Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research最新文献

{"title":"Current Issues in the Management of IgG Subclass Deficiencies in Adults With Chronic Respiratory Diseases.","authors":"Jae-Hyuk Jang,&nbsp;Joo-Hee Kim,&nbsp;Hae-Sim Park","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.562","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are uncommon in adults; however, immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency (IGGSCD) is often found in a subset of adult patients with chronic respiratory diseases. As quantitative laboratory tests are used to diagnose IGGSCD, the clinical significance of IGGSCD remains controversial. However, respiratory infection is a common presenting feature of IGGSCD, and respiratory complications are responsible for subsequent morbidities, such as severe asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive airway diseases, and mortality. This review summarizes the current epidemiological data for PIDs, focusing on IGGSCD in the adult population. In addition, the investigation, treatment, and management strategies are detailed, including distinct issues faced by patients with chronic airway disease and their physicians in the proper diagnosis and treatment of IGGSCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"562-579"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a9/1b/aair-15-562.PMC10570785.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Chronic Rhinosinusitis on the Risk of Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis.","authors":"Il Hwan Lee,&nbsp;Hee Gyu Yang,&nbsp;Seung-Su Ha,&nbsp;Gil Myeong Son,&nbsp;Dae Woo Kim,&nbsp;Dong-Kyu Kim","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.647","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Several studies have reported a possible link between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it remains unclear whether CRS could influence the risk of developing RA. Therefore, in this study, we focused on examining the association between CRS and RA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 14,867 individuals with CRS and 14,867 without CRS were enrolled after 1:1 propensity score match from a nationwide longitudinal cohort database in South Korea. RA incidence was assessed using person-years at risk, and the hazard ratio (HR) was examined using the Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of RA (per 1,000 person-years) was 6.51 for those with CRS, 6.55 for those with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 5.96 for those with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). We found that CRS individuals had a significantly increased risk of subsequent RA development with an adjusted HR of 1.41, regardless of the phenotype (adjusted HR was 1.42 in CRSsNP and 1.37 in CRSwNP patients). Moreover, the risk of developing RA over time was relatively higher within the first 4 years after the diagnosis of CRS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our nationwide population-based cohort study suggests that CRS may be associated with a subsequent increase in RA events, regardless of the phenotype. Therefore, physicians should consider RA risk when diagnosing and treating CRS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"647-658"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/86/80/aair-15-647.PMC10570781.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrogen Receptor-α Exacerbates EGF-Inducing Airway Remodeling and Mucus Production in Bronchial Epithelium of Asthmatics.","authors":"Lu Qin,&nbsp;Junqing Yue,&nbsp;Mingzhou Guo,&nbsp;Cong Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Fang,&nbsp;Shengding Zhang,&nbsp;Wenxue Bai,&nbsp;Xiansheng Liu,&nbsp;Min Xie","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.614","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although estrogen receptors (ERs) signal pathways are involved in the pathogenesis and development of asthma, their expressions and effects remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate the expressions of ERα and ERβ as well as their mechanisms in airway remodeling and mucus production in asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expressions of ERα and ERβ in the airway epithelial cells of bronchial biopsies and induced sputum cells were examined by immunohistochemistry. The associations of ERs expressions with airway inflammation and remodeling were evaluated in asthmatic patients. <i>In vitro</i>, the regulations of ERs expressions in human bronchial epithelial cell lines were examined using western blot analysis. The epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated ligand-independent activation of ERα and its effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) were investigated in asthmatic epithelial cells by western blot, immunofluorescent staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ERα and ERβ were expressed on both bronchial epithelial cells and induced sputum cells, and the expressions showed no sex difference. Compared to controls, male asthmatic patients had higher levels of ERα on the bronchial epithelium, and there were cell-specific expressions of ERα and ERβ in induced sputum. The expression of ERα in the airway epithelium was inversely correlated to forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) % and FEV1/forced vital capacity. Severe asthmatic patients had significantly greater levels of ERα in the airway epithelium than mild-moderate patients. ERα level was positively correlated with the thickness of the subepithelial basement membrane and airway epithelium. <i>In vitro</i>, co-stimulation of interleukin (IL)-4 and EGF increased the expression of ERα and promoted its nuclear translocation. EGF activated the phosphorylation of ERα via extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways. ERα knockdown alleviated EGF-mediated EMTs and mucus production in airway epithelial cells of asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ERα contributes to asthmatic airway remodeling and mucus production through the EGF-mediated ligand-independent pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"614-635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5e/47/aair-15-614.PMC10570787.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Series of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria After COVID-19 Vaccination.","authors":"Jeong-Hee Choi,&nbsp;Soo Jie Chung","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.695","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines play an important role in overcoming the global COVID-19 pandemic. Various immediate or delayed types of cutaneous adverse reactions, such as local site reactions, urticaria, mobilliform rashes, and delayed large local reactions, have been noted after COVID-19 vaccination, which are usually treatable with time.1,2 Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is defined by recurrent hives lasting > 6 weeks.3 Some patients have developed CSU after COVID-19 vaccination.4-6 Here, we report 12 patients with CSU after COVID-19 vaccination in Korea. We describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of these patients.","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"695-698"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/84/c2/aair-15-695.PMC10570777.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Transcriptome and Epigenome Analysis Identifies the Pathogenic Features of Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.","authors":"Eun-Kyung Kwon,&nbsp;Tae-Wook Kang,&nbsp;Taeyun Oh,&nbsp;Oak-Sung Choo,&nbsp;Young-Min Ye,&nbsp;Hae-Sim Park,&nbsp;Ga-Young Ban","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.682","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysregulation of the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway is the most widely known pathomechanism of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). This study aimed to perform integrative analysis of transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling with network analysis to determine the novel pathogenic features of AERD. Ten patients with asthma including 5 patients with AERD and another 5 patients with aspirin tolerant asthma (ATA) were enrolled. Nasal scraping was performed and nasal mucosa was used in omics profiling. Peripheral eosinophil counts, sputum eosinophil counts, fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels, and pulmonary function test results were evaluated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and differentially correlated genes (DCGs) between patients with AERD and those with ATA were analyzed. Network analysis using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was performed to determine the gene connection network and signaling pathways. In total, 1,736 DEGs, 1,401 DMPs, and 19 pairs for DCGs were identified. Among DCGs, genes related to vesicle transport (<i>e.g.</i>, <i>RAB3B</i> and <i>STX2</i>) and sphingolipid dysregulation (<i>e.g.</i>, <i>SMPD3</i>) were found to be hypo-methylated and up-regulated in AERD. Using the canonical pathway analysis of IPA with 78 asthma-related DEGs, signaling pathways of T helper cell differentiation/activation and Fcε receptor I were generated. Up-regulation of <i>RORγt</i> and <i>FcER1A</i> were noted in AERD. Gene expression levels of <i>RAB3B</i>, <i>SYNE1</i>, <i>STX2</i>, <i>SMPD3</i> and <i>RORγt</i> were significantly associated with sputum eosinophil counts. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed and mRNA expression levels of <i>STX2</i>, <i>SMPD3</i>, <i>RORγt</i>, and <i>FcER1A</i> were significantly higher in AERD compared to ATA. Distinct pathogenic features were identified by using integrative multi-omics data analysis in patients with AERD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"682-694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/63/aair-15-682.PMC10570783.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Investigation of Eosinophilic-Associated Disease Overlap (REVEAL): Analysis of a US Claims Database.","authors":"Anamaria Brailean,&nbsp;Justin Kwiatek,&nbsp;Danuta Kielar,&nbsp;Rohit Katial,&nbsp;Xia Wang,&nbsp;Xiao Xu,&nbsp;Yong Jin Kim,&nbsp;Michael Stokes,&nbsp;Heide A Stirnadel-Farrant","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.580","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The epidemiology of eosinophil-associated diseases (EADs) is not yet fully understood. While some studies have been conducted on stand-alone eosinophilic diseases, there is scarce evidence on the degree of overlap among rarer conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective Real-world inVestigation of Eosinophilic-Associated disease overLap (REVEAL) study used data from the Optum^® Clinformatics^® insurance claims database to describe and characterize disease overlap among 11 EADs: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, atopic dermatitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, eosinophilic gastritis/gastroenteritis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, bullous pemphigoid, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, chronic spontaneous urticaria, and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Patient records with EADs of interest were identified between January 1, 2015, and June 30, 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1,326,645 patients were included; 74.4% had 1 EAD, 20.5% had ≥ 2 EADs, and 5.1% had ≥ 3 EADs. Higher rates of disease overlap were associated with older age. Higher blood eosinophil counts were also observed in patients with a greater number of overlapping conditions, suggesting a common role for eosinophilic inflammation in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Furthermore, greater disease overlap was associated with higher disease severity in most cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results from this study have implications for quantifying unmet needs and can be used to inform treatment guidelines and raise the awareness of eosinophilic inflammation and EAD overlap among healthcare professionals from a range of disease specialties.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"580-602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bf/be/aair-15-580.PMC10570778.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of TRIM24 in Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Seung Koo Yang,&nbsp;Doo Hee Han","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.543","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.543","url":null,"abstract":"https://e-aair.org Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory disease characterized by rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, sneezing, and itchy nose. The inflammation of nasal mucosa is ultimately caused by an exposure to allergens and immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated sensitization, in which T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and cytokines—interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13—play an important role.1,2 IL-4 is crucial in activating Janus kinase (JAK), which phosphorylates transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), a key factor for Th2 polarization.3,4 On the other hand, tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24), promotes STAT6 acetylation by catalyzing the ubiquitination of cAMP-responsive elementbinding protein (CREB)-binding protein at Lys 119.5 Previous studies have proposed the role of TRIM24 in other diseases, such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,6 prostate cancer,7 and breast cancer.8 However, its role in AR has not been explored.","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"543-544"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/cf/aair-15-543.PMC10570779.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atopic Dermatitis and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and All-Cause Mortality: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.","authors":"Yu Ri Woo,&nbsp;Minah Cho,&nbsp;Kyung Do Han,&nbsp;Sang Hyun Cho,&nbsp;Ji Hyun Lee","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.636","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder associated with various comorbidities. However, inconsistent results on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and mortality have been reported in patients with AD. This study was aimed to evaluate the risk of MI and all-cause mortality in patients with AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study enrolled 56,205 adults ≥ 20 years of age with AD and 3,825,609 controls without AD from the Korean National Health Service (NHIS) database from 2009 to 2016.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of MI (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.111, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.050-1.176) was increased in patients with AD. By AD severity, patients with moderate-to-severe AD had a higher risk of MI (aHR, 1.163, 95% CI, 1.080-1.251) than individuals without AD. The risk of all-cause mortality was only increased for patients with moderate-to-severe AD (aHR, 1.096, 95% CI, 1.040-1.155) compared to individuals without AD. In subgroup analysis, an increased risk of MI was observed in female, non-obese, non-smoking, non-diabetic, and non-dyslipidemic patients with moderate-to-severe AD compared to individuals without AD. An increased risk of all-cause mortality was observed in patients with moderate-to-severe AD compared to non-AD controls among individuals ≥60 years of age and non-smokers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The risk of MI and all-cause death was increased in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Even without well-known risk factors for MI and mortality, patients with AD require the proper management and screening for comorbidities to prevent MI and decrease all-cause mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b1/15/aair-15-636.PMC10570776.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophilic-Associated Disease Overlap: What Do We Know About It?","authors":"Noeul Kang,&nbsp;Tae-Bum Kim","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.539","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.539","url":null,"abstract":"https://e-aair.org Over the past two decades, it was discovered that a range of inflammatory diseases involving several organ systems with elevated eosinophil counts in blood and/or tissue was primarily driven by abnormal regulation of the number and activation state of eosinophils.1-11 Eosinophil-associated diseases (EADs) refer to these heterogeneous conditions in which eosinophils are believed to play critical pathological roles.1,12-14 EADs encompass common respiratory and dermatologic conditions, such as asthma,3-5 chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps,6 and atopic dermatitis,7 less common eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases,8 and rare conditions including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA),9 eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)1 and hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES).10","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"539-542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b7/60/aair-15-539.PMC10570782.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Nasal Colonization of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and Eczema of Multiple Body Sites.","authors":"Yang Guo,&nbsp;Xia Dou,&nbsp;Xiao-Fan Chen,&nbsp;Cong Huang,&nbsp;Ying-Jie Zheng,&nbsp;Bo Yu","doi":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.659","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is the critical pathogenic bacterium of eczema. The relationship between nasal colonization by <i>S. aureus</i> and eczema has not been well studied. We aimed to evaluate the associations between nasal colonization by <i>S. aureus</i> and eczema of multiple body sites, including persistent and ever-reported eczema. We further examined the associations between eczema and different subtypes of <i>S. aureus</i>, that is, methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive <i>S. aureus</i> (MSSA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The real-world data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. The associations were calculated using survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression models and further calculated in subgroups stratified by demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 2,941 adults were included. The prevalence rate of <i>S. aureus</i> nasal carriage was significantly higher in adults with persistent hand eczema (51.0%) than in those with ever-reported hand eczema (23.3%) and never eczema (26.9%). <i>S. aureus</i> nasal colonization was associated with an approximately two-fold increased risk of persistent hand eczema (odds ratios ranges in different models: 2.86-3.06) without significant heterogeneity in the association by demographic factors. No significant associations between <i>S. aureus</i> nasal colonization and persistent eczema of other body sites or ever-reported eczema of multiple body sites (including hands) were observed. Furthermore, similar significant association between nasal colonization of MSSA and persistent hand eczema was seen; the association was much stronger (odds ratios ranges in different models: 4.64-6.54) for MRSA, although with borderline significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nasal colonization of <i>S. aureu</i>s was associated with increased risk of persistent hand eczema. Our findings imply that preventive measures targeting <i>S. aureus</i> for the anterior nares should be considered in preventing and treating eczema.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"15 5","pages":"659-672"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/8e/aair-15-659.PMC10570784.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41188240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}