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Behavior of the Refractive Index of Ultrashort Waves in the Lower 10-m Atmospheric Layer Over the Ivolginsk Basin 伊沃尔金斯克盆地低层10 m超短波折射率的变化
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10376-5
A. S. Bazarova, A. V. Bazarov, S. A. Kurakov, E. B. Atutov, Yu. B. Bashkuev
{"title":"Behavior of the Refractive Index of Ultrashort Waves in the Lower 10-m Atmospheric Layer Over the Ivolginsk Basin","authors":"A. S. Bazarova,&nbsp;A. V. Bazarov,&nbsp;S. A. Kurakov,&nbsp;E. B. Atutov,&nbsp;Yu. B. Bashkuev","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10376-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10376-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the results of studying the refractive index of ultrashort waves, which is calculated on the basis of meteorological measurements of the atmospheric-soil measuring complex. The diurnal and seasonal dynamics of the behavior of the refractive index and its gradient in the lower 10- meter layer of the troposphere in the Ivolginsk basin in the Republic of Buryatia are considered. It is found that in summer, meteorological conditions that favor the negative refraction of UHF waves arise. It determined that the greatest influence on the general gradient of the refractive index in this season is exerted by the gradient of its humidity component, which depends on the vertical distribution of atmospheric humidity. Due to intense insolation, the Earth’s surface is heated, which leads to active evaporation of the soil moisture and its subsequent condensation in the atmosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 4","pages":"326 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rough Statistics in Radio Measurements: Randomization of Uninformative Signal Parameters 无线电测量中的粗略统计：无信息信号参数的随机化
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10377-4
Yu. N. Gorbunov
{"title":"Rough Statistics in Radio Measurements: Randomization of Uninformative Signal Parameters","authors":"Yu. N. Gorbunov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10377-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10377-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper analyses the problems of measuring the parameters of a repetitive periodic signal with the monobit (binary 1/0 or signed binary ±1) quantization, which is called “rough statistics” here. The consideration is carried out in relation to radio equipment with phased antenna arrays using spatiotemporal sampling. The system constructed is based on the Monte Carlo method. Randomization of noninformative parameters of the processed signals is used for linearization of the quantization nonlinearity. This paper brings into balance the conventional approach based on an extensive increase in resources (that is, an increase in the resolution and rate of the analogto-digital converter) and the alternative approach involving an increase in the sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 4","pages":"337 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radar Probing of the Moon on the Sura Facility: Anomalous Enhancement of the Radio Echo During the Session On October 17, 2022 Sura设施上的月球雷达探测：2022年10月17日会议期间无线电回波的异常增强
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10372-9
A. V. Shindin, Yu. V. Tokarev, K. K. Grekhneva, Yu. I. Belov
{"title":"Radar Probing of the Moon on the Sura Facility: Anomalous Enhancement of the Radio Echo During the Session On October 17, 2022","authors":"A. V. Shindin,&nbsp;Yu. V. Tokarev,&nbsp;K. K. Grekhneva,&nbsp;Yu. I. Belov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10372-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10372-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the results of radar experiments performed on the Sura facility after its upgrade in 2020–2021. Anomalous enhancement of the radio echo up to 40 dB above the radio background level during a lunar radar session on October 17, 2022 at a frequency of 8925 kHz is reported. Arguments in favor of the ionospheric nature of this phenomenon are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 4","pages":"271 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
TID Characteristics Obtained by Modeling HF Radio Wave Propagation Along Slightly Oblique Paths At Mid-Latitudes 模拟中纬度地区高频无线电波沿微斜路径传播获得的TID特征
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10374-7
N. A. Semenova, F. I. Vybornov, S. M. Grach
{"title":"TID Characteristics Obtained by Modeling HF Radio Wave Propagation Along Slightly Oblique Paths At Mid-Latitudes","authors":"N. A. Semenova,&nbsp;F. I. Vybornov,&nbsp;S. M. Grach","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10374-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10374-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the results of modeling of synchronous propagation of decameter radio waves along three slightly oblique paths in the mid-latitude ionosphere when a sickle-shaped traveling ionospheric disturbance (TID) is recorded. The ray tracing of waves propagating in a smoothly inhomogeneous ionospheric magnetoplasma is performed. Distance–frequency characteristics of oblique chirp sounding of the ionosphere, obtained on December 19, 2019 with an interval of 1 min on the Vasilsursk–Nizhny Novgorod, Yoshkar-Ola–Nizhny Novgorod, and Yoshkar-Ola–Vasilsursk paths, are used as initial data. The perturbation of the electron number density profile during the TID passage is modeled by a harmonic function (localized plane half-wave), and its parameters are selected according to the best agreement between the simulation results and the experimental data. Estimates of the TID propagation azimuth and velocity in this direction were 105° and 65–105 m/s, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 4","pages":"296 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Q-Bursts in the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity with a Day–Night Non-Uniformity 昼夜不均匀的地球-电离层空腔q暴
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10375-6
Y. P. Galuk, A. P. Nickolaenko, M. Hayakawa
{"title":"Q-Bursts in the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity with a Day–Night Non-Uniformity","authors":"Y. P. Galuk,&nbsp;A. P. Nickolaenko,&nbsp;M. Hayakawa","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10375-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10375-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The propagation of Q-bursts in the Earth–ionosphere cavity with a day–night non-uniformity is numerically simulated for the first time. The vertical conductivity profiles of the middle atmosphere differ from each other in the daytime and night-time hemispheres. The model of a smooth day–night transition in the ionosphere is used. The waveguide parameters in the ambient daytime and night-time conditions are computed using the full wave method in the form of a Riccati differential equation. These parameters are included in the numerically solved 2D telegraph equation (2DTE), thus providing complex spectra of the vertical electric field component. The solution obtained in the frequency domain is verified by comparison with published data. The sought waveforms of Q-bursts are computed using the inverse Fourier transform of complex spectra calculated in the 1–1000 Hz band with a 1-Hz step. Impact of the day–night non-uniformity is estimated by comparing the pulse waveforms on different propagation paths and using instant 2D field distributions in the Earth–ionosphere cavity. Time domain models of Q-bursts in the non-uniform Earth–ionosphere cavity were obtained for the first time. The day–night non-uniformity causes a time-dependent shift of the antipode pulse maximum from the geometric antipode of the source. A modulation of the amplitude of the negative and positive half-wave of a Q-burst in the vicinity of the ionospheric irregularity is observed. The pulse shape depends on its arrival direction relative to the terminator line. The character of variations in the waveform of Q-bursts indicates that solutions for the uniform cavity can be used for evaluating the source–observer distance in a real cavity. Prospects for experimental detection of the impact of the day–night non-uniformity on the shape of Q-bursts are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 4","pages":"305 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dependence of the Parameters of VLF Chorus Emissions in the Earth’s Magnetosphere on Quasi-Static Variations of the Magnetic Field 地球磁层VLF合唱发射参数与磁场准静态变化的关系
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10373-8
A. G. Demekhov
{"title":"Dependence of the Parameters of VLF Chorus Emissions in the Earth’s Magnetosphere on Quasi-Static Variations of the Magnetic Field","authors":"A. G. Demekhov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10373-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10373-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the results of numerical simulations of VLF chorus emissions in the magnetospheric cyclotron maser within the framework of the backward wave oscillator (BWO) regime model. Specific features of the dynamic wave spectrum at various points inside the generation region in the presence of quasi-static variations of the geomagnetic field are considered. We show that discrete elements with both increasing and decreasing frequency can be generated, and the dynamic spectrum shape can change qualitatively upon the shift of the observation point inside the generation region. We discuss this dependence of the dynamic spectrum of the generated waves on the position of the observer in the generation region for various parameters of the geomagnetic field distortion. We show that the formation of elements with an increasing (decreasing) frequency is determined by the presence of the regions with local minima (maxima) of the external magnetic field.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 4","pages":"281 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Resolution of Signal Sources Via Eigenvalue Analysis of the Sample Correlation Matrix 基于样本相关矩阵特征值分析的信号源解析
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10368-5
O. E. Kudryashova, E. S. Fitasov, A. D. Iliyasafov
{"title":"Resolution of Signal Sources Via Eigenvalue Analysis of the Sample Correlation Matrix","authors":"O. E. Kudryashova,&nbsp;E. S. Fitasov,&nbsp;A. D. Iliyasafov","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10368-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10368-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We analyze statistical properties of resolving two signal sources with plane wavefronts via eigenvalue analysis of the sample correlation matrix of the intrinsic noise of the receiving system for a low signal-to-noise ratio. The analysis was carried out both for the signals of the same power and in the presence of a single high-power interference source. The resolution properties of two sources with different signal arrival angles are also considered. The distribution of the maximum noise eigenvalue in the presence of a weak signal source is studied numerically.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 3","pages":"230 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal Signal Processing in Automobile Radar Subject to Active Interference 有源干扰下汽车雷达的时空信号处理
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10371-w
V. T. Ermolaev, V. Yu. Semenov, A. G. Flaksman
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Signal Processing in Automobile Radar Subject to Active Interference","authors":"V. T. Ermolaev,&nbsp;V. Yu. Semenov,&nbsp;A. G. Flaksman","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10371-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10371-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We consider an automobile radar of millimeter wave lengths with phase-shift keyed (PSK) probing signals operating under the influence of active interference whose sources are radars of other vehicles. We propose a method of spatiotemporal processing which allows one to detect and estimate the parameters (range, velocity, and bearing) of the surrounding vehicles, which can simultaneously be both interference-free targets (own radar is turned off) and interference targets (own radar is turned on). We study the case where both linear frequency-modulated (LFM) and phasemodulated (PM) signals can be interference. The numerical-simulation results are presented, showing the high efficiency of the proposed method in terms of the probability of simultaneous detection of near and far interference and interference-free targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 3","pages":"261 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Method of Using Forward Scattered Field for Detecting Slow-Moving Objects at a Railway Crossing 利用前向散射场检测铁路道口慢动物体的方法
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10370-x
D. M. Balashova, V. N. Burov, A. A. Kuzin, A. V. Myakinkov, R. S. Fadeev, A. G. Ryndyk, S. A. Shabalin
{"title":"Method of Using Forward Scattered Field for Detecting Slow-Moving Objects at a Railway Crossing","authors":"D. M. Balashova,&nbsp;V. N. Burov,&nbsp;A. A. Kuzin,&nbsp;A. V. Myakinkov,&nbsp;R. S. Fadeev,&nbsp;A. G. Ryndyk,&nbsp;S. A. Shabalin","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10370-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10370-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Railway crossings are sources of increased danger for railway operation and road traffic. The efficiency of detecting low-observable targets at railway crossings can be significantly improved by using forward scatter radar (FSR) systems. This paper analyzes the potential characteristics and parameters of such systems as elements of railway crossing safety equipment. We consider a target detection method that determines the architecture of the antenna array, the probing signal parameters, and the algorithms for processing of the forward scatter signal using the FSR system of the railway crossing security equipment. We present the results of calculating the detection area of a forward scatter radar for a cube target and a motor vehicle, as well as the simulation analysis for the optimal signal processing algorithm. It is shown that the simultaneous use of two frequency ranges makes it possible to detect objects approaching the railway crossing and objects that stay in the vicinity of the railway tracks (stationary objects).</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 3","pages":"249 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimation of Accuracy When Measuring the Coordinates of the Ultra-Wideband Signal Sources in the Presence of Interference 存在干扰的超宽带信号源坐标测量精度估计
IF 0.8 4区 地球科学
Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11141-025-10369-4
P. A. Trifonov, T. T. Doan
{"title":"Estimation of Accuracy When Measuring the Coordinates of the Ultra-Wideband Signal Sources in the Presence of Interference","authors":"P. A. Trifonov,&nbsp;T. T. Doan","doi":"10.1007/s11141-025-10369-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11141-025-10369-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We show the results of estimating the accuracy of positioning a source of the ultra-wideband signals using the method for estimating the time of appearance of such signals, which are received against the background of Gaussian narrow-band interference and Gaussian white noise. We have studied the influence of the Gaussian narrow-band interference on the accuracy of positioning of the ultra-wideband signal source on the basis of the triangulation method.</p>","PeriodicalId":748,"journal":{"name":"Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics","volume":"67 3","pages":"240 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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