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Papillomavirus 乳头瘤病毒
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-02-02 DOI: 10.32388/qeqs0i
{"title":"Papillomavirus","authors":"","doi":"10.32388/qeqs0i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/qeqs0i","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69639815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Recessive resistance to plant viruses by the deficiency of eukaryotic translation initiation factor genes.] 真核翻译起始因子基因缺失对植物病毒的隐性抗性
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.61
Yuji Fujimoto, Masayoshi Hashimoto, Yasuyuki Yamaji
{"title":"[Recessive resistance to plant viruses by the deficiency of eukaryotic translation initiation factor genes.]","authors":"Yuji Fujimoto,&nbsp;Masayoshi Hashimoto,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Yamaji","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant viruses, obligate parasitic pathogens, utilize a variety of host plant factors in the process of their infection due to the limited number of genes encoded in their own genomes. The genes encoding these host factors are called susceptibility genes because they are responsible for the susceptibility of plants to viruses. Plants lacking or having mutations in a susceptibility gene essential for the infection of a virus acquire resistance to the virus. Such resistance trait is called recessive resistance because of the recessive inherited characteristics. Recessive resistance is reported to account for about half of the plant viral resistance loci mapped in known cultivated crops. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 4E family genes are well-known susceptibility genes. Although there are many reports about eIF4E-mediated recessive resistance to plant viruses, the mechanistic insight of the resistance is still limited. Here we review focusing on studies that have elucidated the mechanism of eIF4E-mediated recessive resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 1","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38883717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
[Synthetic Biology × Bacteriophage]. 合成生物学×噬菌体。
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.57
Hiroki Ando
{"title":"[Synthetic Biology × Bacteriophage].","authors":"Hiroki Ando","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 1","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38883722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Basic information of Coronavirus]. 【冠状病毒基本信息】。
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.29
Wataru Kamitani
{"title":"[Basic information of Coronavirus].","authors":"Wataru Kamitani","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronaviruses are pathogens that infect many of animals, resulting in respiratory or enteric diseases. Coronaviruses constitute Nidovirales together with Arteriviridae. Most of human coronaviruses are known to cause mild illness and common cold. However, an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in 2002, ten years after SARS epidemic Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) emerged in 2012. Now, we face on a novel coronavirus which emerges in end of 2019. This novel coronavirus is named as SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 is spread to worldwide within one to two months and causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respiratory illness. Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses possessing a positive-sense and large single stranded RNA genomes. The 5' two-thirds of the CoV genome consists of two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs 1a and 1b) that encode non-structural proteins (nsps). The other one-third of the genome consists of ORFs encoding structural proteins, including spike (S), membrane (M), envelope (E) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins, and accessory proteins. Upon infection of CoV into host cells, the translation of two precursor polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, occurs and these polyproteins are cleaved into 16 nsps by viral proteases. Structural proteins assemble to the vesicles located from ER to Golgi (ER Golgiintermediate compartment) and virions bud into the vesicles. Virions are released from infectedcells via exocytosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38964408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses)]. 节肢动物传播的病毒(虫媒病毒)。
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.3
Yasuko Orba, Hirofumi Sawa, Keita Matsuno
{"title":"[Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses)].","authors":"Yasuko Orba,&nbsp;Hirofumi Sawa,&nbsp;Keita Matsuno","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Arbovirus\" is a term for a virus transmitted to mammals by hematophagous arthropods; arboviruses; replicate in both mammals and arthropods. Since the life cycle of arboviruses is highly dependent on arthropods, control of the arthropods (vectors) is generally considered important for the control of arbovirus infection. Various pathogens that cause diseases in the medical and veterinary fields are grouped into arboviruses with a history of their discoveries since the early 20th century. Furthermore, because of recent advances in sequencing technology, new arboviruses have been discovered one after another. Here we would like to overview the known arboviruses and their infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38964409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
[Hepatitis C virus research so far and in the future]. [到目前为止和未来的丙型肝炎病毒研究]。
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.129
Koichi Watashi
{"title":"[Hepatitis C virus research so far and in the future].","authors":"Koichi Watashi","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three researchers who contributed to the development of the disease concept ''non-A, non-B hepatitis'' and the isolation of its causative agent, hepatitis C virus (HCV). Technologies and experimental systems to analyze HCV have been greatly improved for these three decades, and the antiviral treatments against HCV have been developed. This review summarizes the effort to elucidate the HCV biology so far and the remaining subject to be solved in the future. I also introduce the studies to identify bioactive natural products by taking advantage of the HCV infection cell culture system.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 2","pages":"129-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39433991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[SARS-CoV-2 genomics and its application to genome surveillance]. [SARS-CoV-2基因组学及其在基因组监测中的应用]
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.147
Makoto Kuroda
{"title":"[SARS-CoV-2 genomics and its application to genome surveillance].","authors":"Makoto Kuroda","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 2","pages":"147-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39433993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Hantavirus infection as a risk for chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka]. [汉坦病毒感染是斯里兰卡病因不明的慢性肾脏疾病(CKDu)的风险之一]。
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.175
Kumiko Yoshimatsu
{"title":"[Hantavirus infection as a risk for chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka].","authors":"Kumiko Yoshimatsu","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has emerged in endemic areas of Sri Lanka since the 1990s. The disease is a chronic but fatal disease. Until now, heavy metals and agrochemicals have been suspected as the cause of CKDu, but it has been still unknown. Recently, we have found a high seroprevalence to hantavirus in CKDu patients and reported that hantavirus infection is a risk of CKDu. Hantaviruses are rodent-borne zoonotic viruses. Here, I would like to introduce a story of the research from sero-epidemiology to the search for host animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 2","pages":"175-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39433996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Virus-host coevolution: Endogenous RNA viral elements as pseudogenes]. [病毒-宿主共同进化:内源性RNA病毒元件作为假基因]。
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.49
Keizo Tomonaga
{"title":"[Virus-host coevolution: Endogenous RNA viral elements as pseudogenes].","authors":"Keizo Tomonaga","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA viruses do not need to take the form of DNAs, and RNAs alone complete their replication cycles. On the other hand, since the 1970s, it has been known that DNA fragments derived from RNA viruses can be detected in RNA virus-infected cells. Furthermore, in this decade, it has become clear that the eukaryotic genomes contain genetic sequences derived from non-retroviral RNA viruses. The DNA sequences derived from these RNA viruses are thought to be generatedby using a transposable mechanism of retrotransposon, such as LINE-1. Many endogenous RNA viral sequences are formed by the same mechanism as processed pseudogenes in eukaryotic cells, but the significance of the production of RNA viral \"pseudogenes \" in infected cells has not been elucidated. We have discovered endogenous bornavirus-like elements (EBLs), which derived from a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus, Bornaviruses, and have studied the evolution and function of EBLs in host animals. The analysis of EBLs provides us a clue to unravel the history of host-RNA virus coexistence. In this review, I overview about the function of endogenous RNA virus sequences, especially EBLs in mammalian genomes, and discuss the significance of endogenization of RNA viruses as viral pseudogenes in evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38883716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Massive nucleotide sequence data analysis reveals the nature of viruses]. [大量核苷酸序列数据分析揭示了病毒的本质]。
Uirusu Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.45
So Nakagawa
{"title":"[Massive nucleotide sequence data analysis reveals the nature of viruses].","authors":"So Nakagawa","doi":"10.2222/jsv.70.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.70.45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"70 1","pages":"45-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38883719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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