Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating water conservation methods for improving soil moisture and tef yield in drought-prone areas","authors":"Bizuwork Tafes Desta,&nbsp;Almaz Meseret Gezahegn,&nbsp;Sisay Eshetu Tesema,&nbsp;Gebrekidan Feleke","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Early cessation of precipitation, low soil moisture, light-textured soil, and inadequate water-holding capacity limit tef (<i>Eragrostis tef</i>) yields in the semiarid regions of Ethiopia. To address these challenges, this investigated the impact of water conservation methods on soil moisture retention and tef productivity. Four soil water conservation methods—ridge and furrow (RF) with tied, broad bed and furrow with tides, mulching, and traditional farmer practices and three tef varieties (Boset, Simada, and Tseday)—at two locations were evaluated. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. The water retention methods were split plots by three tef varieties. Soil water conservation influenced maturity date, biomass yield, plant height, and panicle length. In contrast, the interaction effects of water conservation methods and variety only influenced heading date. The ridged and furrow treatment resulted in a grain yield of 1823 kg ha⁻¹, a biomass yield of 8406 kg ha⁻¹, and soil moisture content of 20.8% at the flag leaf stage, decreasing to 17.2% at the grain filling stage. These findings suggest that RF water conservation method can help farmers to mitigate the impact of drought on tef production.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil pH influence on cotton lint yield and quality","authors":"R. L. Sharry,&nbsp;M. Smith,&nbsp;H. Moulay,&nbsp;J. Souza,&nbsp;S. Sharma,&nbsp;D. B. Arnall","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increases in cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) production across Oklahoma due to various circumstances have led to cotton planted on soils that have been traditionally managed for differing crops, specifically winter wheat. Many of these soils are possibly acidic in nature due to natural and anthropogenic activities such as excessive ammonia-based fertilizer applications. Common wheat production practices such as banding phosphorus fertilizers with seed and planting aluminum (Al) tolerant varieties may have masked potential problems associated with crop performance in acidic soils. In response, this study was initiated to evaluate the impact of soil acidity on cotton production. This experiment was conducted in central Oklahoma in the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. Cotton lint yield and lint quality were evaluated across a range of soil pH levels and associated potassium chloride extractable Al across a soil pH gradient of 4.0–8.0. Two cotton cultivars were planted to identify possible differences in response between genotypes. Soil acidity negatively impacted in-season growth parameters such as plant height, node count, and boll count, as well as the primary variable of lint yield. A critical threshold at a soil pH level of 5.2 was identified as detrimental to cotton lint yield, corresponding with a lint yield loss of approximately 4.5% per pH unit decrease below the critical soil pH level of 5.2. This equates to a lint yield loss of 44.5 kg ha⁻¹ per 0.1 change in soil pH, assuming 100% yield potential is approximately 989 kg ha⁻¹ of lint for this specific growing environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of local soybean rhizobia as biofertilizer from acidic soil of East Wollega, Ethiopia","authors":"Gemechu Nigusse Gelan,&nbsp;Bekele Serbessa Tolera,&nbsp;Girmaye Kenasa","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.)] is a leguminous crop that harbors root nodule bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen. However, the dinitrogen-fixing potential of the isolates varies due to different factors that necessitate the selection of the most efficient ones from local soils. In this study, 70 soybean root nodule bacteria isolates were extracted from the acidic soil of East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. Colony characteristics and physiological and agronomic properties of the isolates were determined. Sixty-six isolates were confirmed as slow-growing soybean rhizobia based on renodulation, cultural characteristics, and cluster analysis with reference strains. About 5.5%, 35%, and 45% of the isolates were tolerant of 8% salt and 45°C temperature and pH 3 of incubation conditions, respectively. The highest nodule number, nodule wet weight, nodule dry weight, shoot height, shoot dry weight, shoot wet weight, and shoot length recorded were 38 ± 1 (SRU66), 1.71 ± 0.1 g/plant (SRU66), 0.63 ± 0.49 g/plant (SRU19), 36.7 ± 1 cm/plant (SRU36), 1.41 g/plant (SRU25), 10.8 ± 1 g/plant (SRU1), and 72.0 ± 1 cm/plant (SRU1), respectively. In general, soybean rhizobial isolates in this study were diverse in their morphology, ecophysiology, substrate utilization, and symbiotic effectiveness. Seven isolates, SRU11 (82.2%), SRU25 (141.7%), SRU26 (96.5%), SRU27 (187.4%), SRU31 (1013%), SRU36 (116.1%), and SRU70 (96.5%), were strong in their relative symbiotic effectiveness and are recommended as bioinoculants to boost the productivity of the soybean after a test under field environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen-based proximal sensing and data fusion for management zone delineation","authors":"Md Tawhid Hossain,&nbsp;Marco Donat,&nbsp;Ines Astrid Tougma,&nbsp;Sonoko D. Bellingrath-Kimura,&nbsp;Kathrin Grahmann","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Delineation of management zones (MZ) based on soil mineral nitrogen (SMN) dynamics can enhance site-specific management, reduce nitrate leaching, and improve nutrient efficiency. We tested proximal sensing as an alternative to standard laboratory methods to capture the spatial variability of SMN, nitrate (NO₃⁻), and soil moisture (SM) and combined these data with topographic and remote sensing inputs to delineate MZ using data fusion and <i>k</i>-means clustering. Two conventionally managed fields with winter oilseed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) and winter barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) were chosen for Field-A and Field-B. Fresh soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory using KCl extraction, while global positioning system-labeled data from a proximal soil sensor (FarmLab) were accessed via cloud storage. FarmLab estimated NO₃⁻ and SMN were higher than laboratory results (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas SM showed no significant difference between the two methods. Bland–Altman analysis, which assesses the limit of agreement between methods to ensure consistency, revealed significant discrepancies in NO₃⁻ estimated by both methods, particularly in Field-B, with limits of agreement ranging from −17.40 to 29.66 mg kg⁻¹. Results of <i>k</i>-means clustering, a method for grouping data into similar categories, were evaluated using 11 feature sets, which combine data from multiple sources (laboratory and FarmLab data, satellites, and topographic data) to create a comprehensive dataset for analysis at different time points in autumn and spring. The results showed that the optimal clustering result varied depending on the field and date. Feature sets with topographic variables performed well in Field-A, while feature sets with remote sensing, topography, and FarmLab data improved MZ in Field-B. This study demonstrates how the FarmLab device can capture within-field SMN variability and examines the similarities and differences between both methods (laboratory and FarmLab). Despite discrepancies between methods, FarmLab showed the potential of integrating in-season NO₃⁻ and SMN data with topographic and remote sensing data to delineate MZ. This approach can be scaled up to farm and landscape scale, allowing farmers to leverage proximal and remote sensing data for in-season SMN monitoring, which enables efficient nutrient management and promotes sustainable farming practices with economic and environmental benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of sustainability of rice agrosystem: Insights from energy use, ecological footprint, and greenhouse gas emissions (case study: Golestan province, Iran)","authors":"Ebrahim Asadkhani,&nbsp;Mahmoud Ramroudi,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Asgharipour,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Shahhosseini","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study assesses the energy use, ecological footprint, and greenhouse gas emissions from rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) production in Iran's Golestan province. The energy indices, greenhouse gas emissions, and ecological footprint in the rice paddies were calculated and analyzed after identifying the key inputs and outputs of these cropping systems. The energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy, and net energy were measured to be 3.17, 0.19 kg MJ⁻¹, 5.30 MJ kg⁻¹, and 77,685.42 MJ ha⁻¹, respectively. Additionally, the analysis revealed that the global warming potential, net carbon, and carbon efficiency ratio were 4565.35 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂-eq) ha⁻¹, 1804.86 kg C ha⁻¹, and 2.46, respectively. The ecological footprint was measured to be 2.68 global hectares, which was more than the carrying capacity of each hectare of land allocated for crop cultivation. Hence, the environmental sustainability of rice production in the Golestan province was low. Alternatives such as rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>) could reduce the environmental impact of rice farming in the province. Sustainability could be improved by reducing the reliance on electricity and nitrogen fertilizer that are produced using fossil fuels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of substrate pH and micronutrient fertility rates on Cannabis sativa","authors":"Patrick Veazie,&nbsp;Paul Cockson,&nbsp;J. Turner Smith,&nbsp;Brian Schulker,&nbsp;Brian Jackson,&nbsp;Kristin Hicks,&nbsp;Brian Whipker","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Micronutrient accumulation caused by low pH can lead to toxicity and have detrimental impacts on plant growth. In substrates with elevated pH, micronutrients become less available. In the first experiment, industrial hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) growth was less at pH 3.0 and 4.0 than when pH was ≥5.0. Root growth was also observed to be inhibited at low pH levels. Leaf tissue micronutrient concentrations were higher at the lowest pH level, but no toxic accumulation occurred. In experiment 2, root growth had less mass at the lowest pH (3.1) and highest pH level (7.1). In experiment 3, substrates with three target pHs (3.8, 4.8, and 6.5) as well as three micronutrient concentrations (1X, 2X, and 4X) were examined to determine the impact of pH on micronutrient accumulation in two cultivars Cherry Wine (CW) and Sweetened (SW). Foliar micronutrient concentrations were the greatest in plants grown with pH 3.8, and the lowest concentrations occurred in plants grown at pH 6.5. Susceptibility to toxicity from micronutrient accumulation in plant tissue varied by cultivar. SW plants grown at pH 3.8 and 4X micronutrients resulted in lower leaf micronutrient toxicity symptoms, while CW plants grown under the same conditions did not. These studies suggest that <i>C. sativa</i> does not accumulate micronutrients to toxic levels at low pH when micros are applied within normal growing ranges, but that growth is inhibited at substrate pH &lt; 5.0.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover crop and tillage effects on soil microbial communities in a corn cropping system","authors":"S. S. Mendis,&nbsp;R. P. Udawatta,&nbsp;M. P. Davis,&nbsp;B. Gurmessa,&nbsp;M. Salceda,&nbsp;M. E. Herget","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil microbial communities have numerous soil ecological and physiological functions. However, knowledge is lacking on the interaction effects of no-till and cover crops (CC) practices on these soil health indicators. This study evaluated the effects of CC and tillage on soil microbial communities in a corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) system. The study was conducted for 2 consecutive years on plots allotted to three practices: (1) no-till and cover crop (NC), (2) conventional till and no cover crop (CN), and (3) no-till no cover crop (NN). A grass strip (G) was used as a reference, assuming it was subjected to the least disturbance. Surface (0–5 cm and 5–10 cm) soils were sampled over 2 years in April and October. Soil microbial biomass was measured using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Seasonal variations indicated greater microbial biomass in fall than in spring. The G and NC significantly increased soil microbial biomass at both depths compared to CN and NN during fall 2021 sampling and numerically in fall 2020, where greater changes were observed at 0- to 5-cm depth. In fall 2021 sampling, NC practices had 65%–75% more total microbial biomass than CN and NN at both depths (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with total bacterial biomass 70% greater (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.002) and total fungal biomass 75%–85% greater (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.007). NC also showed 85% more actinomycetes biomass than CN at 5- to 10-cm depth (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The study concluded that soil microbial communities significantly improved after two CC seasons, with higher microbial biomass in fall compared to spring.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating triclopyr vapor and particle drift in roadside settings","authors":"Estefania G. Polli,&nbsp;Travis W. Gannon,&nbsp;Ronald R. Rogers,&nbsp;Mathieu C. LeCompte,&nbsp;Khalied Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Triclopyr is a synthetic auxin herbicide widely used to manage roadside vegetation due to its effective, selective, and prolonged action on broadleaf species, as well as its low toxicity to humans and animals. However, if triclopyr drifts from the roadside into agricultural lands, it can result in injury and yield loss of sensitive crops. The objective of this study was to characterize and quantify particle and vapor drift of triclopyr as influenced by formulation, season, and nozzle type under roadside conditions. Field studies were conducted on a roadside located along Interstate 540 in Morrisville, NC, in 2022 and 2023. Triclopyr amine and choline were applied at 3363 g a.e. ha⁻¹ using Boominator and Nutating nozzles. Active air samplers were used to collect vapor drift within 48 h after application, while deposit cards were used to collect particle drift 10 min after application. Triclopyr vapor concentration peaked within the first 24 h after application, with the concentration of triclopyr amine being 29% higher than triclopyr choline during this period. Additionally, vapor concentrations of triclopyr were higher during spring and summer compared to fall and winter. No differences in triclopyr particle deposit and drift distance were observed between formulation and nozzle type. Triclopyr was detected at very low levels (&lt; 2% of field rate) within 3 m from the treated area. This study provides valuable insight into triclopyr volatilization, emphasizing temporal, formulation, and seasonal variations, while also addressing the consistency in particle drift between triclopyr formulations and nozzle types.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the spatial distribution and association of banana wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense) with biophysical factors in Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia","authors":"Zelalem Bekeko,&nbsp;Biruk Kedir,&nbsp;Chemeda Fininsa","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Banana wilt, caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp<i>. cubense</i> (Foc), is one of the most important diseases of banana (<i>Musa</i> L.) worldwide including Ethiopia. Foc is responsible for sever yield losses of up to 90% in commercial and local banana cultivars planted in southern Ethiopia. However, there is limited research information about its epidemiology, distribution, and relative importance of the disease in the country particularly in Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia, where banana is dominantly grown. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate and analyze the distribution, importance, and intensity of the disease and its association with biophysical factors. Fields surveys were conducted in three major banana-growing districts of Gamo zone in Arba Minch Zuria, Mirab Abaya, and Daramalo during the 2019/2020 cropping season in which a total of 90 fields were surveyed. The association of the disease incidence and severity with independent variables was analyzed using a logistic regression model in SAS under the GENMOD procedures. The results of the survey study indicated that Fusarium wilt was widely distributed all the three districts, regardless of agro-ecological factors. The highest mean incidence (47.37%) and severity (46.31%) values were recorded at Daramalo, while the lowest incidence (20.75%) and severity (28.63%) values were recorded from Arba Minch Zuria district. Variables such as banana cultivars, age of plantations, weeding practices, and disease management methods were significantly associated with the incidence and severity of the disease. The use of improved cultivars reduced disease incidence by 43.60% and the severity by 30.10%, compared to that of local ones. Regression analysis of the biophysical factors with Fusarium wilt severity implied the necessity of effective and feasible integrated management options to be developed against the disease and as well as the importance of awareness raising with all stakeholders regarding its distribution, importance, and possible management options such as the usage of Foc-resistant varieties in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Noah-MP performance with available soil information for vertically heterogenous soils","authors":"Yohannes Tadesse Yimam,&nbsp;Haly L. Neely,&nbsp;Cristine L. S. Morgan,&nbsp;Andrea Kishné,&nbsp;Jonathan Gross,&nbsp;David Gochis","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing availability of modern digital soil databases provides an opportunity to integrate these data into land surface models (LSMs), such as Noah-MP, for a more realistic representation of soil in estimating mass and energy flux at the land-atmosphere boundary. Noah-MP uses a default soil parameter table and a texturally uniform vertical soil profile to a depth of 2 m. Previous research has revised this soil parameter table, and 95% of the values investigated were suggested to be replaced using updated pedotransfer functions and new datasets. In addition to updated parameters, most LSMs do not consider vertical heterogeneity in soil texture despite the widespread distribution of these soils globally. This research assessed both (1) revisions to the soil parameter table and (2) vertical soil heterogeneity, including the presence of bedrock, on simulated water and energy fluxes. At three locations across Texas, plant-available water (PAW) estimates from Noah-MP simulations were evaluated using in situ measurements. Due to the lack of water and energy flux data, soil water content values simulated by Noah-MP were compared with the output from another well-established model, Root Zone Water Quality Model 2 (RZWQM2). Results showed improving representation of soil improved Nash–Sutcliff efficiency coefficient, model bias, and root mean square difference of Noah-MP simulated PAW when compared with measured PAW and RZWQM2 simulated PAW. A maximum difference in annual evapotranspiration of 150 mm between simulations was observed. These results demonstrate the need for better accounting of soil knowledge in LSMs for modeling mass and energy exchange at the land-atmosphere boundaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}