Advances in Traditional Medicine最新文献

{"title":"An update on the bioactivities and health benefits of two plant-derived lignans, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin","authors":"Sylvester I. Omoruyi,&nbsp;Joshua Delport,&nbsp;Tusekile S. Kangwa,&nbsp;Ziyaad Rahman,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Hussein,&nbsp;Dietrich E. Lorke,&nbsp;Okobi E. Ekpo","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00738-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00738-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyphenols are notable phytochemicals mostly found in plant-based foods, with many reported health benefits. Only limited information is available in the literature on polyphenolic lignans; hence, this review highlights the findings from an extensive open-ended search performed on many databases and search engines, using the keywords “phyllanthin” and “hypophyllanthin” inserted separately and jointly into these databases. Up to 2700 distinct articles were generated, most of which were related to plants of the <i>Phyllanthus</i> species. Plant extract-based articles were excluded. 468 original articles and bibliographic reviews that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Our search showed that both lignans were mostly isolated from plant sources, and some of their biological and pharmacological activities have been previously studied in in silico, in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Only a few human studies were reported, mainly in ex-vivo studies with blood samples and parasites. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, cardiovascular and cardioprotective, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic, neuroprotective and neuroactive, anti-diabetic, reno-protective and uricosuric, hepatoprotective, metabolic as well as anticancer effects are well-documented and described in the different sections of this review, as summarized in Table 1. No direct toxicity and side effects were reported. The health benefits identified in the reviewed articles potentially provide some rationale for further scientific research on these lignans’ toxicology, safety profiles, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, with a view to progressing through the clinical trial phases of the drug discovery and development process.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 4","pages":"1011 - 1036"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139592366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effect of Stachytarpheta cayennensis extract and vitamins C and E on arsenic, cadmium and lead co-induced toxicity in Wistar rats","authors":"Osazuwa Clinton Ekhator,&nbsp;Elijah Eshiokwemia Igbokah,&nbsp;Marvin Wisdom Eromosele,&nbsp;Sherifat Onosioriamhe Harun,&nbsp;Blessing Ejiro Oghenegweke,&nbsp;Jessica Uchechukwu Egbe,&nbsp;Success Isuman","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00736-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00736-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The notoriety of toxic metals has become a cause for concern across the world as their presence in the environment constitutes serious health hazard that affect not only the human populace but the ecosystem. This study aimed to explore the ameliorative potential of ethanol extract of <i>Stachytarpheta cayennensis</i> (SCE) leaf in Wistar rats exposed to arsenic, cadmium, and lead (ACL). Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each. Group one served as the control group was given 300 ml of distilled water as their daily drinking water. Group two as ACL group was exposed to a combination of 30 mg/kg of lead, cadmium, and 1 mg/kg of arsenic, daily, via drinking water. Group three, four and five were the treatment groups administered a combination of 100 mg/kg of vitamins C and 30 mg/kg of vitamin E, 200, and 400 mg/kg of SCE with ACL in daily drinking water respectively. Experiment lasted for 28 days, the rats were sacrificed, blood and other organs were harvested for laboratory analysis. There were varying degrees of significant (P&lt;0.05) amelioration of the heavy metals toxicity revealed by positive changes in the biochemical and hematological indices evaluated when the treated groups were compared to the ACL group. Therefore, the administration of SCE, vitamin C and E could potentially protect against the co-induced toxicity of arsenic, cadmium and lead in Wistar rats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 3","pages":"823 - 833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting the low morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa: a critical review of the facts and fallacies","authors":"Shuaibu Abdullahi Hudu,&nbsp;Abdulgafar Olayiwola Jimoh,&nbsp;Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim,&nbsp;Yahaya Mohammed,&nbsp;Kehinde Ahmad Adeshina,&nbsp;Ahmed Kolawole Jimoh,&nbsp;Jibril Abubakar,&nbsp;Dawoud Usman,&nbsp;Abdalla Mohamad Jama","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00739-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00739-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Except for South Africa, Africa recorded very low cases of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), and even lower deaths compared to other regions of the world. Several reasons were proposed to explain these low numbers. In this review, we appraise severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) therapeutic targets and varying empirical evidence on the use of anti-COVID-19 herbal and bioactive agents in Africa and the role of geo-demographic factors associated with low morbidity and mortality in Africa. Many of the traditional medicinal plants Africans use in the fight against COVID-19 are thought to possess some intrinsic antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2. Some others were used to treat COVID-19-related symptoms with positive testimonies, making it necessary for in-depth research of African traditional medicine. The adequate knowledge of medicinal plants, their activities, dosage and appropriate duration of use will further advance traditional medical care and help researchers to identify ideal promising drug candidates for accelerated drug development. COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa is extremely complex and involves numerous unknown variables as well as region-specific factors that have often been overlooked or underestimated. Traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine in the form of plant extracts and phytochemicals have significant inhibitory effects against SARS-CoV-2 as demonstrated by both in silico and in vitro models and thus could slow replication and transmission of the virus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 4","pages":"999 - 1010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving cognitive function with intermittent dose escalation of curcumin extract in chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment patients: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Anak Agung Ayu Putri Laksmidewi,&nbsp;I. Nyoman Bayu Mahendra,&nbsp;Andreas Soejitno,&nbsp;Aurelia Vania","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00737-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00737-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is an impairment of memory, learning power, concentration, reasoning, executive function, attention, and visuospatial during and after chemotherapy exposures. No proven safe and effective therapeutic regimen are available to improve cognitive function in CICI patients. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of curcumin extract to improve cognitive function in CICI patients. This study was a double-blind randomized controlled trial clinical trial in patients with cervical carcinoma who underwent a carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy regimen from March to October 2021 at single center hospital. Subjects divided into two groups that received curcumin and placebo caplets by dose escalation method from 240 to 400 mg intermittently (14 days on and 7 days off) between chemotherapy cycles. Cognitive function was evaluated pre- and post-therapy using the AFI questionnaire, Stroop test, and MoCA-Ina. A total of 78 subjects were equally divided into the treatment and control groups. The percentage of drop-out, mortality, and adverse drug response were relatively comparable between each treatment arm. The group of subjects receiving curcumin extract experienced clinically and statistically significant improvements in cognitive function based on the Stroop test (∆ median 8.57 vs. 2.46; Z − 4.503 vs. − 1.762;<i> p</i>  &lt; 0.0001 vs. 0.078) and MoCA- Ina (∆ mean 1.53 vs. 0.72; Z − 2.99 vs. − 2.05; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.003 vs. 0.04) versus placebo in between-group and between-subject analyses, respectively. Administration of curcumin extract with intermittent dose escalation regimen proved to be safe and able to improve cognitive function of CICI patients clinically and statistically significant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 3","pages":"813 - 822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13596-023-00737-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiofilm, cellular antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, and antimutagenic activities of soluble melanins from Randia echinocarpa fruit","authors":"Yesmi P. Ahumada-Santos,&nbsp;Gabriela López-Angulo,&nbsp;Rebeca M. Pinto-González,&nbsp;Aldo F. Clemente-Soto,&nbsp;José A. López-Valenzuela,&nbsp;Francisco Delgado-Vargas","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00735-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00735-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Melanins are widely distributed biopolymers that exhibit important biological activities. However, fruit melanins have been scarcely studied. In this work, the antibiofilm, cellular antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, and antimutagenic activities of soluble melanins (SMs) isolated from the <i>Randia echinocarpa</i> fruit (papache) were evaluated. The SMs inhibited biofilm formation in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> MDR and ATCC 43300 up to 60% at 1000 µg/mL; they presented a cellular antioxidant activity (60.02%) at 50 µg/mL, were immunomodulatory by increasing the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation index (1.09 at 50 μg/mL), and inhibited HeLa cell proliferation by 77.39% (IC₅₀ = 9.34 µg/mL). SMs were neither toxic nor mutagenic in the <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium YG1024 strain and inhibited the 1-nitropyrene mutagenicity by 30.2%. The biological activities of papache SMs support their potential to be used in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 3","pages":"801 - 812"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139533460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosurfactants as potential and sustainable substitutes for synthetic drugs against antimicrobial resistance and drug adverse effects: a review","authors":"John Adewole Alara,&nbsp;Oluwaseun Ruth Alara","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00734-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00734-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In modern medicine, one major advancement recorded is the discovery of antibiotics. For the past decades now, the use and misuse of antibiotics have led most clinically important pathogens to develop multiple drug resistance; thus, reducing the applications of these antibiotics. The challenges associated with multi-drug resistance require various strategies such as genomics and nanotechnology approaches, and these will require detailed studies on each antibiotic and response to identify the specific nature of the pathogens. The current SAR CoV-2 known as the COVID-19 pandemic, even if it is not related to this situation, has shown the emergence desire for strategies to fight such increasing public threats. New ways of studying innate compounds that have suitable effects to mitigate this problem have been extended. In recent times, there has been a dramatically increased interest in the production of biosurfactants for food processing, environmental bioremediation, improved oil recovery, and biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Biosurfactants can produce different biological activities including antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, haemolytic effects, and fibrin clotting inhibition. They had shown the capacity to destroy plasma membranes, improve cell membrane permeability, and eliminate metabolites. Thus, this review discusses the mechanisms of action, roles, applications, and available commercial products of biosurfactants focusing majorly on therapeutic and pharmaceutical perspectives. With their diversity, potential, and cost-effectiveness in the biomedical field, biosurfactants can be sourced as alternative molecules to synthetic drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 4","pages":"985 - 997"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The anti-cancer potential of active compounds extracted from Millettia griffoniana on pancreatic and colorectal cancer cells","authors":"Fatima Hoosen,&nbsp;Jordan Tonga Lembe,&nbsp;Derek Ndinteh,&nbsp;Tagatsing Fotsing Maurice,&nbsp;Yankep Emmanuel,&nbsp;Lesetja Raymond Motadi,&nbsp;Mpho Susan Choene","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00733-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00733-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pancreatic and colorectal cancer are two of the most lethal cancers; this stems from poor prognosis. Current treatments may lack effectiveness and produce dangerous side effects, hence a need for alternatives. Medicinal plants like <i>Millettia griffoniana</i> may possess anti-cancer properties. This study aimed to isolate and identify compounds from <i>M. griffoniana</i> to test for potential anti-cancer activity on pancreatic and colorectal cancer. Seeds and root bark of <i>M. griffoniana</i> underwent solvent extraction and separation using column chromatography. Isolated compounds were screened using AlamarBlue assays and cytotoxic compounds were identified with 2D NMR. Compounds were subject to cellular viability assays using AlamarBlue and xCELLigence analysis. The Caspase Glo®-3/7 kit measured caspase activity and Real-Time PCR analysis measured apoptosis-related gene expression. 7 compounds were isolated and screened. Compounds 5 and 7 were chosen; identified as durmillone and isojamaicin. Both showed varying concentration-dependent cytotoxic activity, in AlamarBlue and xCELLigence assays, for both cell lines. Caspases 3 and 7 were up-regulated and both compounds up-regulated <i>BAX</i> and down-regulated <i>BCL-2 a</i>nd <i>p53</i> in both cell lines. Durmillone and isojamaicin displayed cytotoxic activity on pancreatic and colorectal cancer. Apoptotic activity induced by the compounds was verified by the up-regulation of caspase activity and <i>BAX</i> and down-regulation of <i>BCL-2</i> and <i>p53</i>. Further studies need to be done towards understanding the mechanisms by which these compounds bring about their cytotoxic activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 3","pages":"789 - 800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13596-023-00733-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of cellulose acetate-EUSOL/polyvinyl alcohol-curcumin electro spun wound dressing for diabetic foot ulcer","authors":"Hajira Fatima,&nbsp;Bangul Khan,&nbsp;Abdul Qadir Ansari,&nbsp;Faraz Khan Mahar,&nbsp;Mujahid Mehdi","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00727-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00727-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus which grip the world with high comorbidity and mortality rates. The search for the best wound dressings has become more vital due to the rising population and incidence of chronic wounds. Wound dressings with nanofiber coatings have gained greater attention as creative and biocompatible materials. The Edinburg University Solution of Lime (EUSOL) is used an efficacious healing agent in the management of diabetic foot ulcer. In this work, we have fabricated a hybrid electro-spun nanofibrous patch of Cellulose Acetate (CA)/Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) with the encapsulation of therapeutic agent (EUSOL) and antimicrobial agent (Curcumin) respectively, for the immediate release of curcumin and sustain release of EUSOL to give antimicrobial effect and to promote granulation of tissues. The resultant Nano-fibrous films were characterized by SEM, ATR-FTIR, water contact angle measurement, tensile strength testing and UV–VIS Spectrophotometry to examine the morphology and chemical composition, wettability, stress–strain behavior and drug release profile. The drug release kinetics was evaluated through mathematical models Higuchi’s and Korsmeyer- Peppas. The characterization analysis shows the successful fabrication of nanofiber films. The release kinetic behavior of both encapsulated agents satisfied Higuchi’s model with co-efficient of correlation r2 = 0.91 and 0.86 which indicated that drug release diffusion is controlled. Dissolution was noticed as anomalous transport as fitted using Korsmeyer-Peppas equation. Consequently, the hybrid CA-EUSOL/PVA-Curcumin nanofibrous scaffolds are hopeful candidates for the sustainable and immediate release of therapeutic and antimicrobial agents to fabricate diabetic foot ulcer wound dressing.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 3","pages":"777 - 788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a Salvia officinalis and Hypericum perforatum mixture on improving memory and cognitive decline","authors":"Jiwon Lee,&nbsp;Shinhui Lee,&nbsp;Woonhee Jo,&nbsp;Hwee Won Ji,&nbsp;Minsu Pyeon,&nbsp;Myungmi Moon,&nbsp;Jihwon Yun,&nbsp;Junho H. Lee,&nbsp;Sung-Oh Sohn","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00732-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00732-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we explored the effects of herbal mixture containing Sage (<i>Salvia</i> <i>officinalis</i>) and St. John’s Wort (<i>Hypericum</i> <i>perforatum</i>) on cognitive and memory impairment, considering their known cognitive-enhancing properties. We identified ‘rosmarinic acid’ and ‘hyperoside’ as marker components influencing memory in Sage and St. John’s Wort, respectively. Quantification of these marker compounds in the herbal extracts was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell and murine microglia BV-2 cell, we investigated the effects of the herbal mixture on oxidative stress induced by scopolamine and lipopolysaccharide. Cell viability assays, nitric oxide level quantification, and measurement of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β) and catalase expression were performed. The results indicated positive effects of the herbal mixture on these parameters. Furthermore, the herbal mixture oral administered to mouse and induced intentional inflammatory responses and memory impairment by treating them with scopolamine. Cognitive and memory impairment were evaluated using Morris Water Maze and T-maze tests, while cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1β) and Catalase in mouse serum were quantified. The group receiving the herbal mixture at a concentration of 10 mg/kg demonstrated significantly reduced TNF-a and IL-1β levels, increased Catalase expression, and improved cognitive performance in the Morris Water Maze and T-maze tests. These findings suggest that the intake of the herbal mixture containing Sage (<i>S.</i> <i>officinalis</i>) and St. John’s Wort (<i>H.</i> <i>perforatum</i>) may ameliorate cognitive and memory impairment through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p>Sage (<i>Salvia officinalis</i>) and St. John’s wort (<i>Hypericum perforatum</i>) ethanol extract was mixed in a 1:1 ratio, and the effect of improving memory and cognition was confirmed through cell and animal experiments</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 2","pages":"633 - 649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates neurocognitive impairment in CRISPR-CAS9-induced knockout of DYRK1A gene in zebrafish model","authors":"S. Ankul Singh,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar Bhargav,&nbsp;Swathi Suresh,&nbsp;Chitra Vellapandian","doi":"10.1007/s13596-023-00728-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13596-023-00728-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Down Syndrome (DS) is the most widespread genetic disorder and a leading cause of mental retardation. It is assumed that the difference in DYRK1A gene expression with Trisomy 21 significantly contributes to several DS traits, including craniofacial or neurological malformation/deformity. Preparation of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) enriched fraction of <i>Camellia sinensis</i> and identification of compounds by GC–MS chromatogram analysis to identify the presence of bioactive compounds. Determination of total phenolics, flavonoids, DPPH assay, and catalase activity was carried out to quantify its presence. Microinjection during the embryonic stage was performed to observe GFP mCherry transcription through fluorescence imaging. T maze experimentation for various parameters with latency time was observed to test differences between each group. Brain histology was performed to observe neuronal changes in the brain. The total phenolic and flavonoid content shows anti-oxidative potency in EGCG hydroalcoholic extract. After the embryos were microinjected with gene editing materials, the transcription was cumulative with the success of gene editing. During the later phase of development, the knocked fishes had developmental errors in the craniofacial morphology. Morphological visualization reveals a maldevelopment in the gene knockout fish. T maze shows that each category's latency decreases with the increasing dose. EGCG has the potential to ameliorate cognitive impairment in CRISPR CAS9-induced DYRK1A gene knockout zebrafish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7613,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Traditional Medicine","volume":"24 2","pages":"617 - 631"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}