AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Proteinuria and albuminuria among a global primary cardiovascular disease prevention cohort of people with HIV.","authors":"Edgar T Overton, Amy Kantor, Kathleen V Fitch, Mosepele Mosepele, Judith A Aberg, Carl J Fichtenbaum, Grace A McComsey, Carlos Malvestutto, Michael T Lu, Eugenia Negredo, Jose Bernardino, Aubri B Hickman, Pamela S Douglas, Steven K Grinspoon, Markella Zanni, Heather Ribaudo, Christina Wyatt","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004016","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine baseline prevalence of proteinuria and albuminuria among participants from the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) and evaluate associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross sectional analysis of a baseline sample of participants from the REPRIEVE Trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>REPRIEVE is an international primary cardiovascular prevention randomized controlled trial (RCT) of pitavastatin calcium vs. placebo among people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). A representative subset (2791 participants) had urine collected at study entry. Urine protein to creatinine ratios (uPCR) and albumin to creatinine ratios (uACR) were classified as normal, moderately increased and severely increased. These were dichotomized to Normal or Abnormal for log-binomial regression analysis. Demographic, cardiometabolic, and HIV-specific data were compared among those with normal versus abnormal results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, median age 49 years, 41% female sex, 47% black or African American race, 36% had estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 90 ml/min/1.73 mm 2 . For uPCR, 27% had moderately or severely increased values. For uACR, 9% had moderately or severely increased values. In the fully adjusted model for proteinuria, female sex, older age, residence in sub-Saharan Africa or East Asia, lower BMI, lower CD4 + cell count, and use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) were associated with abnormal values. In the fully adjusted model for albuminuria, a diagnosis of hypertension (HTN) was associated with abnormal values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal proteinuria and albuminuria remain common (27 and 9%) despite controlled HIV. Lower current CD4 + count and TDF use were strongly associated with proteinuria. Certain modifiable comorbidities, including HTN and smoking, were associated with abnormal values. In PWH with preserved eGFR, urine measures identify subclinical kidney disease and afford the opportunity for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11624062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142278968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food insecurity likely contributes to frailty in people with HIV.","authors":"Nicholas Funderburg","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"93-94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REPRIEVE informs on kidney disease in people with HIV.","authors":"Giovanni Guaraldi, Dean L Winslow, Paolo Raggi","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"91-92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of weight gain and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on liver fibrosis progression and regression in people with HIV: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/01.aids.0001096016.93176.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0001096016.93176.39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of a policy to prioritize populations with expected healthcare barriers for subsidized preexposure prophylaxis care in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.","authors":"Eline Wijstma, Vita W Jongen, Anders Boyd, Henry J C de Vries, Maarten F Schim van der Loeff, Maria Prins, Elske Hoornenborg","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004027","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Dutch HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) pilot provided subsidized PrEP care to maximum 2900 individuals at a time in Amsterdam. Populations with expected barriers to accessing PrEP elsewhere were prioritized for program inclusion. We evaluated their prior sexual health service engagement and PrEP need.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis using enrolment data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included individuals ever enrolled in the PrEP program at the Center for Sexual Health (CSH) Amsterdam between 2019 and 2023. We calculated the proportion belonging to higher-priority groups (i.e., <25 years old, transgender, sex worker, uninsured or migrant). We defined classes of sexual health service engagement in the 12 months preceding enrolment using latent class analysis (LCA). We compared engagement classes, sexual behavior and positivity of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STI) between higher- and lower-priority groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>2004/4075 (49%) individuals enrolled belonged to higher-priority groups. LCA showed three classes of prior engagement: \"newly engaged\" (14%, n  = 551) were new to the CSH-Amsterdam; \"PrEP initiators\" (40%, n  = 1642) previously visited the CSH-Amsterdam but had not used PrEP; \"PrEP experienced\" individuals (46%, n  = 1882) previously accessed PrEP. Higher-priority groups were more often \"newly engaged\" or \"PrEP-initiators\" than \"PrEP-experienced\". Higher-priority groups less often had condomless anal sex with casual partners or chemsex in the prior 6 months. Positivity of bacterial STI was similar between higher-priority ( n  = 300/2004, 15.0%) and lower-priority ( n  = 315/2071, 15.2%) groups. 13/14 HIV diagnoses at enrolment were in higher-priority groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher-priority populations had less often previously used sexual health services and accounted for most new HIV diagnoses at enrolment. Engaging these populations in sexual healthcare, including PrEP, should be stressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between HIV and reading performance for children in Tanzania.","authors":"Silvia Bonacina, Jonathan D Lichtenstein, Christopher E Niemczak, Albert Magohe, Abigail Fellows, Trent Nicol, Enica Massawe, Nina Kraus, Jay C Buckey","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004020","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Children with HIV (CWH) are at increased risk for cognitive and developmental delays, although HIV's influence on reading development remains unclear. Research using internationally validated reading measures with control for factors known to influence literacy outcomes is needed. The Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA) is a tool for assessing students' progress toward reading that has been validated across countries. It was administered to a cohort of children living with and without HIV (CWH/CWOH) and data on other factors that might affect literacy were also measured.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>388 children [217 children without HIV (CWOH) and 171 CWH; ages 3-8] drawn from a longitudinal study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania completed the EGRA. EGRA performance between CWH and CWOH was compared adjusting for age, socioeconomic status, years of education, English learning, and type of school (public or private).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite the biological and environmental confounders, CWH performed significantly worse than CWOH on the Letter Name Knowledge subtest, the Syllable subtest, the Non-Word subtest, and the Reading Comprehension subtest. The difference approached significance for the Oral Reading Fluency subtest.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CWH performed worse than CWOH on the EGRA, indicating literacy skill development in CWH needs early intervention. Longitudinal analyses, including electrophysiological and behavioral data, are needed to find the factors associated with poor reading and literacy performance in CWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal diseases are not in the radar of main international HIV conferences.","authors":"Anderson A A do Nascimento, Alessandro C Pasqualotto","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"99-100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytokine trajectory over time in men and women with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy.","authors":"Christophe Vanpouille, Alan Wells, Victor DeGruttola, Miranda Lynch, Xinlian Zhang, Wendy Fitzgerald, Xin Tu, Antoine Chaillon, Alan Landay, Kathleen M Weber, Eileen Scully, Jonathan Karn, Sara Gianella","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004033","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication and reduces inflammation, it does not lead to the normalization of cytokines. The long-term effects of ART beyond viral suppression have not been studied and are mostly limited to cross-sectional research.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The impact of long-term ART on the trajectory of 40 cytokines/chemokines in 31 men and 59 women who maintained viral suppression over a median period of 6 years (317 visits ranging from 24 to 384 weeks post ART initiation) were measured by Luminex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a generalized additive model with a Gaussian distribution and identity link function to model concentrations over time and investigate sex and race differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While most cytokine/chemokine trajectories remained stable, the trajectory of nine markers of monocyte/macrophage activation (IP-10, I-TAC, MIG, sCD163, sCD14, MCP-1, MIP-3β, CXCL13, TNF-α) decreased over time (adj. P < 0.05). Despite continuous viral suppression, M-CSF, IL-15, and LBP increased over time (adj. P < 0.05). sCD14 was the only cytokine whose trajectory differed by sex (adj. P = 0.033). Overall, women had lower mean levels of IL-18 but higher levels of sCD14 than did men (adj. P < 0.05). GROα, LBP, and sCD14 showed significant differences between races (adj. P < 0.05). No association between cytokines and cellular HIV DNA/RNA was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study reveals a continuous decline in markers of monocyte/macrophage activation over 6 years of suppressive ART, indicating that long-term treatment may mitigate inflammaging and cardiovascular-related outcomes. The higher levels of sCD14 observed in women are consistent with them having greater innate immune activation than men do.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proviral HIV DNA sequencing to inform suitability for long-acting injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine.","authors":"Jasmini Alagaratnam, Niall Kelly, Simon Dustan, Nadia Naous, Modest Nwanbila, Ruth Byrne, Nicolo Girometti, David Asboe, Graham P Taylor, Marta Boffito","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004040","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasingly, people attending HIV services are requesting long-acting injectable (LAI) antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, without HIV RNA resistance-associated mutation results, individuals are considered unsuitable for LAI ART. We present our experience of sequencing proviral HIV DNA in 30 individuals to inform suitability for LAI ART, of whom 23 were considered suitable. In conclusion, optimization of diagnostic tools such as proviral HIV DNA sequencing to confirm suitability for LAI ART would be a welcome addition.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"95-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A note of thanks to our reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/01.aids.0001096020.49233.db","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0001096020.49233.db","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 1","pages":"101-102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}