Uirusu最新文献 - Book学术

[Development and Implementation of HPV Vaccination]. [发展和实施HPV疫苗接种]。

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.9

Nagayasu Egawa

引用次数: 0

[SCARB2, one of the receptors for enterovirus A71, is not expressed on the cell surface.]

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.153

Yorihiro Nishimura

引用次数: 0

[Elucidation of the molecular basis of negative-strand RNA virus genome replication]. [负链RNA病毒基因组复制分子基础的阐明]。

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.67

Yusuke Matsumoto

{"title":"[Elucidation of the molecular basis of negative-strand RNA virus genome replication].","authors":"Yusuke Matsumoto","doi":"10.2222/jsv.74.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.74.67","url":null,"abstract":"The negative-strand RNA viruses are a group that includes many important pathogens. They share the common mechanism of genome replication and mRNA transcription. The viruses possess multifunctional RNA-dependent RNA polymerase that is responsible for all RNA synthesis activity, and the genome RNA is entirely covered with viral nucleoprotein. We aimed to understand these viruses in general by identifying the similarities and differences among each virus group. The viruses belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae in the order Mononegavirales is known to follow the \"Rule of Six\", which states that the number of nucleotides in the genome must be a multiple of six to be replicated. We have succeeded in generating a paramyxovirus that does not follow the Rule of Six and challenged to elucidate the significance of the Rule of Six using this recombinant virus. We also performed functional analysis of the promoter structure at the end of the genome of the viruses belonging to the order Bunyavirales and revealed unique features of RNA synthesis that differ from other segmented RNA viruses in the family Nairoviridae. Furthermore, we elucidated the unique mechanism of the Borna disease virus to establish persistent infection in the nucleus that is an exceptional property among RNA viruses.","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"74 1","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[HPV vaccinations and cervical cancer in Japan: Flaws in alleged experimental evidence for molecular mimicry and animal models of HPV vaccine-induced "adverse reactions "]. [日本的HPV疫苗接种和宫颈癌：HPV疫苗诱导的“不良反应”的分子模拟和动物模型的所谓实验证据的缺陷]。

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.17

Reona Shiro, Ikuo Tsunoda

{"title":"[HPV vaccinations and cervical cancer in Japan: Flaws in alleged experimental evidence for molecular mimicry and animal models of HPV vaccine-induced \"adverse reactions \"].","authors":"Reona Shiro, Ikuo Tsunoda","doi":"10.2222/jsv.74.17","DOIUrl":"10.2222/jsv.74.17","url":null,"abstract":"In Japan, around 3,000 females have died of cervical cancer annually. Cervical cancer is caused by sexually transmitted infections of the human papillomavirus (HPV); it is preventable by vaccinations against oncogenic HPV types, such as types 16 and 18. In Japan, the proactive recommendations for HPV vaccinations were suspended in June 2013 due to public concerns about neuropsychological \"diverse symptoms\" following HPV vaccinations. The suspension resulted in the vaccination rate less than 1% among the eligible population. In April 2022, the Japanese government resumed the proactive HPV vaccination recommendations after 9 years of the suspension. Many Japanese people, however, still have concerns about the \"diverse symptoms\" as adverse reactions following HPV vaccinations. In this article, we critically evaluated the manuscripts cited in the HPV vaccine lawsuits in Japan, including computational and animal studies, which have been used as the theoretical basis for how HPV vaccinations could induce the \"diverse symptoms.\" We concluded that all the manuscripts had scientific flaws, which should not be used to prove that HPV vaccinations could induce the adverse reactions. We wish that our current evaluation would contribute to eliminating baseless concerns about HPV vaccines, eventually increasing the rate of HPV vaccinations in Japan.","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"74 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 variants using mini-gut organoids]. [使用微型肠道类器官表征SARS-CoV-2变体]。

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.45

Kei Miyakawa

引用次数: 0

[National BioResource Project (NBRP), Human Pathogenic Viruses].

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.149

Takaaki Kinoshita, Keita Matsuno, Takeshi Kobayashi, Akihisa Kato, Yasushi Kawaguchi, Jiro Yasuda

引用次数: 0

[JSV Virus Nomenclature Working Group Report 2024: Backgrounds, Tasks and Roles.]

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.141

Nobuhiro Suzuki, Yasumasa Iwatani, Keita Matsuno, Hidekazu Nishimura, Tokiko Watanabe, Masao Yamada

{"title":"[JSV Virus Nomenclature Working Group Report 2024: Backgrounds, Tasks and Roles.]","authors":"Nobuhiro Suzuki, Yasumasa Iwatani, Keita Matsuno, Hidekazu Nishimura, Tokiko Watanabe, Masao Yamada","doi":"10.2222/jsv.74.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.74.141","url":null,"abstract":"The virus nomenclature working group (VNWG) was launched to officially fix Japanese names of important viruses under the Japanese Society for Virology (JSV) in 2022. VNWG first determined the priority viruses for the society and called opinions from many experts and relevant scientific societies. Its finalized list, now publicized in the JSV official web page <http://jsv.umin.jp/news/news241125.html >, includes plant viruses ⁄viroids occurring⁄occurred in Japan, algal and fungal viruses associated with Japan, pathogenic human and animal viruses. In principle, a sole Japanese name was assigned to each of these viruses, and shown under the corresponding taxonomical species in the Virus Metadata Resources (VMR_MSL39_v1) issued by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). In this article, we also touched three marked modifications in recent virus taxonomy of the ICTV: 1) adoption of a binominal system into the virus species names, 2) development of higher ranks, such as realm and kingdom, of virus taxa, and 3) approval of virus species based only upon coding-complete genomic sequences without any biological data. Also introduced in this article are what background was behind the launching of VNWG, what VNWG discussed and what issues VNWG recognized. We hope that our attempts and efforts contribute to establish the \"grammar of virology\": virus nomenclature and taxonomy in Japanese communication.","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"74 2","pages":"141-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Current situations and future issues surrounding rabies in Japan and other countries]. [日本和其他国家狂犬病的现状和未来问题]。

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.1

Naoto Ito, Akira Nishizono

{"title":"[Current situations and future issues surrounding rabies in Japan and other countries].","authors":"Naoto Ito, Akira Nishizono","doi":"10.2222/jsv.74.1","DOIUrl":"10.2222/jsv.74.1","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is a viral infectious disease affecting the central nervous system that is generally transmitted from mammals such as dogs. This disease is characterized by a long incubation period (a few months on average) and a high mortality rate of almost 100%. While there are highly effective rabies vaccines, no reliable treatment has been established to date. In Japan, the disease was successfully eradicated in 1957 as a result of exhaustive control measures including vaccination of dogs in accordance with the Rabies Prevention Law. Since then, Japan has continued to take rabies control measures based on this law, which are stricter than international standards. On the other hand, there have been a total of four imported human rabies cases found in Japan. The fourth imported case confirmed in Toyohashi City in May 2020 is still fresh in our minds. In April 2022, special measures were taken to quarantine dogs brought by evacuees from Ukraine to Japan, and many people expressed concern about the introduction of rabies into Japan. More recently, in February 2024, a dog that bit several people in Gunma Prefecture did not receive the shots required by the Rabies Prevention Law, and there was strong concern about rabies and the risk of its occurrence. In this article, we focus on rabies, which has recently attracted a great deal of attention, and describe the nature of this infectious disease. We also outline the current situations of rabies control and medical care in Japan and other countries and discuss the future issues.","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"74 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Pathogenicity and transmissibility of cow-derived H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses].

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.117

Tadashi Maemura, Yoshihiro Kawaoka

{"title":"[Pathogenicity and transmissibility of cow-derived H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses].","authors":"Tadashi Maemura, Yoshihiro Kawaoka","doi":"10.2222/jsv.74.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.74.117","url":null,"abstract":"The H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of clade 2.3.4.4b emerged in Europe during 2020-2021 and rapidly spread worldwide via migratory birds, causing outbreaks in poultry, wild birds, and wildlife. Sporadic cases of human infection, likely resulting from close contact with infected animals, have been reported. In March 2024, clinical signs (e.g., reduced feed intake, altered milk quality, and decreased milk production) were observed in dairy cattle on a farm in Texas, USA, where H5N1 HPAIV was subsequently isolated. By December 2024, infections had been reported in dairy cattle across 15 states in the USA. Cases of infection have also been documented in cats near affected farms and in humans suspected of exposure through contact with infected cattle or chickens that acquired the virus from cattle. These developments have raised concerns about the potential for further transmission of H5N1 HPAIV to humans. In recent studies, H5N1 HPAIV strains isolated from cattle and humans exhibited high pathogenicity in mice and ferrets. Furthermore, ferret studies showed efficient transmission via respiratory droplets. This unprecedented spread of H5N1 HPAIV among mammals raises concerns about the emergence of a virus capable of efficient human-to-human transmission via respiratory droplets. Continued global surveillance of infection dynamics is essential to mitigate this potential public health threat.","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"74 2","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Control of infectious virus shedding through mucosal antibody response following SARS-CoV-2 infection]. [SARS-CoV-2感染后粘膜抗体反应对传染性病毒脱落的控制]。

Uirusu Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.74.29

Sho Miyamoto, Tadaki Suzuki

引用次数: 0