Allergologia et immunopathologia最新文献

{"title":"Antioxidant defense of children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis: Association with disease severity.","authors":"Roseani da Silva Andrade, Fabíola Isabel Suano de Souza, Carolina Sanchez Aranda, Marcia Carvalho Mallozi, Ariel Cordeiro Ferreira, Talita Lemos Neves Barreto, Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca, Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni, Dirceu Solé","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.933","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing, chronic cutaneous inflammatory disease with onset, in general, in early childhood. Chronic skin inflammation is associated with overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defense, results in tissue inflammation due to the upregulation of genes that encode inflammatory cytokines. This condition plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the antioxidant defense in children and adolescents with AD with that of healthy individuals and to verify the association of antioxidant defense with disease severity and nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study that evaluated 48 children and adolescents with AD and 25 controls for nutritional assessment (body mass index z score [BMIZ] and height for age z score [HAZ]) and levels of vitamins A, C, E, and D, zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx]), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 33 (IL-33).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in the comparison between AD and control groups for serum levels of vitamins (A, D, C, and E), copper, and antioxidant enzymes. Serum zinc levels were higher in the AD group (β = 24.20; 95% CI 13.95-34.91; P < 0.001) even after adjusting the BMIZ, HAZ, gender, IL-33, and CRP. Children and adolescents with moderate or severe AD compared to mild AD (SCORAD - 36.7±17.4 vs 11.8 ± 3.9; P < 0.001) had lower values of the vitamin E/total lipid ratio (3.68 [0.29;12.63] vs 5.92 [3.27;17.37]; P = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children and adolescents with AD had higher concentrations OF elevated levels of zinc compared to controls, a fact not observed for other biomarkers of antioxidant defense. AD in moderate or severe forms presented lower concentrations of vitamin E, a potent antioxidant fat soluble.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139376982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological involvement in patients with primary immunodeficiency.","authors":"Hulya Kose, Zuhal Karali, Muhittin Bodur, Sukru Cekic, Sara Sebnem Kilic","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.961","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) are defined by recurrent infections, allergies, autoimmunity, and malignancies. Neurologic symptoms are one of the major components of some immunodeficiency syndromes, such as Ataxia-Telangiectasia (AT), Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), and Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency, which are considered as the primary involvement. Various pathological mechanisms, DNA repair disorders, metabolic abnormalities, and autoimmune phenomena have also been linked with neurological conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>We retrospectively assessed the neurological involvement in 108 patients out of 6000 with PID in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The female/male ratio of the cases was 49/59, and the median age was 13 years (min = 1; max = 60). Neurological problems were detected at a median age of 7 years (min = 0.5; max = 30). Di George Syndrome (DGS) and CVID (common variable immunodeficiency) were the most common diseases in our cohort (n = 31, 30% and n = 30, 27%, respectively). The most frequent outcomes were cognitive delay (n = 63, 58%), epilepsy (n = 25, 23%), and ataxia (n = 20, 18%). Central nervous system involvement was found in 99% of the patients (n = 107), and peripheral nervous system complication was found in only one patient with CVID and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CDIP). Cranial MRI was found to be abnormal in 74% (n = 80) of the patients. MRI findings included cerebellar atrophy (n = 33, 34%), white matter lesion (n = 27, 28.4%), cerebral atrophy (n = 21, 22.3%), gray matter lesion (n = 6, 6.3%), hydrocephalus (n = 5, 5,3%), and pituitary gland lesion (n = 3, 3.2%), intracranial hemorrhage (n = 3, 3%), intracranial vasculitis (n = 3, 2.7%), and arterio-venous malformation (n = 1, 0,9%). Primary involvement (a component of the disease) was 60% (n = 65), and secondary (infection or autoimmunity) and tertiary involvements (structural or incidental lesions) contributed 20% (n = 20) each in the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we describe the various neurologic findings of patients with PID. The neurologic presentation may represent the initial manifestation of certain types of PID. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent or reduce further neurologic damages.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the effect and mechanism of CD147 on melanoma stem cells.","authors":"Yuan Jiang, Renyi Liang, Liqun Li, Jian Guan","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.1018","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.1018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. Melanoma stem cells (MSCs) are one of the driving forces of melanoma invasion and metastasis. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the mechanisms that maintain the stemness of MSCs. In this study, CD147-positive (CD147+) MSCs derived from A375 cell line were characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Side population (SP) and non-SP cells were sorted from A375 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were conducted to determine the expression of CD147 in SP and non-SP cells. Subsequently, CD147+ and CD147-negative (CD147-) cells were isolated from SP cells. Stem cell characteristics and metastatic potential of CD147+/- antigen-presenting cells were identified by sphere-forming, wound-healing, and transwell assays. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the protein levels of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1) and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch1) signaling pathway. Xenograft tumor experiments were conducted to investigate the tumorigenic capacity of CD147+ cells <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CD147 was highly expressed in SP cells of A375 cell line. CD147+ cells have stronger abilities for sphere forming, migration, and invasion <i>in vitro</i>. The protein levels of TGFβ1, notch1, jagged1, and Hes1 were higher in CD147+ cells than in CD147- cells. Moreover, the CD147+ cells showed stronger tumorigenic and metastatic potential <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SP cells of A375 cell line expressed high levels of CD147, and CD147+ SP cells possessed much stronger stem-like characteristics and motility, which is linked to the activation of TGFβ and notch pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol modulates the Nrf2/NF-κB pathway and inhibits TSLP-mediated atopic march.","authors":"Quan He, Weihua Liu, Zi Chen, Guangfei Wei, Jingxian Jiang, Liuchao Zhang, Linfu Zhou","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.963","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resveratrol has been found to have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. The effects of resveratrol on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)-mediated atopic march remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the potential role of resveratrol in TSLP-mediated atopic march.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The atopic march mouse model was established by topical application of MC903 (a vitamin D3 analog). Following the treatment with resveratrol, airway resistance in mice was discovered by pulmonary function apparatus, and the number of total cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was counted. The histopathological features of pulmonary and ear skin tissues, inflammation, and cell infiltration were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The <i>messenger RNA</i> (mRNA) levels of TSLP, immunoglobulin E, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling-associated molecules (p-p65, p65, p-I kappa B kinase alpha (IκBα), IκBα, Nrf2, and TSLP) in lung and ear skin tissues were assessed by Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resveratrol attenuated airway resistance and infiltration of total cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils in both lung and ear skin tissues. Resveratrol ameliorates serum inflammatory markers in allergic mice. Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB pathway-related proteins were significantly reduced by administration of resveratrol in allergic lung and ear skin tissues. Similarly, the protein expression of TSLP in both lung and ear skin tissues was reduced by resveratrol, and Nrf2, a protector molecule, was increased with resveratrol treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Resveratrol attenuates TSLP-reduced atopic march through ameliorating inflammation and cell infiltration in pulmonary and ear skin tissues by inhibiting the abnormal activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The frequency of sleep-disordered breathing in preschool children with asthma and its effects on control of asthma.","authors":"Murat Capanoglu, Tayfur Ginis, Betul Buyuktiryaki, Hakan Guvenir, Emine Vezir, Emine Dibek Misirlioglu, Muge Toyran, Refika Ersu, Can Naci Kocabas, Ersoy Civelek","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.804","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The frequency and score of SDB were higher in patients with uncontrolled asthma. Frequency and score of SDB were significantly affected by the severity of asthma. SDB must be evaluated in preschool children with uncontrolled asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is more common in asthmatic patients than in non-asthmatic persons, and SDB affects negatively to control asthma. A limited number of studies are discovered on the effect of SDB in preschool asthmatic children. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of SDB and its effect on control and severity of asthma in preschool children. A pediatric sleep questionnaire was completed by parents of asthmatic children. Patients who received a score of 0.33 or higher were diagnosed with SDB. Control and severity of asthma was assessed by a pediatric allergy specialist based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) criteria. The study included 249 patients, with a mean±SD age of 4.37±1.04 (range: 2-5.9) years; 69% were boys; 56.6% children had uncontrolled asthma and 28.7% had SDB. The SDB score was significantly different between controlled and uncontrolled asthma (0.19 vs 0.28; P < 0.001). The frequency of uncontrolled asthma in patients with and without SDB was 74.3% and 49.4%, respectively (P < 0.010). Based on the severity of asthma, the frequency of SDB among patients with mild, moderate, and severe asthma was 23.4%, 35.2%, and 47.4%, respectively (P = 0.010).</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymus vulgaris ameliorates cough in children with asthma exacerbation: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Elnaz Eskandarpour, Adel Ahadi, Arezoo Moini Jazani, Ramin Nasimi Doost Azgomi, Rasol Molatefi","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.964","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases with inflammatory involvement and has a high burden worldwide. This study aimed to determine the effect of <i>Thymus vulgaris</i> (TV) on cough in children between 5 and 12 years old with mild to moderate asthma exacerbation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized, triple-blind clinical trial, 60 children between the ages of 5 and 12 with asthma exacerbations were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group (n = 30) was given TV powder at a dose of 20 mg/kg every 8 hours, prepared as syrup, along with routine medical treatment for a week, and the control group (n = 30) received only routine medical treatment with placebo syrup. At the end of the week, clinical and laboratory symptoms, and spirometry data were re-recorded for both groups. Finally, the recorded factors were compared and statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that after the intervention, activity-induced cough reduced, and difference was statistically significant between the two groups (p = 0.042), but the reduction in wheezing and breathlessness had no statistically significant difference. Spirometry data showed a significant difference in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) between the two groups after intervention (p = 0.048), but this difference was not significant in FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of the vital capacity (FEF25-75%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results show that TV syrup may be useful as an adjuvant treatment in children with asthma exacerbations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toll-like receptors and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>: An updated review article.","authors":"Fatima Zuhair Muhammad Al-Alawi, Ashraf Kariminik, Elaheh Tajbakhsh","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.935","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been reported that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the main innate immune receptors that recognize gram-positive pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The molecules can induce expression of the innate immune-related molecules that are essential against the bacteria. <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>) is a potential caries-associated pathogen, and innate immunity plays a key role in inhibiting its development and the progression of inflammatory responses. Recently, the roles played by TLRs against <i>S. mutans</i> and the induction of inflammatory responses were evaluated by several investigations. This review article discusses updated information regarding the roles played by TLRs and their potential therapeutic effects against <i>S. mutans</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mexican consensus on cow's milk protein allergy.","authors":"Ramírez Mayans Jaime Alfonso, Ignorosa Arellano Karen Rubí, Toro Monjaraz Erick Manuel, Cervantes Bustamante Roberto, Ruiz Castillo Marlene Alejandra, Medina Vera Isabel de Jesús, Ayala Germán Ana Gabriela, Bacarreza Nogales Dante Vladimir, Casas Guzik Lucía, Chávez Barrera José Antonio, Díaz Madero Sergio, Flores Fong Laura Esther, Galaz Pantoja Méndez Manuel Enrique, Gris Calvo Judith Ileana, Huerta Hernández Rosa Elena, Limón Rojas Ana Elena, Macías Avilés Héctor, Méndez Nieto Carlos, Ortega Martell José Antonio, Oyervides García Carlos Iván, Peña Vélez Rubén, Reynés Manzur José Nicolás, Saez de Ocariz Gutiérrez María Del Mar, Sagols Méndez Gerardo, Uriquidi Rivera Martha Eugenia, Worona Dibner Liliana, Wakida Kusunoki Guillermo Hideo, Vandenplas Yvan","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.958","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study is to present the current views of a diverse group of experts on the diagnosis and treatment of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) in children under 2 years of age in Mexico.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study, led by a scientific committee of five experts in CMPA, was divided into six phases, including a modified Delphi process. A total of 20 panelists, all of whom were pediatric specialists, participated in administering a comprehensive 38-item questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into two blocks: Diagnosis and Treatment (20 items each).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consensus was reached on all the proposed items, with an agreement rate of over 70% for each of them. As a result, a diagnostic and treatment algorithm was developed that emphasized the reduction of unnecessary diagnostic studies and encouraged breastfeeding whenever possible. In cases where breast milk is not available, appropriate use of hypoallergenic formulas was recommended. In addition, recommendations on treatment duration and gradual reintroduction of cow's milk protein were provided.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The recommendations endorsed by 20 Mexican pediatricians through this study are applicable to everyday clinical practice, thereby enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of children under 2 years of age with CMPA. This, in turn, will foster improved health outcomes and optimize the utilization of healthcare resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"24-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snail-induced anaphylaxis in patients with underlying <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> pollinosis: the role of carbohydrates.","authors":"Manuel Prados-Castaño, Stefan Cimbollek, Borja Bartolomé, Miriam Castillo, Joaquin Quiralte","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.966","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The importance of carbohydrates in anaphylaxis has been described with some foods. The current work intends to obtain clinical and immunological evidence of the importance of the O-glycans for IgE binding activity in anaphylactic reactions due to <i>Helix aspersa</i> (HA) ingestión and <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> (AV) exposition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The studio focused on two cases of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis induced by snail ingestion in patients with underlying rhino-conjunctivitis and asthma due to AV. We performed on both patients: skin prick tests ( SPTs) with HA and AV and with a battery of aeroallergen, controlled nasal challenge and specific IgE to HA and AV, ImmunoCAP ISAC®, and a differential pattern of IgE recognition with SDS-PAGE Immunoblotting (SDSI) when these allergens have suffered an O-deglycosylation procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients showed positive results in SPTs, nasal challenges, and serum-specific IgE against HA and AV. In patient 1, the SDSI detected several IgE-binding proteins in AV with a molecular mass of 22, 24, and 44 kDa, whereas a band of 12 kDa was detected in HA. On the other hand, patient 2's serum revealed an IgE-binding zone between 75 and 20 kDa in the AV and a band of 24 kDa in the HA. When glycans were removed, patient 1's serum only revealed the AV's 22 and 24 kDa bands, whereas patient 2's serum did not detect any IgE-reactive protein in the HA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that O-glycosylation can be relevant in patients with anaphylaxis due to snails and allergy to <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i>. This new entity representing cross-reactivity between AV and HA could be named Snail-Artemisia Syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early presentation of allergic contact dermatitis due to paraphenylenediamine.","authors":"Irene Andrés Alberola, Eva Jiménez Hernández, José F Soltero Carracedo, Alba Macías Panedas, Natalia Martín Iranzo, María Bartolomé Morate, Susana Alberola López, Jesús Rodríguez Calleja","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.899","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i1.899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a more frequent pathology in adults than in children, because, in most cases, allergic sensitization requires a prolonged exposure time to the allergen, mostly months or years. In fact, the actual incidence and prevalence of ACD in children and adolescents is unknown. However, there is a hypothesis that ACD is increasing in the pediatric population. Among the allergens involved in ACD, the frequency of paraphenylenediamine (PPDA) is increasing. PPDA is one of the five most common contact allergens in the general population and one of the 10 most common contact allergens in children. The most relevant sources today are henna tattoos and hair dyes. Currently, European Union legislation limits the use of PPDA in hair dyes and prohibits its use in henna tattoos. Despite this legislation, the use of henna tattoos with PPDA is becoming more frequent in younger ages. We report an early presentation of ACD by PPDA, with a permanent hypopigmented skin area as an aftermath, in a 7-year-old male child. We believe that health authorities should advise against making these tattoos in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 1","pages":"93-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}