AIDS最新文献

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 cross-sectional serosurvey across three HIV-1 therapeutic clinical trials in Africa.","authors":"Emmanuelle Papot, Tamara Tovar-Sanchez, Joana Woods, Guillaume Thaurignac, Nnakelu Eriobu, Margaret Borok, Richard Kaplan, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Iskandar Azwa, Beatriz Grinsztejng, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Simiso Sokhela, Mireille Mpoudi-Etame, Maria Arriaga, Simone Jacoby, Gail V Matthews, Marcelo H Losso, Saye Khoo, Alexandra Calmy, Charles Kouanfack, Ahidjo Ayouba, Kathy Petoumenos, W D Francois Venter, Eric Delaporte, Mark N Polizzotto","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004068","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Data on the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people with HIV (PWH) are lacking in resource-constrained settings. We utilized existing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on antiretroviral therapies (ART) in HIV-1 infection to conduct a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurvey, between January and March 2021, while characterizing participants' features.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional serosurvey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Demographic characteristics, medical history and a serum sample were collected from consenting PWH. Samples were analyzed centrally for immunoglobulin G antibodies to recombinant nucleocapsid and spike proteins derived from SARS-CoV-2 using a Luminex based assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 549 participants recruited in 9 sites across Africa had a median age of 40 years (interquartile range, IQR [34-45]); 63.0% (346) were female. All were on ART; 81.8% (449) had an HIV-1 viral load <50 copies/ml, with CD4 + cell count median at 478/mm 3 (IQR [320-677]). None had received vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Forty participants (7.3%) had a prior SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing, of whom 10 were positive (1.8%). Crude SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 36.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) [32.2-40.4]). In the explorative multivariable analysis, comparison of the characteristics of PWH with a positive SARS-CoV-2 serology with those with a negative or indeterminate serology: PWH with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m 2 were more likely to have a positive serology than those with a BMI <25 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.39 [1.48-3.86], P  < 0.001); and PWH living in Cameroon were less likely to have a positive serology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a substantial seroprevalence level of SARS-CoV-2 in PWH in the first quarter of 2021, with a marked disparity with the number of COVID-19 PCR tests reported positive.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"448-456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of nonbarrier contraceptives among women with HIV.","authors":"Fie W Paulsen, Malte M Tetens, Jan Gerstoft, Gitte Kronborg, Isik S Johansen, Carsten S Larsen, Lothar Wiese, Michael Dalager-Pedersen, Suzanne Lunding, Lars N Nielsen, Anja B Pinborg, Nina Weis, Lars H Omland, Niels Obel, Anne-Mette Lebech","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004067","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the use of nonbarrier contraceptives among women with HIV (WWH) compared to women from the general population (WGP) in Denmark.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included WWH aged 16-50 years, treated at an HIV specialized clinic, and included in The Danish HIV Cohort Study between 1995 and 2021 and an age-matched comparison cohort of WGP. We examined use of hormonal contraception, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and sterilization from 10 years before to 20 years after study inclusion. Additionally, we calculated age-standardized proportions and incidences over calendar time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 1720 WWH and 17 720 WGP. Median age was 33 years and almost half of WWH had African origin (41%). Nonbarrier contraceptive use was lower among WWH (8.5%) compared to WGP (32.1%) at study inclusion. Before and after inclusion, WWH had nearly half the nonbarrier contraceptive use of WGP, with notably lower hormonal contraception and IUD use. Initially, fewer WWH were sterilized, but 5 years after inclusion, sterilization became the preferred method among WWH. HC use increased among WWH after 2010 but decreased among WGP after 2005. IUD use increased among both groups during 1995-2021 but remained lower among WWH. Incidence of sterilizations remained stable in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of nonbarrier contraceptives was lower among WWH compared to WGP. For WWH, sterilization became the preferred nonbarrier method few years after study inclusion. hormonal contraception and IUD use increased among WWH after 2010 but remained lower than for WGP. Improved contraceptive counseling is recommended to support reproductive health among WWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"403-413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth outcomes following bictegravir exposure during pregnancy.","authors":"Rosemary Olivero, Paige L Williams, George Sawyer, Lynn M Yee, Kunjal Patel, Sonia Hernandez-Diaz, Kathleen Powis, Mary Paul, Ellen G Chadwick","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004041","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bictegravir is increasingly prescribed as a co-formulated tablet with tenofovir alafenamide and emtricitabine to pregnant persons with HIV (PWH) despite limited pregnancy and birth outcome data. We sought to provide birth outcome data following exposure to bictegravir during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted a descriptive analysis of infants born to pregnant PWH 18-45 years of age enrolled in at least one Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS)-affiliated study who received bictegravir for ≥7 days during pregnancy and completed follow-up through delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The outcomes of interest were gestational age at birth, preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation), gestational-age adjusted birth weight (BWZ) and length (BLZ) Z -scores, small for gestational age (SGA, birthweight <10th percentile), congenital anomalies, neonatal deaths in the first 28 days of life, and infant HIV status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 177 infants born to 170 unique PWH were exposed to bictegravir for ≥7 days during gestation; 55% were exposed to bictegravir from the time of conception. Median gestational age at birth was 38.1 weeks. The prevalence of preterm birth was 15.8% and SGA was 9.3%. Mean BWZ and BLZ were -0.48 and 0.03. No neonatal deaths or perinatal HIV transmissions were reported. Among 126 infants exposed to first-trimester bictegravir, 7 (5.6%) had major congenital anomalies with no specific pattern suggestive of a syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide preliminary data without significant safety concerns for fetal bictegravir exposure in this United States cohort. Comparative data and continued surveillance of outcomes among infants exposed to bictegravir during gestation are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"381-386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the genomic landscape of HIV-associated lymphoma.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 4","pages":"480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"People with four-class drug-resistant HIV-1 may have low levels of intact DNA.","authors":"Camilla Muccini, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Maurizio Zazzi, Antonella Castagna, Daniela Cesana","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the HIV-1 reservoir in people with four-class drug-resistant (4DR) virus compared with those without drug resistance. Using the intact proviral DNA assay, we found that both groups had similar levels of intact HIV-1 DNA, suggesting that multidrug-resistant HIV does not significantly alter the size of the reservoir. These findings are a first step in studying the HIV-1 reservoir in the population with multidrug-resistant virus, and further studies are needed to confirm our results.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 4","pages":"475-476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies of young adults with perinatal HIV infection provide new clues for HIV cure.","authors":"Louise Kuhn, Pauline Thomas","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004107","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 4","pages":"457-458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11867207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial factors account for a proportion of the difference in cognitive performance between persons with and without HIV.","authors":"Anna Jane Dreyer, Celine Le Roux, Kevin G F Thomas, Caroline A Sabin, Alan Winston, Saye Khoo, John A Joska, Sam Nightingale","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004080","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether psychosocial factors account for a proportion of the difference in cognitive performance between persons with and without HIV.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study of 273 participants (178 persons with HIV) from a low income area of Cape Town, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants completed comprehensive cognitive testing (7 domains) and 12 psychosocial measures (5 current: income, occupation, assets, accommodation, depressive symptoms, 7 from childhood: assets, quality of education, exposure to childhood trauma and violence, primary caregiver occupation and highest level of education), as well as demographic measures standard in cognition studies (age, sex, years of education). We investigated the HIV association with global cognitive performance after adjustment for standard demographic variables, exploratory psychosocial variables, and balancing characteristics of those with and without HIV using propensity score modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Persons with HIV had significantly lower scores than persons without HIV in 8/12 psychosocial variables. Of these, 7/12 significantly predicted global T-score. In unadjusted regression, HIV status was associated with a reduction in global T-score of 3.72 units. Adjustment for standard variables, reduced the effect of HIV on global T score by 26.9% to 2.72, additional adjustment for psychosocial variables reduced by 40.3% to 2.22, and adjustment for propensity scores by 42.7% to 2.13.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Persons with HIV in this setting have lower psychosocial indices, both current and in childhood, which are associated with lower cognitive test performance as an adult. This is incompletely mitigated by adjustments for standard demographic variables which risks overestimation of cognitive impairment on a population level.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"393-402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doravirine associated with greater LDL cholesterol reduction in people with HIV switching antiretroviral regimens.","authors":"Michele Bellomo, Nicola Gianotti, Hamid Hasson, Diana Canetti, Silvia Nozza, Monica Guffanti, Emanuela Messina, Vincenzo Spagnuolo, Riccardo Lolatto, Sara Diotallevi, Antonella Castagna, Laura Galli, Camilla Muccini","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this observational cohort study, the objective was to compare low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol dynamics in people with HIV (PWH) who switched to a regimen containing doravirine (DOR), rilpivirine, dolutegravir, or bictegravir and were naïve to the studied drugs. Generalized additive mixed models were used to examine LDL cholesterol dynamics. LDL cholesterol was measured in 2381 PWH: during the first two years, DOR had the greatest lowering effect and showed the most favorable lipid outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 4","pages":"477-479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding choices of antiretroviral treatment regimens for pregnant and breastfeeding persons with HIV.","authors":"William R Short, Natella Rakhmanina","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 4","pages":"459-461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The steady-state pharmacokinetics of fixed-dose combination dolutegravir+rilpivirine in hemodialysis.","authors":"Samir K Gupta, Allon N Friedman, Zeruesenay Desta","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004071","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Fixed dose combination (FDC) dolutegravir (DTG) plus rilpivirine (RPV) is an approved antiretroviral treatment regimen for people with HIV. The steady-state pharmacokinetics of FDC DTG+RPV in hemodialysis has not been previously studied.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We performed a single-center, prospective evaluation of the steady-state pharmacokinetics of FDC DTG +RPV in four adults without HIV either requiring hemodialysis and in four matched participants with normal renal function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All participants received FDC DTG (50 mg)+RPV (25 mg) daily for 10-14 days with food before undergoing an intensive 24 h pharmacokinetic evaluation (performed between dialysis days for those requiring HD). Plasma drug and metabolite concentrations were measured using a validated UHPLC/MS/MS. Descriptive pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hemodialysis and normal renal function participants (each group with two men and two women) were of similar ages (range, 50-60 years) and BMI (range, 18.5-34.5 kg/m 2 ). No participant experienced serious or grade 3-4 adverse events; there were no study discontinuations. The AUC 0 - τ mean (SD) ratios of hemodialysis to normal renal function for DTG and RPV were 1.1 (0.4) and 1.1 (0.9), respectively. The mean (SD) Cmin for DTG and RPV in the hemodialysis group were 1033 (252) and 49 (18) ng/ml, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hemodialysis did not lead to clinically appreciable differential exposures to DTG and RPV. Exposures throughout the dosing interval were greater than the reported protein-binding-adjusted IC90 efficacy values for DTG (64 ng/ml) and RPV (12 ng/ml) in all participants. These data suggest no dosing modifications are needed for the FDC DTG+RPV regimen in hemodialysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 4","pages":"356-361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}