V. R. Khashev, S. M. Grach, A. V. Shindin, E. N. Sergeev
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Plasma Line and Time Variation of the Stimulated Electromagnetic Emission of the Ionosphere in the 2018 Experiment at the Arecibo Heating Facility. 1. First Five Seconds of Pumping","authors":"V. R. Khashev, S. M. Grach, A. V. Shindin, E. N. Sergeev","doi":"10.1007/s11141-026-10434-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-026-10434-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the results of a study of high-frequency artificial ionospheric turbulence generated by the low-latitude heating facility at Arecibo Observatory (Puerto Rico, USA) on November 7–9, 2018, using incoherent scatter radar to measure the plasma line (PL) and stimulated (or secondary) electromagnetic emission from the ionosphere (SEE). The ionosphere was pumped by a high-power radio wave of ordinary polarization with effective radiation power <i>P</i><sub>eff</sub> ~ 100 MW emitted vertically upward at the pump wave (PW) frequency <i>f</i><sub>0</sub> = 5095 kHz. A comparison is made between spectra and dynamics of the PL and SEE during the first five seconds of pumping.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"68 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Vikharev, I. V. Zotova, A. E. Fedotov, N. S. Ginzburg, M. I. Yalandin
{"title":"High-Gradient Structures for Acceleration of Electrons by Short-Wave Pulses of Čerenkov Superradiance","authors":"A. A. Vikharev, I. V. Zotova, A. E. Fedotov, N. S. Ginzburg, M. I. Yalandin","doi":"10.1007/s11141-026-10436-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-026-10436-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We consider the possibility of accelerating electrons by subnanosecond pulses of short-wave millimeter- wavelength Čerenkov superradiance (SR) in accelerating cells (with a side-feeding perpendicular to the electron beam motion) using numerical simulation. Such systems are of greatest interest when electrons already have a large amount of energy. It was assumed that the electron energy at the input to the structure is 3 MeV, which can be supplied by forming the initial electron bunches based on photoinjector systems. The calculations were performed with allowance for the achieved parameters of 150 GHz SR pulses (peak power 80 MW and duration 180 ps), as well as considering the breakdown field values determined in previous accelerator experiments with about 38-GHz SR pulses. The possibility of achieving electron energies at a level of 5.0–5.5 MeV in compact systems with accelerator gradients significantly exceeding the values achieved with use of long-wave klystrons is shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"68 1","pages":"25 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. S. Abramov, S. V. Golubev, E. D. Gospodchikov, A. G. Shalashov, A. A. Perekalov, A. N. Nechay, N. I. Chkhalo
{"title":"Extreme Ultraviolet Light Source Based on Xenon Plasma: Fundamentals, Recent Results, and Prospects for Lithography","authors":"I. S. Abramov, S. V. Golubev, E. D. Gospodchikov, A. G. Shalashov, A. A. Perekalov, A. N. Nechay, N. I. Chkhalo","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10430-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10430-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper considers a laser discharge supported by an infrared laser in a jet of a heavy gas as a source of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation for lithography. It is shown theoretically and demonstrated in the experiment that the region occupied by the plasma emitting in the EUV wavelength range is much larger than the laser focal spot. Expansion of the emitting plasma beyond the laser focus is explained by the photoionization of the surrounding gas and subsequent heating of electrons by the heat flux from the energy deposition region due to thermal conductivity. The possibilities of optimizing the EUV radiation source based on the discharge under consideration are studied. Limiting parameters of the xenon plasma-based EUV radiation source intended for use in the Alpha Machine project are discussed. It is planned to create a demonstration EUV lithograph within the framework of the project. It is shown that the use of a xenon jet can provide efficiency at the level of the existing commercial sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"899 - 913"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. V. Sedov, S. N. Ryazantsev, I. Yu. Skobelev, S. S. Makarov
{"title":"Influence of an External Magnetic Field on Collimation of the Electrons Accelerated by a High-Intensity Femtosecond Laser Pulse","authors":"M. V. Sedov, S. N. Ryazantsev, I. Yu. Skobelev, S. S. Makarov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10429-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10429-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The advance in developing methods for generating super-strong magnetic fields (from several teslas to several and even tens of kiloteslas) opens up new possibilities for using them to control beams of charged particles. In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis and calculation of the influence of a super-intense external magnetic field (up to 100 kT) on the process of generating and collimating a laser plasma flow and fast electrons with energies exceeding 1 MeV, which are obtained due to the interaction of a laser pulse having the relativistic intensity and a femtosecond duration with a thin aluminum foil. The obtained analytical estimates of the electron beam collimation agree well with the results of computer calculations. Time evolution of the electron beam is also considered, and estimates of the electron charge loss over time as a function of the external magnetic field are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"890 - 898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. S. Vybin, I. S. Abramov, M. E. Viktorov, S. V. Golubev, E. D. Gospodchikov, I. V. Izotov, E. M. Kiselyova, A. V. Polyakov, V. A. Skalyga, D. M. Smagin, A. G. Shalashov
{"title":"Study of the Prospects of Application of the Electron-Cyclotron Resonance Discharge in Plasma Engines of Space Vehicles","authors":"S. S. Vybin, I. S. Abramov, M. E. Viktorov, S. V. Golubev, E. D. Gospodchikov, I. V. Izotov, E. M. Kiselyova, A. V. Polyakov, V. A. Skalyga, D. M. Smagin, A. G. Shalashov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10424-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10424-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the possibilities of developing electrodeless plasma jet engines on the basis of an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharge. The efficiency of using the working substance in the engine is achieved by increasing the speed of its outflow, which is determined by the maximum electron energy achievable in the ECR discharge. The work involved the measurement of the energy distribution function of the electrons emitted from a discharge maintained in a simple magnetic trap by high-power microwave radiation in the continuous-wave regime. A discharge combustion mode is discovered, which realizes a nonequilibrium electron energy distribution function characterized by the presence of a clearly expressed hot fraction with a characteristic energy of more than 100 keV<i>.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"856 - 860"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. V. Egorov, A. G. Eremeev, K. I. Rybakov, A. A. Sorokin, V. V. Kholoptsev, S. S.Balabanov, T. O. Evstropov
{"title":"Peculiarities of Phase Transformations During Microwave Reactive Sintering of Ce:YAG–Al2O3 Composites","authors":"S. V. Egorov, A. G. Eremeev, K. I. Rybakov, A. A. Sorokin, V. V. Kholoptsev, S. S.Balabanov, T. O. Evstropov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10423-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10423-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using the method of microwave reactive sintering, we obtained Ce:YAG–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic composite samples with a density of about 95% of the theoretical value and exhibiting luminescent properties. It was established that during the microwave heating, the temperatures of phase transformations in both the Y–Al–O system and aluminum oxide decrease by 250–400°C (depending on the intensity of the microwave electromagnetic field in the sample) compared to conventional furnace heating. This indicates a significant effect of the microwave electromagnetic field on diffusion transport and nucleation processes in the solid-state chemical reactions leading to the formation of yttrium–aluminum garnet.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"848 - 855"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Bogdashov, I. G. Gachev, M. Yu. Glyavin, G. G. Denisov, M. V. Kamensky, S. Yu. Kornishin, K. A. Leshcheva, E. M. Novak, A. V. Savilov, S. V. Samsonov, E. M. Tai
{"title":"Wideband Gyrotron-Type Devices with a Zigzag Quasioptical Transmission Line","authors":"A. A. Bogdashov, I. G. Gachev, M. Yu. Glyavin, G. G. Denisov, M. V. Kamensky, S. Yu. Kornishin, K. A. Leshcheva, E. M. Novak, A. V. Savilov, S. V. Samsonov, E. M. Tai","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10422-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10422-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the results of the initial stage of studying the gyrotron-type devices with a novel electrodynamic system in the form of a zigzag quasioptical transmission line. The basic concept of the considered modification was proposed for the first time in 2018, particular versions of such devices with calculation results were described in a publication of 2021, and the first successful experiments were carried out and reported in early 2024. The electrodynamic system under discussion consists of mirrors that direct a quasioptical Gaussian beam along a zigzag trajectory in such a way that it periodically intersects the electron beam at the right angle. At the points of these intersections, electron-wave interaction occurs at a frequency close to the cyclotron frequency of electrons having initial transverse velocities. The work treats the features of such devices and the results of their theoretical analysis in detail and presents the results of the first experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"833 - 847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. S. Zemskov, K. F. Burdonov, A. A. Kuzmin, I. A. Shaikin, V. N. Ginzburg, I. V. Yakovlev, A. A. Kochetkov, S. E. Perevalov, A. V. Kotov, A. A. Soloviev, A. A. Shaykin, M. V. Starodubtsev, E. A. Khazanov
{"title":"Laboratory Study of Rayleigh–Taylor Instability in a Laser Plasma Interacting with an External Magnetic Field","authors":"R. S. Zemskov, K. F. Burdonov, A. A. Kuzmin, I. A. Shaikin, V. N. Ginzburg, I. V. Yakovlev, A. A. Kochetkov, S. E. Perevalov, A. V. Kotov, A. A. Soloviev, A. A. Shaykin, M. V. Starodubtsev, E. A. Khazanov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10433-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10433-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the results of an experimental study of instability developing in high-speed (speed v ∼ 500 km/s) plasma flows propagating in an external magnetic field with induction about 14 T. High-speed plasma flows were created as a result of irradiation of the Teflon target by nanosecond pumping laser pulses of the PEARL laser facility. It has been demonstrated that at the stage of plasma confinement by a magnetic field, a Rayleigh–Taylor instability develops in the form of flutes on the surface of the plasma cavity. Instability is observed when the plasma spreads both along and across an external uniform magnetic field and rapidly passes into the nonlinear phase, which allows the plasma to penetrate into the magnetic field region.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"928 - 935"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. V. Kotov, Yu. A. Rodimkov, I. B. Meyerov, V. D. Volokitin, S. E. Perevalov, K. F. Burdonov, R. S. Zemskov, A. Soloviev
{"title":"Retrieval of the Wavefront of a Laser Beam Via the Analysis of the in-Focus and Out-of-Focus Intensity Distributions with a Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"A. V. Kotov, Yu. A. Rodimkov, I. B. Meyerov, V. D. Volokitin, S. E. Perevalov, K. F. Burdonov, R. S. Zemskov, A. Soloviev","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10431-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10431-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose a convolutional neural network–based algorithm for retrieving the wavefront shape of a beam using in-focus and out-of-focus intensity distributions. The neural network is trained on numerically generated data. In numerical experiments, the trained model enabled wavefront shape reconstruction with a relative error below 20% for root-mean-square (rms) wavefront distortion in the range of (0.05–0.25)λ, where λ is the radiation wavelength. In a physical experiment conducted on the PEARL laser facility, for a beam with an 18 cm aperture, equal to one-quarter of the focal length, the relative error was approximately 40% for rms wavefront distortion of 0.4λ.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"914 - 919"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Terahertz Radiation in a Parallel Metal Plate Waveguide Partially Filled with a Nonlinear Optical Crystal","authors":"A. S. Nikoghosyan, V. R. Tadevosyan","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10421-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10421-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The problem of generating single-mode terahertz pulsed radiation via optical rectification of a femtosecond laser pulse (Ti:Sapphire) in a nonlinear crystal partially filling a parallel-plate waveguide is addressed. A numerical analysis of the mode composition and terahertz pulse transmission in this structure is performed. It is demonstrated that single-mode coupling between the linearly polarized optical excitation pulse focused on the LiNbO<sub>3</sub> crystal and the terahertz pulse can be achieved in a broad spectral range of 0.1–2.5 THz. The study shows that efficient generation and single-mode transmission of the terahertz pulse with minimum attenuation can be achieved by optimally selecting the sizes and permittivity of the nonlinear crystal, along with the waveguide sizes. The results are compared with both experimental and numerical data for a rectangular metal waveguide partially filled with an optically nonlinear crystal.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 11-12","pages":"823 - 832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}