American Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Response to Wei.","authors":"Nora Vladimirova, Jakob M Møller, Johan Burisch, Mikkel Østergaard","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003380","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Benign Esophageal Disorders.","authors":"John E Pandolfino, Ronnie Fass, Walter W Chan, C Prakash Gyawali","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003467","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are essential tools for assessing a patient's subjective experience related to disease and health. PROs measure symptom severity and evaluate treatment efficacy across a range of conditions at a particular point in time. Although PROs focusing on esophageal symptoms and esophageal hypervigilance exist, disease-specific PROs for commonly encountered benign esophageal disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), and achalasia are limited. Most GERD-specific PROs fail to address the complete spectrum of GERD presentations and those that provide daily assessment are more suited for research. Similarly, many EoE-specific PROs were designed for clinical trials. Comprehensive instruments incorporating EoE symptoms, as well as endoscopic and histologic features of active inflammation and fibrostenotic changes are needed. The psychometric properties of the Eckardt Score used for achalasia have significant limitations, stemming primarily from the dominance of dysphagia in scoring. Newer achalasia-specific PROs attempt to overcome this by capturing nuanced patient experiences. Broader symptom PROs are often used to assess esophageal symptoms across the spectrum of benign esophageal disorders, including a PRO that assesses esophageal hypervigilance and symptom-specific anxiety. Future efforts should focus on creating user-friendly PROs that comprehensively evaluate not just clinical presentation but also the disease state, which will enhance clinical symptom follow-up, quality of life assessment, and research applications. Assessments of hypervigilance and visceral anxiety will complement these applications as these measures are both a PRO and an important moderator of symptom severity and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existential Reflections by Older Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases on Medical and Surgical Treatments.","authors":"Alison Rusher, Alexandra Fuss, Elizabeth Araka, Christy Cauley, Sevdenur Cizginer, Christine Ritchie, Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan, Bharati Kochar","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003475","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Current treatment guidelines do not address the unique health risks or life priorities of the aging population with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Patient priority-directed care approaches can facilitate better clinical management for this population. We aimed to explore the experiences of older adults with IBD in relation with medical and surgical treatments by investigating the factors that influence their decision making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with 22 patients aged 60 years or older who spoke English and received treatment of IBD at our center. We designed the interview guide using the Patient Priorities Care conceptual model to evaluate motives behind treatment decisions and goals. We used qualitative description and reflexive theoretical analysis to identify underlying themes specific to the lived experience of older adults with IBD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Responses fit into 3 domains: (A) treatment decisions, (B) treatment reflections, and (C) treatment goals. Themes featured importance of trust in shared decision making, resignation, acceptance, impact of treatments, anticipatory anxiety, finding meaningful life through treatment, maintaining remission, de-escalating medical therapy, and restoring normalcy. We found that having IBD at an older age creates a unique identify conflict. We learned that the most commonly identified treatment outcome is to feel \"normal.\" Patients felt resigned and anxious when making treatment decisions, yet grateful for the chance of remission.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Supporting older adults with IBD to feel less resigned with their disease is critical. Providers should consider redefining what \"feeling normal\" means to facilitate disease acceptance and present treatment information with minimal bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overweight and Obesity-Associated Gastric Cancer Among Non-Asians.","authors":"Yong Zhou, Yan Sun","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003072","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"930"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of \"Long-Term Outcomes of Additional Surgery After Endoscopic Resection Versus Primary Surgery for T1 Colorectal Cancer\".","authors":"Yu Yang, Yaling Li, Yuhan Wang, Zhihui Song, Jun Li","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003067","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"924-925"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Adopting a Gluten-Free Diet on Exposure to Arsenic and Other Heavy Metals in Children With Celiac Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Nan Du, Denis Chang, Jason Boisvert, Bridget Hron, Rachel Rosen, Tracy Punshon, Jocelyn Silvester","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003117","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the primary treatment of celiac disease (CeD), a gluten-driven enteropathy. Concerns have been raised about increased exposure to arsenic from a GFD because rice, which naturally bioaccumulates arsenic, is commonly used as a substitute for gluten-containing grains such as wheat. We hypothesize that arsenic exposure increases in newly diagnosed children with CeD after they adopt a GFD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-center prospective longitudinal cohort study of children (age 2-18 years) with elevated celiac serology who underwent a diagnostic endoscopy before initiation of a GFD between January and May 2022. The primary outcome was change in urinary arsenic concentration between endoscopy and after 6 months on a GFD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 67 recruited participants, 50 had a biopsy diagnostic of CeD and were invited to continue the study. Thirty-five participants completed sample collection. Participants were from a middle-class, well-educated population that was predominantly White with presenting symptoms of abdominal pain (51%) and diarrhea (29%). After 6 months on a GFD, there was a significant increase in the median urinary arsenic concentration (3.3 µg/L vs 13.6 µg/L, P = 0.000004). In regression models, family history of CeD and Hispanic ethnicity were associated with having a higher urinary arsenic concentration after 6 months on a GFD.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Children with newly diagnosed CeD have increased arsenic exposure shortly after transitioning to a GFD. While the arsenic levels were well below acutely toxic concentrations, the clinical impact of chronic exposure to mildly elevated arsenic levels is unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"883-889"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delivery of Outpatient Cirrhosis Care Through Tele-Visit Is Not Associated With Increased Mortality as Compared With Traditional In-Person Visits.","authors":"Abhishek Shenoy, Autumn N Valicevic, Allison Lin, Grace L Su, Sameer D Saini, Hyungjin Myra Kim, Megan A Adams","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000002979","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000002979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Providers and patients have expressed concern that care provided through telehealth results in poorer outcomes than traditional in-person care. On the contrary, we hypothesized that patients with cirrhosis engaging in video/phone-based outpatient gastroenterology/hepatology tele-visits do not differ in mortality from those receiving in-person outpatient clinic visits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, case-control study using Veterans Health Administration administrative data of veterans with a cirrhosis diagnosis. Cases were patients who died between April 2021 and July 2022 and had a cirrhosis diagnosis for ≥1 year before death. For each case, a control was randomly selected from the pool of patients alive on the date of death of the case (index date) and matched on age, average Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, and number of gastroenterology/hepatology clinic visits in the prior year. Primary exposure variable was % tele-visits (video/phone) out of total visits in the year before the index date, scaled in 10% increments. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the association between mortality and % tele-visits. A secondary analysis matched on electronic Child-Turcotte-Pugh score rather than Model for End-Stage Liver Disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two thousand nine hundred thirty-three cases were identified and matched with 2,933 controls. After adjusting for covariates, tele-visit-based outpatient care was associated with a small reduction in mortality (odds ratio TH = 0.95, 95% confidence interval = 0.94-0.97). Matching on electronic Child-Turcotte-Pugh score did not change the results.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings suggest that outpatient cirrhosis care by tele-visit is associated with outcomes no worse than traditional in-person visits. This should reassure providers who hesitate to provide virtual care to patients with cirrhosis due to concerns for poorer outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"837-843"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External Submucosal Dissection of an Anal Canal Polyp.","authors":"Yanjun Song, Xin Sun, Chang Ge, Ruyuan Li","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000002890","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000002890","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"703"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141900651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When and What to Test for Diarrhea: Focus on Stool Testing.","authors":"Michael Camilleri","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003175","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To review stool diagnostic tests in acute and chronic diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Narrative review of published literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In acute diarrhea, stool tests are indicated when there is strong pretest probability of infectious etiology or Clostridioides difficile infection suggested by > 3 unformed bowel movements per 24 hours, symptoms lasting >7 days, and circumstances that are suggestive of infection. Several commercially available rapid tests for bacterial, viral, or protozoal infections may be offered in addition to traditional methods (e.g. culture, microscopy) and provide a result within 6 hours. For C . difficile infections, a highly sensitive test such as glutamate dehydrogenase test is required; however, this does not distinguish infection from carrier state. That differentiation requires specialized nucleic acid amplification test (for toxin B) or enzyme immunoassays for toxin A or B, which are unfortunately not generally offered by microbiology laboratories. Chronic diarrhea may result from inflammatory, fatty, osmotic, or secretory causes; the commonest cause is diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome/functional diarrhea. Current recommendations in societal guidelines or clinical practice updates regarding stool tests in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome/functional diarrhea in the absence of alarm symptoms include testing for Giardia, calprotectin, fecal immunochemical test, and bile acid diarrhea. Comprehensive stool biochemical analyses (osmolality, pH, electrolytes) differentiate osmotic from secretory diarrhea and identify laxative abuse. Specific stool diagnostic tests for bile acid diarrhea and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency can lead to specific diagnosis and treatments. Surrogate markers associated with high fecal output and rapid transit in chronic diarrhea are stool form and colonic transit.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Fecal testing is still very relevant in the practice of gastroenterology and deserves introduction of advanced microbiological and biochemical tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"778-784"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet-Delivered Exposure-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Clinical Effectiveness Study.","authors":"Hugo Wallén, Brjánn Ljótsson, Perjohan Lindfors, Erik Forsell, Hugo Hesser, Cecilia Svanborg","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003059","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common and debilitating disorder. When dietary and pharmacological interventions are not satisfactory, psychological treatment may produce good results. However, the access to such treatment is scarce, and therefore, it is of importance to make use of technical solutions. In this study, we wanted to investigate the real-world effectiveness of an Internet-delivered exposure-based cognitive behavior therapy (ECBT) for IBS and to replicate an earlier finding regarding the working mechanism of the treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 309 consecutively recruited patients from the Internet Psychiatry Clinic in Stockholm received ECBT for 12 weeks. The patients' IBS symptoms, quality of life, avoidance behaviors, and gastrointestinal symptom-specific anxiety were monitored, and we used a bivariate cross-lagged panel model to investigate time-related change in symptoms and avoidance behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IBS symptoms, measured with the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale for IBS, were reduced from 48.06 (SD = 11.26) before treatment to 33.06 (SD = 10.81) 6 months after treatment ( P < 0.001). The effect size (calculated by Cohen d ) was 1.30 (1.08-1.51). There was a significant ( P < 0.001) cross-lagged effect from reduction in avoidance behavior to reduction in symptoms but not in the reverse direction, indicating that the treatment effect is mediated by behavioral change.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We conclude that ECBT is effective under real-world conditions, also when delivered through the Internet, and that an important treatment mechanism is the reduction of avoidance behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"856-863"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142078864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}