American Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Increasing Prevalence of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome in Young Adults and Minority Populations.","authors":"Akari Miki, Megha Tandon, Dina Murad, Julia Loughman, Jodi Gilman, Sushrut Jangi","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prevalence rates for cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) across demographic groups remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Massachusetts Center for Health Information and Analysis to estimate the rates of CHS from 2012 - 2021, across > 15 million emergency department (ED) visits and demographic groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CHS cases per 10,000 ED visits increased from 0.729 to 10.6 in Massachusetts (2012-2021). Individuals aged 18-34 experienced the fastest rise in CHS prevalence, with young adults, Hispanic individuals, Black individuals, and males having the overall highest 10-year prevalence.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Younger adults, Hispanic individuals and Black individuals may be at higher risk for presenting with CHS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DRESS syndrome in patients with drug-induced liver injury: Characteristics and HLA risk factors.","authors":"Sahand Rahnama-Moghadam, Nitin Arora, Raj Vuppalanchi, Yi Ju Li, Jiezhun Gu, Huiman Barnhart, Elizabeth Phillips, Naga Chalasani","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) can sometimes occur in patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI). However, detailed studies of DRESS in patients with DILI from the US are lacking. We investigated the characteristics and HLA risks for DILI who also developed DRESS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with definite, highly likely, or probable DILI enrolled into US DILI Network studies between September 2004 and August 2023 were included. DRESS was defined based on modified RegiSCAR criteria. HLA alleles were compared between DILI-DRESS cases and two control groups (DILI with non-DRESS rash [n=244] and DILI without rash [n=1637).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,121 participants with DILI during the study period, 128 participants had DRESS (6%). The most frequently implicated drugs causing DRESS were trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, lamotrigine, phenytoin, allopurinol, and vancomycin. Compared to 1993 DILI patients without DRESS, patients with DILI + DRESS were younger (mean age 42.3 yrs vs 50.6 years), more likely to be Black (26% vs 12%), had shorter latency (median 31 days vs 47 days), higher frequency of rash (100% vs 13%), eosinophilia (55% vs 13%), and fever (76% vs 16%) (P<0.001 for all). Compared to DILI without DRESS, DILI + DRESS had more severe liver injury (severe/fatal: 45% vs 21.5%, p<0.001) and higher overall (15.6% vs 6.3%, P<0.001) and liver-related (9% vs 2.3%, p < 0.001) mortality. HLA A*32:01, HLA B*53:01 and HLA B*58:01 were significantly enriched in DILI-DRESS cases, compared to control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with DILI and DRESS are younger, more likely to be Black, had shorter time to DILI onset with more severe liver injury and higher overall and liver-related mortality. HLA A*32:01, HLA B*53:01 and HLA B*58:01 are risk factors for DILI-DRESS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world experience of home continuous terlipressin infusion for complications of portal hypertension.","authors":"Brooke Chapman, Marie Sinclair, Avik Majumdar, Catherine Yu, James Widdop, Rudolf Hoermann, Kate Collins, Ryma Terbah, Katrina Tan, Adam Testro","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background aims: </strong>Home continuous terlipressin infusion (CTI) is an emerging therapy for the treatment of portal hypertensive complications in decompensated cirrhosis. This study presents efficacy and safety data of long-term CTI in a longitudinal cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients treated with at least 2 weeks of home CTI for portal hypertensive complications between 2013-2023 were included. Recorded data include handgrip strength (HGS), weight, serum biochemistry, and paracentesis frequency pre- and during CTI. Adverse events related to CTI as well as unplanned readmissions before and during CTI were recorded. Patients were followed until liver transplantation, CTI cessation, death, or census date.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and two transplant-eligible patients with median MELD-Na 24 (IQR 20-29) were treated with CTI for 84 (58-151) days. Compared to pre-CTI, HGS increased by 2.84kg [95% CI 1.89-3.80], whilst body weight reduced by 10.6kg [95% CI -12.70 to -8.52] (both p<0.0001). Paracentesis frequency reduced by 58% (p=0.006) and median creatinine by 0.61mg/dL [95% CI -0.87 to -0.3] (p<0.001). Serum sodium did not significantly change. Over a cumulative total of 12,312 days, 49 treatment-related adverse events were recorded in 36 patients, 84% of which were central line-related. There were no vascular events, episodes of pulmonary oedema or events requiring treatment cessation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the safety of home CTI in a real-world cohort of over 100 well-selected transplant-eligible patients with decompensated cirrhosis. It confirms previous findings that long-term CTI is associated with increased HGS and reduced paracentesis, in addition to its established benefit on renal function. These data provide strong clinical rationale for further prospective randomized trials to investigate the use of CTI as a bridge to liver transplant.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth outcomes in women who have taken vedolizumab in pregnancy: results from the Vedolizumab Pregnancy Exposure Registry.","authors":"Christina D Chambers, Diana L Johnson, Yunjun Luo, Ronghui Xu, Margaret P Adam, Stephen R Braddock, Kenneth Lyons Jones","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003593","DOIUrl":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are limited data on the safety of vedolizumab in pregnancy for the treatment of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Between 2015 and 2022, the Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS) conducted a prospective, observational pregnancy registry study with 275 pregnant women residing in the U.S. or Canada. Women were enrolled in one of three cohorts: vedolizumab-exposed (N=99); disease-matched unexposed to vedolizumab, but treated with another biologic in pregnancy (N=76); or unexposed with no chronic health conditions (N=100). Women and their infants were followed up to one year postpartum with maternal interviews, questionnaires, medical records abstraction, and a subset of infants who received a physical examination. Study outcomes were major structural birth defects, minor birth defects, pregnancy loss, preterm delivery, pre- and post-natal growth deficiency, serious or opportunistic infections, malignancies, and developmental milestones. In the overall registry, 17/275 (6.2%) of pregnancies were lost-to-follow-up. Among pregnancies ending in at least one liveborn infant, 7/94 (7.4%) in the vedolizumab-exposed cohort compared to 4/71 (5.6%) in the disease-matched cohort had a major birth defect (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.07, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.33, 3.52). Compared to the disease-matched cohort, women in the vedolizumab-exposed group were not statistically significantly more likely to experience spontaneous abortion (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.01, 95% CI 0.17, 5.89). Women in the vedolizumab-exposed group were slightly but not significantly more likely to deliver preterm (aHR 1.58, 95% CI 0.65, 3.82). No significant increased risks were noted with vedolizumab exposure for any of the other study outcomes. These data add reassuring evidence in support of the safety of vedolizumab in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of MASLD and associated comorbidities on Cognitive and Health-related Quality of Life outcomes in a Mixed MASLD-T2DM Cohort.","authors":"Nuria Perez-Diaz-Del-Campo, Gabriele Castelnuovo, Arianna Ferro, Gian Paolo Caviglia, Chiara Rosso, Eleonora Dileo, Marta Guariglia, Angelo Armandi, Francesca Saba, Giorgio Maria Saracco, Federica Barutta, Guglielmo Beccuti, Gabriella Gruden, Zobair M Younossi, Elisabetta Bugianesi","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background aims: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) coexists with multiple comorbidities that contribute to impaired vascular function, worsening cognitive impairment, and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of MASLD and related comorbidities on cognitive function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 601 overweight/obese patients with MASLD and/or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included. Liver stiffness (LS) measurement and steatosis were assessed by transient elastography and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), respectively. Cognitive function and HRQoL were evaluated using the RBANS and SF-36 questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MASLD-related comorbidities were found to significantly and clinically affect cognitive function and HRQoL. Patients with severe steatosis (CAP≥300 dB/m, n=378) exhibited median cognitive scores falling into the abnormal range (p=0.056), with statistically significant lower scores in physical functioning (p<0.001), vitality (p=0.011), general health (p=0.001), and immediate memory (p=0.034), as well as a trend toward lower visuospatial/construction scores (p=0.058) than CAP<300 dB/m. Among patients with significant or high LS (LS≥8 kPa, n=69), lower physical functioning (p<0.001), higher limitations physical (p=0.004), and worse general health (p=0.011) were observed compared to those with LS<8 kPa. In the multivariate adjusted analyses, CAP≥300 dB/m was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (OR:1.42, 95% CI 1.0; 2.0, p=0.045), whereas LS≥8 kPa was associated with higher limitations physical (OR:1.9, 95% CI 1.1; 3.2, p=0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the relationship between MASLD severity and impairment in cognitive function and HRQoL, underscoring its multifactorial nature. Specifically, severe hepatic steatosis may be a risk factor for cognitive decline, whereas significant or high liver stiffness appears to have a greater impact on HRQoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular risk assessment tools are insufficient for patients with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease.","authors":"A Sidney Barritt, Elliot B Tapper, Philip N Newsome, Derek Gazis, Heather Morris, Andrea R Mospan, Anthony Daniel Perez, Yestle Kim, Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri, Rohit Loomba, Arun Sanyal","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Risk for cardiovascular (CV) events is estimated by the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) and the American Heart Association Predicting Risk of CVD EVENTs (PREVENT) equation. The applicability of these risk tools in patients with MASLD is uncertain. This study sought to determine the accuracy of the FRS, PCE, and PREVENT in a real-world cohort of patients with MASLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included US adults ≥ age 30 with MASLD in the TARGET-NASH study. Five to ten-year CV risk was estimated using original and recalibrated versions of the FRS and PCE, and original PREVENT equation. Discrimination among prediction models was assessed using Harrell's concordance statistic and calibration was evaluated using a modified Hosmer Lemeshow test comparing observed and predicted CV events. Logistic regression was used to assess the contribution of liver disease to observed CV events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1,090 patients were included. There was an increase in observed CV events from MASL to cirrhosis. FRS demonstrated a weak ability to identify patients who went on to experience a CV event (C-statistic 0.58, 95% CI 0.52-0.63) as did the AHA PREVENT model (C-statistic 0.60, 95% CI 0.54-0.65). Both the FRS and PCE demonstrated a significant lack of calibration (p<0.01), with overestimation in the highest deciles and underestimation in the lowest deciles of predicted risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Commonly used tools to identify CV risk performed poorly in a cohort of patients with MASLD. As CV related death is the greatest source of mortality among patients with MASLD, better risk assessment tools are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Lei Sun, Yichen Zhou, Yue Lv, Wei Ye","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Zhenglei Xu, Lisheng Wang, Yueming Peng, Chao Yang","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists with Liver-Related Outcomes and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Harmful Alcohol Use: A Target Trial Emulation Study.","authors":"Binu V John, Dustin Bastaich, Daniella Marchetti, Ponni Perumalswami, Mixael Zirio Mustafa, Bassam Dahman","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Anecdotal observations report a decrease in craving for alcohol among patients taking glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA). We aimed to assess liver-related outcomes and mortality among individuals with harmful alcohol use who received GLP-1 RAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We emulated a target trial using the electronic health records of U.S. Veterans with positive alcohol use disorders-concise score (AUDIT-C), comparing new initiators of GLP-1RA between 1/3/2017 and 9/30/2024, with controls, with follow-up until outcomes or study end. Each GLP-1 RA new user with a positive AUDIT-C screen was propensity score-matched 1:1 with a patient not on a GLP-1RA. The primary outcomes were the time to a composite outcome of decompensation, HCC, liver-related death, and all-cause mortality. The secondary outcome was the proportion of patients with positive AUDIT-C scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We matched 8040 patients with positive AUDIT-C initiated on GLP-1 RA with 8040 non-initiators. GLP-1 RA use was associated with a lower risk of composite liver-related outcomes (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.70; 95% CI 0.56-0.87), and death (aHR 0.43, 95% CI 0.37-0.49). Among Semaglutide users, a 1 mg/week dose increase was associated with a reduced risk of composite liver-related outcomes (aHR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.88) and death (aHR 0.33, 95% CI 0.19-0.58). GLP-1 RA use was also associated with lower odds of positive AUDIT-C during follow-up (aOR 0.75, 95% CI 0.68-0.82).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this observational target trial emulation study, GLP-1 RA use was associated with a lower risk of liver outcomes, death, and harmful alcohol use.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global prevalence of celiac disease in patients with Rome III and Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohamed G Shiha, Annalisa Schiepatti, Francesca Manza, Stiliano Maimaris, Imran Aziz, David S Sanders","doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000003586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and celiac disease (CeD) are common disorders that share overlapping symptoms. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to provide up-to-date and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of CeD in patients with IBS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched several databases through January 2025 for studies reporting the prevalence of CeD in patients with IBS. Eligible studies used Rome III or Rome IV criteria for IBS diagnosis and used serological screening with tissue transglutaminase, endomysial antibodies, or deamidated gliadin peptide, and/or confirmatory duodenal biopsies for CeD diagnosis. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of seropositive and biopsy-proven coeliac disease with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) to compare the likelihood of CeE between patients with IBS and controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29 studies comprising 7,209 patients with IBS were included. The pooled seroprevalence of CeD in patients with IBS was 6% (95% CI, 5% - 8%), and the pooled prevalence of biopsy-proven CeD was 2% (95% CI, 2% - 3%). A significant proportion of seropositive patients (15%; 95% CI, 6% - 24%) did not undergo endoscopy and biopsy. Patients with IBS had significantly higher odds of a positive serology than controls (OR 4.42; 95% CI, 2.82 - 6.92). The odds of CeD were similar across genders and IBS subtypes. There was a limited number of studies from Europe and no studies from the United States.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CeD is highly prevalent in patients with IBS, according to the Rome III and Rome IV criteria. A positive diagnosis of IBS should not be made without excluding CeD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7608,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}