Allergologia et immunopathologia最新文献

{"title":"Phenotypic characteristics of exacerbations in severe asthmatics receiving biological agent treatment.","authors":"Hatice Çelik Tuğlu, Kurtuluş Aksu, Özgür Akkale, Onur Telli, Fatma Dindar Çelik, Melis Yağdıran, Özge Göktürk, Gürgün Tuğe Vural Solak, Funda Aksu","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1545","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Identifying the eosinophilic, neutrophilic, or infectious phenotypes of exacerbations, particularly those occurring during biologic agent therapy, may provide valuable guidance for determining maintenance therapy for patients and preventing recurrent exacerbations. Our study primarily aimed to evaluate the clinical phenotypic features of exacerbations in patients with severe asthma receiving biologic agent therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The first asthma exacerbation experienced by the patients after the 16th week of biological agent treatment was evaluated in terms of inflammatory phenotype and clinical features. White blood cell counts and C-reactive protein levels, related season, antibiotic use, and hospitalization during the exacerbation were recorded from patients' medical file records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data of 75 patients with severe asthma receiving biological treatment were analyzed. Subjects were aged 48.0 (mean) ± 11.0 (standard deviation), and 52 (69.3%) of them were female. Biological agent used in treatment was omalizumab in 53 (70.7%) subjects and mepolizumab in 22 (29.3%) subjects. The majority of exacerbations in asthmatics treated with either biologic agent were eosinophilic. In patients using omalizumab, the median eosinophil count was significantly higher compared to those using mepolizumab (p=0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phenotyping of asthma exacerbations that persist in spite of biologic therapy will guide treatment adjustments and decisions to switch biologic agents to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atopic dermatitis in adolescents: assessment of quality of life, anxiety, and depression levels.","authors":"Aslı Berivan Topçak, Eren Güzeloğlu, Sefika Ilknur Kökcü Karadag, Nilay Çalışkan, Güler Yıldırım, Hamit Bologur, Hilal Güngör, Merve Karaca Şahin, Muhammed Fatih Erbay, Hasan Tunç Şarman, Hüseyin Dağ, Deniz Ozceker","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1561","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study evaluated the quality of life, anxiety, and depression in adolescents diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Adolescents diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD) (n = 25) who were not receiving regular treatment were compared with 41 healthy adolescents. Disease severity in adolescents with AD was evaluated using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index and the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). In both groups, depression and anxiety were assessed using the Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales. Results indicated that quality of life was severely affected (Median = 16.0, AD group). The mean anxiety and depression scores were 34.0 and 16.0, respectively, in the AD group, and 35.0 and 11.0, respectively, in the control group. Pruritus severity was significantly correlated with both anxiety (r = 0.524, p = 0.01) and depression (r = 0.472, p = 0.02). Quality of life decreased in adolescents with AD, while signs and symptoms of anxiety and depression were more prevalent. The results also revealed a significant relationship between pruritus severity and psychological burden. These findings suggest that it is important to evaluate patients with AD using a holistic approach, not solely based on dermatological assessment but in concert with psychosocial needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling heterogeneity in individual thresholds: validation using urinary prostaglandin D₂ metabolite in food allergy reactions.","authors":"Hisako Ogasawara, Yusuke Inuzuka, Kotaro Umezawa, Nanae Nagata, Mami Shimada, Sayaka Hamaguchi, Tatsuki Fukuie, Tatsuo Shimosawa, Yukihiro Ohya, Takahisa Murata, Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1525","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of food allergies among children is on the rise, presenting with a spectrum of severity from mild cases to those resulting in anaphylaxis. Ensuring the safe progression of home-based food ingestion is essential in managing food allergy. While the oral food challenge (OFC) test ideally confirms the threshold and tolerated dose, past findings indicated that about 30% of children who passed peanut OFCs experienced peanut-related allergic reactions when introducing peanuts at home.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is presumed that the immune reactions occurring within individual patients vary in levels according to the situation. To date, no reports have objectively examined these conditions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We present the symptoms and validation of an objective biomarker in eight pediatric cases during home introduction of food allergens. The urinary Prostaglandin D metabolite (PGDM) was measured as a noninvasive biomarker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some cases exhibited mild symptoms and elevated urinary PGDM levels during home introduction despite ingesting half the dose that confirmed as safe during OFC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It underscores the importance of considering individual variability in determining food allergy thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"143-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy and lactation in patients with common variable immunodeficiency: a single center experience.","authors":"Fikriye Kalkan, Sait Yeşillik, Fevzi Demirel, Ali Selçuk, Mustafa İlker İnan, Ezgi Sönmez, Yasemin Balaban, Özgür Kartal","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1483","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary antibody deficiency characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent infections. Studies on the effects of CVID in pregnant patients are still needed. We aimed to investigate the effects of CVID on pregnancy outcomes and newborns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated 33 women with CVID and 94 pregnant women at our center. Patients were assessed based on infection rates, pregnancy complications, and use of immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) in both preterm and post-term periods. Patient data were collected from hospital databases and medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age at first pregnancy was 24.7 (17-45) years, with an average of 2.8 pregnancies per woman. CVID was detected before pregnancy in 24.2% of cases, and 24.2% of patients initiated IgRT during pregnancy. The live birth rate was 69.1%, while early fetal loss occurred in 27.7% of pregnancies, and stillbirth in 3.2%. Infection-related complications occurred in 18% of pregnancies and 14.9% of postpartum periods. The most common infections were upper respiratory and urinary tract infections. Parenteral antibiotic treatment was required for patients who did not receive IgRT during pregnancy. Neonatal infections were observed in 6.6% of cases, and the admission rate to the neonatal intensive care unit was 5.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study emphasizes that live birth and fetal loss rates in patients with CVID are comparable to those in the general population. Informing patients of the potential risks associated with consanguinity is crucial. Moreover, given the increased vulnerability of patients with CVID to infections, extra precautions are needed during pregnancy and the postpartum period.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical appraisal of reporting, statistical methodology, and interpretation in a preclinical intranasal curcumin model of allergic rhinitis.","authors":"Kazim Okan Dolu","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1708","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"178-179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline serum double-mite (D1+D2) sIgE/tIgE ratio as a predictor of early-phase response to dual-mite subcutaneous immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis.","authors":"Chengzhi Huang, Zhiyuan Tang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1514","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for allergic rhinitis (AR) requires long-term treatment, and its phased efficacy often influences patient adherence. Identifying early biomarkers, such as serum-specific IgE to total IgE (sIgE/tIgE) ratio, may support individualized management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the predictive value of baseline double-mite (D1+D2) sIgE/tIgE ratio for phased dual-mite SCIT response in AR patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively enrolled 194 AR patients sensitized to <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> (D1) and <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i> (D2) who received dual-mite SCIT between September 2022 and January 2023. Baseline serum tIgE and sIgE (D1+D2) were measured, and the combined sIgE/tIgE ratio was calculated. Treatment response was evaluated by reduction in visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at months 6 and 12, with the efficacy distribution compared between the two time points using the Chi-square test. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of achieving at least an effective response, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied for sIgE/tIgE ratio when indicated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SCIT efficacy improved over time, with a significant shift in response distribution between 6 and 12 months (<i>χ</i> ² = 10.084, P = 0.006). At 6 months, multivariable analysis showed that both higher baseline VAS score (OR = 0.954, 95% CI: 0.929-0.980, P < 0.001) and higher sIgE/tIgE ratio (OR = 0.985, 95% CI: 0.972-0.999, P = 0.036) were independently associated with lower likelihood of achieving at least effective response. ROC analysis indicated a cutoff sIgE/tIgE ratio of 26.62% for predicting poor short-term response. At month 12, only baseline VAS score remained a significant predictor (OR = 1.038, 95% CI: 1.005-1.072, P = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SCIT efficacy progressively improves over the first year. A higher baseline sIgE (D1+D2)/tIgE ratio (>26.62%) predicts poorer short-term response, highlighting the value of objective biomarkers for early response assessment and individualized management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"164-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional patterns of molecular sensitization to dust mites and pollens in a Portuguese pediatric population: a multicentric study.","authors":"João Nogueira Oliveira, Mafalda Moreira, Manuel Lima Ferreira, Sandra Teixeira, Marta Santalha, Teresa São Simão, Armandina Silva, Filipa Almeida, Hernani Brito, Fernanda Carvalho, Estefânia Maia, Carla Chaves Loureiro, Catarina Leuzinguer, Sara Machado, Cláudia Pedrosa, Patricia Silva Veríssimo, Sofia Guedes, Carla Rosa, Georgeta Oliveira, Ana Paula Aguiar, Catarina Freitas, Lara Torres, Maria Alexandra Rodrigues, Pedro Guerra, Helena Ramalho, Beatriz Sousa, Mariana Branco, Ana Sofia Nunes, Mariana Oliveira Pereira, Margarida Reis Morais, José Fraga, Inês Falcão, Maria José Dinis, Conceição Silva, Raquel Santos, Rita Silva Pereira, Márcia Quaresma, Diana Pinto, Ana Rita Araújo","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1582","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular tools enable detailed analysis of molecular allergens. Understanding their regional variability, considering environmental factors, improves diagnostic accuracy and allows individualized approaches in pediatric allergy management. This multicenter retrospective study analyzed the results of ImmunoCAP ISAC^® test (n = 1010) performed in pediatric patients from 14 Portuguese hospitals. Sensitization to dust mite (DM) molecular allergens was found in 64% of patients, mainly to major allergens Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23. There were 96 patients (10%) monosensitized to one DM molecular allergen with almost half of them being sensitized to Der p 23 (48%), followed by Der p 1 (26%). Urbanization and coastal residence were associated with a higher risk of DM sensitization, particularly to <i>Dermatophagoides</i> species. Pollen sensitization affected 57% of patients, with grass pollens-mainly Phl p 1 and Cyn d 1-being the most prevalent pollens. Interior regions, characterized by greater vegetation, showed a significantly higher prevalence of pollen sensitization. Regional trends that reflected the native flora were noted, such as elevated sensitivity to olive pollen allergen Ole e 1 in Trás-os-Montes region and Arizona cypress pollen allergen Cup a 1 in Coimbra region. Sensitization to birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and proteins of the pathogenesis-related class 10 plant protein family (PR-10) was associated with food allergy. The findings of this research emphasized the need for incorporating these regional variations into clinical practice and draw attention to notable regional variations in allergy sensitivity patterns among Portuguese children.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"109-116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering Type 2 inflammatory profiles in severe eosinophilic asthma with nasal polyps: the role of transcript-protein ratios and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> enterotoxin B-specific IgE.","authors":"İnsu Yılmaz, Serpil Taheri, Bahar Arslan, Şerife Erdem, Ahmet Eken, Gülden Paçacı Çetin, Murat Türk, Zeynep Yılmaz, Zuhal Hamurcu, Nuri Tutar","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1486","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe eosinophilic asthma with nasal polyps (SEAwNP) is a clinical phenotype characterized by elevated peripheral eosinophil counts and heightened type 2 (T2) inflammation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aimed to compare the transcript/protein expression ratios of factor XIII-A (F13A), B-cell activating factor (BAFF), interleukin-5 (IL-5), and thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), as well as serum Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B-Specific IgE (SEB-IgE) levels, among patients with SEAwNP, SEA without nasal polyps (NP), NP without asthma, and healthy controls groups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 73 participants were enrolled and stratified into four groups: SEAwNP (n=20), SEA without NP (n=18), NP without asthma (n=15), and healthy controls (n=20). Peripheral blood samples were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR and protein levels using ELISA for periostin, F13A, BAFF, IL-5, and TARC. Serum SEB-IgE levels were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SEAwNP patients exhibited significantly elevated transcript/protein expression ratios of periostin, F13A, BAFF, and IL-5 compared to SEA without NP (p=0.007, p=0.001, p=0.019, and p=0.017, respectively). Furthermore, periostin, F13A, BAFF, IL-5, and TARC transcript/protein ratios were significantly higher in SEAwNP patients compared to healthy controls (p=0.0001, p=0.001, p=0.003, p=0.014, and p=0.02, respectively). SEB-IgE positivity rates were 45% in SEAwNP, 38% in SEA without NP, 13% in NP without asthma, and 0% in healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEAwNP is associated with elevated transcript/protein expression ratio of key T2 inflammatory mediators and increased SEB-IgE positivity, supporting their potential role in the immunopathogenesis of this phenotype. These findings underscore the importance of biomarker profiling in distinguishing endotypes within the spectrum of eosinophilic airway diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers and immune cells in allergen-specific immunotherapy: toward objective evaluation.","authors":"Chengzhi Huang, Zhiyuan Tang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1533","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only intervention capable of modifying the natural course of allergic diseases by inducing long-term immune tolerance. Its clinical efficacy depends on complex regulations of humoral and cellular immunity, yet objective assessment remains hindered by the absence of standardized biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review summarizes recent advances in the immunological mechanisms of AIT and highlights emerging biomarkers-including allergen-specific immunoglobulin G4, regulatory T and B cells, and innate lymphoid cells-that may provide objective measures of efficacy and support individualized treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>(1) AIT uniquely modifies the natural history of allergic diseases; (2) current evaluation relies on subjective measures, highlighting the urgent need for standardized and clinically applicable biomarkers; (3) molecular markers and immune cell subsets offer promising tools for bridging mechanistic insights with clinical endpoints, supporting real-time monitoring and precision-guided optimization of AIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"156-163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can food allergy trigger acute pancreatitis? Exploring an unusual etiology.","authors":"Yasemin Akgul Balaban, Mustafa Ilker Inan, Fikriye Kalkan, Ezgi Sonmez, Galip Buyukturan, Fevzi Demirel, Ali Selcuk, Sait Yesillik, Yusuf Serdar Sakin, Ozgur Kartal","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1544","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>Food allergy (FA) is an immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to specific dietary antigens. While FA typically manifests with skin, respiratory, or gastrointestinal symptoms, its role in acute pancreatitis remains unclear. Acute pancreatitis is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory condition with well-known etiologies; however, in up to 30% of cases, no identifiable cause is found, resulting in a diagnosis of idiopathic acute pancreatitis (IAP).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This prospective study aimed to investigate the potential association between FA and IAP in adult patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Forty-nine adult patients diagnosed with IAP were evaluated. During the acute episode, serum tryptase, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophil levels were measured. Eight weeks post-recovery, skin prick tests (SPT) and serum-specific IgE (sIgE) tests were performed for common and suspected food allergens. Patients with positive results underwent further testing, including prick-to-prick testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 49 patients, eight (16.3%) demonstrated sensitization to food allergens, such as cow's milk, wheat, red meat, banana, plum, and tomatoes. These patients had significantly higher total IgE levels (P = 0.001). No significant differences were found in attack severity or tryptase levels between FA and non-FA groups. One patient experienced recurrence after re-exposure to the identified allergen. SPT alone failed to detect sensitization in several cases, whereas sIgE and prick-to-prick tests improved diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first prospective study to suggest a potential link between FA and IAP. In cases of unexplained pancreatitis, FA should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Multidisciplinary collaboration between gastroenterologists and allergists is recommended for accurate diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}