{"title":"Error estimation for non-linear singularly perturbed reaction–diffusion parabolic problems via element-free Galerkin method","authors":"Jagbir Kaur, Vivek Sangwan, Rahul Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02630-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02630-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study aims to develop an error analysis for non-linear parabolic singularly perturbed reaction–diffusion problems using element-free Galerkin method. A robust numerical methodology is introduced based on combining the implicit Crank–Nicolson scheme for temporal derivatives and the element-free Galerkin (EFG) method for spatial derivatives. The moving least-squares (MLS) approximation has been employed to generate the shape functions. Essential boundary conditions have been enforced by the incorporation of the Lagrange multiplier method. Due to the presence of steep boundary layers in the solution of the considered problem, a piecewise-uniform layer-adapted Shishkin’s technique has been used to generate nodal points at the transition point. The stability and error analysis of the present method on a discrete <span>(L^{2}-)</span>norm is analyzed in an innovative theoretical framework. The <span>(epsilon)</span>-uniform convergency of the fully-discrete EFG method is shown to be <span>(mathcal {O}(tau ^{2}+d_{s}^{m}))</span>, where <span>(tau)</span> and <span>(d_{s}^{m})</span> are the time step size and size of the influence domain, respectively. The Lagrange multiplier method has been incorporated to deal with the implementation of essential boundary conditions. Lastly, a few numerical experiments are performed to validate the theoretical results and verify the computational consistency and robustness of the proposed scheme. The <span>(L_{infty })</span> errors and the convergence rate have been presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"H2O2 decomposition on X12Y12 (X = B, Al, Ga and Y = N, P) nanocage catalysts: a density functional theory study","authors":"Xin Lian, Wenhong Zeng, Xinlin Tang, Haiyue Liao, Wenlong Guo, Yunhuai Zhang, Guangyong Gao","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02632-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02632-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The decomposition mechanism of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> on X<sub>12</sub>Y<sub>12</sub> (X = B, Al, Ga and Y = N, P) nanocages is studied by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Generally, the decomposition of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> proceeds through a direct dehydrogenation pathway. *H + *OH + *O is identified as the most thermodynamically stable intermediate. The unfavorable nature of peroxide bond scission directly pathway is attributed to the high energy barrier of *H separation from *OH + *O + *H, which favors the H<sub>2</sub>O production. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> is likely to dissociate on the Al<sub>12</sub>N<sub>12</sub> via the direct dehydrogenation pathway, as the energy barrier of the rate-determining step is only 0.73 eV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hang Gao, Yuqin Zhu, He’an Luo, Yang Lv, Pingle Liu
{"title":"Highly efficient selective hydrogenation of isophthalonitrile to M-xylenedimethylamine over Co–CaO/g-C3N4 without alkaline additives","authors":"Hang Gao, Yuqin Zhu, He’an Luo, Yang Lv, Pingle Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02628-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02628-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Co–xCaO/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> catalysts were prepared using incipient wetness impregnation method and applied in isophthalonitrile hydrogenation to M-xylenedimethylamine. The characterization results and experimental data indicate that introduction of CaO crates large number of basic sites and leads to electron rich Co, hence inhibits the side reaction and improves the selectivity to M-xylenedimethylamine. 10Co–2CaO/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> gives the best catalytic performance of 100% conversion of isophthalonitrile and 95% selectivity to M-xylenedimethylamine without any alkaline additives in the reacion system. This work is valuable for the design and preparation of hydrogenation catalysts with rich basic sites and provides a green process for nitrile compounds to amine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modified Friedman isoconversional kinetic method for effective activation energies of waste tires rubber pyrolysis","authors":"Zhen Zhang, Xiaoguang Zheng, Junmeng Cai","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02629-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02629-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A modified Friedman isoconversional method based on the weight-loss data was proposed to determine the kinetics models and parameters. Thermal pyrolysis kinetic characteristics of waste tire rubber (WTR) samples under nitrogen conditions was investigated by measuring the rate of mass loss as a function of time and temperature. The obtained thermal pyrolysis data was applied to analyze the kinetic parameters using the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) and modified Friedman isoconversional methods. The results showed that the modified Friedman isoconversional method was used to provide the most precise values of activation energy for WTR pyrolysis, which ranged from 130.5 to 177.6 kJ/mol with the conversion range of 0.1–0.9. It can avoid systematic errors in the FWO and KAS methods. These data were in good agreement with the values reported in the related previous studies. Therefore, the modified Friedman method provides an accurate and effective way to explain the pyrolysis parameters and equations of kinetics in WTR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Endang Tri Wahyuni, Syafriyanti Annur, Adytya Wijayana, Eka Pratista, Early Zahwa Alharissa
{"title":"Correction: Synthesis of TiO2–Fe/Fe3O4 photocatalyst using iron rusty waste as Fe source for removal Pb(II) in water media under visible light with good separable property","authors":"Endang Tri Wahyuni, Syafriyanti Annur, Adytya Wijayana, Eka Pratista, Early Zahwa Alharissa","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02620-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02620-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140707812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The oxidation of potassium hexacyanoferrate(II)trihydrate by potassium dibromodicyanoaurate(III) in acidic solution: a kinetic study","authors":"Jannie C. Swarts, C. Robert Dennis","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02625-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02625-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reduction of the dibromodicyanoaurate(III) ion by hexacyanoferrate(II)trihydrate was studied in an acidic medium. The reaction was first order in both Au(CN)<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub><sup>4−</sup> and a second order rate constant of k<sub>2</sub> = 255 ± 5 M<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> at [H<sup>+</sup>] = 2.041 × 10<sup>−4</sup> M, an ionic strength of 0.51 M (NaBr) and 20.0 ± 0.1 °C was found for the reaction. The reaction rate decreases with increasing [H<sup>+</sup>] in the region 0.0004 ≤ [H<sup>+</sup>] ≤ 0.065 M. An equilibrium constant of K<sub>a</sub> = (3.00 ± 0.01) × 10<sup>−3</sup> M (pK<sub>a</sub> = 2.52) at 20.0 ± 0.1 °C was found for the deprotonation of H<sub>2</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub><sup>2−</sup>. Activation parameters of ∆H<sup>#</sup> = 47.8 ± 0.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> and ∆S<sup>#</sup> = −37 ± 3 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup> have been obtained by a least squares fit of temperature data directly to the Eyring equation.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11144-024-02625-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced photodegradation of sertraline using a hybrid-metal–organic framework composite photocatalyst: optimization and kinetic study","authors":"Zinat Gordi, Tahere Ghanbari","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02597-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02597-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate the performance of a series of photocatalysts, including Co-MOF, Ni-MOF, bimetallic Co, Ni-MOF, and Ni-MOF on Co-MOF, for the efficient photodegradation of the antidepressant drug sertraline. The photocatalysts were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and their effectiveness in sertraline degradation was compared. Results revealed that Ni-MOF on Co-MOF exhibited the highest percentage of photodegradation, surpassing other photocatalysts, with bimetallic Co, Ni-MOF ranking second. To further optimize the process, response surface methodology based on central composite design was employed to determine the influential factors and their interactions. Under the established optimum conditions, including photocatalyst amount (75 mg), pH (5.5), sertraline concentration (117 mg L<sup>−1</sup>), and hydrogen peroxide percentage (1.8%), the photodegradation process utilizing Ni-MOF on Co-MOF achieved remarkable results. Kinetic analysis using a pseudo-first-order model demonstrated a rate constant of 0.019 ± 0.001 min<sup>−1</sup> and a half-life of 36.28 min. These findings underscore the efficiency and effectiveness of Ni-MOF on Co-MOF as a superior photocatalyst for the degradation of sertraline, offering valuable insights into process optimization and kinetics for potential applications in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Sn-based nanocomposites using waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate","authors":"Shweta Shukla, Ramasamy Karvembu","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02623-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02623-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Terephthalic acid (TPA) was recovered by alkaline hydrolysis of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. TPA recovered was used to prepare Sn-based catalyst by solvothermal method. For comparison, commercial TPA was also used to prepare Sn-based catalyst. The catalysts were used for the electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to formate. Both the catalysts were found to possess nanoflake morphology, and were highly porous in nature with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 211.4 and 239.4 m<sup>2</sup>/g for commercial and PET derived TPA-based Sn catalysts, respectively. The catalyst made from the waste PET bottles derived TPA was found to be more effective than the one obtained from the commercial TPA. The Faradaic efficiency obtained for the formation of formate was 68.4% at potential − 1.8 V (<i>vs</i> Ag/AgCl) and current density of 13.5 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, when catalyst was synthesized using waste PET derived TPA. High activity of the electrocatalysts was attributed to higher capacitance, and lower resistance of the catalysts.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical properties of Bi2Fe4O9/Ag3PO4 for rapid degradation of Rhodamine B","authors":"Adel Khen, Toufik Hadjersi, Noureddine Brihi, Madjid Ifires, Fatsah Moulai, Atmane Djermoune, Amar Manseri","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02626-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02626-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work focuses on the synthesis of Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub>/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> composites with different Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> contents to remove the Rhodamine B (RhB) dye pollutant. The obtained composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Photoluminescence and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The 5Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub>/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> catalyst with 5% Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> loading exhibited the high photocatalytic performance with degradation efficiency of 97.91% after 12 min under visible light irradiation. Photoluminescence and UV–Vis analysis showed that 5Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub>/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> has the best separation of photogenerated e<sup>−</sup>/h<sup>+</sup> pairs and light absorption. The catalyst exhibited a good selectivity toward tartrazine and methylene blue. The cycling experiment revealed that 5Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub>/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> catalyst has a good stability after 4 runs. The results of trapping radical experiments indicated that h<sup>+</sup> charge carriers were the main species involved in the RhB photodegradation process which was supported by a Z-scheme electron transfer mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Markus Werther, Christian Singer, Alexander Gross, Sven Kureti, Juan Carlos Martínez-Munuera, Avelina García-García
{"title":"Effect of SO2 on the soot oxidation activity of flame spray pyrolysis-made manganese oxide catalyst in gasoline model exhaust","authors":"Markus Werther, Christian Singer, Alexander Gross, Sven Kureti, Juan Carlos Martínez-Munuera, Avelina García-García","doi":"10.1007/s11144-024-02618-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11144-024-02618-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study deals with the effect of SO<sub>2</sub> on the soot oxidation activity of flame spray pyrolysis-prepared manganese oxide in gasoline model exhaust. The catalyst was exposed to 15 and 30 ppm SO<sub>2</sub> at 250 °C and was characterized by N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, SO<sub>2</sub>-TPD, O<sub>2</sub>-TPD, DRIFTS, XPS and PXRD. It was shown that the SO<sub>2</sub> adsorption results in the formation of surface sulfate, while the uptake increased from 26 to 45 μmol/g with growing sulfur content of the model exhaust. The sulfur adsorption reduces the mobility and availability of oxygen on the catalyst thus inhibiting the oxygen transport from gas phase over the catalyst to the contact points of the soot. Consequently, the soot oxidation activity, investigated with tight contact blends of catalyst and soot, decreases with inclining amount of sulfate. Finally, the sulfate species were mostly removed by thermal treatment at 705 °C, which additionally provoked catalyst sintering. As a result, the catalytic performance of the de-sulfated catalyst was slightly lower compared to the sulfated sample.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":750,"journal":{"name":"Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11144-024-02618-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}