AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004347
Iulia Filip
{"title":"High body mass and depression accelerate physical decline in people with HIV - can exercise reverse the clock?","authors":"Iulia Filip","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004342
Liangjia Wei, Chunxing Tao, Xinju Huang, Ruby Congjiang Wang, Jianhua Che, Aidan Nong, Rongye Huang, Zhiman Yan, Lijing Huang, Jiao Qin, Lincong Chen, Sanqi An, Junjun Jiang, Lixian Xiong, Hao Liang, Lijuan Bao, Bingyu Liang, Li Ye
{"title":"High triglyceride-glucose index is associated with diabetes mellitus in people with HIV in Southwest China: a 13-year retrospective longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Liangjia Wei, Chunxing Tao, Xinju Huang, Ruby Congjiang Wang, Jianhua Che, Aidan Nong, Rongye Huang, Zhiman Yan, Lijing Huang, Jiao Qin, Lincong Chen, Sanqi An, Junjun Jiang, Lixian Xiong, Hao Liang, Lijuan Bao, Bingyu Liang, Li Ye","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, an emerging marker of insulin resistance, has shown promise in predicting various non-communicable diseases. This study investigated the association between the TyG index and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within a 13-year retrospective longitudinal cohort of people with HIV (PWH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the China National Free ART Program (CNFAP) in Guangxi, enrolling PWH who initiated ART between 2010 and 2022. The primary exposure, TyG index, was calculated as ln [TG(mg/dL) × FBG(mg/dL)/2]. The outcome, T2DM, was defined as two consecutive FBG measurements ≥7 mmol/L. Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based multi-trajectory analysis identified TyG trajectories. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between TyG trajectories and the risk of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15,370 patients were included, with 69.9% male, and a median age of 45 at ART initiation. Over 63,232 person-years of follow-up, 22.7% (3493/15370) developed T2DM.The \"high Inverted U-shape\" TyG trajectory was significantly associated with T2DM (aHR: 2.37, 95% CI: 2.21-2.54). Additionally, the TyG index outperformed FBG in predicting T2DM at both 5 and 10 years (5-year AUC: 0.640 vs. 0.621, P = 0.003; 10-year AUC: 0.655 vs. 0.592, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the clinical value of the TyG index as a predictive marker for T2DM in PWH, suggesting its potential for early risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004335
Qingting Liu, Li Jin, Yong Qing, Zhen Rang, Fan Cui
{"title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced goblet cell apoptosis might contribute to intestinal barrier damage in asymptomatic people living with HIV.","authors":"Qingting Liu, Li Jin, Yong Qing, Zhen Rang, Fan Cui","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related apoptotic signaling pathways in intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in asymptomatic people living with HIV (PLWH), with a specific focus on goblet cell apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A comparative study of intestinal barrier damage in asymptomatic PLWH and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 15 asymptomatic PLWH and 15 healthy controls underwent colonoscopy, during which distal colonic mucosal biopsies were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate mucosal histopathology. Goblet cell apoptosis was assessed via TUNEL staining and immunofluorescence. Western blotting was performed to quantify the expression of ERS-related proteins including GRP78, p-IRE1, PERK, ATF6, CHOP, and JNK.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to healthy controls, asymptomatic PLWH showed significant inflammatory changes in intestinal mucosa, characterized by epithelial cell shedding, reduced gland density, and inflammatory cell infiltration (P < 0.0001). Goblet cell apoptosis was significantly increased in asymptomatic PLWH group (P = 0.0081). Expression levels of ERS-related proteins GRP78, p-IRE1, PERK, ATF6, CHOP, and JNK were markedly elevated in asymptomatic PLWH group (all P < 0.01). These proteins were positively correlated with goblet cell apoptosis and negatively correlated with CD4+ T cell counts. Moreover, significant correlations were observed among key components of the ERS-related signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ERS-induced apoptotic signaling pathways are likely involved in intestinal goblet cell apoptosis and mucosal barrier dysfunction in asymptomatic PLWH. These findings provide mechanistic insight into early gut pathology associated with HIV and suggest potential therapeutic targets for preserving intestinal integrity and immune homeostasis in affected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004344
Rongxing Weng, Jisoo A Kwon, Mo Hammoud, Brent Clifton, Nick Scott, Skye Mcgregor, Richard T Gray
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men in Australia.","authors":"Rongxing Weng, Jisoo A Kwon, Mo Hammoud, Brent Clifton, Nick Scott, Skye Mcgregor, Richard T Gray","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Government-imposed physical distancing restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted biobehavioral HIV prevention practices and access to healthcare services. This study aimed to use a mathematical model to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men in Australia, using empirical data.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective modeling study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a mathematical model to estimate monthly HIV incidence between January 2020 and August 2022. We obtained aggregated monthly data for sexual partners, condom use, HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, and migration. Three scenarios were simulated: 1) a COVID-19 scenario; 2) a no COVID-19 scenario where input parameters remained at pre-COVID-19 values; and 3) a no COVID-19 scenario with continued PrEP scale-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the absence of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1,263 (95% Percentile Interval (PI): 880-1,706) infections would have occurred between January 2020 and August 2022 compared to 915 (95% PI: 638-1,282) for the COVID-19 scenario (a 27.6% reduction). Reduced sexual partners was the leading factor contributing to the change in HIV infections and diagnoses (-24.9% and -10.6%, respectively). MSM aged ≥50 years had a larger reduction (31.0%) in new HIV infections than their younger counterparts (19.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A substantial reduction in new HIV infections and diagnoses in Australia occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, largely due to decreased numbers of sexual partners. This reduction underscores the need for sustained public health strategies leveraging reduced transmission rates to continue progress towards eliminating HIV in Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing clinical outcomes of antibiotics for treating mycobacterium avium complex infection in adults with HIV: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Orarik Asuphon, Kansak Boonpattharatthiti, Natnicha Rattanachaisit, Apirath Wangteeraprasert, Teerapon Dhippayom","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to identify the comparative effects of different drug regimens in treating MAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and EBSCO Open Dissertations were searched in September 2023. We included randomized controlled trials in people with HIV and MAC infection that compared any regimens and reported culture- conversion results. Antibiotic regimens were classified as azithromycin plus ethambutol (AZI+E); clarithromycin plus clofazimine (CLA+CLO); clarithromycin plus ethambutol (CLA+E); clarithromycin plus ethambutol and clofazimine (CLA+E+CLO); clarithromycin plus ethambutol and rifampicin/rifabutin (CLA+E+R); clarithromycin plus rifampicin/rifabutin (CLA+R); clofazimine plus ethambutol (CLO+E); and clofazimine plus ethambutol and rifampicin/rifabutin (CLO+E+R). Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using a random-effects model. The effects of treatment regimens were ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of 3,611 articles identified, 12 met (n = 2,987) the eligibility criteria. The following regimens showed higher culture-conversion outcomes (RR [95%CI]) compared to CLA+E: CLA+CLO (1.15 [0.73,1.81]), CLA+E+R (1.09 [0.80,1.47]), CLA+E+CLO (1.01 [0.69,1.46]), CLA+R [0.97 (0.56,1.70]), AZI+E (0.82 [0.60,1.13]), CLO+E+R (0.44 [0.25,0.77]), CLO+E (0.37 [0.19,0.72]). The SUCRA of CLA+CLO (80.9%) aligns with its highest comparative efficacy. The RR of culture conversion to negative was higher in ARV-treated patients. Adverse events were similar across regimens, except for a higher risk with CLO+E+R compared to CLA+CLO (7.21 [1.22-42.64]).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Clarithromycin-based regimens remain the treatment of choice for MAC in people with HIV. Although clarithromycin plus clofazimine appears to be the most effective regimen, other clofazimine-based regimens should not be considered as the initial treatment choice. The effective ARV improving culture-conversion outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004337
Margot Annequin, Marion Mora, Raymond van Huizen, Aissatou Faye, Marion Fiorentino, Christel Protière, Michel Bourrelly, Gwenaëlle Maradan, Cyril Berenger, Florence Michard, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Anaenza Freire Maresca, Elisabeth Rouveix, Liam Bahlan, Marie Costa, David Michels, Laszlo Blanquart, Giovanna Rincon, Bruno Spire
{"title":"Structural factors associated with viral suppression among transgender women living with HIV in France.","authors":"Margot Annequin, Marion Mora, Raymond van Huizen, Aissatou Faye, Marion Fiorentino, Christel Protière, Michel Bourrelly, Gwenaëlle Maradan, Cyril Berenger, Florence Michard, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Anaenza Freire Maresca, Elisabeth Rouveix, Liam Bahlan, Marie Costa, David Michels, Laszlo Blanquart, Giovanna Rincon, Bruno Spire","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004337","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>France provides universal health coverage to all residents, including undocumented migrants. Most transgender women with HIV (TWH) in France are migrants from Latin America. This study aimed to describe the rate of viral suppression among TWH in France and identify structural factors influencing this outcome.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Trans&HIV is a French, nationwide, cross-sectional, retrospective life-event survey and community-based research study conducted between August 2020 and June 2022. Community-based interviewers recruited and administered questionnaires to 536 TWH in 36 different HIV care units.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We calculated the rate of viral suppression in TWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 1 year using data from medical records, and identified associated structural factors, adjusting for clinical factors, using Firth's penalized logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 506 participants with complete data, 86% were non-French nationals, most (83%) were born in Latin America. Thirty percent of participants were undocumented and 75% did not have gender-concordant identity documents. Eighty-eight percent ( N = 486) had achieved viral suppression. After adjustment for clinical factors, structural factors negatively associated with viral suppression included a lack of healthcare coverage [aOR = 3.32, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.23-8.66] and not having gender-concordant identity documents [aOR = 2.05, 95% CI (1.00-4.64)]. TWH receiving state medical assistance for undocumented migrants had similar viral suppression levels to those with general public health insurance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although TWH in France have a high rate of viral suppression, barriers to comprehensive health and social inclusion persist, particularly access to healthcare coverage and legal recognition of their self-identified gender. Addressing these structural obstacles through inclusive policies is essential to improve health outcomes for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004339
Cathia Soulié, Aliou Baldé, Djeneba Fofana, Charlotte Charpentier, Pascale Bonnafous, Justine Sourice, Anne De Monte, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel, Hélène Le Guillou-Guillemette, Laurence Bocket, Stéphanie Raymond, Stéphanie Marque Juillet, Mary-Anne Trabaud, Brigitte Montes, Anne Maillard, Cedric Hartard, Elodie Alessandri-Gradt, Etienne Brochot, Anne Signori-Schmuck, Lambert Assoumou, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
{"title":"No evidence of an effect of the M184I/V on the doravirine/lamivudine/tenofovir switch efficacy in people living with HIV.","authors":"Cathia Soulié, Aliou Baldé, Djeneba Fofana, Charlotte Charpentier, Pascale Bonnafous, Justine Sourice, Anne De Monte, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel, Hélène Le Guillou-Guillemette, Laurence Bocket, Stéphanie Raymond, Stéphanie Marque Juillet, Mary-Anne Trabaud, Brigitte Montes, Anne Maillard, Cedric Hartard, Elodie Alessandri-Gradt, Etienne Brochot, Anne Signori-Schmuck, Lambert Assoumou, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The effect of the M184I/V mutation on the rate of virological failure (VF) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) with plasma HIV RNA viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL switching to a triple-therapy regimen of doravirine+lamivudine+ tenofovir or abacavir has not been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective national study of antiretroviral-experienced PLWHIV who were switched to a doravirine plus lamivudine and abacavir or tenofovir regimen in the context of maintenance (VL<50 copies/mL) was conducted. Virological failure (VF) was characterized by either two consecutive plasma viral loads (VL) ≥ 50 copies/mL or a single VL ≥ 200 copies/mL. Viral blip (VB) was defined as an isolated VL 50_200 copies/mL at any time up to month 6 after switching to the doravirine-containing regimen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 338 PLWHIV, doravirine was mainly associated with tenofovir+lamivudine (311/338, 92.0%). Of these, 45 had a M184I/V mutation before switching. VF at M6 was 14.0% and 17.8% in the absence and presence of M184I/V, respectively, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.409, 95%CI 0.574-10.113, p=0.21. The risk of VF at M6 was associated with the level of zenith plasma HIV VL, with an aOR of 1.646, 95% CI 1.163-2.328, p = 0.0049, per additional log10 unit. The proportion of VB at M6 was 2.4% and 6.7% in PLWHIV in the absence and presence of M184I/V, respectively, with an aOR of 0.818, 95%CI 0.187-3.587, p = 0.7897.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among PLWHIV with antiretroviral experience, there was no evidence that switching to doravirine + lamivudine plus tenofovir affected short-term treatment response in individuals harboring HIV M184I/V mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-04DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004330
Niyati Patel, Bryan Dulion, Itzel Lazcano, Qiuhu Shi, Anjali Sharma, Donald R Hoover, Michael T Yin, Todd T Brown, Ryan D Ross
{"title":"Antiretroviral-specific associations between bone hormonal changes and treatment induced weight gain.","authors":"Niyati Patel, Bryan Dulion, Itzel Lazcano, Qiuhu Shi, Anjali Sharma, Donald R Hoover, Michael T Yin, Todd T Brown, Ryan D Ross","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Weight gain is common in treatment naïve people with HIV (PWH) initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). The mechanisms driving this weight gain are unclear. The current study tested the hypothesis that bone-derived hormones are associated with weight gain with ART initiation and that the associations are antiretroviral (ARV) specific.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma samples were obtained from the Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally (ACTG) study A5260 s, in which treatment naïve PWH were initiated on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) plus either atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r), darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), or raltegravir (RAL). Plasma levels of bone-derived hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOCN), lipocalin-2 (NGAL), and sclerostin and body weight were measured at baseline and 48-weeks after ART initiation. The associations between change in bone-derived hormones and weight with ART initiation were assessed using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, baseline viral load, and CD4 cell count change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increases in ucOCN and decreases in NGAL were associated with weight change in PWH initiating ART. Sclerostin was not associated with weight change. When assessed as a function of ART, both ucOCN and NGAL were associated with weight for participants initiating RAL-based ART, but not ATV/r or DRV/r. After adjustment, the association between ucOCN and weight was no longer significant, while the association with NGAL remained statistically significant in RAL recipients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests links between bone-derived hormones and ART induced weight gain in PWH and demonstrates that this relationship is influenced by specific antiretrovirals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-04DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004329
Derek D Satre, Varada Sarovar, Tory Levine, Stacey Alexeeff, Alexandra Lea, Stacy A Sterling, Amy C Justice, Jodie L Guest, Jonathan A C Sterne, Suzanne M Ingle, Adam Trickey, Matthias Cavassini, Michael S Saag, Heidi M Crane, Enrico Girardi, Inma Jarrin, M John Gill, Linda Wittkop, Marc van der Valk, Roger D Kouyos, Robert Zangerle, Michael J Silverberg
{"title":"The relationship of smoking and unhealthy alcohol use to HIV care retention and viral suppression: findings from a multi-site cohort study.","authors":"Derek D Satre, Varada Sarovar, Tory Levine, Stacey Alexeeff, Alexandra Lea, Stacy A Sterling, Amy C Justice, Jodie L Guest, Jonathan A C Sterne, Suzanne M Ingle, Adam Trickey, Matthias Cavassini, Michael S Saag, Heidi M Crane, Enrico Girardi, Inma Jarrin, M John Gill, Linda Wittkop, Marc van der Valk, Roger D Kouyos, Robert Zangerle, Michael J Silverberg","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Tobacco smoking and alcohol use may negatively influence HIV care, but associations have not been examined across cohorts.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Multisite international collaboration of cohort studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>People with HIV (PWH) were included from 11 cohorts; 5 North American and 6 Western European. Exposures were harmonized smoking and alcohol measures (2010-2018). Loss to care was defined as not having 2+ HIV care visits (HIV RNA and/or CD4 measurement dates) at least 60 days apart, within 12 months following alcohol measure date; HIV viral non-suppression was defined as >200 copies/mL. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) with modified Poisson regression, pooled effect estimates by random-effect meta-analysis, and variability (I2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 83,102 PWH (87.4% male, 46.1% white); 43.7% currently smoked, 44.5% reported low/moderate drinking, 6.9% heavy drinking, 48.6% did not drink. PWH who currently smoked had higher risk of loss to care than non-smoking PWH (pooled PR [95% CI]=1.12 [1.08-1.16], I2 = 18.1%); those with heavy drinking had higher risk than those with low/moderate drinking (1.13 [1.03-1.25], I2 = 57.8%). PWH who currently smoked had higher risk of viral non-suppression than non-smoking PWH (1.44 [1.25-1.67], I2 = 90.6%); those reporting heavy drinking had higher risk than those with low/moderate drinking (pooled PR [95% CI]=1.18 [1.02-1.37], I2 = 68.9%). PWH who reported heavy drinking and current smoking, in comparison to low/moderate alcohol use but no current smoking, had highest risk of viral non-suppression (pooled PR [95% CI] =1.74 [1.37-2.22]), I2 = 81.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking and unhealthy alcohol use were associated with HIV loss to care and viral non-suppression, with variability between cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIDSPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-31DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004262
James E Egan, Sharon L Hillier, Ann K Avery, M Reuel Friedman
{"title":"The great mismatch: unfulfilled promise of biomedical HIV prevention.","authors":"James E Egan, Sharon L Hillier, Ann K Avery, M Reuel Friedman","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004262","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 11","pages":"1658-1660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}