Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic optimization of carbon dot electronic structure via N, P co-doping for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic performance","authors":"Min Sun,&nbsp;Yihu Zhang,&nbsp;Bin Li,&nbsp;Haiyan Wang,&nbsp;Peng Chen,&nbsp;Zijiong Li","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03131-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03131-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon dots (N/P-CD) were successfully synthesized via a facile and controllable electrochemical exfoliation strategy. In this approach, heteroatom doping is achieved through electrolyte engineering. Compared with conventional high-temperature or multistep synthetic methods, this strategy enables precise regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus incorporation simply by tuning the electrolyte composition, thereby providing an effective platform for the controllable modulation of the electronic structure of carbon dots. The electrocatalytic performance of N/P-CD toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was systematically evaluated in alkaline media. Benefiting from the synergistic effect between nitrogen and phosphorus dopants, the catalyst exhibits significantly enhanced intrinsic activity. Specifically, compared with undoped carbon dots, the onset potential and half-wave potential are positively shifted by 142 mV and 141 mV. Moreover, compared with the singly doped samples (N-CD and P-CD), N/P-CD exhibits a higher onset potential (0.86 V) and half-wave potential (0.76 V), demonstrating electrocatalytic activity comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C electrode. N/P-CD also demonstrated excellent electrochemical stability, as no significant shift in the CV curves was observed after 5,000 cycles, indicating the outstanding stability of the material. This study demonstrates that N/P-CD, as a low-cost and non-precious metal ORR electrocatalyst, shows promising potential in alkaline oxygen reduction systems and can serve as a scalable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional Pt-based catalytic systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 5","pages":"3831 - 3849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of eggshell waste for the treatment of tannery effluents containing the hazardous azo dye acid brown 75: modeling and experimental investigation","authors":"C. Fersi,&nbsp;S. Raissi,&nbsp;F. Fakhfakh,&nbsp;A. Khlifi,&nbsp;M. K. Younes,&nbsp;F. Touati","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03130-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03130-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work explores the valorization of eggshell waste as a sustainable biosorbent (ESBS) for the removal of industrial azo dyes, with a focus on its structural features and adsorption performance. XRD analysis revealed that ESBS has a high level of crystallinity, with calcite (<span>(text{CaCO}_{3})</span>) being the most common mineral characterized by the sharp reflection at 29.67°. EDX analysis showed that Ca, C, and O account for more than 96% of the composition. ATR spectroscopy highlighted the characteristic carbonate vibrations, and SEM micrographs revealed fibrous, porous architecture, providing abundant active sites for adsorption. The point of zero charge (pH_pzc = 7.6) favored the uptake of anionic dye species at the working pH (6.86) through electrostatic attraction. Comparable removal efficiencies were observed when ESBS were evaluated as both powdered and coarse fragments. This demonstrates the intrinsic reactivity of this material without any mechanical processing. The use of larger fragments is advantageous for practical applications, as it simplifies handling and minimizes hydraulic head losses in potential treatment systems. Adsorption and kinetic modeling revealed that the Sips isotherm and n^th order provided the best fit, reflecting heterogeneous adsorption and a passive yet energy-efficient process suitable for large-scale wastewater storage basins. Overall, these findings establish eggshell waste as a low-cost, eco-friendly biosorbent with strong potential for industrial wastewater remediation within the circular economy perspective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3325 - 3350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic co-adsorption of phosphate and ammonium onto a dual-functional biochar composite: kinetics, isotherms, and mechanisms","authors":"Tekuma Abdisa Bakare,&nbsp;Caiqing He,&nbsp;Guangwei Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03135-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03135-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Novel composite adsorbents (C-1:4 and C-2:3) were developed by blending zinc-modified biogas residue biochar (Zn-BRB) and potassium-modified coconut shell biochar (KCBC_0.5) for synergistic co-adsorption of phosphate (PO₄³⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) from simulated wastewater. Co-adsorption batch experiments were conducted for simultaneous PO₄³⁻ and NH₄⁺ removal, including the effects of pH, time, and initial concentrations. Physicochemical characterizations confirmed dual-active sites for capturing both nutrients. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² ≥ 0.977). C-1:4 fit the Langmuir isotherm (Q_m = 18.97 mg/g), indicating homogeneous chemisorption of PO₄³⁻ onto Zn-active sites. C-2:3 fit the Temkin model best, with a Langmuir-derived capacity of 10.23 mg/g, suggesting cation-exchange-driven NH₄⁺ capture. Thermodynamic analysis revealed positive ΔH and ΔS for all systems, indicating endothermic, entropy-driven processes. However, negative ΔG was only observed for PO₄³⁻ onto C-1:4; other combinations showed positive ΔG (288–318 K). Reusability over five cycles confirmed sustained performance with 80% PO₄³⁻ retention for C-1:4 and 60% NH₄⁺ retention for C-2:3, though further optimization of regeneration protocols is needed. In eutrophic lake water, C-1:4 achieves complete PO₄³⁻ removal at higher dosages, while C-2:3 removes &gt; 90% NH₄⁺—consistent with synthetic water. XPS confirmed successful Zn/K doping and revealed adsorption mechanisms: new N 1 s peaks verified NH₄⁺ uptake, while shifts in P 2p and Zn 3 s signals indicated phosphate immobilization. The primary removal mechanisms are electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange, and ion exchange. This work demonstrates that strategic blending of biochar components creates tunable, dual-functional adsorbents, offering a practical strategy for co-adsorption of nutrients from wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 5","pages":"3851 - 3872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of malachite green and Telon red from aqueous solutions using carob-derived activated carbon: kinetic, modeling and mechanism studies","authors":"Lila Bouzina,&nbsp;Salima Merghache,&nbsp;Aouatef Driouch,&nbsp;Fatiha Bessaha,&nbsp;Imene Abdelli,&nbsp;Fodil Aoulmi,&nbsp;Choukri Snouci Bereksi","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03134-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03134-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the valorization of carob pods (<i>Ceratonia siliqua</i> L.) into activated carbon (AC) via chemical activation with H₃PO₄ followed by pyrolysis at 500 °C. The prepared AC was characterized and applied for the removal of malachite green (MG) and Telon red (TR) from aqueous solutions. The results showed a high specific surface area of 1543.54 m² g⁻¹. The effects of adsorbent dose, temperature, pH, initial dye concentration, stirring speed, and ionic strength were systematically evaluated. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 30 mg g⁻¹ for TR and 764.60 mg g⁻¹ for MG, indicating a strong affinity toward the cationic dye. Kinetic studies revealed that the pseudo-second order model best described the adsorption process. Isotherm analysis showed that TR adsorption followed the Temkin model, whereas MG adsorption was best fitted by the Langmuir model. Thermodynamic results confirmed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3459 - 3483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated experimental, thermodynamic and molecular-level investigation of anionic and cationic dye removal by raw Moringa oleifera seed powder: mechanistic and structural insights","authors":"Ahmed Salim,&nbsp;Hassan Nour,&nbsp;El Mehdi El Handaoui,&nbsp;Maha Adel,&nbsp;Abdeslam El Bouari,&nbsp;Youssef Lghazi,&nbsp;Abderrahim Jrifi,&nbsp;Omar Tanane","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03138-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03138-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study examines how well raw Moringa oleifera seeds can perform with regard to their capacity for removing both methyl red (MR) and methylene blue (MB) from water solution at the same time, using a comprehensive combination of experimental and molecular-level methods. In batch adsorption tests both of the dye adsorbents showed that most of the dye was adsorbed into the adsorbent within 20 to 25 min of contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate. The removal efficiencies of both MR and MB were 89.4 and 81.9% when using raw Moringa oleifera seeds. The kinetic data for both the adsorbates followed a pseudo-second order model indicating the use of surface interactions as an important mechanism for adsorption to occur. The equilibrium data for both adsorbates was best represented by the Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherm models, while the mean energy of adsorption calculated using the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model indicate that physisorption was the main type of interaction, since the mean energy value was less than 8 kJ mol⁻¹. The results of the thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption of both adsorbates onto raw Moringa oleifera seeds is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and molecular docking studies indicate that the mechanisms of dye adsorption onto raw Moringa oleifera were attributed to electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. A comparative analysis of the performance of non-modified raw Moringa oleifera seeds with performance data from the literature suggests that RMOSP shows competitive performance characteristics and has the potential to be a low-cost and environmentally friendly solution for biosorption of wastewater effluents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3415 - 3437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isomerization of galactose in arginine solution and effect of ethanol addition","authors":"Neeranuch Milasing,&nbsp;Pramote Khuwijitjaru,&nbsp;Shuji Adachi","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03133-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03133-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kinetics of tagatose formation from galactose in arginine solution at various temperatures and the effect of ethanol concentration on tagatose yield were investigated. A solution containing 5% (w/v) galactose and arginine 0.10 mol/mol-galactose was treated at 90 − 120 °C. Tagatose reached a constant yield of approximately 17% at 90, 35, 15, and 7 min at 90, 100, 110, and 120 °C. The initial rate method showed that tagatose formation greatly increased with temperature. The activation energy from the Arrhenius equation for tagatose formation was 61.5 kJ/mol. Arginine also degraded faster at higher temperatures. In addition, the effect of adding 5 − 40 wt% ethanol to galactose-arginine solution was investigated at 120 °C for 15 min. Increasing ethanol concentration to 10% resulted in a slightly higher tagatose yield of 19% compared to 17.5% without ethanol addition. However, 40 wt% ethanol suppressed the conversion of galactose and significantly lowered the tagatose yield.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3383 - 3395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of synergistic effects on the co-pyrolysis behaviour and product distribution of mixed waste plastics","authors":"Cangang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03128-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03128-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the challenges of efficient, clean processing and resource recovery of waste plastics, this study selected two representative waste polymers-polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-as research subjects. Firstly, thermogravimetric analysis was employed to systematically investigate the pyrolysis behaviour of both single components (PS, PVC) and their mixed component (PS/PVC). Subsequently, comparative experiments and theoretical thermogravimetric curves confirmed the presence of synergistic effects during co-pyrolysis, with an in-depth analysis of their combined impact on pyrolysis behaviour (pyrolysis characteristics, kinetic parameters, thermodynamic parameters) and product distribution. Findings revealed the termination pyrolysis temperature of PS/PVC co-pyrolysis advanced significantly by 8.7℃,the PS/PVC co-pyrolysis process exhibited an overall positive synergistic effect. Kinetic analysis indicated: PS pyrolysis followed the A_3/2 model; PVC pyrolysis comprised two stages, adhering to the A₁ and F₃ models; PS/PVC co-pyrolysis followed the A_3/4 and F₃ models, with the activation energy sequence for pyrolysis being PVC &gt; PS/PVC &gt; PS. Thermodynamic analysis indicates the complexity of these reactions increases in the order PVC &gt; PS/PVC &gt; PS. Furthermore, synergistic effects significantly altered the distribution of pyrolysis products. Specifically, the actual gas yield of PS/PVC (40.3%) increased by 8.0% relative to the theoretical value (37.3%), while the actual oil yield (50.0%) decreased by 7.9% compared to the theoretical value (54.3%).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3307 - 3324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of pre-ignition triggered by the auto-ignition of cylinder oil in marine hydrogen/diesel and natural gas/diesel engines. An application of the Taguchi method","authors":"Duode Qian,&nbsp;Zhen Gong,&nbsp;Yejian Qian","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03132-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03132-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To acquire the chemical occurrence mechanism of pre-ignition in marine natural-gas/diesel &amp; hydrogen/diesel engines, the auto-ignition and chemical reaction kinetic properties of methane/n-hexadecane and hydrogen/n-hexadecane mixtures under wide blending ratios and thermodynamic conditions were illuminated via shock tube system and LLNL C16 reaction mechanism. The findings indicated that replacing methane or hydrogen with micro n-hexadecane dramatically promoted the generation of active free radicals (H, OH) at initial accumulation stage and rapid reaction stage, which shortened the IDT (Ignition Delay Time) under most conditions. The decrease extent of IDT reduced when the n-hexadecane concentration increases. However, in the high-temperature reaction system of hydrogen/n-hexadecane mixture, when excessive n-hexadecane blended, the acceleration amplitude of start-up reaction induced by the increase in n-hexadecane concentration was insufficient to compensate for the inhibition amplitude of rapid reaction induced by the decrease in hydrogen concentration. Thus raising n-hexadecane concentration first shortened the IDT, then prolonged it. Further, raising the <i>ϕ</i> accelerated and suppressed the reaction progress under low and high temperatures. The ranks of contribution rates of various factors on the IDT of methane/n-hexadecane mixture were n-hexadecane content (40.95%) &gt; temperature (20.71%) &gt; pressure (19.94%) &gt; <i>ϕ</i> (18.50%). For hydrogen/n-hexadecane mixture, the influence degrees of four factors were very close. Therefore, at heavy engine operating load, the rich-oil-vapor/lean-natural-gas and lean-oil-vapor/lean-hydrogen zones were the most threatening locations in marine natural-gas/diesel engine and hydrogen/diesel engine. The results revealed the chemical reaction kinetics characteristics of low carbon renewable fuel/long carbon chain n-alkanes mixtures, which were helpful for providing potential suppression methods for the pre-ignition induced by cylinder oil in marine dual-fuel engines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3351 - 3369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TiO2-based photocatalysis under UV irradiation for efficient chemical oxygen demand and mineral ion removal from a synthetic leachate","authors":"Asmae Charki,&nbsp;Najlae Zaki,&nbsp;Nouhaila Hadoudi,&nbsp;Oumaima Fraiha,&nbsp;Mohamed Bahouch,&nbsp;Amin Salhi,&nbsp;Abdellah Elyoussfi,&nbsp;Hassan Amhamdi,&nbsp;Hossain El Ouarghi,&nbsp;M’hamed Ahari","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03139-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03139-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of sustainable landfill leachate management, this study aims to evaluate the efficiency of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the treatment of synthetic leachate, with a particular focus on reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and mineral ions (NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, PO₄³⁻). Two processes were investigated: heterogeneous photocatalysis using titanium dioxide (TiO₂) under different irradiation systems (UV-A and UV-C). Preliminary dark adsorption tests established an equilibrium time of 5–6 h and identified an optimal catalyst dose of 1 g/L. The results also indicated that adsorption efficiency decreased with increasing initial pollutant concentrations. Photocatalytic experiments revealed that heterogeneous photocatalysis under UV-C irradiation (75 W) yielded the highest performance, achieving a COD removal efficiency of 88.3% after 24 h, compared to 79% after 16 h, while the reduction of mineral ions plateaued beyond 16 h. This enhanced performance is attributed to the generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals produced at the surface of UV-C activated TiO₂, capable of degrading persistent organic compounds without forming toxic byproducts. The study highlights the potential of AOPs, particularly TiO₂-based heterogeneous photocatalysis, as an effective, eco-friendly solution for leachate treatment. It also suggests that coupling adsorption with photocatalysis could offer a promising approach for optimizing the decontamination of complex effluents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3397 - 3413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and structural optimization for acrylonitrile aqueous suspension polymerization reactors","authors":"Fangyong Chen,&nbsp;Dong Yuan,&nbsp;Ye Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11144-026-03124-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-026-03124-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and kinetic-based method of moments coupled approach is adopted to simulate the aqueous suspension polymerization process of Acrylonitrile (AN) in a stirred tank reactor. The accuracy of the CFD model for the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymerization reactor was validated by comparing simulation results with actual industrial production data. This revealed the distribution patterns of the velocity field, concentration field, temperature field and polymerization products within the PAN polymerization reactor. The effects of key reactor parameters – namely impeller diameter, bottom impeller clearance (height above the vessel base), and inter-impeller spacing – on the component concentration distribution inside the reactor and the polydispersity index (PDI) of the polymerization product were investigated. The simulation results identified optimized value ranges for the main structural parameters of the stirred tank. This work could offer valuable insights and a reference for the intensification of the industrial polymerization process and the design of such reactors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":"139 4","pages":"3287 - 3306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}