AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Increase in heterosexual transmission of HIV in international Pacific Northwest region (United States and Canada).","authors":"Steven Erly, Danika Troupe, Jeff Capizzi, Rachel Amiya, Hannah M Baer, Sofia Bartlett, Jared Bartschi, Kirsty Bobrow, Robert Higgins, Lillian Manahan, Susan Nolt, Christa Smolarchuk, Justin Sorge, Jennifer Vines, Amy Zlot","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise in heterosexual syphilis transmission across North America has drawn attention to the risk of a comparable trend for HIV. After an increase in HIV diagnoses among individuals reporting only heterosexual contact in Washington state we coordinated with jurisdictions across the US-Canada border to analyze regional trends. In 2023, presumed heterosexual HIV diagnoses in the international Pacific Northwest increased by 70% vs. 2018-2023 with increases of 82% in Oregon and Washington.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 11","pages":"1666-1668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a climate-smart intervention on agriculture and nutrition of people with HIV.","authors":"Tammy M Nicastro, Adrienne Rain Mocello, Elly Weke, Elizabeth A Bukusi, Edward A Frongillo, Craig R Cohen, Sheri D Weiser, Suneetha Kadiyala, Helen A Harris-Fry","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004234","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate impacts of Shamba Maisha , a climate-smart agriculture intervention, on agricultural and nutrition outcomes of people with HIV.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Secondary analysis of a parallel, nonblinded cluster-randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Western Kenya.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Clusters were clinics providing HIV services to more than 350 patients. Participants were adults aged 18-60 years in a patient support group, receiving antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months, with access to land and water source, and moderate-to-severe food insecurity and/or BMI less than 18.5 kg/m 2 .</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>A market-rate loan (175 USD) for irrigation pump and agricultural inputs, and a series of training sessions on climate-smart agriculture and financial management. Trial registration: NCT02815579.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>Primary outcomes: dietary diversity (count of food groups/day) and crop diversity (count of crops/year). Secondary outcomes: low mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC <24.5 cm), value of agricultural production (1000 KSH/year), farmland use (hectares). Outcomes were assessed at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Analyses were by intention-to-treat.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between June 2016 and December 2017, 16 clinics were randomly allocated to intervention or control (1 : 1 ratio). Seven hundred and twenty participants were enrolled (366 intervention; 354 control), and 677 participants evaluated (344 intervention; 333 control). Relative to control, the intervention increased crop diversity {mean difference-in-difference: 1.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52, 2.32]} and value of agriculture production [3.9 (0.05, 7.73)], and reduced farmland use [-0.9 (-1.34, -0.42)]. There was no effect on diet diversity [-0.2 (-0.37, 0.03)] or MUAC (OR 0.76 [0.39, 1.45]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Climate-smart agriculture interventions can improve agricultural outcomes but may benefit from additional nutrition-sensitivity to improve nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1650-1655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and resistance patterns of Mycoplasma genitalium infection in people with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Rui Zhang, Sze Long Chung, Shui Shan Lee, Ngai Sze Wong","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004219","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of M. genitalium infection and understand the patterns of resistance associated mutations (resistance hereafter) in people with HIV (PWH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science to identify studies published as of December 31, 2023, reporting the prevalence of M. genitalium infection in PWH. The pooled prevalence of M. genitalium infection and its resistance was calculated using random-effect models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally 66 studies involving 22 763 PWH were included, with five studies reporting resistance. The overall pooled prevalence of M. genitalium infection in PWH was 12% [95% confidence interval (CI): 9-14], which differed across geographic regions ( P  < 0.01), with the highest observed in North America (20%, 95% CI: 10-32). The pooled prevalence was the highest in female sex workers (FSW) living with HIV (20%, 95% CI: 10-32), but without statistical difference between different population groups ( P  = 0.76). The pooled prevalence of macrolide resistance-mediating mutations (MRMMs), quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) mutations, and multidrug resistance with MRMMs and QRDRs mutations in PWH was 36% (95% CI: 5-77), 25% (95% CI: 8-47), and 20% (95% CI: 12-29), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of M. genitalium infection in PWH in this study was lower than HIV preexposure prophylaxis users and FSW, but higher than men who have sex with men in the community. There's substantial geographic variation in the prevalence of M. genitalium infection in PWH. The variability reflects differences in exposure risks as well as the testing/treatment strategies in place for sexually transmitted infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1598-1609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balanced HPV vaccination campaigns should include all sexes, genders before and after commencement of sexual activity.","authors":"Alejandro Rafael Gener","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 11","pages":"1661-1662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the PREVENT HF score and myocardial function among persons with HIV.","authors":"Allie R Walpert, Mansi Gupta, Carolyn N Dunderdale, Hanna H Haptu, Monica Manandhar, Christopher R deFilippi, Tricia H Burdo, Hang Lee, Raymond Y Kwong, Suman Srinivasa","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004252","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Persons with HIV (PWH) are at risk for myocardial structural changes, which can progress to diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We explored the AHA PREVENT HF (Predicting Risk of cardiovascular disease EVENTs for Heart Failure) risk score in relation to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 37 PWH on ART, ages 40-65, without known cardiovascular disease (CVD) who underwent CMR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The risk score was assessed using the AHA PREVENT HF calculator. Scores were correlated to variables on CMR that are known indicators of subclinical myocardial dysfunction [left atrial volume index (LAVI), global longitudinal strain (GLS), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI)] and inflammation [extracellular volume (ECV) and longitudinal relaxation (T1)].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PWH were age 55 (6) years [mean (SD)], predominantly male (76%) and white (57%) with BMI in the obese (≥30 kg/m 2 ) range: 31 (5) kg/m 2 . Median PREVENT HF score was 2.6 (1.4, 4.1)% [median (25th, 75th)]. The PREVENT HF score correlated to LAVI ( ρ  = 0.35, P  = 0.04), T1 ( ρ  = 0.35, P  = 0.04), interleukin (IL)-6 ( ρ  = 0.36, P  = 0.03) and NT-proBNP ( ρ  = 0.42, P  = 0.01). Risk scores were higher for those meeting clinical cutoffs LAVI >34 ml/m 2 and T1 ≥1250 ms. For predicting LAVI >34 ml/m 2 , a PREVENT HF score of 2.5 was the optimal cutoff [sensitivity 85%, specificity 65%, AUROC 0.769 ( P  < 0.05)]. In predicting T1 ≥1250 ms, a PREVENT HF score of 3.6 was the optimal cutoff [71% sensitivity, 95% specificity, AUROC 0.727 ( P  < 0.05)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PREVENT HF score related to indices of altered myocardial structure and inflammation among asymptomatic PWH with subclinical disease. These data begin to inform us about the utility of PREVENT HF score using radiographic findings, though more studies are needed among PWH to validate its use as a prediction tool.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>NCT02740179.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1592-1597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foetal growth in pregnant women with HIV.","authors":"Dhruv Darji, Shane Norris, Eric O Ohuma, Joris Hemelaar","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004294","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pregnant women with HIV (PWHIV) are at increased risk of delivering babies that are small for gestational age (SGA). We aimed to determine the foetal growth trajectories of PWHIV, compared to HIV-negative women.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective pregnancy cohort study in Soweto, South Africa, in 2013-2016.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serial ultrasound measurements (every 5 ± 1 weeks) of foetal head circumference, biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference and femur length were obtained from less than 14 weeks' gestation to term. Multivariable linear mixed effects models were used to estimate differences in mean foetal growth measures [head circumference, BPD, abdominal circumference and femur length, and estimated foetal weight (EFW)] and mean foetal growth velocity increments (head circumference, BPD, abdominal circumference, and femur length) according to maternal HIV status. Z -scores and centiles were calculated according to the INTERGROWTH-21 st standards for foetal growth. Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression was used to examine the association of maternal HIV infection with in-utero SGA (EFW <10 th centile) and very SGA (VSGA, EFW <3 rd centile).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultrasound measurements of 228 PWHIV and 384 HIV-negative pregnant women, with a median of five antenatal ultrasound scans per women, were analysed. There were no significant differences in mean foetal growth measures of head circumference [-0.37 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.46 to 0.72], BPD (0.07 mm, 95% CI -0.45 to 0.30), abdominal circumference (0.15 mm, 95% CI -1.47 to 1.17), femur length (0.04 mm, 95% CI -0.27 to 0.34) and EFW (1 g, 95% CI 0.98-1.02), and growth velocity increments for head circumference (-0.07 mm/week, 95% CI -0.24 to 0.10), BPD (-0.01 mm/week, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.04), abdominal circumference (0.19 mm/week, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.44) and femur length (0.00 mm/week, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.04) between foetuses of PWHIV and HIV-negative women. The prevalence of SGA ranged between 14.2% and 26.4% for PWHIV and between 18.5% and 24.1% for HIV-negative pregnant women during different gestation windows. There was no significant association between maternal HIV infection and in-utero SGA [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.90, 95% CI 0.54-1.52] or VSGA (aOR 1.16, 95% CI 0.55-1.54). A sensitivity analysis restricted to PWHIV who received efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) yielded results consistent with the overall analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Maternal HIV infection treated with ART does not appear to be associated with altered foetal growth, foetal growth velocity, or in-utero SGA, compared to HIV-negative women. Our findings support current international clinical guidelines recommending ART for PWHIV to improve maternal health and reduce vertical HIV transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1568-1579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment with anakinra for Mycobacterium genavense-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a person with AIDS.","authors":"Felix Villegas, Lucien Brasme, Isabelle Bonnet, Paul-Marie Suret, Maxime Hentzien, Firouzé Bani-Sadr","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":"39 11","pages":"1672-1673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of fecal and blood microbiota-related metabolites with gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes in HIV infection.","authors":"Chengyong Jia, Brandilyn A Peters, Mykhaylo Usyk, Zheng Wang, David B Hanna, Anjali Sharma, Kathryn Anastos, Robert C Kaplan, Robert D Burk, Qibin Qi","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004231","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Assess the relationships of gut microbiota (GMB)-related metabolites in feces and blood with GMB and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the context of HIV infection, the presence of which could disrupt host metabolism.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study among 111 women with HIV (WWH) and 56 women without HIV (WWOH) in the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured 62 targeted metabolites in both feces and plasma and examined their associations with GMB composition (243 species) and prevalent T2D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed 44 metabolites with detection rates ≥25% in both feces and plasma. Correlations between fecal and plasma metabolites were stronger in WWOH than in WWH (median r : 0.13 vs. 0.04). Fecal metabolites showed stronger correlations with GMB than plasma metabolites among all participants (median r [IQR] of measured vs. GMB-predicted metabolites: 0.24 [0.11, 0.33] vs. 0.08 [-0.03, 0.24]; P  = 0.002), and the difference in this comparison was more pronounced in WWOH compared to WWH. We found a moderate consistency for the associations of fecal and plasma metabolites with T2D in WWH ( r for effect sizes of fecal and plasma metabolites on T2D = 0.36; P  = 0.03), but not in WWOH ( r  = 0.13; P  = 0.45). Fecal and plasma kynurenate, a tryptophan catabolism metabolite, showed opposite associations with T2D, with a positive association for plasma (odds ratio (OR): 2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): [1.28-5.76]; P  = 0.01) and an inverse association for feces (0.59 [0.27-1.23]; P  = 0.18) in WWH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fecal metabolites are more strongly associated with GMB than plasma metabolites, especially among WWOH. HIV infection might also influence associations of fecal and plasma metabolites with T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1580-1591"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing HIV incidence in the Southern United States through routine opt-out HIV screening.","authors":"Deven T Hamilton, Karen W Hoover, Kevin P Delaney","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004237","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the potential contributions of routine opt-out testing (ROOT) in clinical settings and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) on achieving 'Ending the HIV Epidemic in the US' (EHE) incidence reduction goals in the South.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Simulation study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An agent-based epidemic projection model simulated adherence to the CDC's ROOT guidelines. Simulations were informed by literature reviews, the National Survey of Family Growth and ARTnet. Interventions included ROOT in Community Health Center (CHC) and emergency departments alone and in combination. PrEP was modeled as either persistent at 2019 levels or expanding consistent with historical trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ROOT in CHCs and emergency departments averted 13.9% (95% simulation interval: -15.5 to 42.4) of infections and increased the proportion of persons with HIV (PWH) who were aware of their status from 84.8 to 94.4% (95% simulation interval: 92.8-95.4). In conjunction with the ongoing expansion of PrEP, the proportion diagnosed increased from 84.8% at baseline to 95.1% (95% simulation interval: 93.9-96.4) and 23.3% (95% simulation interval: -7.9 to 50.6) of infections were averted, reducing the annual incidence rate by 42.4% compared to the baseline scenario.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our analysis, ROOT coupled with the ongoing expansion of PrEP averted almost a quarter of new infections over the 8 years from 2022 to 2030. While short of the overall EHE goal of 90%, it represents substantial potential progress for a low-cost and low-barrier intervention. ROOT also provides a method for identifying PWH who are undiagnosed both in and out of priority populations, those out of care, and individuals reluctant to seek screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1632-1640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of hyperlipidemia in people with HIV after starting HAART for 6 months.","authors":"Yi Ding, Jialu Li, Chengyu Gao, Lulu Xing, Rui Sun, Yifan Guo, Wenhao Lv, Jiantao Fu, Yining Zhao, Qinlan Li, Jiang Xiao, Fujie Zhang","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004244","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to use machine learning models to predict the risk of hyperlipidemia in people with HIV (PWH) for 6 months after starting HAART, to improve early intervention efforts and prevent further progression to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled HAART-naive individuals who visited the clinic at Beijing Ditan Hospital between January 2015 and January 2023. All clinical features were extracted from the electronic medical records. A classification prediction model was established based on various machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), to predict the risk of hyperlipidemia based on accuracy, positive-predictive value, negative-predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, precision-recall curve, and decision curve analyses were used to visually evaluate the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2479 participants (median age, 33 years) were included, of which 2380 (96.01%) were male and 99 (3.99%) were female. The LightGBM model performed the best among all the models in both the training and testing sets. This model performed well in the decision curve analysis (DCA), and baseline high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), baseline triglycerides, baseline viral load, age, albumin, monocyte count, baseline CD4 + cell count, uric acid level, lymphocyte count, and sex were the top 10 predictive risk factors for hyperlipidemia in PWH who started HAART treatment for 6 months, based on SHAP analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that the LightGBM model can effectively predict the risk of hyperlipidemia in PWH after starting HAART treatment for 6 months and reminded physicians closely to monitor serum lipid levels or the timely addition of lipid-lowering drugs, which helped prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases among PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1536-1544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}