Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum最新文献_第2页

The effect of BAY K-8644 on cytotoxic edema induced by total ischemia of rat brain. BAY K-8644对大鼠脑全缺血致细胞毒性水肿的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_78

M Haida, Y Shinohara, M Yamamoto, T Nagayama, D Kurita

引用次数: 0

Involvement of nitric oxide and free radical (O2-) in neuronal injury induced by deprivation of oxygen and glucose in vitro. 一氧化氮和自由基(O2-)在体外缺氧和葡萄糖诱导的神经元损伤中的作用。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_24

J Ikeda, L Ma, I Morita, S Murota

{"title":"Involvement of nitric oxide and free radical (O2-) in neuronal injury induced by deprivation of oxygen and glucose in vitro.","authors":"J Ikeda, L Ma, I Morita, S Murota","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_24","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrix oxide (NO) is a free radical that has been recently proposed as a messenger molecule in the central nervous system. Since its involvement in glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro has been recently reported, using rat cortical cultures, we tested the hypothesis that NO also plays a role in neuronal injury induced by deprivation of oxygen and glucose. About 80-90% of neurons were killed in less than 12 h after a 4-6 h period of oxygen and glucose deprivation. N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), an inhibitor of nitric oxidase synthase (NOS), significantly ameliorated this neuronal injury in a dose dependent manner. Since it has been suggested that NO is inactivated in a short time period by interaction with superoxide anions (O2-), which are generated during ischemia-reperfusion in vivo, we further evaluated the effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on neuronal injury in this test system. SOD failed, however, to protect against neuronal death. Furthermore, concomitant addition of SOD and L-NNA rather reduced the beneficial effects of L-NNA. Our results suggest therefore that NO, at least in part, mediates neuronal injury secondary to deprivation of oxygen and glucose in vitro and that superoxide anions may have a protective role by inactivating NO.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"94-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18534031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Long term exposure to heat reduces edema formation after closed head injury in the rat. 大鼠闭合性颅脑损伤后，长期暴露在高温下可减少水肿的形成。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_121

E Shohami, M Novikov, M Horowitz

{"title":"Long term exposure to heat reduces edema formation after closed head injury in the rat.","authors":"E Shohami, M Novikov, M Horowitz","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_121","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral edema is one of the major consequences of head trauma (HT); its evolution may cause secondary ischemia and neuronal damage. In a closed head injury model in rats, we have shown BBB disruption and edema formation during the post traumatic period. We have previously shown that chronic exposure to moderate heat improves clinical outcome of rats subjected to HT. Long term exposure to heat results in the achievement of a stable acclimated state, characterized by a lower metabolic rate and improved heat tolerance. In the present study, we investigated the effect of chronic exposure to heat on edema formation after HT. Rats were held at 24 degrees C (CON) or 34 degrees C (ACC) for one month. Injury was then induced under ether anesthesia by a weight drop device. Four or 48 hours later, they were sacrificed for evaluation of BBB integrity (Evans blue, EB, extravasation) or edema formation (specific gravity, SG, or percent water). We found that EB uptake by the contused hemisphere was 6 fold lower in the ACC rats as compared to CON (p < 0.001). Furthermore, edema measured at 48 h by both SG and percent water methods was significantly lower in the acclimated rats (p < 0.01). We suggest that heat acclimation offers protection to rats subjected to head injury, possibly by reduction of plasma proteins extravasation.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"443-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18970439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Development of traumatic brain edema in old versus young rats. 老年与年轻大鼠创伤性脑水肿的发展。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_117

A Unterberg, G H Schneider, J Gottschalk, W R Lanksch

{"title":"Development of traumatic brain edema in old versus young rats.","authors":"A Unterberg, G H Schneider, J Gottschalk, W R Lanksch","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_117","url":null,"abstract":"Age is an important factor of mortality and morbidity following traumatic brain injury. The causes for the adverse effect of old age remain obscure. The aim of this study was to clarify whether age affects the development of posttraumatic brain edema. In Wistar rats, a cortical freezing lesion was applied to the parietal region in ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. 18 young rats (4-6 months) were compared to 15 old animals (36-40 months). In the early peritraumatic and late posttraumatic period blood pressure was monitored. 24 hours after trauma, the brains were removed and hemispheric swelling, water- und electrolyte-contents were measured. In addition, the brains of 3 animals of each group were histologically evaluated. In the old age group, 3 animals died during the 24 hours observation period (mortality 20%), whereas all young rats survived (p < 0.01). The cortical freezing lesion resulted in a hemispheric swelling of 6.9 +/- 0.5% in young, and 10.4 +/- 0.8% in old animals (p < 0.001). Accordingly, the increase of cerebral water content due to the lesion was significantly more pronounced in the group of old rats, i.e. 2.05% in old versus 1.50% in young animals (p < 0.01). The increase of swelling and edema in the old age group could not be attributed to arterial hypertension. On the contrary, mean arterial blood pressure was significantly lower in old animals. Histological examinations did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. Edema generation following a standardized cryogenic lesion is markedly enhanced in old versus young rats. This might be one factor among others for higher mortality and morbidity following traumatic brain injury in old versus young individuals.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"431-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

A thermal clearance probe for continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow. 用于连续监测脑血流的热清除探头。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_49

I R Chambers, M S Choksey, A Clark, A Green, A Jenkins, A D Mendelow

引用次数: 2

Measurement of in vivo cortical thermal clearance in man during complete circulatory standstill. 完全循环停止时人体体内皮质热清除率的测量。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_50

M S Choksey, I R Chambers, A D Mendelow, A Jenkins, R P Sengupta

引用次数: 0

Effect of YM737, a new glutathione analogue, on ischemic brain edema. 新型谷胱甘肽类似物YM737对缺血性脑水肿的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_85

O Gotoh, M Yamamoto, A Tamura, K Sano

引用次数: 21

Effect of acetazolamide on early ischemic cerebral edema in gerbils. 乙酰唑胺对沙鼠早期缺血性脑水肿的影响。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_88

Z Czernicki, T Kuroiwa, K Ohno, S Endo, U Ito

引用次数: 7

Therapeutical efficacy of a novel chloride transport blocker and an IP3-analogue in vasogenic brain edema. 一种新型氯离子转运阻滞剂和ip3类似物治疗血管源性脑水肿的疗效。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_147

S Berger, F Staub, M Stoffel, J Eriskat, L Schürer, A Baethmann

{"title":"Therapeutical efficacy of a novel chloride transport blocker and an IP3-analogue in vasogenic brain edema.","authors":"S Berger, F Staub, M Stoffel, J Eriskat, L Schürer, A Baethmann","doi":"10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_147","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of torasemide, a novel chloride-channel blocker, and of PP56, an IP3 analogue, was currently examined in experimental brain edema. Following trephination in anesthesia rats were subjected to a focal cold injury of the left cerebral hemisphere. Animals of 4 experimental groups receiving either torasemide (i.v. at 30 min before and 6 h after lesion) or PP56 (continuous infusion beginning at 30 min before until 24 h after lesion) at two dose levels were compared with controls administered with i.v. saline. 24 h after trauma the brain was removed from the skull, and the hemispheres were separated in the median plane for gravimetric assessment of hemispheric swelling. Hct, blood gases and body temperature remained constant in all groups. Blood pressure was found to increase in a dose-dependent manner in animals with torasemide. No significant reduction of brain swelling was found in animals with low-dose torasemide (8.51 +/- 0.63%) or low- (7.91 +/- 0.60) and high-dose PP56 (6.85 +/- 1.05%) as compared to the untreated controls. Brain swelling, however, was significantly attenuated by high-dose torasemide to 7.04 +/- 0.36%, as compared to 8.89 +/- 0.29% of the untreated group (p < 0.005). It is currently studied whether torasemide reduces brain swelling when given after the insult.","PeriodicalId":75393,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum","volume":"60 ","pages":"534-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18971576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Pharmacokinetic study of mannitol in subjects with increased ICP. 甘露醇在颅内压增高中的药代动力学研究。

Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_148

T Kobayashi, T Ichikawa, R Kondo, Y Yoshiyama, F Tomonaga, T Ohwada

引用次数: 5