American journal of physical anthropology最新文献_第4页

Obituary: Shelley Rae Saunders (1950-2008). 讣告:谢莉·雷·桑德斯(1950-2008)。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21123

M Anne Katzenberg, D Ann Herring, Charles M Fitzgerald

引用次数: 0

Discrimination of extant Pan species and subspecies using the enamel-dentine junction morphology of lower molars. 利用下磨牙牙釉质-牙本质连接形态鉴别现存牙颌种和亚种。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21057

Matthew M Skinner, Philipp Gunz, Bernard A Wood, Christophe Boesch, Jean-Jacques Hublin

{"title":"Discrimination of extant Pan species and subspecies using the enamel-dentine junction morphology of lower molars.","authors":"Matthew M Skinner, Philipp Gunz, Bernard A Wood, Christophe Boesch, Jean-Jacques Hublin","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.21057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21057","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has demonstrated that species and subspecies of extant chimpanzees and bonobos can be distinguished on the basis of the shape of their molar crowns. Thus, there is potential for fossil taxa, particularly fossil hominins, to be distinguished at similar taxonomic levels using molar crown morphology. Unfortunately, due to occlusal attrition, the original crown morphology is often absent in fossil teeth, and this has limited the amount of shape information used to discriminate hominin molars. The enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) of molar teeth preserves considerable shape information, particularly in regard to the original shape of the crown, and remains present through the early stages of attrition. In this study, we investigate whether the shape of the EDJ of lower first and second molars can distinguish species and subspecies of extant Pan. Micro-computed tomography was employed to non-destructively image the EDJ, and geometric morphometric analytical methods were used to compare EDJ shape among samples of Pan paniscus (N = 17), Pan troglodytes troglodytes (N = 13), and Pan troglodytes verus (N = 18). Discriminant analysis indicates that EDJ morphology distinguishes among extant Pan species and subspecies with a high degree of reliability. The morphological differences in EDJ shape among the taxa are subtle and relate to the relative height and position of the dentine horns, the height of the dentine crown, and the shape of the crown base, but their existence supports the inclusion of EDJ shape (particularly those aspects of shape in the vertical dimension) in the systematic analysis of fossil hominin lower molars.","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"234-43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.21057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28122598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 79

Erratum: A simple carbon isotope model for reconstructing prehistoric human diet (American Journal of Physical Anthropology (2007) 133, (1112-1127)) 勘误:一个简单的碳同位素模型重建史前人类饮食(美国体质人类学杂志(2007)133，(1112-1127))

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/AJPA.21134

C. Kellner, M. Schoeninger

引用次数: 5

Congruence of individual cranial bone morphology and neutral molecular affinity patterns in modern humans. 现代人个体颅骨形态与中性分子亲和模式的一致性。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21041

Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel

{"title":"Congruence of individual cranial bone morphology and neutral molecular affinity patterns in modern humans.","authors":"Noreen von Cramon-Taubadel","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.21041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21041","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated that the shape of the human temporal bone is particularly strongly correlated with neutral genetic expectation, when compared against other cranial regions, such as the vault, face, and basicranium. In turn, this has led to suggestions that the temporal bone is particularly reliable in analyses of primate phylogeny and human population history. While several reasons have been suggested to explain the temporal bone's strong fit with neutral expectation, the temporal bone has never systematically been compared against other individual cranial bones defined using the same biological criteria. Therefore, it is currently unknown whether the shapes of all cranial bones possess reliable information regarding neutral genetic evolution, or whether the temporal bone is unique in this respect. This study tests the hypothesis that the human temporal bone is more congruent with neutral expectation than six other individual cranial bones by correlating population affinity matrices generated using neutral genetic and 3D craniometric data. The results demonstrate that while the temporal bone shows the absolute strongest correlation with neutral genetic data compared with all other bones, it is not statistically differentiated from the sphenoid, frontal, and parietal bones in this regard. Potential reasons for the temporal bone's consistently strong fit with neutral expectation, such as its overall anatomical complexity and/or its contribution to the architecture of the basicranium, are examined. The results suggest that future phylogenetic and taxonomic studies would benefit from considering the shape of the entire cranium minus those regions that deviate most from neutrality.","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"205-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.21041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28154188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 152

Bone microstructure in juvenile chimpanzees. 幼年黑猩猩的骨骼微观结构。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.20959

Dawn M Mulhern, Douglas H Ubelaker

{"title":"Bone microstructure in juvenile chimpanzees.","authors":"Dawn M Mulhern, Douglas H Ubelaker","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.20959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20959","url":null,"abstract":"The growth, development, and maintenance of bone are influenced by genetic and environmental variables. Understanding variability in bone microstructure among primates may help illuminate the factors influencing the number and size of secondary osteons. The purpose of this study is to assess the bone microstructure in 8 humeral and 12 femoral sections of 12 juvenile chimpanzees, aged 2-15.3 years, and one adult chimp. Secondary osteons were counted and measured for 16 fields per section. Results indicate that the femur exhibits a mean osteon population density (OPD) of 4.46 +/- 2.34/mm(2), mean Haversian canal area of 0.0016 +/- 0.0007 mm(2), and mean osteon area of 0.033 +/- 0.006 mm(2). The humerus has a mean OPD of 4.72 +/- 1.57/mm(2), mean Haversian canal area of 0.0013 +/- 0.0003 mm(2), and mean osteon area of 0.033 +/- 0.005 mm(2). Differences are not significant between the humerus and femur, possibly indicating similar mechanical demands during locomotion. Osteon population density exhibits a moderate correlation with age (r = 0.498) in the femur of the juvenile chimps, but the adult chimp has an OPD of 10.28/mm(2), suggesting that osteons likely accumulate with age. Females exhibit higher osteon densities in the periosteal envelope compared to males in the humerus, indicating more remodeling during periosteal expansion. Overall similarities between chimpanzees and humans as well as previously published data on Late Pleistocene hominids (Abbott et al.: Am J Phys Anthropol 99 1996 585-601) suggest that bone microstructure has been stable throughout human evolution.","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"368-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.20959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28167995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Near eastern neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egyptian Western Desert. 在埃及西部沙漠的一个小绿洲中，近东部新石器时代的基因输入。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21078

Martina Kujanová, Luísa Pereira, Verónica Fernandes, Joana B Pereira, Viktor Cerný

{"title":"Near eastern neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egyptian Western Desert.","authors":"Martina Kujanová, Luísa Pereira, Verónica Fernandes, Joana B Pereira, Viktor Cerný","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.21078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21078","url":null,"abstract":"The Egyptian Western Desert lies on an important geographic intersection between Africa and Asia. Genetic diversity of this region has been shaped, in part, by climatic changes in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs marked by oscillating humid and arid periods. We present here a whole genome analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and high-resolution molecular analysis of nonrecombining Y-chromosomal (NRY) gene pools of a demographically small but autochthonous population from the Egyptian Western Desert oasis el-Hayez. Notwithstanding signs of expected genetic drift, we still found clear genetic evidence of a strong Near Eastern input that can be dated into the Neolithic. This is revealed by high frequencies and high internal variability of several mtDNA lineages from haplogroup T. The whole genome sequencing strategy and molecular dating allowed us to detect the accumulation of local mtDNA diversity to 5,138 +/- 3,633 YBP. Similarly, theY-chromosome gene pool reveals high frequencies of the Near Eastern J1 and the North African E1b1b1b lineages, both generally known to have expanded within North Africa during the Neolithic. These results provide another piece of evidence of the relatively young population history of North Africa.","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"336-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.21078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28159659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Uses and limitations of genetic data relating to Athapaskan migrations: a reply to Seymour. 与阿萨帕斯坎人迁徙有关的遗传数据的用途和局限性:对西摩的答复。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21130

Ripan S Malhi, Kari B Schroeder, Brian M Kemp

{"title":"Uses and limitations of genetic data relating to Athapaskan migrations: a reply to Seymour.","authors":"Ripan S Malhi, Kari B Schroeder, Brian M Kemp","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.21130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21130","url":null,"abstract":"We appreciate a number of the points that Seymour (2009) makes in her article, ‘‘Comments on genetic data relating to Athapaskan migrations: Implications of the Malhi et al. study for the Apache and Navajo.’’ As molecular anthropologists, we are aware that treating individuals sampled from linguistic or cultural groups as representatives of biological populations is an imperfect approximation to sampling biological populations. Moreover, as Seymour points out, it is dangerous to assume that a limited sampling from a subgroup is representative of the group as a whole, and we should have been more cautious about making inferences regarding all of Southern Athapaskan prehistory from a limited sample of the Navajo and Apache. We also agree with Seymour that, undoubtedly, our research would have benefited from closer interactions with archaeologists and/or Native Americans in the Southwest or Subarctic. Collecting genetic samples from Native American communities to investigate population prehistory can be a formidable challenge, because of the history of coloniza","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"203-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.21130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28371808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The effects of lactation and infant care on adult energy budgets in wild siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus). 哺乳和婴儿护理对野生象鼻猴成年能量收支的影响。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21069

Susan Lappan

{"title":"The effects of lactation and infant care on adult energy budgets in wild siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus).","authors":"Susan Lappan","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.21069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21069","url":null,"abstract":"In mammals with biparental care of offspring, males and females may bear substantial energetic costs of reproduction. Adult strategies to reduce energetic stress include changes in activity patterns, reduced basal metabolic rates, and storage of energy prior to a reproductive attempt. I quantified patterns of behavior in five groups of wild siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus) to detect periods of high energetic investment by adults and to examine the relationships between infant care and adult activity patterns. For females, the estimated costs of lactation peaked at around infant age 4-6 months and were low by infant age 1 year, whereas the estimated costs of infant-carrying peaked between ages 7 and 12 months, and approached zero by age 16 months. There was a transition from primarily female to male care in the second year of life in some groups. Females spent significantly less time feeding during lactation than during the later stages of infant care, suggesting that female siamangs do not use increased food intake to offset the costs of lactation. Female feeding time was highest between infant ages 16 and 21 months, a period of relatively low female investment in the current offspring that coincided with the period of highest male investment in infant care. This suggests that male care may reduce the costs of infant care for females in the later stages of a reproductive attempt. The female energy gain resulting from male care was likely invested in somatic maintenance and future reproduction, rather than the current offspring.","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"290-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.21069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28114170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Size variation in early human mandibles and molars from Klasies River, South Africa: comparison with other middle and late Pleistocene assemblages and with modern humans. 南非克拉西斯河早期人类下颌骨和臼齿的大小变化:与其他中晚更新世组合和现代人类的比较。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21071

Danielle F Royer, Charles A Lockwood, Jeremiah E Scott, Frederick E Grine

{"title":"Size variation in early human mandibles and molars from Klasies River, South Africa: comparison with other middle and late Pleistocene assemblages and with modern humans.","authors":"Danielle F Royer, Charles A Lockwood, Jeremiah E Scott, Frederick E Grine","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.21071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21071","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies of the Middle Stone Age human remains from Klasies River have concluded that they exhibited more sexual dimorphism than extant populations, but these claims have not been assessed statistically. We evaluate these claims by comparing size variation in the best-represented elements at the site, namely the mandibular corpora and M(2)s, to that in samples from three recent human populations using resampling methods. We also examine size variation in these same elements from seven additional middle and late Pleistocene sites: Skhūl, Dolní Vestonice, Sima de los Huesos, Arago, Krapina, Shanidar, and Vindija. Our results demonstrate that size variation in the Klasies assemblage was greater than in recent humans, consistent with arguments that the Klasies people were more dimorphic than living humans. Variation in the Skhūl, Dolní Vestonice, and Sima de los Huesos mandibular samples is also higher than in the recent human samples, indicating that the Klasies sample was not unusual among middle and late Pleistocene hominins. In contrast, the Neandertal samples (Krapina, Shanidar, and Vindija) do not evince relatively high mandibular and molar variation, which may indicate that the level of dimorphism in Neandertals was similar to that observed in extant humans. These results suggest that the reduced levels of dimorphism in Neandertals and living humans may have developed independently, though larger fossil samples are needed to test this hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"312-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.21071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28197619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Modern human cranial diversity in the Late Pleistocene of Africa and Eurasia: evidence from Nazlet Khater, Peştera cu Oase, and Hofmeyr. 非洲和欧亚大陆更新世晚期的现代人类头骨多样性：来自Nazlet Khater、Peştera cu Oase和Hofmeyr的证据。

IF 2.8 2区地球科学

American journal of physical anthropology Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21080

Isabelle Crevecoeur, Hélène Rougier, Frederick Grine, Alain Froment

{"title":"Modern human cranial diversity in the Late Pleistocene of Africa and Eurasia: evidence from Nazlet Khater, Peştera cu Oase, and Hofmeyr.","authors":"Isabelle Crevecoeur, Hélène Rougier, Frederick Grine, Alain Froment","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.21080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21080","url":null,"abstract":"The origin and evolutionary history of modern humans is of considerable interest to paleoanthropologists and geneticists alike. Paleontological evidence suggests that recent humans originated and expanded from an African lineage that may have undergone demographic crises in the Late Pleistocene according to archaeological and genetic data. This would suggest that extant human populations derive from, and perhaps sample a restricted part of the genetic and morphological variation that was present in the Late Pleistocene. Crania that date to Marine Isotope Stage 3 should yield information pertaining to the level of Late Pleistocene human phenotypic diversity and its evolution in modern humans. The Nazlet Khater (NK) and Hofmeyr (HOF) crania from Egypt and South Africa, together with penecontemporaneous specimens from the Peştera cu Oase in Romania, permit preliminary assessment of variation among modern humans from geographically disparate regions at this time. Morphometric and morphological comparisons with other Late Pleistocene modern human specimens, and with 23 recent human population samples, reveal that elevated levels of variation are present throughout the Late Pleistocene. Comparison of Holocene and Late Pleistocene craniometric variation through resampling analyses supports hypotheses derived from genetic data suggesting that present phenotypic variation may represent only a restricted part of Late Pleistocene human diversity. The Nazlet Khater, Hofmeyr, and Oase specimens provide a unique glimpse of that diversity.","PeriodicalId":7587,"journal":{"name":"American journal of physical anthropology","volume":"140 2","pages":"347-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ajpa.21080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28159661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51