卫生工作人员的职业倦怠。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-17 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308562

A Nichole Fusilier, Paulani Mui, Beth Resnick

{"title":"The System Under Pressure: Burnout in the Public Health Workforce.","authors":"A Nichole Fusilier, Paulani Mui, Beth Resnick","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308562","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308562","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To characterize burnout among state and local governmental public health workers and identify implications for public health workforce capacity and sustainability. Methods. We analyzed 2024 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS) data to assess self-reported burnout and generational differences among US state and local employees. Results. At least 1 symptom of burnout was reported by 71% of respondents. However, burnout was most prominent among Generation Z and Millennials, with 17% and 19% reporting persistent symptoms and 4% and 5% reporting complete burnout, respectively; 10% of Baby Boomers reported persistent symptoms and 1% reported complete burnout. A Rao-Scott adjusted χ2 test showed that the association between burnout and generation was significant, F (7.6, 6674.4) = 89.7, P < .001. Conclusions. High rates of burnout across the PH WINS respondents indicate a systemwide issue. However, higher burnout rates among younger workers highlight the need for targeted interventions and institutionalized changes to support the workforce going forward. Public Health Implications. Systemwide, sustained worker well-being improvements are essential to maintaining a thriving public health workforce, especially as younger generations continue to move into the workforce. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(S5):S389-S392. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308562).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S389-S392"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148269770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intersectional Inequities in Influenza Vaccination Among New York State Adults, 2024. 纽约州成人流感疫苗接种的交叉不公平，2024。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308755

Thinh Toan Vu

{"title":"Intersectional Inequities in Influenza Vaccination Among New York State Adults, 2024.","authors":"Thinh Toan Vu","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308755","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To quantify inequities in influenza vaccination uptake across intersectional strata defined by age, race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation among New York State (NYS) adults. Methods. I analyzed an unweighted sample of 36 236 adults from the 2024 NYS Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System using intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy. Two-level logistic regression nested individuals in 116 intersectional strata defined by age, race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation. Estimates characterize the analytic sample rather than the NYS adult population. Results. Overall, 46.0% of adults reported having received an influenza vaccination in the past 12 months. Between-stratum differences accounted for 9.6% of total variation in vaccination status. Additive main effects of 4 social dimensions explained 96.4% of this between-stratum variation. Predicted probabilities of vaccination ranged from 21.7% among Hispanic heterosexual males aged 18 to 49 years to 77.2% among non-Hispanic White lesbian females aged 65 years or older. Conclusions. Influenza vaccination inequities in NYS are patterned by multiple social positions. Universal vaccination strategies should be complemented by targeted interventions addressing barriers faced by the intersectional groups with the lowest vaccination uptake, particularly young males from racial/ethnic minority groups. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 1, 2026:e1-e8. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308755).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e8"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attainment of Public Health Degrees in the Governmental Public Health Workforce in 2024. 2024年政府公共卫生工作人员获得公共卫生学位

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-17 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308453

Nicole M Weiss, Chelsey Kirkland, Jonathon P Leider

{"title":"Attainment of Public Health Degrees in the Governmental Public Health Workforce in 2024.","authors":"Nicole M Weiss, Chelsey Kirkland, Jonathon P Leider","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308453","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308453","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To examine formal public health educational attainment in state health agency and local health department employees in 2024 and to discuss implications for public health workforce development. Methods. Using data (n = 56 238, unweighted; n = 236 575, weighted) from the 2024 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey in the United States, collected between September 2024 and January 2025, we made inferential comparisons using Rao-Scott adjusted χ2 and fit a logit regression that examined graduate public health degree attainment. Results. Twenty-two percent (12 238/56 238, unweighted; 51 783/236 575, weighted) reported having a public health degree; that proportion is closer to one half among those aged 35 years and younger in the public health sciences. Of public health worker subpopulations, those younger than 50 years old, Asian employees, Black employees, and nonmale staff members (women and other genders) were significantly more likely to have a public health graduate degree than the reference groups. Conclusions. The majority of public health workers do not have public health degrees. Public Health Implications. On-the-job training support should be coupled with deepening academic-practice pathways to ensure the workforce is prepared. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(S5):S398-S405. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308453).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S398-S405"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148269686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Naloxone Distribution in the United States, 2018-2023. 纳洛酮在美国的销售，2018-2023。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308541

Corinne Woods, Grace Chai, Jae Wook Yoo, Gerald Dal Pan

{"title":"Naloxone Distribution in the United States, 2018-2023.","authors":"Corinne Woods, Grace Chai, Jae Wook Yoo, Gerald Dal Pan","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308541","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308541","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To assess US patterns of distribution for all naloxone products. Methods. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study using manufacturer reports (total US naloxone distribution) and IQVIA National Sales Perspectives (estimated sales to US health care settings) to assess naloxone distribution quantity and patterns from 2018 to 2023. Results. Aggregated manufacturer-reported data showed that total US distribution of naloxone increased from 7.65 million units (vials, syringes, devices) to 29.7 million units from 2018 to 2023; the largest increase was in distribution of nasal spray devices (2.9 million to 23.4 million devices). Although sales to health care settings doubled (6.3 million units in 2018 and 13.6 million units in 2023), we infer that naloxone distributed to non-health care settings increased from 1.39 million units in 2018 to 16.1 million in 2023, accounting for 54% of total naloxone distributed in the United States by 2023. Conclusions. Distribution of naloxone markedly increased between 2018 and 2023, with the largest increases in distribution to non-health care settings and for nasal spray devices. Public Health Implications. This comprehensive overview of the naloxone supply, with insights into changes in distribution for community use, may help inform assessments, including those involving factors contributing to recent declines in opioid overdose deaths. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(10):1613-1616. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308541).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1613-1616"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148275654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applying Artificial Intelligence in Public Health: A Field Report on Use Cases and Key Challenges. 人工智能在公共卫生中的应用：用例和关键挑战的现场报告。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308671

Andrea King, Jessica S Schwind, Ian S Painter, Brittany E Sigler, Michele Trofatter, Allison Warren, Ali Nazem, Natalie M Linton, Jason Geslois, Dawn Cole, Andey Nunes-Brewster

引用次数: 0

Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence in Public Health: Mitigating Risks and Advancing Health Equity. 人工智能在公共卫生中的伦理应用：降低风险和促进卫生公平。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308638

Terry Adirim, Amy Molten

{"title":"Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence in Public Health: Mitigating Risks and Advancing Health Equity.","authors":"Terry Adirim, Amy Molten","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308638","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308638","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into public health practice, offering new tools for surveillance, behavioral interventions, disease prevention, risk communication, and population health management. Although AI demonstrates promise for earlier disease detection, improved intervention targeting, and cost-effective augmentation of limited public health capacity, many tools are being deployed amid fragmented regulatory frameworks, validation standards, and equity safeguards that govern other health interventions. Consequently, AI can introduce significant ethical, operational, and equity-related risks. Current industry-driven AI development lacks sufficient guardrails for the ethical and responsible use of AI across public health systems, creating risks that disproportionately affect underserved populations. We examine current AI applications in public health through the lens of established ethical principles, with particular attention to historically marginalized communities. In our analyses, we identify critical infrastructure and governance gaps across federal, state, local, and Tribal settings, and propose concrete strategies, including mandatory equity impact assessments, validation in the communities of intended use, alignment with data sovereignty principles, transparency with communities about when and how AI is used, and sustained investment in public health workforce capacity to evaluate AI tools. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(10):1520-1528. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308638).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1520-1528"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Governance-First Deployment of the Aims Innovations Research Management System to Accelerate Participant-Based Public Health Research. 治理优先部署Aims创新研究管理系统以加速基于参与者的公共卫生研究。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308603

Allison E Curry, Ryan P Warren, Dominique G Ruggieri, Joel Hillier, Johnathon P Ehsani

引用次数: 0

Mortality Research With Artificial Intelligence Tools: Applying Language Models to the National Violent Death Reporting System Suicide Narratives, 2003-2023. 基于人工智能工具的死亡率研究：将语言模型应用于国家暴力死亡报告系统自杀叙事，2003-2023。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308618

John R Blosnich, Jaspreet Ranjit, Swabha Swayamdipta

{"title":"Mortality Research With Artificial Intelligence Tools: Applying Language Models to the National Violent Death Reporting System Suicide Narratives, 2003-2023.","authors":"John R Blosnich, Jaspreet Ranjit, Swabha Swayamdipta","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308618","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308618","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide deaths in the United States have increased for a generation with no current evidence of meaningful decline. With advances in data collection and accumulation, suicide prevention research has started utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) tools, predominantly machine learning, predictive analytics, and language models, to help mainly in prediction of suicide by utilizing large electronic health record data sets. The National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) compiles significant amounts of structured and unstructured data about suicide decedents, including narrative information about the death (i.e., death narrative) that summarizes details such as the scene, decedent characteristics, and witness and next-of-kin details from interviews. Over the last 20 years, the NVDRS has accumulated hundreds of thousands of suicide death narratives-more than any human can (or would care to) read because of their grim, and sometimes graphic, nature. This analytic essay briefly reviews how AI tools have been applied to suicide prevention research. It also summarizes an example of how AI tools (e.g., language models) can expedite analysis using 756 645 narratives from 483 303 suicide deaths contained in the 2003-2023 NVDRS. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(10):1550-1556. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308618).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1550-1556"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Dangerous Conflation of Ethics and Discrimination: A Call to Reject the Expansion of Conscientious Refusal in Health Care. 道德和歧视的危险合并：呼吁拒绝扩大良心拒绝在医疗保健。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308761

Hailey Greenstone, Elizabeth Sepper, Carl G Streed

引用次数: 0