Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum最新文献_第3页

Systemic management of cerebral edema based on a new concept in severe head injury patients. 基于新概念的重型颅脑损伤患者脑水肿的全身管理。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_149

N Hayashi, T Hirayama, A Udagawa, W Daimon, M Ohata

{"title":"Systemic management of cerebral edema based on a new concept in severe head injury patients.","authors":"N Hayashi, T Hirayama, A Udagawa, W Daimon, M Ohata","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_149","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral hypothermia treatment of critical brain injury patients was studied based on the management and control of cerebral thermo-pooling, synaptic excitation, hypermetabolic demand, and the systemic critical condition of the metabolic reserve. The initial pathophysiological changes after trauma included a progressive increase in brain tissue temperature. Such cerebral thermo-pooling, which reached a maximum of 43.8 degrees C, can change or damage the vascular proteins directly. The brain tissue temperature was influenced by four factors: 1. the cerebral metabolism, 2. the systemic excess energy metabolism, 3. the CPP that carries the systemic energy to the brain tissue, and 4. the cerebral blood flow that leads to washout of brain tissue temperature. Mild cerebral hypothermia (32-33 degrees C) managed by the whole body compartment cooling technique in the critical conditions of diffuse brain injury patients (GCS < 4) produced a good recovery in 8 of 10 patients. Continuous monitoring of the jugular venous oxygen saturation and BTT/TMT was effective for evaluating cerebral ischemia and oxygen metabolic disturbances even during cerebral hypothermia treatment.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"541-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 70

The plasma and CSF vasopressin levels in brain tumors with brain edema. 脑肿瘤伴脑水肿患者血浆和脑脊液加压素水平的变化。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_105

V D Tenedieva, P V Lyamin, V P Nepomnyaschi

{"title":"The plasma and CSF vasopressin levels in brain tumors with brain edema.","authors":"V D Tenedieva, P V Lyamin, V P Nepomnyaschi","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_105","url":null,"abstract":"Vasopressin (VP) levels were evaluated by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in the arterial (A), peripheral (Vp) and jugular (Vj) vein blood and in CSF in 102 patients with brain tumors. In 60 cases the patients' state was complicated by brain edema (BE) and hemodynamic disturbances (HDD). The obtained data revealed significantly higher VP levels: 1) in A, Vp and CSF in patients with BE (Group A) in comparison with patients without BE (Group B), 2) in Vj in patients with HDD only (Group Bc) and 3) in Vp in patients with HDD and BE (Group Ac) in comparison with Group Bc (p < 0.05). There were marked extremely high VP levels in Vj in patients with severe haemorrhage, tachycardia and high blood pressure (BP) and in CSF in patients with tachycardia, high BP and cardiac arrest (p < 0.05 correspondingly in each of the cases). Our results on a clinical basis confirmed CSF VP influence on BE development. We also confirmed the neurohumoral (through blood) and neurotransmitter (possibly through CSF and/or vasopressinergic pathways) VP influences on cardiovascular regulation mechanisms. We content that this is a pathogenetic basis for application of VP direct or indirect antagonists for preventing and treating brain edema in neurosurgical patients.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"387-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Effect of histamine on the blood-tumor barrier in transplanted rat brain tumors. 组胺对移植大鼠脑瘤血肿瘤屏障的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_108

T Nomura, K Ikezaki, K Matsukado, M Fukui

引用次数: 15

LTC4/LTB4 alterations in rat forebrain ischemia and reperfusion and effects of AA-861, CV-3988. LTC4/LTB4在大鼠前脑缺血再灌注中的改变及AA-861、CV-3988的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_79

Y Namura, H Shio, J Kimura

{"title":"LTC4/LTB4 alterations in rat forebrain ischemia and reperfusion and effects of AA-861, CV-3988.","authors":"Y Namura, H Shio, J Kimura","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_79","url":null,"abstract":"LTC4, which enhances vascular permeability and promotes tissue edema, and LTB4, which is a potent chemotactic and activating factor for leukocytes, were measured in rat brain after ischemia and several time periods of reperfusion. Forebrain ischemia was induced by 4-vessel occlusion. LTC4/LTB4 in the brain were measured by RIA. We also studied the effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA-861 and a PAF antagonist, CV-3988 on LTC4/LTB4 concentrations. LTC4 in brain tissue increased during 30 min forebrain ischemia (p < 0.001). After reperfusion, LTC4 increased further, but at 15 min reperfusion LTC4 returned to the control level. Tissue levels of LTB4 in the brain increased during 30 min ischemia and remained high until 5 min after reperfusion (p < 0.01) returning at 15 min reperfusion to the control level. AA-861 inhibited elevation of LTC4/LTB4 in the reperfusion phase, but was not effective during ischemia. CV-3988 had a similar effect. LTC4 and LTB4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia brain edema and leukocyte infiltration. Further, PAF and LTs have many similarities of their pathophysiological properties, and may interact therefore in pathologic process.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"296-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18972223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

A square signal wave method for measurement of brain extra- and intracellular water content. 测量脑细胞外和细胞内含水量的方波方法。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_159

M L Itkis, J K Roberts, J B Ghajar, R J Hariri

引用次数: 4

The efficacy of shunting the hydrocephalic edema. 分流脑积水水肿的疗效观察。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_160

F Takei, K Shapiro, S Oi, O Sato

{"title":"The efficacy of shunting the hydrocephalic edema.","authors":"F Takei, K Shapiro, S Oi, O Sato","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_160","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of shunting the hydrocephalic edema was evaluated by means of transmission electromicroscopical observation (TEM) comparing ultrastructural alterations seen in either valid or invalid shunted feline hydrocephalus. Owning to shunt placement, deteriorated clinical symptoms recovered and one of the observed morphological alterations such as gliosis developed chronologically after the initiation of hydrocephalus. On the other hand, so called hydrocephalic edema observed in the region of periependymal tissue after shunt placement was improved not only in both valid and invalid shunted but also even in sham group however the extent of these alterations were different from each other. Among such observation, a distinct chronological linkage between the morphological alterations and clinical outcome was not noted. Our conclusions in present study were 1) shunt implantation results in the promotion of gliosis in the region of periventricular tissue in spite of the expected efficacy of shunt, 2) recovery of hydrocephalic edema was influenced not only by effective shunt implantation but also by the processes in chronological tissue reconstructions occurred in the natural course of hydrocephalus, and 3) early treatment of periventricular edema in hydrocephalus through shunting corrects the ill-fated neuro axis environments and reforming the intracranial conditions such as normalizing ICP and relieving hemodynamic distress seems to be more important than morphological recovery in treating hydrocephalus.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"577-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18973995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An assessment of progression of brain edema with amino acid levels in cerebrospinal fluid and changes in electroencephalogram in an adult cat model of cold brain injury. 脑冷损伤成年猫模型脑水肿进展与脑脊液氨基酸水平及脑电图变化的评估

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_16

H Kuchiwaki, S Inao, M Yamamoto, K Yoshida, K Sugita

{"title":"An assessment of progression of brain edema with amino acid levels in cerebrospinal fluid and changes in electroencephalogram in an adult cat model of cold brain injury.","authors":"H Kuchiwaki, S Inao, M Yamamoto, K Yoshida, K Sugita","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_16","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the relationship between the changes of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and concentration of amino acids (AAs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using a model of cold brain injury. A cold injury was made over the motor area of anesthetized adult cats (n = 45). The AAs in CSF from cisterna magna and in the blood were assayed by liquid chromatography. Frequency components and spike discharges/100 s in EEG were evaluated. Data were obtained before production of the lesion and every hour for 8 hours after the lesion was made. The AA-levels and EEG after the lesion was made were compared with those obtained in the controls and the sham operation group: S-group (n = 10) which were not significantly different. Glutamate and aspartate were not detected but methionine and serine were detected in the control CSF and S-group. These AAs increased during the first 4 hours (p < 0.05) and decreased thereafter. Significant increases in spike discharge and disappearance of fast wave (p < 0.02), and increase in AAs were concurrently detected. The AAs originated from necrosis in the lesion. During the next 4 hours, increase of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and valine continued (p < 0.05). Slow wave components (p < 0.02) and precursor AAs of neurotransmitters in CSF increased in association with expansion of edema fluid. In conclusion, our findings showed that changes in the concentration of AAs in CSF are useful indices of progression of edema associated with brain contusion.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"62-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18973997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Amino acids in extracellular fluid in vasogenic brain edema. 血管源性脑水肿中细胞外液中的氨基酸。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_33

I Westergren, B Nyström, A Hamberger, B B Johansson

引用次数: 7

Morphology of non-vascular intracerebral fluid spaces. 非血管性脑内液腔形态。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_39

J Cervós-Navarro, T Türker, F Worthmann

{"title":"Morphology of non-vascular intracerebral fluid spaces.","authors":"J Cervós-Navarro, T Türker, F Worthmann","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_39","url":null,"abstract":"In the electron microscope the value for the extracellular space (ECS) in the mammalian CNS was suggested of several percent to about one third dependent on the method how it was evaluated. Since von Harreveld introduced 1965 cryofixation to estimate the extension of the ECS, the method has been never applied in brain edema research. We carried out improved low temperature methods to measure the extracellular space of the mammalian CNS in physiological conditions. Small samples of brain tissue were cryofixed by slam freezing on a precooled metal mirror and substituted with ethanol at -95 degrees C over 17 hours. The embedding procedure was carried out at -22 degrees C with LR-White under UV-irradiation. ECS was measured computer assisted with Bioquant Software. The values for the ECS of the cryofixed normal rat brain were more than twice compared to the usual transmission electron microscopy (16.3% to 7.4%, p < 0.01) and close to those estimated by von Harreveld (18.1-25.5%, 1965). It was interesting that the data obtained in cryofixed normal rat brain correspond to the extension measured in rat brain with irradiation edema, which was conventionally treated for EM. Greater variance of ECS in cryofixed brain (16.3% +/- 3.4) demonstrate that it is far more variable than expected. This data correspond closely to the in vivo ECS. The morphological evaluation of brain edema should be revised under this premise.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"147-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18975713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopic study on the effect of glycerol on cold-induced brain edema. 甘油对冷致脑水肿影响的31p磁共振波谱研究。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_136

T Kamezawa, T Asakura, K Yatsushiro, M Niiro, S Kasamo, T Fujimoto

{"title":"31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopic study on the effect of glycerol on cold-induced brain edema.","authors":"T Kamezawa, T Asakura, K Yatsushiro, M Niiro, S Kasamo, T Fujimoto","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_136","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a hyperosmotic agent, 10% glycerol, on both brain energy metabolism and intracellular pH (pHi) in experimental vasogenic brain edema. Vasogenic brain edema was induced by cold injury applied to bilateral parietal portions in 13 mongrel dogs (7 glycerol, 6 control) while, 3 dogs were used as control. Before and at 24 hours after the injury, sequential phosphorous-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) was performed for 2 hours in order to determine phosphocreatine (PCr), beta-adenosine triphosphate (beta-ATP), inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels and pHi. At 24 hours following cold injury, both PCr/Pi and ATP/Pi ratios significantly decreased from 7.75 to 3.97 and from 2.26 to 1.25, respectively. Furthermore, a moderate decrease in pHi of 7.16 to 7.01 was significantly demonstrated during the same experimental period. Administration of glycerol for 30 minutes significantly increased PCr/Pi from 3.97 to 5.06 and ATP/Pi from 1.25 to 1.72, respectively. Also, glycerol administration caused a significant increase in pHi from 7.01 to 7.11. This study indicates that cryogenic injury, in which formation and expansion of vasogenic brain edema a known to occur, results in disturbed brain energy metabolism and in intracellular acidosis; moreover, the administration of glycerol can ameliorate either or both of these derangements.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"499-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18975730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3