AMB Express最新文献

{"title":"Sulfo-phospho-vanillin method for screening Aurantiochytrium strains with high docosahexaenoic acid levels.","authors":"Person Pesona Renta, Ta-Yu Huang, Ping-Hao Yu, Anna C-C Jang, Yi-Min Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01859-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01859-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aurantiochytrium are protists found in marine and estuarine environments, known for producing high quantities of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The commercial viability of this species is currently hindered by the lack of reliable screening methods for the rapid identification of strains with high DHA content. This study developed a high-throughput screening platform based on the sulfo-phospho-vanillin (SPV) reaction, which produces a pink chromophore upon reacting with C-C double bonds in lipids. Analysis of 200 strains derived through the UV mutagenesis of the Aurantiochytrium limacinum strain BL10 revealed 7 strains that exhibited significantly elevated SPV reactivity, compared to the naïve strain (P < 0.01). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that in 4 of the 7 strains, DHA levels were significantly higher than those of the naïve strain. Among those 4 strains, the SPV reactivity values of two strains were precisely correlated with their DHA/DPA content. The SPV reaction protocol proposed in this paper has considerable potential for the high-throughput screening of Aurantiochytrium strains particularly those derived through UV mutagenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of grape seeds by different solvents affects the activities of the resultant extract.","authors":"Kareem Tarek, Alyaa Farid, Gehan Safwat","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01851-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01851-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phenolic compounds are concentrated in grape seeds; 60-70% of the extractable grape phenols are found in the seeds. The focus of this research was to isolate the phytochemicals from grape seed and to determine their ability to prevent haemolysis, their antioxidant and microbiological activities. By using the extraction procedure, three solvents were used (distilled water, ethanol and methanol). A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) test was performed to analyse the phenolic compounds and flavonoids content that were used to determine the efficiency of the various solvents used in the extraction process. All the variables under study, namely yield percentage, phenolic component concentration, and flavonoid content got significantly affected by the choice of the solvent used. The flavonoid content of the extracts was in the order methanolic extract > ethanolic extract > water extract. The methanolic extract of the grape seeds exhibited the most powerful antioxidant and hemolysis inhibitory effects among the three extracts, followed by the ethanolic and water extracts. The antibacterial activity of methanolic extract was found to be higher as compared to the ethanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts against Salmonella enteritidis, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Escherichia coli were found to be equivalent. In conclusion, grape seeds contained several bioactive compounds that exerted an antioxidant, hemolysis inhibition and anti-microbial activities. These activities depends on the concentration of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the grape seed extracts. Methanol was the superior solvent in the extraction process followed by ethanol.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of natural sweeteners.","authors":"Bengui Fan, Xiqin Liang, Yichi Li, Mingkai Li, Tongle Yu, Yuan Qin, Bohan Li, Tianyue An, Guoli Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01864-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01864-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural sweeteners have attracted widespread attention because they are eco-friendly, healthy, low in calories, and tasty. The demand for natural sweeteners is increasing together with the popularity of green, low-carbon, sustainable development. With the development of synthetic biology, microbial cell factories have emerged as an effective method to produce large amounts of natural sweeteners. This technology has significantly progressed in recent years. This review summarizes the pathways and the enzymes related to the biosynthesis of natural sweeteners, such as mogrosides, steviol glycosides, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, phlorizin, trilobatin, erythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, thaumatin, monellin, and brazzein. Moreover, it focuses on the research about the microbial production of these natural sweeteners using synthetic biology methods, aiming to provide a reference for future research on the production of natural sweeteners.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus-infected diabetic wounds by melatonin loaded nanocarriers.","authors":"Alyaa Farid, Ayah Mohsen, Bassant Nasser, Habiba Alaa, Mariam Abdelaziz, Maryam Mustafa, Mustafa Mansour, Nourhan Adel, Salma Magdy, Salma Mohsen, Samah Adel, Sarah Ibrahim, Shaymaa Abdel-Rahman, Sohaila Mohamed, Yomna El-Karamany","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01854-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01854-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the complication of diabetes mellitus is chronic wounds. The healing of wounds in diabetic patients is retarded by the elevation in the pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and free radicles accumulation. Wound management in diabetic patients requires preventing bacterial biofilm development. Due to the wound healing activity of chitosan (CS), lecithin (Le) and melatonin (M), the present study aimed to load melatonin on CS/Le NPs and examine their effect on diabetic wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Melatonin loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles (M-CS/Le NPs) were physically characterized and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities were examined in vitro. Male Sprague Dawley rats included two division (non-diabetic and diabetic) which were further divided in nine groups. Diabetes induction and follow up throughout the experimental period was confirmed by measuring the levels of fructosamine and blood glucose. Full-thickness wounds was induced in both non-diabetic and diabetic animals followed by infection with Staphylococcus aureus according to the experimental design. The wound healing effect of M-CS/Le NPs was evaluated through measurements of the oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic proteins. Our results showed the anti-microbial, free radical scavenging and hemolysis inhibition effects of M-CS/Le NPs in vitro. Moreover, the preparation of M-CS/Le NPs decreased the dose of used melatonin (when compared to free melatonin). M-CS/Le NPs significantly decreased the wound area percent in treated infected wounds of both non-diabetic and diabetic rats more than free melatonin or unloaded CS/Le NPs. In conclusion, M-CS/Le NPs promoted the wound healing in Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds in diabetic rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection of African swine fever virus by a blue latex microsphere immunochromatographic strip.","authors":"Yanli Hu, Yingjun Xia, Huiwen Mo, Li Zhang, Wenjian Cao, Rui Fang, Junlong Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01857-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01857-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease in pigs, caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Currently, there are no effective vaccines and drugs for ASFV, making diagnostic methods crucial for the prevention and control of ASF. In this study, the ASFV p30 protein was successfully expressed using a prokaryotic expression system and used as an immunogen to prepare monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2A5. The antigenic epitope recognized by the mAb 2A5 was identified as ⁵⁸VKYDIVKSARIYAGQGY⁷⁴. Then, a blue latex microsphere immunochromatographic strip method for detecting ASFV antigens was established. Wherein a rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb) against p30 stored in our laboratory was coupled with blue latex microspheres to prepare an immune probe, with mAb 2A5 as the test line and goat anti-rabbit IgG as the control line. The immunochromatographic strip exhibited excellent sensitivity, with a minimum detection limit of 10 ng/mL for the p30 protein. It demonstrated good specificity, showing no cross-reactivity with PRRSV, PCV2, PPV, and PEDV. Moreover, it maintained good stability and could be stored for at least 100 days at 37 °C. The concordance rate between the immunochromatographic strip and qPCR test kit was 92.2%. The immunochromatographic strip method can meet the requirements of clinical testing and provide technical support for ASFV diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of solvents on the extraction efficiency and biological activity of marbled eel mucus.","authors":"Kieu Thi Huyen, Nguyen Quang Linh","doi":"10.1186/s13568-024-01819-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-024-01819-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marbled eels are migratory between freshwater, brackish, and saltwater environments. Eel mucus contains biological components that are essential in protecting against environmental pathogens. The biological activity of mucus depends on endogenous and exogenous factors. This study aimed to determine the influence of solvents in extracting bioactive compounds from marbled eel mucus for aquaculture and human healthcare applications. The results show that different solvents affect the composition and biological activity of the extract from marbled eel mucus. The extracts have 19-23 other peaks of compounds, with retention times ranging from 0.8 to 60.0 min on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The selective extraction rate of components (% area) has significant differences between extracts with different solvents. The eel mucus extracted with acetone solvent exhibited the highest biological activity in all tests: IC50 = 36.603 mg/mL and SC% = 98.424% at 100 mg/mL for antioxidant activity; Antibacterial activity was demonstrated against S. aureus (IC50 = 65.00 ± 3.01 µg/mL) and B. subtilis (IC50 = 112.00 ± 7.89 µg/mL); The ability to inhibit human skin cancer cells (IC50 = 465.96 ± 8.54 µg/mL) and normal cells (IC50 = 453.36 ± 17.88 µg/mL). Extracts extracted with n-Hexane solvent showed higher safety for cells than extracts from other solvents (IC50 = 632.43 ± 18.80 µg/mL, higher than the value IC50 = 545.25 ± 26.36 µg/mL for skin cancer cells). These results provide important data for selecting and applying products derived from extracts of marbled eel mucus in the future, sparking excitement and optimism about this research's potential impact on aquaculture and human health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of gut microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to healthy controls.","authors":"Azin Masroor, Abolfazl Gholipour, Milad Shahini Shams Abadi, Mohammad Mousavi, Moluk Hadi Alijanvand, Behnam Zamanzad","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01855-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01855-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Artemisia monosperma with royal jelly: antibacterial, antioxidant, antibiofilm, and anti-Alzheimer assay.","authors":"Naglaa Elshafey, Sally Said Ehmedan, Nashwa Hagagy, Shereen M Elbanna, Reham Z Sadek","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01838-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01838-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This investigation aimed to examine the synergistic effects of fresh royal jelly and local wild Artemisia monosperma leaf extract as antibacterial, antioxidant, antibiofilm, and anti-Alzheimer activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified 16 compounds in Artemisia monosperma, including tricosadiynoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, octadecenoic acid. In contrast, fresh royal jelly contained 13 compounds, including dodecanoic acid, octadecynoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, heptatriacotanol, and their derivatives. The Artemisia monosperma extract exhibited significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay, with IC₅₀ value of 5.48 ± 0.002 µg/mL. Fresh royal jelly exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 14.56 ± 0.004 µg/mL. Both substances exhibited significant antibacterial activity in comparison to gentamycin. The Synergistic combination (1:1) effectively suppressed the growth of multidrug-resistant bacterial species, including Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 10541), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 6539), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 90274), and decreased biofilm activity. Additionally, in vitro the of inhibition activity (IC₅₀) of the Butyrylcholinesterase enzyme (BChE) for the plant extract, royal jelly and the Synergistic combination were 4.35 ± 0.002 µg/mL, 4.9 ± 0.002 µg/mL, and 3.55 ± 0.002 µg/mL, respectively while the IC₅₀ of rivastigmine (positive control) was 3.9 ± 0.002 µg/mL. in silico analysis reported that the bioactive compounds demonstrated high binding affinities, between - 6.6 and - 10.3 kcal/mol, against the human acetylcholinesterase protein, beside ADMET analysis exhibited high gastrointestinal absorption and potential inhibitory effects on CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 enzymes. Our study indicated that the synergistic effect of Artemisia monosperma and royal jelly bioactive compounds exhibited a promising antibacterial, antioxidant, antibiofilm, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent insights on phage therapy against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Ann A Elshamy, Sandra K Kamal, Mariam T Mahmoud, Aya M Elhasany, Aya A Shady, Sherok A Mohamed, Hasna A Abd-Elmaaboud, Nour E El-Awady, Rana A Mohamed, Sara A El-Mirghany, Sarraa W El-Hady, Mohamed M Abd-ElRahman, Khaled M Aboshanab","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01837-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01837-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acinetobacter baumannii is a prevalent clinical pathogen commonly found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR), causing serious to life-threatening infections, particularly hospital-acquired infections with limited therapeutic options. The MDR phenotype developed against this critical pathogen is increasingly developed globally, reaching a pan-drug-resistant phenotype conferring non-susceptibility to all antimicrobials used in its treatment according to the standard guidelines. Therefore, it is critical to develop innovative treatment approaches, such as phage therapy, considering the rise in drug-resistant A. baumannii infections. In this review, we highlight and discuss the up-to-date antimicrobial resistance of A. baumannii, the use of phages, their limitations, and future perspectives in treating A. baumannii infections. In addition, the combination of phages with antimicrobials, preclinical and clinical studies including pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties have been discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saponins from sea cucumber disrupt Aeromonas hydrophila quorum sensing to mitigate pathogenicity.","authors":"Banafsheh Payam, Mehdi Soltani, Mehdi Shamsaie Mehrgan, Houman Rajabi Islami, Melika Nazemi","doi":"10.1186/s13568-025-01831-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13568-025-01831-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aeromonas hydrophila, a Gram-negative bacterium, poses significant threats to aquaculture, leading to substantial economic losses. Its pathogenicity is primarily driven by a sophisticated quorum sensing (QS) system that regulates virulence factors. This study investigates saponins extracted from the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota as potential natural inhibitors of QS in A. hydrophila, offering a novel disease management strategy for aquaculture. Specimens of H. leucospilota were collected, and saponins were extracted from their Cuvierian tubules through a process of homogenization, solvent extraction, and purification. The saponin extract's minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against A. hydrophila were found to be 80 μg/mL and 30 μg/mL, respectively. Hemolysin, lipase, and protease are examples of QS-regulated virulence factors whose activities were found to be significantly reduced by sub-MIC levels of saponins. Additionally, swarming motility and biofilm formation were notably inhibited. A significant downregulation of the QS genes ahyI and ahyR was observed, indicating an effective disruption of the QS system.These findings suggest that saponins from H. leucospilota can inhibit the QS system in A. hydrophila, thereby reducing its pathogenicity. This disruption offers a promising method for controlling bacterial infections without directly killing the bacteria, potentially mitigating antibiotic resistance. The study highlights the potential of marine-derived compounds as natural QS inhibitors, contributing to environmentally friendly aquaculture practices. Overall, it provides evidence that sea cucumber saponins could serve as a novel class of anti-QS agents, presenting a new perspective on disease management in aquaculture and other bacterial infection contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7537,"journal":{"name":"AMB Express","volume":"15 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}