Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Biomarkers in Asthma: Insights From Serum Metabolomics.","authors":"Jiyoung Kim, Hyun-Woo Shin","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.211","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"211-213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Metabolomics Reveals Metabolomic Profile and Potential Biomarkers in Asthma.","authors":"Tao Zhu, Yuan Ma, Jiajia Wang, Wei Xiong, Ruolin Mao, Bo Cui, Zhihui Min, Yuanlin Song, Zhihong Chen","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.235","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease. Metabolomics plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and development of asthma. The main aims of our study were to explore the underlying mechanism of asthma and to identify novel biomarkers through metabolomics approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples from 102 asthmatic patients and 18 healthy controls were collected and analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. Multivariate analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to explore asthma-associated metabolomics profile and metabolites. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used for pathway enrichment analysis. Subsequently, 2 selected serum hub metabolites, myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine, were replicated in a validation cohort using ultra-high performance LC-MS/MS system (UHPLC-MS/MS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinct metabolomics profile of asthma was revealed by multivariate analysis. Then, 116 overlapped asthma-associated metabolites between multivariate analysis and WGCNA, including 12 hub metabolites, were identified. Clinical features-associated hub metabolites were also identified by WGCNA. Among 116 asthma-associated metabolites, Sphingolipid metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis were revealed by KEGG analysis. Furthermore, serum myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine were significantly higher in asthmatic patients than in healthy controls in validation cohort. Additionally, serum myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine demonstrated high sensitivities and specificities in predicting asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, asthmatic patients showed a unique serum metabolome. Sphingolipid metabolism and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis were involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Furthermore, our results suggest the promising values of serum myristoleic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine for asthma diagnosis in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"235-252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologics in Severe Asthma: An Ideal Choice for Achieving Control.","authors":"Sae-Hoon Kim","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.214","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"214-216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Wiser Strategy of Using Beta-Agonists in Asthma: Mechanisms and Rationales.","authors":"Dong In Suh, Sebastian L Johnston","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.217","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concerns regarding the safety of beta-2 agonists have led to revisions of the major asthma guidelines to better address these issues. Although these updates allow for a combination of previous and current strategies, they may confuse clinical practitioners. Beta-2 agonists are vital for alleviating asthma symptoms by relaxing smooth muscles; however, they also pose significant risks by inducing pro-inflammatory mediators both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. In addition to the risks of overuse and symptom masking, the use of beta-agonists alone at therapeutic doses can worsen airway inflammation and enhance virus-induced inflammation during asthma exacerbation. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) can effectively prevent these adverse effects. With new insights into the mechanisms of these adverse events, reserving short-acting beta-agonists for acute symptom relief during exacerbations and only for those who are already on ICS or oral steroids represents a careful approach to using beta-agonists with least adverse effects in patients with asthma. However, a major drawback of this approach is the potential non-compliance with ICS, leading to beta-agonist use without the necessary counteraction by ICS. An optimal strategy, both during and outside exacerbations, would integrate beta-agonists into an anti-inflammatory regimen that includes ICS, ideally combined with the same inhaler to ensure their concurrent use where finances allow. This would maintain the beneficial effects of beta-agonists, such as bronchodilation, while preventing the adverse effects from the induction of inflammatory mediators. This method is aligned with diverse clinical settings, maximizes the safe use of beta-agonists, and supports a comprehensive guideline-compliant management strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"217-234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis in Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.","authors":"Ji-Ho Lee, Se Hwa Hong, Iseul Yu, Min-Seok Chang, Sunmin Park, Seok Jeong Lee, Sang-Ha Kim","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.168","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare form of vasculitis with multiorgan involvement. The incidence and prevalence of EGPA vary geographically and ethnically. This study investigated the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of EGPA in a nationwide population-based cohort in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance database that covers almost all Korean residents. EGPA was identified using relevant diagnostic codes from 2007 to 2018. Newly diagnosed EGPA cases since 2007 and patients who visited outpatient clinics for EGPA at least three times were included. Age- and sex-adjusted standardized incidence and prevalence rates were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 843 patients with EGPA were identified. The mean annual standardized incidence between 2007 and 2018 was 1.2 (per 1,000,000 individuals). The incidence of EGPA has increased from 1.1 (per 1,000,000 individuals) in 2007 to 1.6 (per 1,000,000 individuals) in 2017. The standardized prevalence of EGPA has increased from 1.1(per 1,000,000 individuals) in 2007 to 11.2 (per 1,000,000 individuals) in 2018. The incidence and prevalence of EGPA were higher in women than in men. The standardized mortality rate was 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-1.93) in total population, 1.59 (95% CI, 1.23-2.02) in males, and 1.63 (95% CI, 1.22-2.13) in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of EGPA has increased over the past decade. Incidence and prevalence rates were higher in females than in males. The overall mortality rate associated with EGPA was higher than that in the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":"168-178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10973633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum Maternal Anxiety Affects the Development of Food Allergy Through Dietary and Gut Microbial Diversity During Early Infancy.","authors":"Hyunbin Cho, Jiwon Kim, Sukyung Kim, Hye-In Jeong, Mijeong Kwon, Hyun Mi Kim, Ji Sun Shim, Kyunga Kim, Jihyun Baek, Yechan Kyung, Suk-Joo Choi, Soo-Young Oh, Jaewoong Bae, Hong-Hee Won, Jihyun Kim, Kangmo Ahn","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.154","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to investigate the mediating factors between maternal anxiety and the development of food allergy (FA) in children until 2 years from birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this longitudinal cohort of 122 mother-child dyads from pregnancy to 24 months of age, we regularly surveyed maternal psychological states, infant feeding data, and allergic symptoms and collected stool samples at 6 months of age for microbiome analysis. Considering the temporal order of data collection, we investigated serial mediating effects and indirect effects among maternal anxiety, dietary diversity (DD), gut microbial diversity, and FA using structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 122 infants, 15 (12.3%) were diagnosed with FA. Increased maternal anxiety between 3 and 6 months after delivery was associated with a lower DD score. Infants with low DD at 4 months showed low gut microbial richness, which was associated with FA development. When the infants were grouped into 4 subtypes, using consensus clustering of 13 gut bacteria significantly associated with maternal anxiety and DD, <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Eubacterium</i>, <i>Clostridiales</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> were more abundant in the group with lower FA occurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postpartum maternal anxiety, mediated by reduced DD and gut microbial diversity, may be a risk factor for the development of FA in infants during the first 2 years of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":"154-167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10973635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming Maternal Worries: A Journey to Prevent Infants From Food Allergies by Enhancing Dietary Variety and Boosting Gut Health.","authors":"Minyoung Jung","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.126","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":"126-129"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10973631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic Approaches to Identifying Asthma Endotypes.","authors":"Audrey Kelly, Paul Lavender","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.130","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of asthma escalated rapidly in the late 20th century. In 2019, the World Health Organization estimated the global number of people affected by the condition to be approximately 260 million, causing 450,000 deaths during that year. While there have been advances in therapeutics with the emergence of biologics targeting T2-high asthma, there is still little clarity on the mechanisms underlying the origins of both the condition and all of its endotypes. Several biomarkers for particular asthma phenotypes have been documented. These are generally identified from transcriptomics and proteomics protocols and tend to be biased to T2-high phenotypes. In this review, we summarize some suggestions that analysis of epigenomes may provide alternative datasets that inform of broader asthma endotypes and might highlight pathways amenable for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":"130-141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10973632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the Outcome of Pediatric Oral Food Challenges for Determining Tolerance Development.","authors":"Hamin Kim, Kyunguk Jeong, Mireu Park, Yun Young Roh, Jae Hwa Jung, Soo Yeon Kim, Jong Deok Kim, Min Jung Kim, Yoon Hee Kim, Myung Hyun Sohn, Sooyoung Lee, Kyung Won Kim","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.179","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite the risk of anaphylaxis, oral food challenges (OFCs) are performed clinically for various indications, particularly to confirm tolerance development. This study aimed to assess OFCs by relevant indications and build an outcome prediction model to help determine when to perform OFCs in children who are likely to have developed immune tolerance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 432 pediatric OFCs were retrospectively analyzed according to indications. Clinical characteristics, serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) E, blood eosinophils, and specific IgE and IgG4 levels for food allergens were noted and compared. Machine learning was utilized to select the most important variables in determining the passage of the OFCs, and prediction models were constructed using the selected variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OFCs were most commonly performed to confirm tolerance development (number, %; 267, 61.8%). The most common food allergens tested were egg (191, 44.2%) and milk (135, 31.3%). Children who passed the egg challenges for confirming tolerance acquisition had significantly lower egg white-specific IgE level (<i>P</i> = 0.008). Similarly, those who passed milk challenges had significantly lower cow's milk-specific IgE (<i>P</i> = 0.002) and casein-specific IgE levels (<i>P</i> = 0.005). We developed a nomogram to predict the outcome of OFCs to determine the tolerance acquisition with the selected variables; lower food-specific IgE, higher total IgE, and younger age indicated a higher probability of passage. The area under the curve (95% confidence interval) was 0.623 (0.503-0.743) for egg and 0.734 (0.628-0.840) for milk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum total IgE and food-specific IgE combined with age showed trends toward passing OFCs for confirming tolerance development. The constructed model may be used by clinicians as a practical guide for minimizing the risks of OFCs and a timely reintroduction for children with food allergies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":"179-190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10973639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding and Challenging of Taxane Hypersensitivity.","authors":"Kyung Hee Park","doi":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.123","DOIUrl":"10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7547,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research","volume":"16 2","pages":"123-125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10973637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}