AMB Express最新文献

{"title":"Moso bamboo invasion into coniferous forests transforms soil microbial communities in subtropical China.","authors":"Guiyao Liu, Ming Tang, Haoran Li, Bin Wang, Zhiyou Yuan, T Ryan Lock, Robert L Kallenbach","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02058-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02058-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is an invasive plant species against Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) plantation forest in subtropical nature reserves, China. However, the effects on soil bacterial and fungal communities caused by Moso bamboo invasion into Japanese cedar forests remain unclear. We performed high-throughput sequencing to compare the soil bacterial and fungal communities of pure Moso bamboo forests, mixed Moso bamboo-Japanese cedar forests, and pure Japanese cedar forests in southern China. The results showed that the invasion of Moso bamboo into Japanese cedar forests increased soil microbial diversity and abundance, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi for soil bacteria (p < 0.05), whereas the mixed forests had the highest relative abundance of Glomeromycota and Mortierellomycota for soil fungi. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis differentiated soil bacterial and fungal communities of pure Japanese cedar forests from those in pure Moso bamboo and mixed forests, indicating that the invasion likely ultimately changed mixed forests into Moso bamboo forests. Redundancy analysis and canonical correlation analysis revealed that soil total phosphorus was significantly associated with variations in bacterial (r2 = 0.88, p < 0.01) and fungal (r2 = 0.89, p < 0.01) communities in pure Japanese cedar forests, whereas the availability of soil phosphorus was significantly associated with variations in bacterial (r2 = 0.70, p < 0.05) and fungal communities (r2 = 0.65, p < 0.05) in pure Moso bamboo forests. Results from FAPROTAX analysis showed that aerobic chemoheterotrophy and chemoheterotrophy were the dominate functional groups across all samples. Theses study results indicated that the soil bacterial diversity was significantly enhanced and soil total phosphorus content was significantly decreased by the invasion of Moso bamboo into Japanese cedar forests. These changes will further facilitate the expansion of Moso bamboo.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13230465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-associated bioprospecting from Opisina arenosella: a Beauveria bassiana isolate against red palm weevil.","authors":"Baozhu Zhong, Chaojun Lv, Talat M Abdelrahman","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02039-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02039-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Host-associated bioprospecting of naturally infected insects provides a valuable approach for recovering indigenous entomopathogenic microorganisms adapted to local environments. In this exploratory study, seven microbial isolates (Four fungal and three bacterial) were recovered from naturally infected Opisina arenosella exhibiting signs of mycosis. Their pathogenicity was evaluated under laboratory conditions against larvae of the red palm weevil (RPW, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus). Among the recovered isolates, a single fungal isolate was identified as Beauveria bassiana (Zeb-01) and showed greater virulence compared with the other isolates obtained in this study. Morphological characterization using light and scanning electron microscopy, combined with molecular identification based on ITS and EF1-α sequencing, confirmed the identity of Zeb-01 and described its hyphal and conidial features. In laboratory bioassays, Zeb-01 caused dose- and time-dependent mortality, reaching 85% larval and 86% adult mortality at 1.0 × 10¹⁰ conidia/mL within 10 days. At the lowest tested concentration (1.0 × 10⁶ conidia/mL), mortality rates of 35% and 50% were recorded for larvae and adults, respectively. When evaluated under the same experimental conditions alongside a commercial B. bassiana formulation, Zeb-01 exhibited lower LC₅₀ and LT₅₀ values. These results document the isolation, identification, and laboratory evaluation of a single native B. bassiana isolate recovered from O. arenosella, and demonstrate its entomopathogenic activity against RPW, indicating its potential relevance for integrated pest management programs (IPM).</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13216439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus crispatus attenuates Escherichia coli-induced inflammation and migration of cervical cancer cells.","authors":"Dongli Tian, Lei Deng, Enting Lu, Huayang Li, Fanyi Meng, Xinyang Chen, Yi Zhang, Ye Sun","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02055-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02055-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comprehensive research has indicated that Lactobacillus, serving as the predominant bacterial genus in the female reproductive tract, effectively restrains pathogenic microorganisms and plays a vital role in upholding urogenital health. In the present study, Lactobacillus crispatus, a pivotal species within the Lactobacillus genus, was chosen to explore its antibacterial mechanisms against Escherichia coli and the molecular pathways implicated in alleviating the progression of cervical cancer complicated by Escherichia coli infection. Lactobacillus crispatus manifested notable inhibitory effects on the growth of Escherichia coli, with an average inhibition zone diameter of 23.86 ± 0.41 mm. The principal active agents accountable for this antimicrobial activity were ascertained to be viable Lactobacillus crispatus cells. Moreover, Lactobacillus crispatus significantly curbed the biofilm formation of Escherichia coli. Remarkably, Escherichia coli infection induced ferroptosis, exacerbated inflammatory responses, and promoted migratory capacity in human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and C-33A. In contrast, Lactobacillus crispatus treatment effectively attenuated Escherichia coli–induced ferroptosis, inflammation, and cell migration in human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and C-33A. As a microbial homeostasis regulator, Lactobacillus crispatus not only suppresses the growth of Escherichia coli but also improves the migratory potential of cervical cancer cells in the context of Escherichia coli infection, thus contributing to the preservation of female reproductive system health.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new diagnostic kit using real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","authors":"Reyhaneh-Sadat Mousavi-Kohnesari, Mahsa Kavousi, Abbas Doosti","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02044-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02044-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of infections by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which present symptoms similar to tuberculosis (TB), is rising worldwide, highlighting the critical need for precise differential diagnosis. To minimize false-positive TB diagnoses, this study focused on a novel target unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). A real-time PCR assay was developed using specific primers and probes targeting the IS6110 region. Specific primers and probes were designed using Primer3plus and evaluated in silico using the NCBI database. An internal control was incorporated by synthesizing and cloning a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene into the pcDNA3.1(+) vector, which was then transformed into Escherichia coli Top10F. Standards were prepared to determine the limit of detection (LOD) and assay efficiency. The kit’s accuracy and reproducibility were evaluated using real-time PCR on 15 MTB-positive DNA samples. The designed primers and probes specifically amplified a 365 bp fragment of the IS6110 region. The extracted plasmid concentration was 76.6 ng/µl. The assay utilized probes labeled with HEX for the IS6110 gene and FAM for the internal control. The standard curve demonstrated a linear dynamic range with a correlation coefficient (R²) of > 0.98 and an efficiency of 100%. The LOD was determined to be 10 copies/µL. Evaluation of accuracy and repeatability indicated high consistency, with minimal variation in Ct values across repetitions. Furthermore, the kit demonstrated stability across different manufacturing LOTs. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the developed quantitative Real-Time PCR assay, utilizing IS6110-HEX and 16 S rRNA-FAM probes, effectively identifies M. tuberculosis. While the results show high specificity and potential for distinguishing MTB from NTM, further validation with clinical NTM isolates is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral-gut microbiome dysbiosis in obese smokers reveals compartment-specific shifts.","authors":"Mohammed Ramadan, Esraa K Hassan, Salah Abdalla, Ali A Abdelrhman Ahmed, Marwa Azab, Kareem A Ibrahim, Ibrahim A Amin, Mohamed Ebid Ali, Ahmed Eid Alharbi, Mohammed Salah","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02048-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02048-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity and smoking are major global health threats with synergistic impacts on metabolic disease. The combined effects of these factors on the oral-gut (Orointestinal) microbiome axis, a crucial interface for systemic immunity and metabolism, remain poorly characterized. In this cross-sectional study, 108 age- and sex-matched participants were stratified into four groups (n = 27/group): Non-Obese Non-Smokers (Control), Obese Non-Smokers, Non-Obese Smokers, and Obese-Smokers. Orointestinal microbiomes were profiled via 16 S rRNA sequencing of stool and oral rinse samples, followed by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Compartment-specific patterns existed in relation to smoking and obesity. The oral microbiome of Obese-Smokers exhibited a significant, dose-dependent reduction in diversity (34% loss at > 20 cigarettes/day; padj = 0.008), synergistic depletion of oral commensals such as Elizabethkingia (log2FC = − 6.33, padj = 0.0032) and enrichment of pathobionts such as Escherichia_Shigella (log2FC = 3.2, padj = 0.00068). In contrast, the gut microbiome maintained stable bacterial diversity across groups, despite profound compositional shifts (PERMANOVA, padj = 0.003), with smokers showing a significantly elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (1.78 vs. 0.91 in controls; padj = 0.006). Critically, Obese-Smokers revealed a significant bidirectional pattern of the Orointestinal axis, specifically in the oral cavity, as evidenced by the significant Orointestinal co-occurrence of the oral pathobionts Neisseria and Leptotrichia (r = 0.67, p = 0.0001), which potentially highlights microbial covariation across habitats. A random forest model identified the oral taxon F0058 (Saccharimonadaceae) as a potential biomarker for Obese-Smoker status (AUC = 0.975, padj = 0.017). Obesity and smoking are associated with synergistic orointestinal dysbiosis, pathobiont expansion, commensal loss, and potential microbial covariation across habitats. The vulnerable oral microbiome, specifically the F0058 biomarker, offers a promising target for noninvasive risk stratification and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13087072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pheophytin a from Microcystis aeruginosa exerts antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rat model.","authors":"Rehab A Hussein, Abeer A Salama, Esraa M Halawa, Gamila H Ali, Ahmed H Afifi","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02043-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02043-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcystis aeruginosa is increasingly recognized as a valuable microbial source of bioactive secondary metabolites; however, the biotechnological potential of its pigments as antidiabetic agents remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to valorize M. aeruginosa biomass by isolating five major pigment derivatives and evaluating their antidiabetic activity in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. The algal extract was prepared, and five major compounds were separated, purified, and were identified. The two compounds, 1 and 5, were identified by their full spectral data as Dihydroxychlorophyllide a and Pheophytin a. The remaining three purified compounds, 2, 3, and 4, were identified based on their 1H- and 13C-NMR and ESI–MS data, as Chlorophyll-a, Hydroxypheophytin, and Anthraxanthin. Crucially, these isolated pigment fractions were determined to be non-toxic. Their antidiabetic effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetes was assessed in rat model with emphasis on blood glucose regulation, insulin receptor expression, GLUT4 levels, PI3K/AKT signaling, PKC/MAPK activity, and inflammatory biomarkers. Treatment with the isolated metabolites, particularly Pheophytin a, significantly mitigated hyperglycemia, upregulated insulin receptor and GLUT4 expression, activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and suppressed TNF-α mediated inflammation. Histological analysis confirmed that Compounds 2, 3, and 5 effectively preserved pancreatic architecture and protected Islets of Langerhans from diabetic atrophy and fibrosis. These findings demonstrate the novelty of identifying potent antidiabetic activity in M. aeruginosa pigments and support the biotechnological relevance of this cyanobacterium as a safe producer of bioactive metabolites for therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13083692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional platinum nanoparticles from Chlorella vulgaris: a statistical optimization study.","authors":"Noura Salah Nour, Ahmed Atef El-Beih, Sawsan Abd Ellatif, El-Sayed Mahdy, Hatem El-Mezayen","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02041-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02041-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reports the statistical optimization of platinum nanoparticles synthesized using intracellular polysaccharides from Chlorella vulgaris via a Box-Behnken design. Platinic acid and polysaccharide concentrations were identified as the dominant factors controlling nanoparticle formation, while temperature showed no statistically significant effect within the tested range. Model validation under optimal conditions (400 µM platinic acid, 200 µM polysaccharides, 97 ℃) confirmed strong agreement between predicted and experimental responses (R² = 0.968, p = 0.012), supporting model reliability. The optimized CV-PtNPs (23.1 nm) exhibited potent peroxidase and oxidase-like nanozyme activities with strong substrate affinity toward H2O2 and TMB, highlighting their catalytic efficiency. In addition, the nanoparticles demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as determined by agar diffusion assays. Additional assays indicated moderate antioxidant activity and enhanced wound closure, presented here as secondary biological effects supporting their multifunctional potential. These findings demonstrate the value of statistical design in achieving reproducible control over the catalytic properties of biologically synthesized platinum nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13083553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-COVID-19 activity and simple HPLC method for concurrent detection of repurposed drugs in novel binary mixtures.","authors":"Mohamed A Abd Elsalam, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Ahmed Mostafa, Mohamed Gaballah, Alaa-Eldin Elgendy, Mohamed A Ali, Ghada Hadad, Sarah Shabayek","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02030-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02030-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The discovery of a new antiviral drug specifically targeting SARS-CoV-2 would require considerable time and effort. Repositioning drugs that are already used for other viral infections is a valuable approach. Remdesivir is the first antiviral treatment approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for COVID-19. Nitazoxanide is a broad-spectrum anti-infective agent that has been suggested for repurposing in COVID-19 treatment. Recent research has demonstrated the synergistic anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral activity of Remdesivir when combined with Nitazoxanide. Moreover, Daclatasvir is an FDA-approved antiviral for managing chronic HCV infection, and its potential use in treating COVID-19 has been reported. Piroxicam is an FDA-approved anti-inflammatory with some clinical evidence supporting its application for COVID-19. There is no evidence for exploiting the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of Daclatasvir when combined with Piroxicam. We were able to demonstrate the enhanced anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the Remdesivir-Nitazoxanide and Daclatasvir-Piroxicam binary mixtures in Vero-E6 cells. In addition, we were able to develop a simple HPLC methodology for the concurrent determination of the two analytes of each binary mixture (Remdesivir-Nitazoxanide mixture and Daclatasvir-Piroxicam mixture) in both pure form and in human plasma using non-complicated, widely available analytical instruments. The proposed method is simple, accurate, quick, and sensitive. No drug interactions were observed in the tested binary mixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13087079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Bifidobacterium animalis alleviates high-fluoride exposure-induced kidney injury in mice.","authors":"Yu Chen, Ning Sun, Baoxing Gan, Yuhao He, Jiuyang Luo, Kangcheng Pan, Yan Zeng, Bo Jing, Dong Zeng, Xueqin Ni","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02031-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02031-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In areas with high fluoride concentrations in drinking water, residents may consume excessive fluoride, which may increase the risk of renal impairment. Although accumulating evidence suggests that probiotics may exert renoprotective effects, support for probiotic interventions against fluoride-associated renal injury remains limited, and the effects appear to be strain dependent. In a prolonged exposure model, mice received sodium fluoride in drinking water (25 or 50 ppm) for 56 weeks, after which renal function was assessed and metagenomic profiling was performed. Mice exposed to varying fluoride concentrations developed renal injury, and the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium animalis was significantly correlated with markers of renal function. A short-term fluoride-exposure model (sodium fluoride, 24 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks, by gavage) was used to evaluate the renal protective effect of Bifidobacterium animalis GY007. Supplementation with GY007 significantly reduced renal injury markers, including β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and lipocalin 2 (LCN2). GY007 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), increased anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10), and alleviated oxidative stress. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that GY007 improved mitochondrial morphology in damaged renal tissue. Further analyses showed that GY007 improved mitochondrial membrane potential, attenuated the upregulation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and fission 1 (Fis1), and normalized altered mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number. The mRNA levels of mtDNA-encoded genes (mtND3, mtCO2, and mtcyb) and the nuclear-encoded gene Sdhb were altered. Kidney metabolomic analysis revealed metabolic alterations associated with GY007 supplementation in fluoride-exposed mice, identifying eight significantly altered metabolites. This study provides evidence supporting the development of probiotic interventions to mitigate fluoride-associated renal injury in settings with elevated fluoride concentrations in drinking water.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis Taiwanofungus gaoligongensis fermentation with traditional Chinese medicine.","authors":"Tingwen He, Zhonghua Chen, Xiaolong Yuan, Churan Li, Yi Wang, Chunting Xiong, Yuan Zhong, Chengbo Peng, Zujiang Kang, Lu Li, Yuan Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s13568-026-02053-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-026-02053-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study employed a multi-omics approach to investigate the accumulation of bioactive terpenoids and flavonoids in Taiwanofungus gaoligongensis during liquid culture supplemented with traditional Chinese medicine materials, including Coix lacryma-jobi powder (YM), Astragalus membranaceus powder (HQ), and Pleuropterus multiflorus powder (HSW). Compared with pea flour (WDF), total terpenoid content increased significantly in the HQ and HSW groups, reaching 2.86-fold and 4.23-fold, respectively. Sesquiterpenoids were the predominant class, among which (+ /-)-α-bisabolol and nootkatone in HQ were 8.81-fold and 9.07-fold higher than those in WDF, respectively, whereas drechslerene E in HSW was elevated by 11.17-fold. Flavonoid accumulation was highest in the HQ group, reaching 16.05 times that of WDF, and was primarily composed of isoflavones. Specifically, the levels of maximaisoflavone J, glycitein 1, and formononetin in HQ were 56.59-, 460.39-, and 4570.37-fold higher than those in WDF, respectively. Moreover, the characteristic active component astragaloside IV from A. membranaceus and the flavonoids quercetin and rutin from P. multiflorus were detected in the HQ and HSW fermentation products, respectively. In contrast, potentially hepatotoxic constituents of P. multiflorus, including emodin and anthraquinones, were not detected in the HSW fermentation products, suggesting that co-fermentation with T. gaoligongensis may attenuate the toxicity of P. multiflorus. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the relative expression levels of multiple genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis were significantly upregulated in the HQ and HSW groups. In HSW, the expression levels of TgHMGS, TgHMGR, TgMVD, and TgOSC were 2.68-, 2.62-, 2.30-, and 1.86-fold higher than those in WDF, respectively, whereas TgAACT, TgIDI, TgSES, and TgErg25 were upregulated by 2.11-, 1.82-, 2.68-, and 2.25-fold in HQ. These genes may represent key regulatory nodes in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway of T. gaoligongensis. Furthermore, co-expression trend analysis combined with promoter-binding site prediction suggested that TgZnF10, TgHMG11, and TgZnF19 may regulate the transcriptional activity of TgHMGR, TgPMK, and TgFPPS_2, respectively, while TgErg26, TgErg62, TgErg4, and TgErg5 may be regulated by TgBHLH7, TgBZIP4, TgMYB3, and TgHOX2, respectively. Collectively, these findings provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization and industrial development of T. gaoligongensis through bidirectional fermentation with Chinese medicinal materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}