Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Development of an Analytical Approach to Study the Surface Morphology and Roughness Analysis of Commercial Hydrotreating CoMo-γAl2O3 Catalysts via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Analysis","authors":"Issam Mohammed Ali Shakir, Zaineb Falah Hassan","doi":"10.1134/s1070427224010051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427224010051","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this work a fully analytical approach for atomic force microscopy (AFM) (non-contact mode) is proposed to determine surface roughness, morphology, and topography of two commercial CoMo-γAl₂O₃ catalysts (Ketjenfine 124-3E and Ketjenfine 165) that are used in hydrotreating process (HTP) in Iraqi refineries. All parameters of the AFM image (amplitude, hybrid and spatial parameters) were discussed with a new insight and a detailed description of how the nano-particles were built in and distributed in hypothetical multi layers based on mathematical calculations of volume and surface area based on regarding that each individual grain has a sphere-like shape of a specific diameter. A clear relationship between grain number and average diameter was noticed, due to the increase in grain average diameter of KF124-3E (143.47 nm) comparing to that of KF165 (120.21) leads to make the density of grain distribution for the latter is greater than that of KF124. Surface area of total grains of Ketjenfine 124-3E and Ketjenfine 165 were 8 919 303.275 and 8 031 267.809 nm², respectively. Higher roughness average (<i>S</i>_a) value of catalyst KF165 (18.4 nm) means the reactants will have more opportunity for complete reaction. Root mean square (<i>S</i>_q) values were 8.16 nm for KF124-3E and 21.5 nm for KF165 indicating that KF165 is rougher than KF124-3E. Surface skewness of KF124-3E and KF165 were 0.00031, –0.168, respectively. For both hydrotreating catalysts the surface kurtosis value (<i>S</i>_ku) was about ≤2.0 and the distribution curves is Platykurtic. Root means square slope (<i>S</i>_dq) for KF165 catalyst is 1.31 nm^–1, which is approximately four times greater than that of KF124-3E (0.35 nm^–1) indicating that KF165 has rougher surface profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141190673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acidic Influence on Geopolymerization: A Thorough Study Using HCl and Iraqi Kaolin","authors":"Tuqa A. Jabar, Mohammed A. Alzuhairi, Mayyadah S. Abed","doi":"10.1134/s1070427224010105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427224010105","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Recent advances have drawn the attention of many researchers in the creation of innovative catalysts that are not only effective but also cost-effective and ecologically benign. The large similarity between the geopolymers and zeolitic materials makes geopolymers suitable for catalytic applications. This research works on preparing geopolymer catalysts utilizing two different types of Iraqi kaolin (white and red kaolin) with six different mixes. Additionally, the hydrochloric acid (2M) treatment was conducted on the geopolymer base kaolin to increase surface area, and catalytic activity (improving the adsorption capacity) makes geopolymer more suitable for catalyst applications. The characterization of the geopolymer involved techniques such as XRD, XRF, FTIR, and BET. FTIR results showed changes in OH group structures (increase Brønsted &amp; Lewis acid sites) essential for catalyst applications. XRD results indicated the presence of zeolite and Annite-phase along with amorphous phases. BET analysis of large increased surface area and pore size in acid-treated geopolymers. This research suggests the potential for improving inexpensive geopolymer catalysts, opening the door to cost-effective, sustainable, and high-performance catalysts for use in industries requiring porous materials and heavy oil processing, and paving the way for a greener and more environmentally conscious future.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141190831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae: A Mini-Review","authors":"Wasan Hamza Hasan, Ali A. Jazie","doi":"10.1134/s1070427224010087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427224010087","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The production of biodiesel from macroalgae using base catalysts is gaining interest in sustainable energy. Biodiesel generation from macroalgae uses several methods, but this research focuses on base catalysts. The paper begins with a detailed overview of bio-diesel production and its usefulness as an eco-friendly fossil fuel alternative. It then examines macroalgae and their role in biodiesel production. Macroalgae’s abundance, rapid growth, and lack of rivalry with food crops are all discussed in the article. Additionally, it solves extraction efficiency and production cost constraints. The review focuses on alkaline catalysts for macroalgae biodiesel production. The benefits of solid-base catalysts over liquid-base catalysts make them suitable biodiesel catalysts. These benefits include increased process efficiency, catalyst recovery, waste reduction, and environmental impact reduction. Overall, this offers an extensive examination of the process of producing biodiesel from macroalgae with base catalysts. This study emphasises the capacity of macroalgae as a renewable resource and offers valuable information on the methods to enhance efficiency and address environmental concerns for the effective use of this technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141190836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Spectroscopic Method for Studying the Morphology of Latexes","authors":"A. I. Markova,&nbsp;A. I. Ivanova,&nbsp;M. D. Malyshev,&nbsp;S. D. Khizhnyak,&nbsp;P. M. Pakhomov","doi":"10.1134/S1070427223100051","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070427223100051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The morphology of latexes (aqueous solutions of spherical polystyrene particles with carboxyl and amino groups on the surface) was studied using UV and IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The histograms of the size distribution of polystyrene particles were built using SEM images of the latexes. Similar size distribution curves for polystyrene latexes were obtained using IR and UV spectroscopy. The data of IR and UV spectroscopy and independent methods such as SEM and DLS are in good agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"96 10","pages":"919 - 927"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141519681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Polyfluorinated Alcohols on Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Cryogels","authors":"V. N. Manzhai,&nbsp;M. S. Fufaeva,&nbsp;V. G. Bondaletov","doi":"10.1134/S1070427223100038","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070427223100038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect that additions of fluorinated alcohols to an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol exert on the rheological and physicochemical properties of elastic cryocomposites obtained after the freezing–thawing cycle was studied. The elastic modulus of the ternary cryogel (polyvinyl alcohol–water–1,1,7-trihydrododecafluoroheptyl alcohol) is 2 times higher than that of the binary cryogel (polyvinyl alcohol–water). With an increase in the molecular mass of fluorinated alcohols, the elastic modulus of cryogels increases from 65 to 80 kPa. The presence of fluorinated alcohols in the cryogel matrix imparts hydrophobic properties to the material, and the dried samples, in contrast to the cryogels without additives, do not burn.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"96 10","pages":"903 - 908"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel Using Fruit, Vegetable and Rice Husk Extract","authors":"Hajir Amer Jaddoa, Jamal M. Ali, Basheer A. Abdulhussein","doi":"10.1134/s1070427224010117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427224010117","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The global impact of metal corrosion is significant, as it poses both economic and environmental repercussions. The corrosion refers to the process by which metals undergo surface degradation due to an electrochemical reaction with the surrounding intrusive environment, leading to its initiation and acceleration. Corrosion inhibitors are widely recognized as the most effective and cost-efficient method for preventing corrosion. The utilization of conventional and harmful corrosion inhibitors has led to environmental concerns, prompting the creation of eco-friendly, readily available, biodegradable, and economically efficient green substitutes. This review examines the utilization of green corrosion inhibitors sourced exclusively from renewable origins, focusing specifically on recent progress in employing extracts from fruits, vegetables, and rice peels as green corrosion inhibitors. Fruits and vegetables, specifically, contain abundant phytochemicals with corrosion-inhibiting properties. The experimental methodologies employed in corrosion inhibition, along with the underlying mechanism of corrosion inhibition, are extensively examined to elucidate the actual capabilities of these extracts in safeguarding steel in acidic surroundings. The study emphasizes the capacity of fruit and vegetable extracts to serve as environmentally friendly and economical substances that can prevent corrosion, thus contributing to the advancement of green chemistry. This review focuses on the most important inhibitors removed from the peels of fruits, vegetables, and rice, where an efficiency of 98.8% was achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141198077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Complex Compound of Mechanochemically Modified Humic Acids and Fe(III) as a Base of a Geochemical Barrier","authors":"E. V. Linkevich,&nbsp;N. V. Yudina","doi":"10.1134/S107042722310004X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S107042722310004X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A complex of mechanochemically modified humic acids with Fe(ІІІ) was prepared by coprecipitation at pH varied from 12 to 2. Fe(ІІІ) interacts with humic acids via ionized groups. The ionized phenolic and carboxyl groups of humic acids at рН 8–12 bind Fe³⁺. At рН &lt; 7.5, carboxyl groups of aromatic fragments of humic acids enter into the ion exchange with positively charged iron species {[Fe(OH)₂]aq}⁺ and {[Fe(OH)]aq}²⁺. The sorption exchange capacity of the modified humic acids is preserved to up to 50% and depends on the fraction of the humic component in the complex. The active sites of the organomineral complex are negatively charged oxygen-containing functional groups of macromolecules of the modified humic components and positively charged micellar Fe(ІІІ) forms. The humic complex with Fe(III) can be used as a base of a geochemical barrier to reduce the concentration of polluting chemical elements and organic ecotoxicants in soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"96 10","pages":"909 - 918"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Well Log Analysis and Interpretation for Mishrif Formation for Amarah Oil Field","authors":"Ayat Ahmed Jasim, Aqeel Al-Adili, Luma H. Mahmoud, Attia M Attia, Mohamed Mansour","doi":"10.1134/s1070427224010038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427224010038","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This study is intended to interpret of well logs for the purpose of determining petrophysical parameters for Mishrif formation in the Amarah Oil Field. This field is situated in the province of Mysan ten kilometers to the southwest of Amarah and ten kilometers to the northwest of Halafaya’s field, and is located southeast of the field of Kamit and about 30 km. <i>M–N</i> cross plot as well as the Matrix Identification (MID) have been applied to calculate mineralogy and lithology of the formation using well logs, cross plots, and reservoir quality index (RQI) along with flow zone indicator (FZI) outputs. The findings indicated that dolomite is just slightly present in the formation, which is primarily composed of calcite. The lithology determination using density–neutron cross plot shows that the formation is primarily limestone with some shale. The interpretation revealed that non-reservoir (barrier) beds divide the seven reservoir units that make up the majority of the Mishrif Formation. The parameters of Archi’s model were calculated using Pickett’s plot. The range values for Archie’s parameters, namely <i>a</i>, <i>m</i>, and <i>n</i>, were found to be 1, 1.29, and 2, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141190668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion and Corrosion Control of the Steel in Acidizing Oil Wells Processes: An Overview of Organic Inhibitors","authors":"Zenaa Ibraheem Jasim, Khalid H. Rashid, Anees A. Khadom","doi":"10.1134/s1070427224010063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427224010063","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The research topic deals with one of the important problems that the oil and gas sector suffers from, which is represented by corrosion, as the corrosion of metals annually causes large losses in production as a result of stimulating oil wells using hot HCl solutions, which causes the occurrence of corrosion phenomenon in the well bottom tools, pipes and casing. In addition, a group of organic and inorganic acids and surfactants are used in well stimulation processes. In order to reduce the violent attack of the acid solution on the N80 mild steel casing materials and pipes, during the pickling process inhibitors are added to the acid medium, and to avoid the complexity of the inhibition process in the oil and gas fields, which requires organic inhibitors within the green chemistry depending on the nature of the work field such as pipelines and equipment, recovery wells, refineries, etc. Organic acids and acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide complicate the well inhibition problem. Corrosion problems in the oil industry must be dealt with by considering various factors. Acids used in stimulation, the nature and type of reservoir rocks, and oil well equipment, whose operating conditions include casings and tubes, and these form part of the factors affecting corrosion. Thus, it needs to study each case as it is before determining the final opinion regarding the alternative materials. No suitable material can be found to survive the attack of corrosion. The designers and operators of the oil industry must take into account many serious economic and technical problems, the most important and most dangerous of which is the phenomenon of corrosion that is characteristic of the oil industry that deals with highly volatile and sometimes toxic materials and transported by pipelines over long distances and stored in huge warehouses in addition to because it requires a complex operational process that requires high heat and pressure, so if this equipment is so worn out that it is unable to withstand these harsh conditions, then there is no doubt that explosions may occur, which may be accompanied by fires, and sometimes their effect reaches the neighboring equipment and sometimes the entire production unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141190709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: Corrosion of Electrical Alloys Based on the Al–Mg–Sc System","authors":"I. N. Ganiev,&nbsp;B. Sh. Narziev,&nbsp;N. I. Ganieva","doi":"10.1134/S1070427223100063","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070427223100063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":757,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"96 10","pages":"928 - 928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}