Quantum Information Processing最新文献

{"title":"Quantum thermodynamics of open quantum systems: nature of thermal fluctuations","authors":"Neha Pathania,&nbsp;Devvrat Tiwari,&nbsp;Subhashish Banerjee","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04903-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04903-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the thermodynamic behavior of open quantum systems through the Hamiltonian of mean force, focusing on two models: a two-qubit system interacting with a thermal bath and a Jaynes–Cummings model without the rotating wave approximation. By analyzing both weak and strong coupling regimes, we uncover the impact of environmental interactions on quantum thermodynamic quantities, including specific heat capacity, internal energy, and entropy. Further, the ergotropy and entropy production are computed. We also explore the energy–temperature uncertainty relation, which sets an upper bound on the signal-to-noise ratio.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring quasi-geometric frameworks for quantum error-correcting codes: a systematic review","authors":"Valentine Nyirahafashimana,&nbsp;Nurisya Mohd Shah,&nbsp;Umair Abdul Halim,&nbsp;Mohamed Othman","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04904-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04904-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates quasi-geometric strategies for improving quantum error correction in quantum computing, utilizing geometric principles to improve error detection and correction while maintaining computational efficiency. A comprehensive review of 20 studies, selected from 2988 publications spanning 2019 to 2024, reveals significant progress in quasi-cyclic codes, quasi-orthogonal codes, and quasi-structured geometric codes, highlighting their growing importance in quantum error correction and information theory. The findings indicate that quasi-orthogonal codes that employ coefficient vector differential quasi-orthogonal space-time frequency coding demonstrated a <span>(1.20)</span> dB gain at a bit error rate of <span>(10^{-4})</span>, while reducing computational complexity. Quasi-structured geometric codes offered energy-efficient solutions, facilitating multi-state orthogonal signaling and reliable linear code construction. Furthermore, quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check codes with optimized information selection surpassed traditional forward error correction codes, achieving superior quantum error rates of <span>(10^{-5})</span> at <span>(10.00)</span> dB and <span>(10^{-6})</span> at <span>(15.00)</span> dB. Performance analysis showed that the effectiveness of error correction depends more on the frequency of six-length cycles than on girth, suggesting a new direction for optimization. The study emphasizes the transformative potential of quasi-geometric strategies in improving quantum communication by focusing on bit and quantum bit error rates within both stabilizer and classical frameworks. Future work focuses on integrating hybrid quantum-classical codes to raise error resilience and efficiency, addressing challenges like decoding instability, and limited orthogonality to enable reliable and computational quantum communication systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11128-025-04904-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An efficient and resilient IoT architecture for smart grids via quantum key distribution and multi-homocryption encryption","authors":"Jiangang Feng,&nbsp;Faeiz M. Alserhani,&nbsp;Asmaa A. Hamad,&nbsp;Hassan Alsberi,&nbsp;Najah Kalifah Almazmomi,&nbsp;Arshad Hashmi","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04906-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04906-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The integration of IoT with smart grid infrastructure has revolutionized energy distribution by enabling real-time monitoring, automation, and efficient decision-making. However, this increased interconnectivity exposes the system to severe cybersecurity threats, such as unauthorized access, data tampering, and advanced persistent attacks. Traditional cryptographic approaches are proving inadequate in addressing these evolving challenges. To overcome these limitations, this study presents an efficient and resilient IoT architecture for smart grids, incorporating quantum key distribution (QKD) for ultra-secure key exchange and multi-homocryption encryption for multilayered data protection. The proposed solution is built upon the QGAPSO-RoutOpt framework, which synergizes bio-inspired optimization, quantum logic, and software-defined networking (SDN) to enable dynamic and adaptive encryption routing. A novel optimizer, QGAPSO-RoutOpt, is introduced to intelligently fine-tune encryption pathways, reduce communication latency, and enhance overall network responsiveness. The architecture is evaluated using the SG-IoTSim dataset, which models realistic smart grid IoT communication with both benign and malicious traffic patterns. Performance metrics such as key integrity, latency, packet delivery ratio, encryption–decryption overhead and resilience against attacks were rigorously analyzed. Results indicate that the proposed model achieves 97.3% secure key distribution accuracy, a 45% reduction in latency, and 99.1% robustness against cyberattacks, including spoofing and man-in-the-middle intrusions. Additionally, the system maintains high throughput and operational efficiency under dynamic grid conditions. In conclusion, the integration of QKD, multi-homocryption, and the QGAPSO-RoutOpt optimizer offers a secure, scalable, and intelligent solution for modern smart grid IoT systems, paving the way for next-generation energy infrastructure with enhanced trust and resilience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging resource theory and quantum key distribution: geometric analysis and statistical testing","authors":"Andrea D’Urbano,&nbsp;Michael de Oliveira,&nbsp;Luís Soares Barbosa","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04866-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04866-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Discerning between quantum and classical correlations is of great importance. Bell polytopes are well established as a fundamental tool for such a purpose. In this paper, we extend this line of inquiry by applying resource theory within the context of network scenarios, to a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol, BBM92. To achieve this, we consider the causal structure <i>P</i>3 to describe the protocol, and we aim to develop useful statistical tests to assess it. Our objectives are twofold: firstly, to utilise the underlying causal structure of the QKD protocol to produce a geometrical analysis of the resulting nonconvex polytope, with a focus on the classical behaviours, and secondly to devise a test within this framework to evaluate the distance between any two behaviours within the generated polytope. This approach offers a unique perspective, linking deviations from expected behaviour directly to the quality of the quantum resource involved or the residual nonclassicality in protocol execution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of information reconciliation algorithms with randomness extractors in quantum key distribution post-processing","authors":"Hussan ul Maab,&nbsp;Ijaz Hussain,&nbsp;Zeeshan Alvi","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04905-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04905-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables secure communication by leveraging quantum principles, but its practical implementation relies heavily on efficient post-processing to correct errors and enhance privacy. This study evaluates the performance of post-processing in QKD systems by simulating two information reconciliation algorithms, Cascade and Winnow, paired with different randomness extractors, including the widely used Toeplitz, DExtractor, and a newer Circulant extractor. Through simulations on a standard 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-11400H CPU, we analyze processing time, final seed length, final key length, and channel usage under varying quantum bit error rates (QBER). Overall, the Toeplitz and Circulant extractors exhibit comparable performance, making Circulant a viable alternative in a specific security context. This work provides practical insights for optimizing QKD post-processing in real-world applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise-resilient controlled quantum teleportation using quantum error correction","authors":"Wen-Yang Wang,&nbsp;Chao-Wei Ding,&nbsp;Lan Zhou,&nbsp;Wei Zhong,&nbsp;Yu-Bo Sheng","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04902-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04902-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantum teleportation (QT) enables one party to transmit an unknown quantum state to a remote party without sending the real qubit itself. Controlled quantum teleportation (CQT) is an important multipartite QT mode, which plays an indispensable role in building quantum networks. CQT requires distributing multipartite entanglement in quantum channels, so that channel noise becomes the main obstacle for CQT’s practical application. To enhance CQT’s noise robustness, we introduce the quantum error correction (QEC) into CQT and propose the CQT protocol based on the atomic redundancy code. In our protocol, multiple parties use atomic states and electron–photon entangled states to construct the remote atomic logical GHZ state with the help of the heralded photonic Bell state measurement (BSM), atom–electron controlled-not operation, single-electron measurement and single-atom measurement. Our CQT protocol is feasible under current experimental condition. It has some attractive advantages. First, benefiting from the heralded photonic BSM, the influence from photon transmission loss can be automatically eliminated. Second, the error correction function of the repetition code can increase the fidelity of the teleported logical state. Our CQT protocol can be extended to use other stronger QEC code. It provides a promising way to promote CQT’s practicality in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some constructions of MDS QECCs and MDS EAQECCs from two classes of GRS codes","authors":"Ruhao Wan,&nbsp;Shixin Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04907-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04907-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Maximum distance separable (MDS) quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) and MDS entanglement-assisted QECCs (EAQECCs) have important applications in quantum computing and quantum communication. In this paper, for two given generalized Reed–Solomon (GRS) codes, we construct a new GRS code of larger code lengthand fixed Hermitian hull dimensions. Consequently, we present a new general construction of MDS QECCs and MDS EAQECCs from known ones. Then, based on many currently known Hermitian self-orthogonal GRS codes, we obtain several new classes of MDS QECCs with flexible parameters. Comparing to previously known constructions, we can enrich the flexibility of the code length. Meanwhile, the results in this paper will be helpful in constructing MDS QECCs with distance <i>q</i> and MDS EAQECCs with flexible parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging quantum machine learning for early warning systems in sudden environmental disaster prediction","authors":"Veeramalai Sankaradass,&nbsp;M. Tholkapiyan,&nbsp;S. Sudhakar,&nbsp;Ramsriprasaath Devasenan","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04894-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04894-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The frequency of sudden environmental catastrophes like floods, wildfires and hurricanes, among others indicates the essence of a better early warning system that can provide a better forecast. Peculiarities of traditional models are their inability to handle high-dimensional environmental data and changes in a real-time environment. Based on this research, the application of QML to improve the prediction accuracy and reliability of disaster early warning systems is suggested. Quantum support vector machine and quantum neural network are used with real-time environmental data to enhance prediction in the case of disasters. The approach blends in with modern quantum algorithms. Specifically, DEA is used along with quantum optimisation to enhance feature selection and model training, unlike conventional methods. The framework is verified and validated by employing benchmark datasets, QM9 and PDBbind, to obtain important information about atmospheric conditions, temperature and soil moisture. The findings show that the proposed quantum machine learning models calculate predictions more accurately and efficiently than traditional ML models. The results suggest that quantum computing could change disaster prediction systems and the ways of reducing the consequences of environmental catastrophes. This research offers an important background for introducing quantum technologies for environmental and disaster detection services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal evolution of quantum steering, Bell nonlocality, and entropic uncertainty in a Heitler–London coupled spin system","authors":"M. Oumennana,&nbsp;M. Mansour,&nbsp;Hanin Ardah,&nbsp;Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04908-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04908-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the behavior of quantum steering, Bell nonlocality, and the quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relation (QMA-EUR) in a bipartite Heisenberg spin system, incorporating Heitler–London (HL) coupling, Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya (DM) interaction, and an external magnetic field <i>B</i>. The HL coupling is essential in providing a framework for electron interactions, taking into account wave function overlap and exchange interactions, which are crucial for describing spin-based phenomena. The analysis investigates how these quantum properties are influenced by various factors, including relative spin–spin distance <i>R</i>, temperature <i>T</i>, and additional system parameters at thermal equilibrium. The results highlight key trends: an increase in temperature <i>T</i> leads to a reduction in quantum resources, while simultaneously increasing QMA-EUR. Bell nonlocality and quantum steering exhibit similar temperature-dependent behavior, and their responses to variations in the relative separation between spins <i>R</i> diverge from those of QMA-EUR. Additionally, strong magnetic fields are shown to weaken quantum resources. However, through careful optimization of parameters such as <i>R</i>, <i>T</i>, <i>B</i>, and the strength of the DM interaction, it is possible to enhance Bell nonlocality and quantum steering, while minimizing QMA-EUR. These insights are valuable for advancing quantum technologies, particularly those relying on spin-based quantum systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A practical applicable quantum–classical hybrid ant colony algorithm for the NISQ era","authors":"Mohan Wu,&nbsp;Qian Qiu,&nbsp;Liang Zhang,&nbsp;Yin Xu,&nbsp;Qichun Sun,&nbsp;Xiaogang Li,&nbsp;Da-Chuang Li,&nbsp;Hua Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04895-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04895-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantum ant colony optimization (QACO) has drew much attention since it combines the advantages of quantum computing and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm overcoming some limitations of the traditional ACO algorithm. However, due to the hardware resource limitations of currently available quantum computers, the practical application of the QACO is still not realized. In this paper, we developed a quantum–classical hybrid algorithm by combining the clustering algorithm with QACO algorithm. This extended QACO can handle large-scale optimization problems with currently available quantum computing resources. We have tested the effectiveness and performance of the extended QACO algorithm with the traveling salesman problem (TSP) as benchmarks and found the algorithm achieves better performance under multiple diverse datasets. In addition, we investigated the noise impact on the extended QACO and evaluated its operation possibility on current available noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Our work shows that the combination of the clustering algorithm with QACO effectively improved its problem-solving scale, which makes its practical application possible in the current NISQ era of quantum computing.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}