Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment最新文献

{"title":"Mapping forest density using Sentinel-2 and SPOT-7 multispectral sensor images—A case study from South Zagros forests of Fars province, Iran","authors":"Reza Abedinzadegan Abdi,&nbsp;Farid Kazemnejad,&nbsp;Majid Eshagh Nimvari,&nbsp;Ali Sheikh al-Islami","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study proposed to compare Sentinel-2 and SPOT 7 multispectral instrument (MSI) images to create a forest canopy density model (FCDm) in the Dalki Dadin area in the South Zagros forests of Fars province, Iran. First, a forest and non-forest area map was prepared, and then an FCDm was prepared in four categories: 5%–25%, 25%–50%, 50%–75%, and &gt;75%. In this research, the classification of satellite images was done using a parallelepiped classifier, traditional Mahalanobis distance classifier (MDC), maximum-likelihood classification (MLC), and artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms using appropriate band sets in ENVI 5.3 software. To classify correctly, the ground reality map was implemented based on the interpretation of ortho digital photos of the 80s with a scale of 1:25,000-scale topographic map. The overall accuracy and kappa coefficient for Sentinel-2 images (with band combination [BC] of principal component analysis (PCA)-1-8 using the MLC algorithm) and the SPOT 7 image (with the BC of PCA-1-3 and the use of ANN classification algorithm) were obtained equal to 96.3%, 0.91%, and 87.57%, 0.70, respectively. Therefore, the Sentinel-2 image has had better results compared to the SPOT 7 image to prepare the forest and non-forest classification map. Furthermore, the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient for the Sentinel-2 image (with BC of PCA-3-8 using the MLC algorithm) and the SPOT 7 image (with the BC of 2-3-4 and the use of ANN classification algorithm) were obtained equal to 88.36%, 0.72%, and 78.74%, 0.64, respectively. Therefore, the Sentinel-2 image has had better results compared to the SPOT 7 image to provide the forest classification map. Also, after the integration of SPOT7 and SPOT7-Pan image, the map obtained by PCA method using an ANN classifier with BC of PCA-2-4 with a kappa coefficient of 0.75 and accuracy of 89.26% had the highest accuracy. Also, the maps obtained from forest classification into four density classes obtained by PCA method using ANN with BC of PCA-2-4 and with a kappa coefficient of 0.37 and accuracy of 59.60% had the highest accuracy. The overall results showed that, according to the extracted information, the Sentinel-2 image has more appropriate accuracy for producing FCDm in four density classes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated nutrient management in spring maize production in Nepal","authors":"Nischal Sapkota,&nbsp;Sandeep Airee,&nbsp;Asmita Bhandari,&nbsp;Atanu Mukherjee","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The source of fertilizer significantly affects phenology and yield parameters of maize (<i>Zea mays</i>). A field experiment at Parbat, Nepal, investigated how organic, mineral, and integrated fertilizers affect spring maize (variety: Arun-2) phenology and yield during 2018–2019. The study employed a randomized complete block design with eight treatments and four replications including poultry manure (T1), farmyard manure (FYM) (T2), chemical fertilizer (synthetic inorganic chemicals that conventional growers use) (T3), vermicompost (T4), poultry manure + chemical fertilizer (T5), FYM + chemical fertilizer (T6), vermicompost + chemical fertilizer (T7), and a combination of poultry manure + FYM + vermicompost + chemical fertilizer (T8). Results showed that T8 had the shortest period to tasseling (75 days), while T5 had the longest (82.3 days). For physiological maturity, T3 recorded the shortest duration (117.6 days), whereas T5 had the longest (124.6 days). These differences were statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). T5 recorded the highest cob length (15.5 cm) and biological yield (6.9 tonne ha⁻¹), whereas T2 had the lowest (10.7 cm and 3.6 tonne ha⁻¹), also showing a significant effect. T4 had the highest grains per row (25.9), while T2 had the lowest (16.5) and the most sterile cobs per plot (16.7). T6 had the fewest sterile cobs (3.7). T8 produced the highest grain yield (3.1 tonne ha⁻¹), while T2 had the lowest (1 tonne ha⁻¹), with yield differences confirmed as significant. A combination of these results suggests that integrating organic and mineral fertilizers enhances maize maturity and grain yield, while using FYM alone reduces yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delaying cover crop termination reduced corn yields in a dry spring","authors":"Janet Moriles-Miller,&nbsp;Deepak R. Joshi,&nbsp;Graig Reicks,&nbsp;Shaina Westhoff,&nbsp;David E. Clay,&nbsp;Sharon A. Clay","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70182","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The hypothesis of this research was that in a semiarid frigid environment, cover crop termination can be delayed beyond 2 weeks prior to planting without sacrificing corn (<i>Zea mays</i>) yield. To test this hypothesis, the impact of cover crop termination timing (2 weeks prior to, at corn planting, V2, and V4 corn) on cover crop biomass, soil water, inorganic N, and corn yields was quantified. Rye (<i>Secale cereal</i>) was dormant seeded in autumn (2018 and 2019), with corn planted the following May. In 2019 and 2020 growing seasons, precipitation was 607 and 324 mm, respectively, and corn growing degree days (base 10°C and maximum value of 30°C) were 1266 and 1436, respectively. Rye biomass increased when termination was delayed and averaged 25 kg ha⁻¹ when terminated 2 weeks prior to corn planting and 911 kg ha⁻¹ when terminated at V4. In both years, terminating the cover crop about 2 weeks prior to planting did not increase yields, but delaying termination from V2 to V4 reduced yields. In the dry year, when rainfall totaled 324 mm, delaying termination beyond corn planting (V0) reduced yields, whereas in the wet year (607 mm of rainfall) terminating rye at V2 did not reduce corn yields. These data suggest that in a semiarid environment, climatic conditions, especially early spring rainfall, must be carefully monitored when considering the cover crop termination date.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar type and rate effects on greenhouse gas emissions from furrow-irrigated rice","authors":"Lauren Gwaltney,&nbsp;Kristofor R. Brye,&nbsp;Diego Della Lunga,&nbsp;Trenton L. Roberts,&nbsp;Samuel B. Fernandes,&nbsp;Mike B. Daniels","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70186","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biochar is a relatively new, potential climate-mitigation strategy, but biochar still requires investigation regarding biochar's ability to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Little research has been conducted to quantify the impacts of biochar on GHG production from upland (i.e., furrow-irrigated) rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) production systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wood biochar type (powder and coarse particle size) and application rate (0, 2.5, and 5 Mg ha⁻¹) on GHG emissions in greenhouse-grown, simulated furrow-irrigated rice grown in a silt-loam soil. Carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes were measured weekly throughout a 5-month growing season during summer 2023, and season-long emissions and reduced global warming potential (GWP, excluding CO₂) were estimated. Among the coarse-sized biochar treatments, season-long N₂O emissions (41.7 kg N₂O ha⁻¹ season⁻¹) were largest (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) from the unamended control (0 Mg ha⁻¹), followed by the 2.5 (17.1 kg N₂O ha⁻¹ season⁻¹) and 5 Mg ha⁻¹ rate (4.9 kg N₂O ha⁻¹ season⁻¹), while season-long N₂O emissions did not differ (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) among powder-sized biochar treatments. Reduced GWP was greatest (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05; 11.2 Mg CO₂ eq. ha⁻¹ season⁻¹) from the unamended control, followed by the 2.5 Mg ha⁻¹ rate (4.7 Mg CO₂ eq. ha⁻¹ season⁻¹), and least (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05; 1.4 Mg CO₂ eq. ha⁻¹ season⁻¹) from the 5 Mg ha⁻¹ rate of coarse biochar. Results showed that coarse-sized, wood-chip biochar has the potential to mitigate N₂O emissions from furrow-irrigated rice in a silt-loam soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of primary macronutrient deficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) through nutrient omission trials in Omo Nadda district, southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Mustefa Edao,&nbsp;Milkiyas Ahmed,&nbsp;Endale Kibru,&nbsp;Amsalu Nebiyu","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70188","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) is a crucial staple crop in Ethiopia, widely cultivated and consumed across various regions. Despite the ongoing efforts to increase production, maize yields in some areas remain below their potential due to persistent nutrient deficiencies and improper fertilizer application practices. To address this challenge, a study was conducted in 2023 in the Nitisols of Omo Nada District, Southwestern Ethiopia, to identify the key nutrients limiting maize yields and assess the effect of nutrient omission on maize production. The study employed a randomized complete block design with four farmer groups serving as replicates. Various nutrient omission treatments were applied, including control (no amendment), PK (−N), NK (−P), NP (−K), nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), and NPK + lime. Maize growth parameters, yield, yield components, and agronomic efficiencies were carefully monitored and analyzed using SAS 9.3 software. The results showed that the application of 120 kg N ha⁻¹ + 46 kg P ha⁻¹ and 120-46-50 NPK ha⁻¹ produced significantly higher grain yields—(9.7 tonne ha⁻¹) and total biomass including stover (11.66 tonne ha⁻¹). The exclusion of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in comparison to NPK resulted in significant yield losses of 5.76 tonne ha-1 (59.38%) and 3.93 tonne ha⁻¹ (40.52%), respectively. Furthermore, the addition of lime to NPK treatment increased grain yield by 10.93% compared to NPK alone. The grain yield reductions followed the order: control &gt; PK &gt; NK &gt; NP &gt; NPK &gt; NPK + lime. The maximum agronomic efficiencies for nitrogen (68.39), phosphorus (178.42), and potassium (164.15) were achieved with the NPK + lime treatment. In conclusion, nitrogen and phosphorus were the critical nutrients limiting maize yields on Nitisols in southwestern Ethiopia. By adopting a nutrient management strategy that addresses both N and P nutrient deficiencies and soil acidity, farmers can improve maize production and achieve sustainable crop yields in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early establishment increases yield and fiber quality of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) produced in the Mid-Atlantic","authors":"Erin A. Myers,&nbsp;Andrew G. Ristvey,&nbsp;Nicole M. Fiorellino","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70184","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Planting dates (PDs) are well established for a wide range of agronomic crops to maximize yield and quality, but this guidance is lacking for industrial hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) produced for fiber, especially in the Mid-Atlantic region. With fiber hemp cultivation commencing with the passing of the 2014 and 2018 US Farm Bills, it is imperative to understand how this crop can fit into established crop rotations. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine optimum planting and harvest dates for fiber hemp in the Mid-Atlantic to optimize plant characteristics. We hypothesized that earlier planting and harvest would increase fiber hemp yield and quality. The 2-year study was performed in two locations in Maryland (three total site-years) and utilized a split plot, randomized complete block design with PD as main plots and either variety or harvest date as split plots. The results indicated that to maximize fiber hemp yield and associated desirable plant traits, hemp must maximize light interception throughout the entire summer growing season; therefore, shortened-season fiber hemp is not likely to maximize productivity. These results are promising for the incorporation of fiber hemp into current crop rotations in Maryland and the greater Mid-Atlantic region. Data supported that lignin was the only fiber quality parameter affected by PD, with earlier plantings having increased content. This information allows farmers to make informed decisions about the impacts of PD and the desired end product. The flexibility around optimal PD of fiber hemp allows farmers to prioritize planting of summer cash crops, such as corn and soybean, ahead of fiber hemp while minimizing concerns of negatively impacting fiber hemp yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of influence of soil texture and salinity in pecan orchards of southern New Mexico and western Texas","authors":"Akram Ben Ali,&nbsp;Jorge Fernandez,&nbsp;Manoj Shukla","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70189","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70189","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pecans [<i>Carya illinoinensis</i> (Wangenh.) K. Koch] are a significant cash crop in the southwest of the United States, and soil properties, irrigation quality, and nutrient availability influence their production. This study was conducted in six orchards along the Rio Grande River in southern New Mexico and southwest Texas during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons. The objective was to assess the effects of soil texture, irrigation with brackish groundwater, and nitrogen dynamics on pecan kernel percentage (KP), nut length (NL), and nut number per 1 kg (NP). Soil samples were collected from 0- to 120-cm depth and analyzed for electrical conductivity (EC), nitrate (NO₃⁻), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and ammonium (NH₄⁺) in February, June, and October. Results showed that NO₃⁻ concentrations peaked at 286 mg/kg in October 2016 at 20- to 40-cm depth in Fabens 1 orchard, while TKN varied widely, with the highest value (1067 mg/kg) in Fabens 2 orchard at 0- to 20-cm depth. Anthony orchard, with loamy soil and an EC of 5 dS/m, had the longest NL (41.34 mm), the lowest NP (146), and the lowest KP (53.16%). In contrast, Canutillo orchard, with clay loam soil and an EC of 4 dS/m, had the highest KP (57.66%) but shorter NL (27.94 mm). Orchards in sandy loam soils with lower EC showed higher nut production, while loamy soils with higher EC promoted longer nuts. These findings underscore the need for site-specific nitrogen and salinity management strategies to optimize pecan yield and quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural netting does not affect bacterial communities isolated from apples cultivated under holistic management","authors":"Chris Belardi,&nbsp;Kevin Clark,&nbsp;Erica Walsh,&nbsp;Peter Jentsch,&nbsp;Gabriel G. Perron","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agricultural netting is increasingly used as a sustainable pest control alternative to chemical pesticides, aiming to protect crops while minimizing environmental and health impacts. However, the effects of such netting on microbial communities, particularly on fruits destined for fermentation like apples, remain underexplored. This study investigates the impact of agricultural netting on the bacterial communities of apples cultivated under holistic management at Rose Hill Farm, Red Hook, NY. Synthetic netting was applied post-bloom to shield apples from insect pests and environmental stresses without interfering with pollination. Bacterial communities were analyzed using <i>16S rRNA</i> gene amplicon sequencing, comparing microbiomes from netted and unnetted apples at the end of the growing season. We found no significant differences in overall microbial diversity, community structure, or phylogenetic composition between treated and untreated apples, indicating that netting did not disrupt the core apple microbiome. However, specific bacterial taxa, including stress-tolerant genera such as <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. and <i>Kineococcus</i> sp., were more abundant on netted apples. These findings suggest that agricultural netting can be used without adversely affecting microbial populations essential for natural cider fermentation. Our work provides valuable insights for producers and researchers into the microbial stability of apples under netting, supporting its potential as a practical approach in sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-physiological, productivity, and phytochemical responses of NIL-Sletr1-2 tomato mutants as an effect to different types of elicitors","authors":"Arrin Rosmala,&nbsp;Imelda Marissa,&nbsp;Jajang Sauman Hamdani,&nbsp;Anne Nuraini,&nbsp;Bayu Pradana Nur Rahmat,&nbsp;Syariful Mubarok","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70140","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Near isogenic lines (NIL) were created to maintain good allele introgression in commercial tomatoes (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>). NIL<i>-Sletr 1-2</i> mutant tomato has a long shelf life. However, its growth, productivity, and fruit quality (taste and nutrition content) are below its maternal commercial cultivar. Elicitors were known to enhance tomatoes' taste and nutrition content effectively. Elicitors induced secondary metabolite synthesis in fruits, vegetables, and herbs. This study was carried out using a nonfactorial, completely randomized design. Four levels of elicitors were used: control (E0), 160 mM NaCl (E1), 0.5 mM salicylic acid (E2), and 0.25 mM methyl jasmonate (E3). This research aimed to uncover morpho-physiological, productivity, and phytochemical responses of NIL<i>-Sletr1-2</i> tomato mutants to different elicitors. The results showed that elicitors have a significant impact on every parameter above. NaCl treatment increased the number of fruits per trusses, flowers per trusses, fruit pH, β-carotene, total sugar, and antioxidant activity. Salicylic acid enhanced the fruit diameter, fruit weight, pH, and β-carotene. Meanwhile, methyl jasmonate increased fruit weight, fruit diameter, pH, lycopene, total phenolic compound, and flavonoids. These results suggest that elicitors effectively increased the production and phytochemical properties of NIL-<i>Sletr1-2</i> mutant tomato.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial diversity and function in the rhizosphere microbiome: Driving forces and monitoring approaches","authors":"Chinenyenwa Fortune Chukwuneme,&nbsp;Olubukola Oluranti Babalola","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70169","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agg2.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As an ecological unit, the rhizosphere microbiome preserves an enormous and largely unexplored diversity of microbes that play essential roles in plant health and soil functions. Omics technologies encompassing high-throughput approaches such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics provide helpful tools to unravel the taxonomic composition, gene expression patterns, and functional activities of microbial communities. These technologies have revolutionized microbial ecology by enabling direct access to genomic and functional insights into plant microbiomes without needing cultivation. Furthermore, human activities significantly affect microbial composition and function in the rhizosphere, altering essential biochemical processes. This review describes the roles of plant-associated communities in plant health and productivity, discusses various methods for studying microbial diversity in plant microbiomes, highlights recent advances in omics technologies, and how they expand our understanding of microbial diversity and function in rhizosphere microbiomes. We also address the applications of these methods, as well as their strengths and limitations. Moreover, the review examines the anthropogenic factors that impact microbial communities and discusses strategies for harnessing the resilience of rhizosphere microbes. The information presented here is vital for developing sustainable agricultural practices and addressing global challenges such as climate change and food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}