Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum最新文献_第4页

The effect of alkalizing agents on experimental focal cerebral ischemia. 碱化剂对实验性局灶性脑缺血的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.3995/JSTROKE.16.173

H. Kuyama, T. Kitaoka, K. Fujita, S. Nagao

{"title":"The effect of alkalizing agents on experimental focal cerebral ischemia.","authors":"H. Kuyama, T. Kitaoka, K. Fujita, S. Nagao","doi":"10.3995/JSTROKE.16.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3995/JSTROKE.16.173","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the immediate effect of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (THAM) and NaHCO3 on focal cerebral ischemia produced by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) in cats. The animals were divided into three groups. In the control group, physiological saline was infused continuously. The THAM and NaHCO3 groups received continuous administration of 0.3 mol THAM and 7% NaHCO3, respectively, to normalize arterial pH. Local CBF measured in the marginal and suprasylvian gyri decreased less than 30 ml/100 g/min after the MCA occlusion and there were no significant differences among the three groups. Extracellular pH of the marginal gyrus (peri-infarct zone) decreased from 7.21 to 6.86 in the control group. However, extracellular pH did not show significant changes in the THAM and NaHCO3 groups. Intracellular pH of the infarct area decreased from 7.23 to 6.13 in the control group within 6 hours after occlusion. THAM had a tendency to normalize intracellular pH compared with that in the control and NaHCO3 groups. THAM significantly (p < 0.05) decreased water content of the gray matter in the marginal gyrus at 6 hours after occlusion and the infarct size compared with those in the control and NaHCO3 groups. Therefore, normalization of systemic and perifocal acidosis with THAM is effective for reducing cortical edema and infarct size in the early stage of focal cerebral ischemia probably due to the improvement of intracellular acidosis.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"40 1 1","pages":"325-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83362813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Temporal profiles of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent and -independent nitric oxide synthase activity in the rat brain microvessels following cerebral ischemia. 脑缺血后大鼠脑微血管中Ca2+/钙调素依赖性和非依赖性一氧化氮合酶活性的时间谱

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_76

T Nagafuji, M Sugiyama, T Matsui

引用次数: 33

Selective increase in blood-tumor barrier permeability by calcium antagonists in transplanted rat brain tumors. 钙拮抗剂选择性增加移植大鼠脑肿瘤血肿瘤屏障通透性。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_109

K Matsukado, T Nomura, K Ikezaki, M Fukui

引用次数: 12

Effect of steroids on brain lipocortin immunoreactivity. 类固醇对脑脂皮质素免疫反应性的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_26

K G Go, F Zuiderveen, L De Ley, J G Ter Haar, L Parente, E Solito, W M Molenaar

{"title":"Effect of steroids on brain lipocortin immunoreactivity.","authors":"K G Go, F Zuiderveen, L De Ley, J G Ter Haar, L Parente, E Solito, W M Molenaar","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_26","url":null,"abstract":"LCT-1, LCT-2 and LCT-5 were assessed in uninjured rats and rats subjected to a cortical freezing injury or middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Apart from animals receiving no treatment, other uninjured or injured animals received methylprednisolone (2 or 30 mg/kg) or the 21-aminosteroid U-74389F (10 mg/kg) one day and 2 hours before killing. The animals were killed by decapitation 1 hour after the freezing injury or the MCA occlusion and the area containing the lesion was removed and frozen in Freon. Frozen sections were treated with rabbit polyclonal anti-LCT antibody; binding of antibody was visualized by horseradish peroxidase-conjugated swine antirabbit antibody. Without steroid pretreatment, in the uninjured brain LCT immunoreactivity was absent in the greater part of the brain, except in sporadic microglia. In steroid-pretreated animals and in the freezing lesion of both pretreated and untreated animals there was extensive immunostaining; in the freezing lesion it may be due to passage of systemic LCT across the impaired blood-brain barrier in the lesion. The cellular elements showing immunostaining were meningeal cells, neurons, ependyma, choroid plexus, oligodendroglia and capillary endothelium. It implies that also in the brain the steroid effect is consistent with LCT formation.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"101-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18970423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

In vivo differentiation of edematous changes after stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats using diffusion weighted MRI. 弥散加权MRI对自发性高血压大鼠脑卒中后水肿变化的体内分化研究。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_60

M Takahashi, B Fritz-Zieroth, T Chikugo, H Ogawa

引用次数: 3

Effect of mannitol on focal cerebral ischemia evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. 磁共振成像评价甘露醇对局灶性脑缺血的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_61

H Kobayashi, H Ide, T Kodera, Y Handa, M Kabuto, T Kubota, M Maeda

{"title":"Effect of mannitol on focal cerebral ischemia evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"H Kobayashi, H Ide, T Kodera, Y Handa, M Kabuto, T Kubota, M Maeda","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_61","url":null,"abstract":"We have evaluated the effect of mannitol on focal cerebral ischemia using T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MR imaging. The left middle cerebral artery (MCA) was exposed via the transorbital approach in 20 adult cats and occluded just proximal to the origin of the perforating arteries. Seven cats in treatment group received mannitol (0.5 g/kg i.v.) at 0, 6, 12 and 18 hours after MCA occlusion. The other 13 cats received saline and served as controls. Sequential MR coronal images were obtained at 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after MCA occlusion using a GE Signa (1.5 tesla) system. IVIM MR imaging demonstrated ischemic cerebral injury as a sharply demarcated area at 2 hours after MCA occlusion in control group, while T2-weighted MR imaging failed to show clear evidence of the injury until 2-6 hours. At 24 hours after MCA occlusion, the infarcted area in the mannitol treatment group was 36.9 +/- 7.7% (S.E.M) of the left hemisphere, as compared to 57.3 +/- 5.3% in control group (p < 0.05). Mannitol has beneficial effect on ischemic injury.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"228-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18970435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Histochemical demonstration of free radicals (H2O2) in ischemic brain edema and protective effects of human recombinant superoxide dismutase on ischemic neuronal damage. 自由基(H2O2)在缺血性脑水肿中的组织化学表现及人重组超氧化物歧化酶对缺血性神经元损伤的保护作用。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_82

H Morooka, N Hirotsune, T Wani, T Ohmoto

{"title":"Histochemical demonstration of free radicals (H2O2) in ischemic brain edema and protective effects of human recombinant superoxide dismutase on ischemic neuronal damage.","authors":"H Morooka, N Hirotsune, T Wani, T Ohmoto","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_82","url":null,"abstract":"A new histofluorescence method by HPAA (p-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid) for free radicals in the brain tissue was devised to study neuronal damage induced by ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was produced in rats by injection of plastic microspheres and arachidonic acid (AA) into the right carotid artery. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA; free radical) in cerebral cortex of aminotriazol (an H2O2-dependent inhibitor of catalase) treated rats 2 h after stroke was 6.33 times the level before infarction, while the concentration of MDA in h-r SOD (free radical-scavenging enzyme) treated rats 2 h after stroke was significantly lower than in untreated rats. The histochemical findings demonstrated marked H2O2 production around blood vessels occluded by microspheres in the cerebral cortex of the aminotriazole treated rats 2 h after stroke together with disruption of the BBB. Light microscopical findings demonstrated extensive edematous changes in the aminotriazole treated rats 2 h after stroke, while pathological damage in SOD treated rat brains was absent or minimal. We conclude that free radicals are formed during ischemia, and that AA appears to be a major source of activated oxygen radicals. The findings indicate that SOD is protective against ischemia-induced neuronal damage.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"307-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Excitatory amino acid release from contused brain tissue into surrounding brain areas. 兴奋性氨基酸从挫伤的脑组织释放到周围的脑区。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_144

H Tanaka, Y Katayama, T Kawamata, T Tsubokawa

{"title":"Excitatory amino acid release from contused brain tissue into surrounding brain areas.","authors":"H Tanaka, Y Katayama, T Kawamata, T Tsubokawa","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_144","url":null,"abstract":"The EAA release from contused brain tissue and its effect on the extracellular EAA levels in brain areas surrounding the contusion were investigated with microdialysis technique in the rat. A significant increase in extracellular EAA levels was observed in the contused brain tissue. The EAA increase was significantly greater in the contused brain tissue than in the isolated but non-contused brain tissue. It was further demonstrated that EAAs were released from non-contused brain areas 1-2 mm distant from contused brain tissue. No such EAA release from surrounding brain areas was demonstrated when the cavity was filled with isolated but non-contused brain tissue. The increase in EAAs was attenuated by KYN administered through microdialysis, suggesting that the EAA release from the surrounding brain areas appears to be a consequence that is secondary to the EAA release from the contused brain tissue. Such a diffusion-reaction process is probably mediated by the neurotransmitter actions of EAAs. The results of the present study are of clinical importance, since surgical removal of contused brain tissue and administration of EAA antagonists may serve to protect the surrounding brain areas from EAA neurotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"524-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Medullary cardiovascular center and acute brain swelling. 髓系心血管中心和急性脑肿胀。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_45

M Maeda, T Takachi, M Nakai, A J Krieger, H N Sapru

{"title":"Medullary cardiovascular center and acute brain swelling.","authors":"M Maeda, T Takachi, M Nakai, A J Krieger, H N Sapru","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_45","url":null,"abstract":"Acute brain swelling is reported to be due to acute vasodilatation of cerebral vessels. One of the causes of acute brain swelling may be disturbance of central control mechanisms of cerebral vessels. It has been reported that the anatomical location of the area which controls cerebral circulation is related to the area which controls systemic circulation. However, the role of the cardiovascular center on cerebral circulation has not been clear. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to examine the effects of chemical stimulation of the medullary cardiovascular center [nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), ventrolateral depressor area (VLDA), and ventrolateral pressor area (VLPA)] on cerebral circulation. In anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated rats, the neurons in the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA were chemically stimulated and the cerebral blood flow (CBF) was determined using labeled microspheres. The CBF decreased significantly and the cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) increased significantly by chemical stimulation of the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA. These results suggest that the neurons within the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA control cerebral vessels vasoconstrictively. There is a possibility that the dysfunction of the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA may cause acute brain swelling.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"168-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_45","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The effects of topical dexamethasone on experimental brain tumors and peritumoral brain edema. 外用地塞米松对实验性脑肿瘤及瘤周脑水肿的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_107

Y Ikeda, B S Carson, D M Long

{"title":"The effects of topical dexamethasone on experimental brain tumors and peritumoral brain edema.","authors":"Y Ikeda, B S Carson, D M Long","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_107","url":null,"abstract":"To determine if topical dexamethasone administered to brain tumor beds would not only control peritumoral edema and suppress tumor growth but also prevent systemic steroid complications, we studied experimental brain tumors produced in 102 rabbits by implanted VX2 carcinoma cells. We separated 58 animals into three groups: 1) untreated rabbits (n = 15), 2) systemic dexamethasone-treated (4 mg/kg/day) rabbits (n = 18), and 3) topical dexamethasone-treated (2.5 microliters/h, osmotic pump) rabbits (n = 25). We administered systemic or topical dexamethasone from the third day or from the seventh day after tumor implantation, and sacrificed the animals on the 13th day. We compared survival in these three groups with that of another 44 rabbits, beginning treatment on the seventh day. We measured brain water content in the white matter of the sacrificed rabbits by the specific gravity method. We measured the length and width of the brain tumors of all the rabbits and estimated tumor volume. Systemic and topical dexamethasone administered from the third day produced statistically significant inhibition of tumor volume as well as a mean reduction in peritumoral brain edema in most tested sites. Systemic and topical dexamethasone treatment resulted in a statistically significant increase in survival relative to the untreated group. These results suggest that topical dexamethasone is efficacious in a brain tumor model and its administration to brain tumor beds constitutes a new therapeutic modality.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"397-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5