Journal of human stress最新文献_第10页

The impact of psychological distress on the control of hypertension. 心理困扰对高血压控制的影响。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935024

K J Egan, H N Kogan, A Garber, M Jarrett

{"title":"The impact of psychological distress on the control of hypertension.","authors":"K J Egan, H N Kogan, A Garber, M Jarrett","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935024","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has yielded inconsistent results in the control of essential hypertension. One explanation for response to drug or behavioral therapy may be the patient's psychological status upon entering treatment. Thirty-five borderline hypertensive males entered into a self-management program with biofeedback and cognitive restructuring components. The SCL-90 (Symptom Checklist-90) and the Holmes' Schedule of Recent Events were used to determine if responders and nonresponders could be distinguished prior to treatment on the basis of psychological status. Patients whose hypertension was resistant to treatment (diastolic greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg) reported significantly greater levels of psychological distress and greater life changes than did controlled patients. Pretreatment differences could not be explained by compliance or expectation of success. This study suggests that a relationship exists between psychological distress, life changes and the subsequent control of hypertension; this has implications for treatment selection and design for psychologically distressed individuals.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"9 4","pages":"4-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17734691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Physical symptom reporting and health perception among type A and B college males. A型和B型大学男性躯体症状报告与健康感知。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935026

K E Hart

{"title":"Physical symptom reporting and health perception among type A and B college males.","authors":"K E Hart","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935026","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation studied the relationship of Type A behavior to physical symptom reporting and self-appraised health status. The student version of the Jenkins Activity Survey was administered to thirty male college seniors during a high-stress period of the semester. Results showed that Type A's reported relatively fewer physical symptoms and perceived themselves as being more healthy than Type B's. Type A individuals also rated themselves as healthier than their peers, whereas Type B individuals rated themselves as being less healthy than their peers. In addition, symptom reporting and health perception were negatively correlated in the Type B subsample; however, this relationship was not evident in the Type A subsample. In the discussion, it was suggested that the attentional style of Type A's may contribute to lower levels of symptom reporting and faulty appraisals of health status. The notion of an attributional bias whereby Type A's define internal somatovisceral states differently than Type B's was also discussed. Finally, the results were discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the mechanisms through which Type A behaviors might translate into increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"9 4","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17734687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Weighted versus unweighted life event scores: is there a difference? 加权和非加权生活事件得分:有区别吗?

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935028

M Zimmerman

引用次数: 27

Type A in relation to job-stress, social and bioclinical variables: the Belgian Physical Fitness Study. A型与工作压力、社会和生物临床变量的关系:比利时体质研究。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935029

F Kittel, M Kornitzer, G De Backer, M Dramaix, J Sobolski, S Degré, H Denolin

{"title":"Type A in relation to job-stress, social and bioclinical variables: the Belgian Physical Fitness Study.","authors":"F Kittel, M Kornitzer, G De Backer, M Dramaix, J Sobolski, S Degré, H Denolin","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935029","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on the relationship of Type A behavior, a suspected coronary-prone behavior pattern in its overall or specific aspects, to \"stress\" experienced at work, and to social and coronary bioclinical risk factors. In order to measure Type A behavior and Job-Stress, respectively, the Jenkins Activity Survey Questionnaire (J.A.S. for employed persons, 1969 version) and a self-constructed Job-Stress Questionnaire were administered at a base-line examination to 2,302 men aged 40-50 years. The multivariate analysis shows: A strong Type A behavior-Job-Stress relationship; An important relationship between employment grade, educational attainment and--to a lesser extent--, marital status and, overall Type A behavior, Speed and Impatience and Job-Involvement, A weak relationship between cholesterol and triglycerides (not found in univariate analysis), and, overall Type A behavior; a small weak relationship between smoking habits, and, Speed and Impatience and Hard-Driving. A direct relationship between heavy physical activity during leisure-time and Job-Involvement.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"9 4","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9935029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17734690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

The influence of two different sets of information and suggestions on the subjective effects of relaxation. 两组不同的信息和建议对放松主观效应的影响。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936128

F Borgeat, A Stravynski, L Chaloult

引用次数: 10

Essential hypertension and social coping behavior: experimental findings. 原发性高血压与社会应对行为:实验结果。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936126

W Linden, M Feuerstein

{"title":"Essential hypertension and social coping behavior: experimental findings.","authors":"W Linden, M Feuerstein","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936126","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the hypothesis that mild hypertensives display a distinctive response pattern to interpersonal stress that includes: inadequate social skills, negative cognitive set and cardiovascular hyperreactivity. After completing a set of questionnaires measuring anxiety and cognitive style, subjects monitored interpersonal stress in the natural environment. Following this, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded while subjects interacted with trained role-players in two types of role-play situations: individualized high distress and low distress situations. Hypertensives reported comparable anxiety and were evaluated as equally skilled when compared to normotensives. The cognitive reaction pattern however, discriminated between the groups with hypertensives perceiving less stress and displaying a 'repressive-defensive' cognitive style. Hypertensives displayed a hyperresponse on systolic blood pressure but not on heart rate. With regard to diastolic pressure, controls reacted according to prediction with high distress situations resulting in greater diastolic change than low distress situations. Hypertensives, however, showed the reverse of this pattern with no increase in diastolic pressure during the high distress situations.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"9 3","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17710243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 44

Selective cardiovascular effects of stress and cigarette smoking. 压力和吸烟对心血管的选择性影响。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936125

J M MacDougall, T M Dembroski, S Slaats, J A Herd, R S Eliot

{"title":"Selective cardiovascular effects of stress and cigarette smoking.","authors":"J M MacDougall, T M Dembroski, S Slaats, J A Herd, R S Eliot","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936125","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to determine how cigarette smoking and psychological stress combine to affect cardiovascular function. Stress was operationally defined as playing a series of difficult video games under challenging instructional conditions. Following an initial test game, 51 smokers were randomly assigned to a 2 (smoke vs. sham smoke) X 2 (stress vs. no stress) design. The results showed that the subjects who sham smoked (inhaled unlit cigarettes) under no stress evidenced minimal changes in cardiovascular parameters. Subjects who smoked under no stress evidenced approximately 12 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 9 mmHg increases in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and a 15 beat-per-minute increase in heart rate (HR). These effects were similar in magnitude to those seen in subjects who sham smoked under stress. By contrast, subjects who smoked under stress showed markedly larger increases in all cardiovascular parameters, approximately doubling the magnitude of the observed response over that seen with either smoking or stress alone. Correlational analyses suggested the presence of stable individual differences in autonomic lability or sensitivity. Possible mechanisms are suggested whereby stress and smoking may combine to heighten the risk for coronary disease.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"9 3","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17710242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

Does blood pressure usually rise with age? . . . Or with stress? 血压通常会随着年龄的增长而升高吗?……还是压力?

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936124

C D Jenkins, P D Somervell, C G Hames

{"title":"Does blood pressure usually rise with age? . . . Or with stress?","authors":"C D Jenkins, P D Somervell, C G Hames","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936124","url":null,"abstract":"To determine whether blood pressure increases commonly accompany the aging process or reports of psychological distress during adulthood, successive blood pressure readings from eight to 14 annual health examinations of 172 employed men were studied. Longitudinal analysis showed that blood pressures tended to decline on the average over the first four examinations, possibly a familiarization effect. Even during the later period (extending four to ten years), 45 percent had no systematic increase in systolic pressure and 60 percent no systematic increase in diastolic pressure (i.e., averaging 0.5 mm/Hg per year or greater). Older and heavier men had higher mean pressures, as did those men with higher anxiety and hostility scores. The slope of blood pressure increase in the later part of the period of observation was greater for individuals who reported lower amounts of stress. There is need to discover additional correlates of systematic blood pressure increase over time. It appears, however, that about half of adult men do not experience steady blood pressure increases with aging. While anxiety and hostility correlate with concurrent blood pressure levels, neither these variables nor other estimates of stress were positively correlated with increasing blood pressure levels over these years.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"9 3","pages":"4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17710245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Assessment of type A behavior in preschoolers. 学龄前儿童A型行为的评估。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936127

J L Murray, J G Bruhn, H Bunce

引用次数: 17

Control, desirability, and anticipation as moderating variables between life change and illness. 控制，期望和预期是生活变化和疾病之间的调节变量。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1983-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936120

K B Matheny, P Cupp

{"title":"Control, desirability, and anticipation as moderating variables between life change and illness.","authors":"K B Matheny, P Cupp","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936120","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of literature supports a relationship between life change events and illness. The present study is an investigation of cognitive processes which moderate the life change-illness relationship. The moderator variables chosen for this study were perceived control, desirability, and anticipation of life change events. One hundred and twenty-six subjects (65 males, 61 females) reported illness using the Seriousness of Illness Rating Scale, and life change events using the Schedule of Recent Experiences, adapted to collect data on the moderator variables. Correlation coefficients were computed for all conditions reflecting the presence of positive and negative moderator variables. Each of the negative moderator variables was related to significant changes (p less than .05 and p less than .01) in the strength of the life change-illness relationship, with perceived control emerging as a variable with the greatest impact in all cases. Two unexpected findings emerged: (1) The relationship between life change and illness was much stronger for females than for males in all comparisons, and (2) for females only, desirable events were positively related to illness. The evidence of this study supports the contention that stress management strategies should include considerations of cognitive variables which moderate the life change-illness relationship.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"9 2","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1983.9936120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17686592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48