AIDS Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"HIV drug resistance: analysis of viral genotypes and mutation loci in people living with HIV in Chongqing, China (2016–2023)","authors":"Wenwan Gao, Gang Zhou, Mei Li, Pengsen Wang, Jungang Li, Renni Deng","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00646-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-024-00646-z","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale HIV genotype drug resistance study has not been conducted in Chongqing. A retrospective study was conducted on people living with HIV(PLWH) who received HIV-1 genotype resistance testing at Chongqing Public Health Medical Center from May 2016 to June 2023. The HIV-1pol gene was amplified through RT-PCR and analyzed in terms of genotypic drug resistance. Of the 3015 PLWH tested for HIV-1 drug resistance, 1405 (46.6%) were resistant to at least one antiviral drug. Among non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 43.8% were resistant, compared to 29.5% for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and 3.4% for protease inhibitors (PIs). V179D/E and K103N/S were identified as the common mutation sites in the NNRTIs class of drugs, M184V/I and K65R/N were reported as the most common mutation sites in NRTIs, while thymidine analogue mutation (TAM) group was identified in 373 samples. L10FIV was the most common mutation in PIs. The dominant HIV-1 subtype was CRF07_BC. The high prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in Chongqing underscores the imperative for rigorous surveillance of the local HIV epidemic. Furthermore, TAMs are associated with HIV-1 multidrug resistance, and timely detection of drug resistance is helpful to reduce the emergence and spread of such drug-resistant strains.","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Facilitators and barriers to initiating and completing tuberculosis preventive treatment among children and adolescents living with HIV in Uganda: a qualitative study of adolescents, caretakers and health workers.","authors":"Pauline Mary Amuge, Denis Ndekezi, Moses Mugerwa, Dickson Bbuye, Diana Antonia Rutebarika, Lubega Kizza, Christine Namugwanya, Angella Baita, Peter James Elyanu, Patricia Nahirya Ntege, Dithan Kiragga, Carol Birungi, Adeodata Rukyalekere Kekitiinwa, Agnes Kiragga, Moorine Peninah Sekadde, Nicole Salazar-Austin, Anna Maria Mandalakas, Philippa Musoke","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00651-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00651-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142144938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivation, responsibilities, and experiences of HIV/AIDS counselors in the Volta Region of Ghana: a descriptive phenomenological study.","authors":"Festus Dwomoh, Mbuyiselo Douglas, Veronica O Charles-Unadike, Joyce Komesuor, Emmanuel Manu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00648-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00648-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The provision of professional counseling services for persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) is crucial in the prevention and treatment continuum of the disease. However, for counselors of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leading to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) to give their best, their motivations to become counselors and the challenges they face in their line of duty need to be contextually understood and addressed. We ascertained the roles, motivations, and experiences of HIV/AIDS counselors in the Volta Region of Ghana to inform HIV/AIDS counseling decision-making in the region and the country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phenomenological study conducted among sixteen (16) HIV/AIDS counselors from five HIV/AIDS sentinel sites in the Volta region of Ghana, recruited through a purposive sampling approach and interviewed to ascertain their HIV/AIDS counseling-related experiences. The data were thematically analyzed using the Atlas. ti software, and sub-themes supported with verbatim quotes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five motives for becoming an HIV/AIDS counselor were found. These include being randomly assigned to the unit, developing interest in the job, because of the status of a relative, witnessing bad attitudes of healthcare providers, and seeing HIV- clients lacking knowledge of the condition. The study found that these counselors performed six core roles: providing nutritional counseling, educating clients on HIV, treatment, and medication provision, conducting testing and comprehensive counseling of clients, providing social support to clients, and offering financial support to clients. The experiences these counselors had were boosting clients' health status, counseling clients back to a normal mental state, cooperation from clients, participants gaining knowledge on HIV through counseling, counseling clients to accept their status, and when a client delivered an HIV-negative baby. Their negative experiences included clients denying their HIV status, clients defaulting on their treatment, uncooperative clients, death of clients due to fear of breach of confidentiality, self-stigmatization among clients, and the myths some people hold towards HIV/AIDS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By organizing capacity-building training programs for HIV/AIDS counselors in the Volta region and addressing the negative experiences they encounter, they could be empowered to provide effective counseling, curative, and social services to people living with HIV in the region, leading to improved health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11365179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitators and barriers to initiating and completing tuberculosis preventive treatment among children and adolescents living with HIV in Uganda: a qualitative study of adolescents, caretakers and health workers.","authors":"Pauline Mary Amuge, Denis Ndekezi, Moses Mugerwa, Dickson Bbuye, Diana Antonia Rutebarika, Lubega Kizza, Christine Namugwanya, Angella Baita, Peter James Elyanu, Patricia Nahirya Ntege, Dithan Kiragga, Carol Birungi, Adeodata Rukyalekere Kekitiinwa, Agnes Kiragga, Moorine Peninah Sekadde, Nicole-Austin Salazar, Anna Maria Mandalakas, Philippa Musoke","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00643-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00643-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People living with HIV (PLHIV) have a 20-fold risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease compared to HIV-negative people. In 2021, the uptake of TB preventive treatment among the children and adolescents living with HIV at the Baylor-Uganda HIV clinic was 45%, which was below the national target of 90%. Minimal evidence documents the enablers and barriers to TB preventive treatment (TPT) initiation and completion among children and adolescents living with HIV(CALHIV). We explored the facilitators and barriers to TPT initiation and completion among CALHIV among adolescents aged 10-19years and caretakers of children below 18years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a qualitative study from February 2022 to March 2023, at three paediatric and adolescent HIV treatment centers in Uganda. In-depth interviews were conducted at TPT initiation and after completion for purposively selected health workers, adolescents aged 10-19 years living with HIV, and caretakers of children aged below 18years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The desire to avoid TB disease, previous TB treatment, encouragement from family members, and ministry of health policies emerged as key facilitators for the children and adolescents to initiate TPT. Barriers to TPT initiation included; TB and HIV-related stigma, busy carer and adolescent work schedules, reduced social support from parents and family, history of drug side effects, high pill burden and fatigue, and perception of not being ill. TPT completion was enabled by combined TPT and ART refill visits, delivery of ART and TPT within the community, and continuous education and counseling from health workers. Reported barriers to TPT completion included TB and HIV-related stigma, long waiting time. Non-disclosure of HIV status by caretakers to CALHIV and fear of side effects was cited by health workers as a barrier to starting TPT. Facilitators of TPT initiation and completion reported by healthcare workers included patient and caretaker health education, counselling about benefits of TPT and risk of TB disease, having same appointment for TPT and ART refill to reduce patient waiting time, adolescent-friendly services, and appointment reminder phone calls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The facilitators and barriers of TPT initiation and completion among CALHIV span from individual, to health system and structural factors. Health education about benefits of TPT and risk of TB, social support, adolescent-friendly services, and joint appointments for TPT and ART refill are major facilitators of TPT initiation and completion among CALHIV in Uganda.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of survival time for HIV/AIDS patients in the pastoralist region of Borena: a study at Yabelo General Hospital, South East Ethiopia.","authors":"Galgalo Jaba Nura, Kumbi Sara Wario, Markos Abiso Erango","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00644-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00644-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>HIV/AIDS is one of the most dangerous diseases globally, impacting public health, economics, society, political issues, and communities. As of 2023, the World Health Organization estimates that 40.4 million people are living with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to identify the determinants of survival time for HIV/AIDS patients in the pastoralist region of Borena at Yabelo General Hospital.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study design was a retrospective cohort study, with a sample size of 293 individuals living with HIV/AIDS, based on recorded data. This research utilized survival model analysis, employing Kaplan-Meier plots, the log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard model analysis.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Out of the total sample size, 179 (61.1%) were female and 114 (38.1%) were male. Among these males, 36 (31.6%) were deceased. The analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model revealed that the following variables were significantly associated with the survival time of HIV/AIDS patients: gender, educational status, area of residence, tuberculosis (TB), and opportunistic infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We concluded that individuals living with HIV/AIDS in urban areas have a lower risk of death compared to those in rural areas, indicating that rural residents have a reduced survival probability. Therefore, the Borena zone administration should focus on adult patients to enhance life expectancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney transplant recipient with history of HIV, HBV, and past HCV infection.","authors":"José Ignacio Cerrillos-Gutiérrez, Ricardo Parra-Guerra, Alfredo Gutiérrez-Govea, Jorge Andrade-Sierra, Eduardo González-Espinoza, Daniel Nuño-Díaz, Martha Jessica Herrera-Rodríguez, Maribel Ávila-Morán, Ana Luisa Corona-Nakamura, Luz Yasmin Hinogiante-Segura, Claudia Alejandra Mendoza-Cerpa","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00647-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00647-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic viral infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C (HCV), and hepatitis B (HBV) are common among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESKD). These infections were once considered contraindications to kidney transplantation due to potential risks associated with long-term immunosuppression. Improved management and antiviral therapies have changed the prognosis and survival of this group of patients, along with an increased experience in transplanting people with these viral infections. We report the first successful kidney transplant in an ESKD patient on hemodialysis with a history of concomitant HIV, HCV and HBV infection in Mexico.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142071761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of knowledge and intention to use oral fluid HIV self-testing and associated factors among Ethiopian health care workers in southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Dinku Daniel, Habtamu Hasen, Yisak Sinebo, Tessema Bereku, Melese Mekuria, Zemzem Jemal, Mesganew Amare, Yitagesu Habtu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00642-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00642-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The World Health Organization has recommended a new method for HIV self-testing (HIVST) using oral fluid, intending to increase HIV testing rates, and linking individuals to medical care. Healthcare workers are chief health advocates in the community who need adequate knowledge and intention to use the newly recommended HIVST approach. However, studies on awareness and the intention to use oral fluid for HIV self-testing among Ethiopian healthcare workers are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess healthcare workers' knowledge of and intentions to use oral fluid for HIV self-testing in Hadiya Zone public hospitals in southern Ethiopia in 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a facility-based cross-sectional study among a sample of 352 healthcare workers from 1 to 30 June 2022. The data were entered into Epidata version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. We used a logistic regression model with a 95% confidence interval for the interpretation of adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total participants, 40.3% had good knowledge, and 63.1% intended to use oral fluid (HIVST). Approximately 92% of healthcare workers had not received training, and 48.3% had heard about HIVST. Only 12.3% knew about the availability of the kit in hospitals, and 19.9% had ever used HIVST. Being male (AOR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.33-3.95), receiving support for the implementation of HIVST (AOR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.21-3.56), hearing about HIVST (AOR = 5.05; 95% CI 2.89-8.81), having prior experience using HIVST (AOR = 2.94; 95% CI 1.71-5.05), having a spouse or partner (AOR = 2.78; 95% CI 1.14-6.82), and having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 2.76; 95% CI 1.13-6.78) were associated with good knowledge of oral HIVST. Being aged 25-29 years (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI 1.18, 5.41), perceiving the high cost of the HIVST kit (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI 0.16-0.84), and having poor knowledge (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.13-3.23) were significantly associated with the intention to use the oral fluid for HIVST.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the need for technical updating training for healthcare workers to increase their knowledge of and intention to use oral fluid for HIVST. Promoting oral fluid HIVST through targeted education, supporting initiatives, and addressing cost concerns related to the testing kit may increase the uptake of oral fluid HIVST among healthcare workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142054653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the vertical transmission prevention program in Guinea: impact of the improvement plan on performance indicators at large-cohort sites.","authors":"Soriba Camara, Tamba Mina Millimouno, Castro Gbêmêmali Hounmenou, Delphin Kolié, Kadio Jean-Jacques Olivier Kadio, Abdoulaye Sow, Sidikiba Sidibé, Alexandre Delamou","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00639-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00639-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vertical transmission of HIV remains a major challenge in Guinea, especially, in low-resource rural areas. This paper presents the results of a pilot project designed to enhance the prevention of vertical transmission through a comprehensive improvement plan implemented across 66 large-cohort sites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 66 large-cohort of mother to child transmission prevention (PMTCT) sites from 2019 to 2022 were analysed to compare PMTCT metrics before (2019-2020) and after (2021-2022) the improvement initiative. Key indicators were reviewed, and trends were statistically analysed using Mann‒Whitney tests, with a p value less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The implementation of this strategy significantly increased the antiretroviral therapy rate among HIV-positive pregnant women from 66 to 94%, and full antiretroviral prophylaxis coverage was achieved in infants. However, early infant diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction testing falls short of the national target, highlighting deficiencies in laboratory and specimen transport capacities. The study also revealed regional disparities in the use of PMTCT services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The improvement plan effectively enhanced antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis use, demonstrating the benefits of structured interventions and capacity development. Despite improvements, challenges such as insufficient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and uneven access to services remain. Future initiatives should aim to equip PMTCT sites with essential resources and promote community-driven health-seeking behaviours in underserved areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142054654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use and non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy among Refugee HIV positive pregnant mothers aged 18-49 years in Kyangwali refugee camp, Western Uganda.","authors":"Joan Tusabe, Joanita Nangendo, Michael Muhoozi, Herbert Muyinda","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00645-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00645-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Refugee HIV positive mothers experience significant obstacles in accessing, utilizing and adhering to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Identifying ART non-adherence can help in the development of interventions aimed at improving adherence and subsequently effectiveness of ART among the refugee mothers. We describe the use and the factors associated with non-adherence to ART among Refugee HIV positive pregnant mothers aged 18-49 years in Kyangwali Refugee Camp, Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study among HIV positive pregnant mothers aged 18-49 years in Kyangwali refugee camp between May and June 2023. Using a structured questionnaire, we collected data on use, and factors associated with non-adherence to ART. We used modified Poisson regression analysis to determine factors associated with non-adherence to ART.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 380 participants enrolled, 192 (50.5%) were married, mean age 32.1 years. Overall, 98.7; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [97.5-99.8%] were using ART and 27.4; 95% CI [22.9-31.9%] were non-adherent. Non-adherence was associated with: Initiating Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) care in the third trimester of pregnancy (adjusted Prevalence ration(aPR): 2.06; 95% CI: 1.27-3.35), no need to get permission to seek PMTCT services aPR 1.61; 95% CI [1.07-2.42] and poor attitude of PMTCT providers aPR 1.90; 95% CI [1.20-3.01].</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendations: </strong>Non-adherence to ART was generally high; therefore limiting the effectiveness of the PMTCT program in this setting. Refugee context specific education interventional programs aimed at early initiation into HIV care, strong social and psychological support from families, communities and health care providers are vital to improve adherence in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"People living with HIV with the Omicron variant infection have milder COVID-19 symptoms: results from a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yuting Tan, Songjie Wu, Fangzhao Ming, Jie Liu, Gifty Marley, Aiping Yu, Yanhe Luo, Shi Zou, Wei Guo, Weiming Tang, Ke Liang","doi":"10.1186/s12981-024-00633-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-024-00633-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>China braces for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surge after adjusting the \"zero COVID\" strategy. We aimed to evaluate and compare the prevalence of clinical symptoms of the Omicron variant infection among people living with HIV (PLWH) and HIV-free people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, in December 2022 by a self-administered online survey during the Omicron wave. Participants aged ≥ 18 years with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis were recruited. PLWH managed by the local healthcare system were recruited, while HIV-free people were recruited by sending out online surveys through WeChat. We compared the prevalence of clinical symptoms of COVID-19 between PLWH and HIV-free people, and factors associated with symptom occurrence among PLWH were accessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total, 687 PLWH and 1222 HIV-free people were enrolled. After adjusting sex, age, body mass index, comorbidities and COVID-19 vaccination status, the prevalences of all symptoms, including higher degree and long duration of fever (aOR 0.51, 95%CI 0·42 - 0·61; aOR 0.52, 95%CI 0·43 - 0·63), were significantly lower among PLWH than among HIV-free people. Among PLWH, CD4⁺ T lymphocyte count (CD4 count) between 350 ~ 499 cells/µL and detectable HIV viral load (HIV-VL) were associated with significantly decreased risks of fever (aOR 0·63, 95%CI 0·40 - 0·97; aOR 0·56, 95%CI 0·33 - 0·94), headache (aOR 0·61, 95%CI 0·41 - 0·91; aOR 0·55, 95%CI 0·34 - 0·92) and muscle soreness (aOR 0·57, 95%CI 0·39 - 0·84; aOR 0·57, 95%CI 0·39 - 0·84). No apparent association between the symptoms prevalence and three/four doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination among PLWH was observed; both males and older age were associated with significantly decreased risks of nasal congestion/runny nose (aOR 0·52, 95%CI 0·32 - 0·82; aOR 0·97, 95%CI 0·96 - 0·99) and headache (aOR 0·58, 95%CI 0·36 - 0·92; aOR 0·96, 95%CI 0·95 - 0·98); older age was associated with significantly decreased risks of higher degree of fever (aOR 0·97, 95%CI 0·95 - 0·98).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PLWH have significantly milder symptoms of the Omicron variant infection than HIV-free people. PLWH who are male, older, have low CD4 count, and detectable HIV-VL have reduced occurrence of COVID-19 symptoms. However, continuous monitoring should be conducted among PLWH during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141911296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}