AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of overdose and socio-structural factors on recent mortality among people with HIV in British Columbia, Canada.","authors":"Clara Tam, Wendy Zhang, David Moore, Kate Salters, Jason Trigg, Tim Wesseling, Surita Parashar, Taylor McLinden, Paul Sereda, Patrick McDougall, Matthew Moher, Julio S G Montaner, Robert Hogg, Rolando Barrios","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004158","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We characterized sociodemographic and behavioural factors associated with mortality among people with HIV (PWH) in British Columbia, Canada.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We used purposive sampling to recruit a representative cohort of PWH aged at least 19 years from January 2016 to September 2018. Participants completed a survey and consented to link their data with the BC Vital Statistics Agency, where deaths were recorded.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted bivariate analyses to compare characteristics between participants who died with those alive as of September 2021. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to examine factors associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As of September 2021, 71 (11%) of 644 participants died. The most common specified cause of death was due to overdose ( n  = 14, 19.7%). A higher proportion of individuals who died had been incarcerated (52.1 vs. 33.3%; P  = 0.002), reported recent homelessness (28.2 vs. 12.6%; P  < 0.001) and recent injection drug use (32.4 vs. 19%; P  = 0.009), compared to those alive at the end of follow-up. Age at least 60 [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 3.80, 95% confidence interval (95% CI 1.55-9.34], and experiencing homelessness in the last 12 months prior to enrolment (aHR 2.01, 95% CI 1.18-3.61) were associated with an increased hazard of death, while identifying as gay or lesbian (aHR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.77), and having greater social support (aHR 0.88 per 10-unit score increase, 95% CI 0.81-0.96) were protective.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over 6 years of follow-up, more than 10% of our cohort died, with overdose being the most commonly reported cause of death. PWH with higher social support, however, had a lower risk of death in BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1055-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of increased uptake of long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy on HIV incidence and viral suppression in the United States under 2021 FDA guidelines.","authors":"Alex Viguerie, Jesse O'Shea, Marie Johnston, Daniel Schreiber, Joella Adams, Laurel Bates, Justin Carrico, Katherine A Hicks, Cynthia M Lyles, Paul G Farnham","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004144","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the impact of increased long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy [cabotegravir-rilpivirine (CAB/RPV)] use among persons with diagnosed HIV (PWDH) with viral suppression (VLS), per 2021 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines, on HIV incidence and levels of VLS in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the HOPE compartmental model to simulate CAB/RPV use during 2023-2035. We first simulated a baseline scenario (no CAB/RPV), in which 69% of PWDH had VLS. We then introduced CAB/RPV in 2023 under two scenarios: where CAB/RPV improved the duration of VLS postcessation of ART use compared to oral ART; where CAB/RPV additionally improved adherence. We compared cumulative 2023-2035 incidence and percentage of PWDH with VLS at year-end 2035 to baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When CAB/RPV increased the duration of VLS only, cumulative incidence was reduced up to 9%, and VLS increased up to 4%. When CAB/RPV also improved ART adherence, incidence was reduced up to 19.5%, and VLS increased up to 9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAB/RPV, even if only used among PWDH with VLS, may reduce HIV incidence and increase VLS, due to longer-lasting VLS postcessation of usage. If CAB/RPV also improves ART adherence, incidence is further reduced. Improved clinical efficacy of CAB/RPV may translate to improved population-level outcomes, even in limited use cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1024-1031"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary effusion lymphoma in people with and without HIV infection in the United States.","authors":"Karena D Volesky-Avellaneda, Qianlai Luo, Ramya Ramaswami, Kathryn Lurain, Joo Y Song, Marie-Josèphe Horner, Colby Cohen, Meredith S Shiels, Eric A Engels","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004154","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtype caused by Kaposi sarcoma (KS) herpesvirus. We describe PEL incidence and survival in people with HIV (PWH) and people without HIV in the United States.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study of PEL in people with and without HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PEL cases were identified in the HIV/AIDS Cancer Match (HACM) Study, a linkage of population-based cancer and HIV registries in 14 US regions. PEL incidence was examined using negative binomial regression and compared with the general population using a standardized incidence ratio. Survival was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 2001-2019, 53% of 174 PEL cases identified in HACM data were among PWH. PWH had >700-fold higher PEL incidence than the general population. Compared to PEL cases without HIV, PWH were younger (median age: 45 versus 78 years). Among PWH, prior KS was associated with 59-fold higher PEL incidence versus those without an AIDS diagnosis. PEL comprised 1.15% of the 8010 NHLs diagnosed among PWH in HACM during 2001-2019. HIV was not associated with mortality among PEL cases. Among PWH, Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma exhibited similar mortality to PEL but central nervous system lymphoma mortality was worse.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are two distinct subgroups of PEL cases in the US: younger patients with HIV and older patients without HIV. The proportion of PEL cases among PWH is highly disproportionate to the size of the HIV population, reflecting the greatly elevated incidence of PEL among PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1047-1054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between low skeletal muscle mass and lung function decline in people with HIV: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Katrine Munk, Moises Alberto Suarez-Zdunek, Rikke Krabek, Sebastian Rask Hamm, Louise Bering, Casper Simonsen, Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed, Andreas Fuchs, Lars Valeur Køber, Thomas Benfield, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Susanne D Nielsen, Andreas Dehlbæk Knudsen","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004172","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Low muscle mass and chronic lung disease are common among people with HIV (PWH), but whether low muscle mass is associated with a faster decline in lung function in this population remains unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of low muscle mass, and the association between low muscle mass and lung function decline in PWH.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective study on PWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was assessed with computed tomography and low muscle mass was defined as SMI below the lowest 5% of a healthy population. Lung function was measured as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) at baseline and 2-year follow-up. We used logistic regression to investigate potential risk factors for low muscle mass. Using linear mixed models, we investigated if low muscle mass was associated with a faster FEV 1 decline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 509 PWH, and 16% had low muscle mass. Older age, male sex, lower BMI, and high concentrations of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were associated with low muscle mass. Low muscle mass was not associated with a faster FEV 1 decline (35.9 versus 34.0 ml/year in PWH with and without low muscle mass, respectively; P  = 0.69).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Almost one in six PWH had low muscle mass, mirroring the general population. Traditional risk factors and inflammatory markers were associated with low muscle mass. We found no association between low muscle mass and a faster FEV 1 decline among PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1005-1013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune biomarkers as predictors of neurodevelopment in young children exposed to HIV.","authors":"Wei Li, Ashley Egler, Eren Oyungu, Ziyi Yang, Huiping Xu, Jeong Hoon Jang, Megan S McHenry, Qigui Yu, Alka Khaitan","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004162","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Higher inflammation and lower neurodevelopmental outcomes have been reported in children exposed to HIV but uninfected (CHEU) compared to children unexposed to HIV (CHU) during infancy, but whether these differences persist in early childhood is unclear. We assessed pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers and their associations with neurodevelopmental outcomes in CHEU and CHU aged 18-36 months.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study of 45 CHEU and 36 CHU aged 18-36 months enrolled in Eldoret, Kenya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma levels of 65 cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and soluble receptors, and 16 soluble immune checkpoints (ICPs) were quantified using multiplex immunoassays. Monocyte activation (sCD14, sCD163) and endothelial activation (CD146, ICAM-1, VCAM-1) plasma levels were measured by ELISAs. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed using the culturally adapted developmental assessment of cognition, language, and motor function. Predictors of neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed using Bayesian Model Averaging of the linear regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CHEU exhibited lower levels of several chemokine and growth factors and four inflammatory cytokines compared to CHU: A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) ( P  = 0.03), IL-12p70 ( P  < 0.001), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ( P  = 0.002), and Tweak ( P  = 0.003). Conversely, two soluble ICPs, CD40 ( P  = 0.02) and TIM3 ( P  = 0.001), were higher in CHEU compared to CHU. IL-22 and SDF-1α emerged as the strongest predictors of neurodevelopment in CHEU and CHU, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In early childhood, CHEU exhibited an immunosuppressive rather than inflammatory biomarker profile. Immune biomarkers more frequently predicted neurodevelopmental outcomes than social and demographic factors, and the predictors of cognitive, motor, and language outcomes differed between CHU and CHEU. Further research is necessary to explore the connection between childhood neurodevelopment and immune biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"935-945"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing HIV teams sustainably improves HIV indicator condition testing rates in hospitals in the Netherlands: the #aware.hiv clinical trial.","authors":"Carlijn C E Jordans, Klaske Vliegenthart-Jongbloed, Kara K Osbak, Jaap L J Hanssen, Jan van Beek, Marion Vriesde, Natasja van Holten, Willemien Dorama, Dorien van der Sluis, Jurriaan de Steenwinkel, Jeroen van Kampen, Annelies Verbon, Anna H E Roukens, Casper Rokx","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004167","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Develop and validate a strategy to improve HIV testing rates using HIV teams.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective clinical trial was conducted from January 2020 to July 2023 in two Dutch university hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The intervention involved implementing HIV teams to provide peer awareness, education, and feedback to physicians treating patients ≥18 years newly diagnosed with HIV indicator conditions. The primary outcome was the HIV testing rate. Secondary outcomes included testing rates by specialty, HIV prevalence, and reasons for withholding testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 313 666 newly registered diagnoses, 2395 involved indicator conditions. The overall HIV testing rate of newly diagnosed HIV indicator conditions increased from 50.1% (222/443) preimplementation to 80.7% (1575/1952) postimplementation of HIV teams ( P  < 0.001) with sustained improvement during the observation period (range 72.4-90.4%). The intervention was effective across physicians from all medical specialties. HIV prevalence among those tested was 0.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3-1.1]. Peer feedback for 411 untested indicator conditions, resulted in 69 (16.3%) additional HIV tests. Failure to test frequently remained without reason (50.6%) or due to patient loss of follow-up (18.4%). Multivariate analysis indicated that women with indicator conditions were tested less often [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.59, 95% CI 0.45-0.79, P  < 0.01], and indicator conditions without HIV testing recommendations in national guidelines were also less likely to be tested for HIV (aOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.27-0.48, P  < 0.01). For external validation, we implemented this intervention in a second hospital, where it also significantly increased the testing rate postimplementation of HIV teams.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementing HIV teams in hospitals is feasible, effective and leads to a sustained increase in HIV indicator condition-guided testing, supporting its broader adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"995-1004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalization incidence among young children with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa.","authors":"Kim Anderson, Brian S Eley, Helena Rabie, Rudzani Muloiwa, James Nuttall, Lisa Frigati, David M Le Roux, Thandi Wessels, Jaco Murray, Vanessa Mudaly, Gayathri Sridhar, Leigh Ragone, Vani Vannappagari, Jonathan Euvrard, Andrew Boulle, Mary-Ann Davies","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004156","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies examining hospitalization among young children with HIV in resource-limited settings, in the context of early infant diagnosis and early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used routinely collected data to describe hospitalization patterns among children (age ≤5 years), born 2018-2022, who were diagnosed with HIV (Western Cape province, South Africa). We used mixed-effects Poisson models to examine factors associated with overall hospitalization and hospitalization after ART initiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 2219 children, 30% were diagnosed with HIV at birth (≤7 days), an additional 41% before age 1 year, and 29% at age ≥1 year. Median follow-up from birth was 38 months (interquartile range 24-50). Overall, 67% of children were hospitalized, of whom 50% had >1 hospitalization. Excluding birth admissions, 35% of children were hospitalized before ART start ( n  = 781/2219). Among children who started ART, 38% ( n  = 747/1990) had admissions after ART start. Compared to children diagnosed with HIV at birth, overall hospitalization rates (excluding birth admissions) increased by 67% [95% confidence interval (CI): 39-101], 74% (95% CI: 45-109) and 29% (95% CI: 9-51%) among those diagnosed at age 1 week to 3 months, >3 to 9 months, and >9 months, respectively. Hospitalization rates after ART start were twice as high (103% increase; 95% CI: 68-146%) among children who had unsuppressed viral load (≥1000 copies/ml) at 4 or 12 months after ART start.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High hospitalization rates occur among young children with HIV. Earlier HIV diagnosis, enabling earlier ART initiation, is associated with lower overall hospitalization rates. Unsuppressed viral load is associated with higher post-ART hospitalization rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1065-1073"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal adiposity is negatively associated with physical function among people with HIV.","authors":"Vitor H F Oliveira, Amanda L Willig, Christine Horvat Davey, Thomas W Buford, Dustin M Long, John D Cleveland, Prema Menezes, Edward Cachay, Heidi M Crane, Greer A Burkholder, Barbara M Gripshover, Julia G Fleming, Mari Katundu, Michael S Saag, Allison R Webel","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004168","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI), abdominal adiposity, handgrip strength and physical function in people with HIV (PWH), and to explore the potential influence of physical activity and diet on this relationship.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PROSPER-HIV Study was conducted at four clinical sites across the United States. Eligible participants were on antiretroviral therapy and had a viral load less than 200 copies/ml. Measures included: handgrip strength; physical function, assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB); BMI; abdominal adiposity, estimated using waist circumference; physical activity levels, measured using accelerometers; and diet quality, measured using triple-pass 24-h recalls. Data were analyzed using quantile regression between covariates and median of the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among PWH [ n  = 409, 59 years old (51.0-65.0), 76.5% male], 71.4% were overweight or obese, 72.4% had high waist circumference, 12.7% had low handgrip strength, and 11.5% had low SPPB. After controlling for age and sex, there was a negative association between SPPB and waist circumference ( β  = -0.011, P  = 0.02). When physical activity and diet variables were considered in the model, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and step count were significant ( P  < 0.05) and influenced the relationship between waist circumference and SPPB. Although there was a moderate negative correlation between waist circumference and SPPB for the lowest quartiles of MVPA and steps, this correlation weakens as the activity levels increase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased abdominal adiposity is associated with poorer physical function among PWH. Participants with higher MVPA and steps presented higher physical function even in the presence of high waist circumference.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"986-994"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased frequency of Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells is associated with disease progression during HIV infection.","authors":"Leidan Zhang, Hongxin Zhao, Na Chen, Xinyue Wang, Juan Du, Di Wang, Ying Liu, Yuqing Wei, Mengyuan Zhang, Meiju Deng, Meiqing Jiang, Yaxian Kong","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004185","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Recent years have witnessed unprecedented strides in comprehending non-CD4 regulatory T cells (Tregs), such as CD8 + Tregs and double-negative T cells (DNT cells), and their role in sustaining immune tolerance and restricting immune activation. This study investigates the role of Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells during HIV infection and assess the markers associated with CD4 + Tregs.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was designed as a cross-sectional cohort study, comprising 21 age-matched healthy controls, 122 treatment-naive participants, and 60 people with HIV (PWH) receiving successful treatment (antiretroviral therapies, ARTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The frequency of Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells was assessed alongside CD4 + Treg-associated markers and plasma inflammatory factor levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells were enriched in PWH with CD4 + T cell count less than 350 cells/μl and persisted after ART. Moreover, the Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells were correlated with CD4 + T cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and the parameters of activation and systematic inflammation in PWH. Moreover, Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells expressed different levels of Tregs related markers compared to CD4 + Tregs and Foxp3 + DNT cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Foxp3 + CD8 + T cells are associated with HIV disease progression and employ distinct mechanisms to exert their functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"946-956"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use and HIV among Black sexually minoritized men: a systematic review and narrative analysis.","authors":"Justin Knox, Christopher Magana, Dustin T Duncan, Cho-Hee Shrader, Allison Wilson, Sarah Keedy, Jade Pagkas-Bather, Yen-Tyng Chen, John A Schneider","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004149","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We conducted a systematic review evaluating the extant literature examining the impacts of cannabis use on HIV-related outcomes among Black sexual minoritized men (BSMM).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a search in November 2024 of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science using keywords related to BSMM, HIV, and cannabis. Study quality was assessed utilizing a tool developed for observational studies. One hundred eight unique articles were screened with 55 undergoing full-text review, and 20 met inclusion criteria. Results were synthesized and presented utilizing a narrative review process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 20 studies published between 1999 and 2024. Measures of cannabis use included any use (e.g., ever, past 30 days), daily/intermittent/heavy use, use before/during sex, and problematic use. Outcomes included HIV positivity/seroconversion, HIV Continuum of Care (CoC), PrEP CoC, and sex behavior strengths, vulnerabilities, and assets. Study findings were generally mixed, however positive associations between cannabis use and HIV seroconversion, inconsistent condom use, being HIV-positive and unaware of one's serostatus, and suboptimal ART adherence were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review identified a growing literature on cannabis use and HIV among Black SMM. Conclusions that can be drawn from the evidence are limited. There is a critical need for studies that more rigorously measure cannabis use by considering contexts of cannabis use. In addition, there is a need for research that examines the pathways and mechanisms through which cannabis use may affect prevention and treatments outcomes related to HIV among Black SMM.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1032-1046"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}