Selective cardiovascular effects of stress and cigarette smoking.

J M MacDougall, T M Dembroski, S Slaats, J A Herd, R S Eliot
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引用次数: 45

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to determine how cigarette smoking and psychological stress combine to affect cardiovascular function. Stress was operationally defined as playing a series of difficult video games under challenging instructional conditions. Following an initial test game, 51 smokers were randomly assigned to a 2 (smoke vs. sham smoke) X 2 (stress vs. no stress) design. The results showed that the subjects who sham smoked (inhaled unlit cigarettes) under no stress evidenced minimal changes in cardiovascular parameters. Subjects who smoked under no stress evidenced approximately 12 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 9 mmHg increases in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and a 15 beat-per-minute increase in heart rate (HR). These effects were similar in magnitude to those seen in subjects who sham smoked under stress. By contrast, subjects who smoked under stress showed markedly larger increases in all cardiovascular parameters, approximately doubling the magnitude of the observed response over that seen with either smoking or stress alone. Correlational analyses suggested the presence of stable individual differences in autonomic lability or sensitivity. Possible mechanisms are suggested whereby stress and smoking may combine to heighten the risk for coronary disease.

压力和吸烟对心血管的选择性影响。
本研究的目的是确定吸烟和心理压力是如何共同影响心血管功能的。压力在操作上被定义为在具有挑战性的教学条件下玩一系列困难的电子游戏。在最初的测试游戏之后,51名吸烟者被随机分配到2(吸烟vs假吸烟)x2(压力vs无压力)的设计中。结果表明,在没有压力的情况下,假吸烟(吸入未点燃的香烟)的受试者心血管参数的变化很小。在无压力情况下吸烟的受试者收缩压(SBP)增加约12毫米汞柱,舒张压(DBP)增加约9毫米汞柱,心率(HR)每分钟增加15次。这些影响在程度上与在压力下假装吸烟的受试者相似。相比之下,在压力下吸烟的受试者在所有心血管参数中表现出明显更大的增长,大约是吸烟或压力单独观察到的反应的两倍。相关分析表明,自主不稳定性或敏感性存在稳定的个体差异。可能的机制提出,压力和吸烟可能结合起来增加冠心病的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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