American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging最新文献

{"title":"Scatter correction for self-collimating SPECT using a 3D U-Net framework.","authors":"Yabo Zhao, Wenyang Jiang, Hai Hu, Liang Guo, Zhenlei Lyu, Debin Zhang, Li Wang, Peng Fan, Hui Liu, Tianyu Ma, Jing Wu","doi":"10.62347/ZZHP6340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62347/ZZHP6340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) relies on mechanical collimators, which impose an inherent trade-off between spatial resolution and sensitivity. A novel cardiac SPECT system that employs a self-collimating design with interleaved mosaic scintillators has been proposed, which markedly enhances sensitivity without compromising resolution. However, the unique self-collimating and closely arranged detector geometry also introduces more complex scatter distribution and increased scatter fractions, making accurate scatter correction essential yet technically challenging. We employed a 3D U-Net framework to directly predict scatter-corrected images from uncorrected images. The network was trained using 36 distinct XCAT phantoms based on GATE simulations, with the true scatter-corrected images (true-SC) precisely obtained from the simulations serving as labels. Quantitative evaluation was performed using another two XCAT phantoms with different contrast levels: a high-contrast phantom (H-Phantom, 10 realizations) and a low-contrast phantom (L-Phantom, 5 realizations). The proposed U-Net approach were compared with two triple energy window (TEW) methods (trapezoidal and triangular). For both contrast levels, the U-Net-based approach achieved higher contrast recovery coefficients, myocardium-to-blood-pool ratios closer to the true-SC, higher contrast-to-noise ratios, and lower relative noise compared to the TEW methods. In addition, the U-Net-based method produced images with higher structural similarity and lower normalized mean square error relative to the true-SC reference, compared with the TEW-corrected images. In conclusion, the proposed 3D U-Net-based scatter correction method provides more accurate scatter estimation and superior quantitative performance for self-collimating SPECT systems than conventional TEW approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-fluorine-18-flu-d-glucose (18fdg-pet) in predicting the histological response of high grade epithelial ovarian cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A primary descriptive study.","authors":"Michele Lamuraglia, Khadija Benali, Margot Bucau, Thuy Nguyen, Pablo Estevez, Alain Giron, Stephane Culine","doi":"10.62347/BIVU9864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62347/BIVU9864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian cancer (OC) was most often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to poor symptoms, the lack of an effective screening method and the limitations of examinations for the early detection of the disease. Sadly, the surgical approach is not possible for all patients, therefore the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was a good standard approach before the complete cytoreduction. Currently we don't have indisputable and definitive directives about tools to predict the anatomopathological response. This study investigates the potential of 18FDG-PET in predicting the histological response in high grade epithelial OC before NACT treatment. Ten advanced primarily inoperable OC patients treated with NACT were recruited into this prospective study, then 4 patients could be eligible to analyze, with 12 target lesions eligible to comparative analyses with 18FDG-PET against histological analyses. All patients after NACT presented clinical and biological responses, with normalization of CA 125. Four patients, with 12 resections specimens identified to corresponding 18F-FDG-PET/CT imagery, had showed concordant aspects of response. This preliminary study has demonstrated the role in predictive response of 18FDG-PET, but the complexity in comparative analyses of morpho-functional imagery and histological study includes many difficulties. Thus, to obtain statistically robust results, a large-scale study must be conducted, based on these very encouraging results.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging and consciousness: applications of PET, SPECT, and advanced MRI modalities.","authors":"Raj N Patel, Shiv Patil, Alexander Gerlach, Eric Teichner, Deepak Indrakanti, Robert Subtirelu, Joseph Zwillenberg, Om H Gandhi, Jaskeerat Gujral, Thomas Werner, Abass Alavi, Andrew B Newberg","doi":"10.62347/PPRC2997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62347/PPRC2997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A growing number of advanced neuroimaging studies have been used to evaluate the nature of consciousness. Such studies have focused on various states of consciousness as well as ways of inducing altered states of consciousness. Various states of consciousness include the normal waking state, sleep states, the brain under anesthesia, and the impact of disorders such as seizures or schizophrenia. The induction of altered states of consciousness includes practices such as meditation or the use of psychoactive substances leading to psychedelic effects. This paper reviews some of the relevant research and then considers some of limitations and challenges for studying consciousness with neuroimaging, particularly via positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"14-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¹⁸F-FES PET/CT in invasive lobular breast cancer: assessment of axillary lymph node metastasis.","authors":"Chongjiao Li, Yinlong Li, Jimmy Patel, Steven H Liang","doi":"10.62347/HWAJ2181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62347/HWAJ2181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estrogen receptor (ER) is highly expressed in approximately 95% of invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) and represents a key target for endocrine therapy. ¹⁸F-fluoroestradiol (¹⁸F-FES), a radiolabeled estrogen analog, specifically binds to ER and enables real-time, non-invasive, and whole-body evaluation of ER functional status, providing intuitive visualization of the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of ER expression. ¹⁸F-FES PET/CT sensitively detect primary tumor and distant metastases and accurately identifies axillary lymph node involvement in ILC. Therefore, ¹⁸F-FES PET/CT can serve as a valuable diagnostic tool that can guide the selection of appropriate therapeutic strategies for patients with ILC.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"63-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theranostic applications of CXCR4-targeted imaging ligands in lymphoma: integrating diagnosis and precision therapy.","authors":"Karena R Dhamecha, Owen C Booth, Oluwaseyi M Oderinde, Qi-Huang Zheng","doi":"10.62347/RXPV2461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62347/RXPV2461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a G protein-coupled receptor implicated in immune regulation, tumor progression, and therapy resistance. In lymphoma, CXCR4 overexpression promotes malignant cell survival via microenvironmental retention and activation of pro-survival pathways, correlating with poor prognosis. Its extracellular localization makes it a strong candidate for selective molecular imaging and targeted therapy. This review summarizes recent advances in CXCR4-targeted agents for lymphoma. Peptide-based radiotracers (⁶⁸Ga-Pentixafor, [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-QHY-04, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-BL02) and small molecules ([⁶⁴Cu]AMD3100, [¹⁸F]MCFB) offer high specificity and favorable pharmacokinetics for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Therapeutic strategies include peptide antagonists (BL-8040, Balixafortide), radioligand therapies ([¹⁷⁷Lu]Pentixather, [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-BL02), small-molecule inhibitors (Plerixafor, WK1), and monoclonal antibodies (PF-06747143, Ulocuplomab, LY2624587). These approaches have demonstrated efficacy in reducing tumor burden and enhancing chemosensitivity. Key challenges include off-target uptake due to physiological CXCR4 expression and compensatory signaling via CXCR7. Future directions involve dual-receptor targeting, nanoparticle-based delivery, and integration into precision oncology for both hematologic and solid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CNN-based detection of pediatric lymphoma on whole body [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/MRI.","authors":"Shashi B Singh, Yashas Ullas Lokesha, Hongzhi Wang, Michael Joseph Barrow, Ricarda von Kruechten, Iryna Vasyliv, Amir Hossein Sarrami, Joy Tzung-Yu Wu, Lucia Baratto, Lisa Christine Adams, Hyun Gi Kim, Jason Wong, Tie Liang, Sergios Gatidis, Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood, Heike E Daldrup-Link","doi":"10.62347/RSDQ2273","DOIUrl":"10.62347/RSDQ2273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We assessed the performance of a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) in detecting pediatric lymphoma lesions on [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/MRI. We evaluated CNN's sensitivity, specificity, percentage agreement, and processing time compared to the interpretations of a pediatric radiologist and a second-year radiology resident. In this retrospective study, a CNN was trained on annotated [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/MRI scans from 53 pediatric lymphoma patients and tested on 30 additional scans. The CNN and two human readers recorded the presence of lesions in five anatomical regions. An additional pediatric radiologist and a nuclear medicine physician determined the reference standard. The sensitivity and specificity of the CNN were compared with those of human readers using the McNemar test, and the detection time of the CNN and human readers was compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The CNN demonstrated higher sensitivity (84.6%) and specificity (93.7%) than the radiology resident (69.2%, P=0.023; 81.5%, P<0.001), but lower than the pediatric radiologist (98.7%, P<0.001; 99.5%, P<0.001). The CNN achieved 83% agreement with the reference standard (95% CI: 79%-87%), higher than the resident's 63% (95% CI: 59%-69%) but lower than the pediatric radiologist's 94% (95% CI: 92%-97%). The median values and interquartile ranges for the time taken (in minutes) were 4 (3, 5) for the CNN, 8 (7, 10) for the pediatric radiologist, and 15 (9, 20) for the radiology resident. The sensitivity, specificity, and percentage agreement of the CNN were higher than those of a radiology resident but lower than those of a pediatric radiologist. The CNN readout was significantly faster compared to both human readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using multimodal PET+MR data as conditional generative adversarial network inputs improves pseudo-CT and attenuation correction estimates for brain PET/MR.","authors":"Jonathan Fisher, Emily Anaya, Garry Chinn, Craig S Levin","doi":"10.62347/BONK5634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62347/BONK5634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To obtain qualitatively and quantitatively accurate positron emission tomography (PET) images, the recorded PET emission data must be corrected for photon attenuation. Attenuation correction (AC) factors are typically estimated from X-ray computed tomography (CT) data acquired during an integrated PET/CT study. Estimating these factors from magnetic resonance (MR) data in an integrated PET/MR scanner is challenging, as MR images don't provide direct information about annihilation photon attenuation. Conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs) have shown promising results for both emission-based and MR-based AC. This study explored whether combining these approaches could further improve brain PET AC accuracy. Thirty-five patients who received same-day whole-body PET/MR and PET/CT scans participated in this study. The non-attenuation-corrected and non-scatter-corrected (NASC) PET, MR, and CT reconstructed head regions were cropped and automatically co-registered. Four networks were trained to translate NASC PET and MR images into pseudo-CTs. Three used single-modality input, and the fourth used multi-modality. The multi-modality cGAN produced significantly better pseudo-CTs vs. the single-modality cGANs, with an average structural similarity index (SSIM) and dice similarity coefficients for bone, soft-tissue, and air of 0.865±0.001, 0.715±0.002, 0.915±0.001, and 0.567±0.004, respectively, vs. 0.841±0.001, 0.660±0.003, 0.894±0.001, and 0.524±0.005, for the single-modality cGANs with the best results. When comparing the AC PET reconstructed images, all cGANs outperformed the clinical atlas-based method used in commercially available PET/MR systems, and, as expected, the multi-modal cGAN achieved the highest quality results with average SSIM, and peak signal-to-noise ratio of 0.9987±0.0001, and 50.0±0.4, respectively, vs. 0.9913±0.0024, and 44.3±0.3 for the atlas method.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of I-131 thyroid remnant uptake in patients with thyroid cancer.","authors":"Elaheh Amini, Catherine Kim, Asya S Al-Busaidi, Ran Klein, Wanzhen Zeng","doi":"10.62347/SBTR2479","DOIUrl":"10.62347/SBTR2479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radioiodine ablation is commonly performed after thyroidectomy for well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). This study aimed to quantify thyroid remnant uptake in standardized uptake values (SUV) and evaluate its correlation with post-therapy Thyroglobulin (Tg) levels across different risk groups. We retrospectively quantified SUV uptake with attenuation, scatter, and resolution recovery corrections on post-therapy SPECT/CT in thyroid cancer patients referred to our centre between 2015 and 2017. Thyroid remnant was segmented with a maximum SUV of 0.5 as the threshold and total thyroid remnant uptake (SUV_total) was obtained. Patients were stratified into low-intermediate, high-intermediate, and high-risk groups based on clinical risk and therapeutic dose. The primary outcome was the correlation between SUV_total and post-therapy Tg levels. The cohort consisted of 174 adults (age: 50.7±16.0 yr, F:M=110:64). Moderate correlations were found between SUV_total and Tg levels in low-intermediate and high-intermediate groups (Spearman's <i>ρ</i>=0.65, P<0.001; <i>ρ</i>=0.61, P<0.001, respectively). No significant correlation was found in the high-risk group (<i>ρ</i>=0.12, P=0.33). Stimulated Tg levels increased (median Tg: 4, 7, and 13 pmol/L) and thyroid remnant uptake decreased (median SUV_total: 272, 51, and 33) across the low-intermediate, high-intermediate, and high risk groups. In conclusion, this study shows good correlations between the thyroid remnant uptake and thyroglobulin in subgroups of patients with low-intermediate and high-intermediate risk DTC. The rationales for lack of significant correlation in the high-risk group DTC were discussed. Thyroid uptake quantification may serve as a feasible substitute for Tg measurements in post-ablation follow-up, offering potential for predicting disease recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"15 6","pages":"251-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12816826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146016852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare presentation of intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysm disguised as renal cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Qing-Ke Chen, Qian Zou, Tao-Tao Sun, Feng-Lian Jiang, Lu Wang, Jun-Hong Fan","doi":"10.62347/JPNL3964","DOIUrl":"10.62347/JPNL3964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renal artery aneurysms (RAAs) are rare vascular abnormalities that are often detected incidentally, as most patients are asymptomatic and the lesions are discovered during imaging for unrelated conditions. Differentiating intraparenchymal RAAs (IPRAAs) from renal tumors using non-invasive imaging techniques remains challenging. Misdiagnosis as a renal malignancy, such as renal cell carcinoma (RCC), poses a significant risk of catastrophic hemorrhage if inadvertently subjected to biopsy or surgical procedures. We reported the case of a 75-year-old female with an IPRAA that mimicked RCC on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). However, a suspicious feeding artery to the renal mass was identified on computed tomography angiography (CTA) images. Further evaluation with positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) suggests the diagnosis of IPRAA. This was confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and the aneurysm was successfully treated with transcatheter embolization. This case highlights the importance of including IPRAA in the differential diagnosis of renal masses and emphasizes the need for careful imaging evaluation to avoid potentially life-threatening complications from misdiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"15 6","pages":"272-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12816824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146016847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current landscape and clinical progress of targeted alpha radioimmunotherapy.","authors":"Owen C Booth, Karena R Dhamecha, Oluwaseyi M Oderinde, Qi-Huang Zheng","doi":"10.62347/GETQ4987","DOIUrl":"10.62347/GETQ4987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theranostics is an interesting area of cancer research that describes the use of radiotracers to first diagnose and then treat cancer. By coupling a radioisotope to an agent that selectively targets malignant cells, one can distribute focused radiation to disease sites. There are a variety of different radiopharmaceutical vectors that have been utilized in this way, such as peptides, small molecules and antibodies. Because antibodies bind to highly specific antigens, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) offers a promising route to precisely targeted treatments with reduced systemic toxicity compared to conventional radiotherapy. Beta (β)-emitting isotopes (e.g., ¹³¹I, ⁹⁰Y) have been more commonly coupled in RIT, but the use of alpha (α)-emitters (e.g., ²²⁵Ac, ²¹²Pb), for RIT (α-RIT) has rising popularity due to their shorter tissue range and higher linear energy transfer. These characteristics decrease off-target effects in neighboring tissues and increase tumor cell destruction, respectively. However, there are several challenges to RIT. The production of daughter isotopes from α decay makes dosimetric assessments difficult and could potentially cause off target toxicities. Additionally, whole antibodies tend to accumulate in liver tissue and have long biological clearance times, which may cause excess radiation to the blood, marrow and liver. Yet, there are a variety of α-RIT agents currently in development to treat prostate cancer, hematologic malignancies, and other solid tumors. Many agents show promise, like ²²⁷Th-epratuzumab, a CD22-targeting antibody used in the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML). While notoriously deadly and difficult to treat, the disease control rate in patients with R/R AML taking ²²⁷Th-epratuzumab was 38%. Like many α-RIT therapies, follow-up studies are needed to continue to improve efficacy. Strategies to widen the therapeutic indices of these agents have been investigated such as pretargeting, use of antibody fragments, chelator optimization and combination therapies. This review describes the current landscape and clinical progress of targeted α radioimmunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"15 6","pages":"236-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12816825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146016827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}