Allergologia et immunopathologia最新文献

{"title":"Knockdown of STAU1 inhibits inflammation and autophagy in <i>in vitro</i> chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model by regulating AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway.","authors":"Rixi Xie, Fang Wang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation, airway obstruction, and lung damage, often triggered by cigarette smoke. Dysregulated autophagy and inflammation are key contributors to its progression. Although double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen homolog 1 (STAU1), a multifunctional protein primarily involved in mRNA transport and localization, is identified as a potential biomarker, its role in COPD pathogenesis remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of STAU1 knockdown on inflammation and autophagy in an <i>in vitro</i> COPD model. We found that STAU1 expression was significantly elevated in the <i>in vitro</i> COPD model. Knockdown of STAU1 led to a marked reduction in inflammation in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced non-tumorigenic human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Additionally, STAU1 knockdown suppressed autophagy in CSE-induced BEAS-2B cells. Mechanistically, it inhibited the activation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) pathway. In summary, STAU1 knockdown inhibits inflammation and autophagy by modulating the AMPK/mTOR axis. Targeting STAU1 could provide new avenues for the treatment of COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of 1 mcg/mL as the starting dose in cluster protocol for hymenoptera immunotherapy.","authors":"Mohammad Hassan Bemanian, Saba Arshi, Mohammad Nabavi, Morteza Fallahpour, Sima Shokri, Niusha Sharifinejad, Sima Bahrami","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hymenoptera venom allergy is a potentially severe allergic reaction in the general population. The only preventative approach in these cases is venom immunotherapy (VIT), which follows different protocols. The recommended initial dose is 0.001-0.1 mcg of venom extract. However, few reports have declared the safety of 1 mcg venom as the starting dose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted on Iranian patients with a history of anaphylaxis to venom. Skin tests confirmed hypersensitivity to honeybee, yellow jacket, and/or paper wasp from subfamily Polistes using <i>Apis melifera, Vespula spp</i>, and <i>Polistes spp</i> venom extracts, respectively. Subsequently, the patients were treated with the cluster protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two patients (17 males and 5 females, aged 28.3±11.8 years) were enrolled in the study. Skin prick tests and intradermal tests showed positive results for yellow jacket in 17 (77.3%) and 21 (95.4%) patients, honeybee in 14 (63.6%) and 17 (77.3%) patients, and wasp in 14 (63.6%) and 17 (77.3%) patients, respectively. Upon administering the initial dose of 1 mcg/mL, 40.9% (9 cases) of patients presented mild local reactions, including 7 with yellow jacket allergy, 5 with honeybee allergy, and 3 with wasp allergy. One patient with yellow jacket allergy had a mild systemic reaction. Patients with a positive skin test for wasp had significantly lower rate of reactions after the first dose of venom (p=0.026). Throughout the entire build-up phase, more than 90% (20 of 22) of patients experienced mild local reactions, followed by large local reactions (3 cases, 13.6%), mild systemic reactions (1 case at 1 mcg/mL dose), and moderate-to-severe systemic reactions (3 cases, 13.6%). Large local and moderate-to-severe systemic reactions were detected after injecting 50 mcg (each one case) and 100 mcg (each 2 cases) of venom extracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study recommends 1 mcg/mL of the venom extract as a safe starting dose for VIT. This accelerated protocol could successfully reduce the time and costs of therapy for patients undergoing out-patient cluster VIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of formula type on the prognosis of allergic proctocolitis due to cow's milk allergy.","authors":"Mehmet Halil Çeliksoy, Sezin Naiboglu, Erdem Topal, Şefika İlknur Kökçü Karadağ, Ercan Yılmaz, Hamit Bologur","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis is a nonimmunoglobulin E-mediated, self-limited food allergy of the rectum and the colon. Cow's milk protein is the most common allergen responsible for the disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the roles of different types of formulas in building early tolerance to food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis in infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of 45 pediatric patients diagnosed with proctocolitis due to cow's milk allergy between August 2021 and August 2023 and whose disease progression was followed in three tertiary care centers were reviewed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 45 patients who were diagnosed with proctocolitis due to cow's milk allergy (24 males, 21 females; median age: 4 months). Among them, 24 patients were fed an amino acid-based formula, and 21 (46.7%) patients were fed an extensively hydrolyzed formula. The average age of acquisition of cow's milk tolerance was lower in the group fed with the amino acid-based formula than in the group fed with extensively hydrolyzed formula (P = 0.038). Furthermore, the group fed with amino acid-based formula had a shorter tolerance period than the group fed with the extensively hydrolyzed formula group (P = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to an extensively hydrolyzed formula, an amino acid-based formula led to the early development of tolerance in children with allergic proctocolitis induced by cow's milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"126-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the correct use of intranasal aerosols and symptom improvement in allergic rhinitis.","authors":"Gabriela Galindo Rodríguez, Karen Patricia Chávez Jiménez, Sandra Nora González Díaz, Carlos Macouzet Sánchez, Cindy Elizabeth de Lira Quezada","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is highly prevalent worldwide. Good patient adherence ensures successful treatment. This study aimed to identify the association between the intranasal aerosol technique and symptom improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an analytical, prospective, and longitudinal study that included 36 patients diagnosed with AR. The Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT) questionnaire was administered to both an experimental population and a control group. The 11 steps of the intranasal aerosol technique were explained to the experimental group, and performance was graded using a pamphlet for patient follow-up in subsequent controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the participants, 63.9% were women and 36.1% were men, with a median age of 30 years (IQR 24-42) and an age range from 18 to 69 years. An average RCAT percentage of 55.6% was observed in both groups during the first consultation. On the second visit, a difference in disease control was noted. In the experimental group, 83.3% had controlled symptoms, whereas only 61.1% of the control group did. At the third visit, 76.5% of the experimental group had controlled symptoms, compared to 58.8% of the control group. In the experimental group, 52.9% of patients demonstrated good technique, while only 5.9% in the control group did (p=0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patient education and training, compared to an untrained group, benefit the patient by aiding in the remission of symptoms and improving quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing the degree of control in patients with atopic dermatitis with the atopic dermatitis control tool (ADCT).","authors":"Alejandra Macías Weinmann, Raquel Abigaíl López Henríquez, Sandra Nora González Díaz, Carlos Macouzet Sánchez, Cindy Elizabeth de Lira Quezada","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1197","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease of multifactorial etiology that affects the quality of life of those afflicted.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The degree of control of patients with AD over 12 years of age was determined with the Atopic Dermatitis Control Instrument (ADCT).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study included patients with AD who were evaluated with a self-administered instrument, the ADCT. Pearson's Chi square and Student's <i>t</i>-tests were used for categorical variables. The association between continuous variables was analyzed with the Pearson and Spearman correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 55 patients with AD were included-42 women (76.4%) and 13 men (23.6%). The median age was 24 years (12-63). Regarding the degree of disease control, it was adequate in 23 (41.8%) patients and inadequate in 32 (58.2%). The patient's sex, age, work activity, residence, and level of education were not statistically significant factors for the degree of control. The most prevalent comorbidity was allergic rhinitis with a higher percentage in those with adequate control (p = 0.049). Treatment with corticosteroids was associated with good disease control (p <0.001). A high positive correlation (r = 0.770, p < 0.001) was found between the SCORAD score and the ADCT score for symptom control. SCORAD and POEM scores showed a direct proportional relationship (r = 0.791; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ADCT allowed us to determine the degree of control of atopic dermatitis and develop treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of self-reported asthma in type 1 diabetes children and its associated predictors.","authors":"Shatha A Alduraywish, Faisal Majed Binnshwan, Rayan Khalid Alhawas, Abdullah Fahad Binjadou, Waleed Khalid Alzamil, Mallek Mohammed Alghamdi, Fahad Abdulaziz Alhumaid, Fahad M Aldakheel, Shabana Tharkar","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is considered one of the most common and serious noncommunicable diseases, with high morbidity and mortality rates in both children and adults.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the frequency and to determine the associated factors of self-reported asthma among children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was employed, and 175 subjects having type 1 diabetes for more than 1 year were included from the pediatrics endocrine clinic. Validated questionnaires from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 175 participants (48% boys, 52% girls) with a mean age of 10.9 ± 3.76 years. The majority were of high socioeconomic status, that is, with a monthly family income >15,000 Saudi Riyal (SR) . Notably, 78 participants (44.6%) were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (2-5 years' duration, and the average age at diagnosis was 7.4 ± 3.27 years). Hospital admissions due to diabetes in the past year were reported in 101 (57.7%) patients. Moreover, 143 (81.7%) participants reported hyperglycemic symptoms, while 125 (71.4%) experienced hypoglycemic symptoms. About 36 (20.6%) participants had self-reported asthma, with wheezing reported in 46 (26.3%) participants. Other sociodemographic and diabetes factors showed no significant associations. The prevalence of self-reported asthma was noted in 36 children with type 1 diabetes (20.6%). The presence of a family history of asthma was the only significant variable associated with self-reported asthma in children with type 1 diabetes (p<0.001). The odds of developing asthma increased by almost 11 times among children with type 1 diabetes who had a positive family history of asthma (p=0.002). Middle-income status also showed increased odds of risk for developing asthma by 4.4 times, but it did not reach the level of statistical significance (p=0.21).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A higher prevalence of self-reported asthma was found among children with type 1 diabetes. Those with a family history of asthma may be considered for screening and educational programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and risk of eczema in early childhood: A cohort study in Japan.","authors":"Noboru Yamashita, Keiko Tanaka, Yoshihiro Miyake","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited evidence on the association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of childhood allergic disorders, with regards to atopic eczema. The current pre-birth cohort study aimed to examine the association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of atopic eczema in Japanese 2-year-olds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 1354 Japanese mother-child pairs. Maternal anemia during pregnancy was determined based on self-reported iron treatment for anemia during pregnancy. Eczema was defined according to the criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Physician-diagnosed atopic eczema was evaluated through a questionnaire completed by the mothers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of maternal anemia during pregnancy was 52.8%. The study found that maternal anemia during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of physician-diagnosed atopic eczema in children; with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.79 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.04-3.17. However, there was no observed association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of eczema as defined by the ISAAC criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the study relied on self-reported information, it suggested a potential positive association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of atopic eczema in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"106-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SLC27A3 downregulation restores Th17/Treg balance and alleviates COPD via JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibition.","authors":"Xiaoping Li, Ji Liu, Zehui Jing, Shuxia Li","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main goal of this investigation is to find out how solute carrier family 27 member 3 (SLC27A3) is expressed in the lung tissue of mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and how it relates to lung function. A model of COPD was established by exposing organisms to cigarette smoke, followed by investigating the role of SLC27A3 in COPD through experiments conducted both in living organisms and in laboratory settings. Knockout mice lacking SLC27A3 were produced through siRNA transfection to investigate lung function and inflammatory response, using methods such as hematoxylin-eosin staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting was carried out to analyze the expression of SLC27A3. Naïve CD4+ T-cells were stimulated with anti-CD3, anti-CD28, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and/or interleukin (IL)-6, and their differentiation into Th17 or Treg cells was promoted, as assessed by flow cytometry. The pathway expression of JAK2/STAT3 was detected using Western blotting. Mice with COPD that had higher expression levels of SLC27A3 in their lung tissue display abnormalities in lung architecture and function, as well as an imbalance between Th17 and Tregs and an elevated inflammatory response. In COPD mice with SLC27A3 knockdown, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was repressed, lung inflammation was decreased, Th17/Treg balance was improved, and lung functioning was improved. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that downregulating SLC27A3 has the potential to attenuate the inflammatory response, mitigate COPD progression, and rebalance the Th17/Treg ratio by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These results lay a foundation for utilizing SLC27A3 as a potential therapeutic target to modulate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway for the treatment of COPD, with the aim of enhancing lung function, reducing inflammation, and restoring Th17/Treg equilibrium in a clinical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acanthoside B attenuates NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and ulcerative colitis through inhibition of tAGE/RAGE pathway.","authors":"Xiaobo He, Chunfang Zhou, Rui Shang, Xiaoyan Wang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1224","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acanthoside B (Aca.B), a principal bioactive compound extracted from <i>Pogostemon cablin</i>, exhibits superior anti-inflammatory capacity. Ulcerative colitis is a nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease with unknown etiology. The potential of Aca.B as a therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis is also unknown and remains an area for future investigation. In this study, we established both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models to investigate ulcerative colitis, utilizing Llipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated MODE-K cells and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, respectively. The progression of ulcerative colitis was evaluated through histologic analysis, body weight monitoring, and assessment of disease activity index assessment. Furthermore, the effects on pyroptosis were detected through immunoblot analysis. We found that Aca.B treatment significantly ameliorated LPS-induced injury in MODE-K cells, as evidenced by increased cell viability and inhibition of inflammatory response. Moreover, the Aca.B treatment attenuated pyroptosis-specific protein expression, caspase-1 activation, and inflammatory cytokine secretion. In the animal study, Aca.B administration improved bowel symptoms in DSS-induced colitis mice model. This was accompanied by reductionsreduced inweight, colon shortening, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cell pyroptosis <i>in vivo</i>. Furthermore, Aca.B diminished the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE), resulting in a decrease in the expression of the receptor of AGE (RAGE) and downstream phosphorylated P65 expression. e.The inhibition of the inflammatory response and pyroptosis by Aca.B depends on suppressing the AGE/RAGE pathway. This study confirms the effects of Aca.B on pyroptosis and ulcerative colitis, providing a fundamental evidence for translating Aca.B into clinical applications as an anti-inflammatory medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"112-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaphylaxis in pediatric patients: single-center study in a private hospital.","authors":"Fabiana Andrade Nunes Oliveira, Fátima Rodrigues Fernandes, Dirceu Solé, Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to characterize the profile of probable anaphylaxis cases treated at a private pediatric hospital emergency department in São Paulo. It investigated triggering factors, the presence of cofactors, treatments administered, and follow-up for these cases through interviews with the patients' families. A single-center cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of children and adolescents treated between 2016 and 2020. Allergist physicians evaluated cases with symptoms consistent with anaphylaxis to identify probable cases, and the parents or legal guardians of these cases were interviewed to gather detailed information about the episodes. A total of 69 probable cases of anaphylaxis (PCA) were identified among 460,434 visits. Of the 51 PCAs evaluated, most presented with cutaneous and respiratory symptoms, with a male predominance (63%), and 27% were under 2 years old. Foods, particularly nuts and peanuts, were the primary triggers. Nearly one-third of the patients did not undergo investigation following the episode, and intramuscular adrenaline (37%) and auto-injectable adrenaline (4%) were underutilized as treatments. Eight cases exhibited recurrence of symptoms after initial improvement, suggesting a potential biphasic reaction. In conclusion, this study revealed that the majority of PCAs occurred in male children, with nuts and peanuts as the main triggers. The management of PCAs was suboptimal, characterized by the underutilization of intramuscular adrenaline as the first-line treatment and low rates of auto-injectable adrenaline prescriptions during follow-up. Increasing awareness and education about anaphylaxis in children, along with emphasizing the importance of proper treatment, are crucial to reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}