Rand health quarterly最新文献

Projections of Disability in the Department of Defense Workforce Through 2031: Estimating Future Assistive Technology Requirements for Department of Defense Civilian Employees and Service Members. 到 2031 年国防部劳动力中的残疾预测：估算国防部文职雇员和现役军人未来的辅助技术需求。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Philip Armour, Michael S Pollard, Yael Katz, Katie Feistel, Christina Panis, Mariah Brennan

{"title":"Projections of Disability in the Department of Defense Workforce Through 2031: Estimating Future Assistive Technology Requirements for Department of Defense Civilian Employees and Service Members.","authors":"Philip Armour, Michael S Pollard, Yael Katz, Katie Feistel, Christina Panis, Mariah Brennan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The Department of Defense (DoD) requires both current and projected estimates of the size of its workforce population with specific categories of disabilities. These estimates support the requirements under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 as well as the goals outlined in multiple executive orders, including Executive Order 14035, directing DoD to hire employees with disabilities and provide them with reasonable accommodations. These estimates are necessary to determine the assistive technology (AT) required and its anticipated costs through 2031. AT also furthers DoD's goals in aiding the recovery and retention of injured service members, as well as the broader DoD and U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) community in aiding in the post-service employment of service members who are medically separating. Thus, the authors seek to estimate the potential demand for AT from these groups. The authors give projections of the DoD civilian employee population-and of injured and wounded service members-with specific disabilities categorized by DoD's centralized AT procurer (hearing, vision, cognitive, and dexterity disabilities), as well as the potential anticipated requests for AT by these populations and their costs between 2021 and 2031.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"11 4","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring Cognition in Clinical Trials in Parkinson's Disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, and Related Disorders: Roundtable Proceedings and Roadmap for Research. 帕金森病、路易体痴呆及相关疾病临床试验中的认知测量：圆桌会议记录和研究路线图》。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Shannon D Donofry, Claire E O'Hanlon

{"title":"Measuring Cognition in Clinical Trials in Parkinson's Disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, and Related Disorders: Roundtable Proceedings and Roadmap for Research.","authors":"Shannon D Donofry, Claire E O'Hanlon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging research suggests that Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) share underlying pathology and may represent a single, biologically defined disease spectrum. Cognitive changes are among the most worrisome symptoms for patients with PD, and are the core feature of DLB. While the cognitive changes experienced by individuals with PD and mild cognitive impairment share some clinical characteristics with patients who have undiagnosed or prodromal DLB, these changes are distinct from other types of dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease. To spur the adaptation of existing cognition-focused measures and the development of new ones to underlie clinical trial endpoints in PD and DLB, the PD/DLB Cognition Roundtable was held on January 10 and 11, 2024, in Washington, D.C. The roundtable brought together representatives from academia and industry, as well as with representatives of regulatory agencies, community partners, patient advocates, and research funders, to build consensus and collaborate on the outcome assessment and trial design methods that will support the development of new treatments for early or mild cognitive changes in disorders on the PD/DLB spectrum. The authors of this document summarize the roundtable, discussing the state of the field for clinical trial design and cognition measures in PD and DLB, promising avenues of research, and perspectives of regulatory agencies.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"11 4","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Twenty Years of Legal Marriage for Same-Sex Couples in the United States: Evidence Review and New Analyse. 美国同性配偶合法婚姻二十年：证据回顾与新分析》。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Benjamin R Karney, Melanie A Zaber, Molly G Smith, Samuel J Mann, Marwa AlFakhri, Jessie Coe, Jamie L Ryan, Catria Gadwah-Meaden, Christy Mallory, Brad Sears, Chandra Garber

{"title":"Twenty Years of Legal Marriage for Same-Sex Couples in the United States: Evidence Review and New Analyse.","authors":"Benjamin R Karney, Melanie A Zaber, Molly G Smith, Samuel J Mann, Marwa AlFakhri, Jessie Coe, Jamie L Ryan, Catria Gadwah-Meaden, Christy Mallory, Brad Sears, Chandra Garber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty years ago, the United States was divided by heated debates over legalizing marriage for same-sex couples. Those in favor argued that granting same-sex couples access to marriage would strengthen commitment for same-sex couples, extend the financial benefits of marriage to same-sex households, and improve outcomes for children raised by same-sex parents. Those who were opposed argued that granting legal status to marriages between same-sex partners would alter the foundation of marriage and diminish its value for different-sex couples, ultimately harming children by making them less likely to be raised in stable, two-parent families. It has now been 20 years since Massachusetts became the first state to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples in May 2004. The consequences of extending legal recognition to same-sex couples need no longer be a topic of speculation and debate; researchers have had two decades to study the consequences of legalizing marriage for same-sex couples on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals; their children; and the general public. The broad goal of this study is to document those consequences. The authors pursued this goal in two ways. First, they conducted a comprehensive review of the existing research literature on the effects of legalizing marriage for same-sex couples. Second, they conducted new analyses to evaluate the prediction that rates of marriage, cohabitation, and divorce and attitudes toward marriage would be adversely affected by granting same-sex couples access to legal marriage.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"11 4","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2023 National Survey of Health Attitudes: Description and Top-Line Summary Data. 2023 年全国健康态度调查：说明和顶线汇总数据。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Anita Chandra, Delia Bugliari, Linnea Warren May, Sarah Weilant, Christopher Nelson, Laurie T Martin, Douglas Yeung, Carolyn Miller

引用次数: 0

Understanding the State and Local Policies Affecting Abortion Care Administration, Access, and Delivery: A Case Study in North Carolina. 了解影响堕胎护理管理、获取和提供的州和地方政策：北卡罗来纳州案例研究》。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Julia Rollison, Skye Miner, Maya Buenaventura, Maya Rabinowitz

{"title":"Understanding the State and Local Policies Affecting Abortion Care Administration, Access, and Delivery: A Case Study in North Carolina.","authors":"Julia Rollison, Skye Miner, Maya Buenaventura, Maya Rabinowitz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation and enforcement of state and local abortion policy can vary significantly between medical clinics and depend on the context and the individual decisionmakers involved. Research conducted prior to the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization showed that, when providers are unclear about potentially conflicting or changing local and state policies (formal and informal) or enforcement, many err on the side of caution and become more restrictive in their practices. However, it is unknown whether and to what extent state and local policies and practices adapted in the wake of Dobbs have influenced providers' practices. The authors conducted an initial study of laws and policies post-Dobbs in one state, North Carolina, to better understand the policy landscape and gather perspectives from staff in facilities or organizations that provide or support abortion care. This study served as a unique opportunity to explore laws and policies, as well as implementation experiences, given North Carolina's Senate Bill 20, which instituted a gestational limit of 12 weeks and 6 days, as well as other provisions, including a 72-hour in-person consent requirement. The findings highlight the reported impacts of Senate Bill 20 on facilities, providers, and patients, as well as other local and institutional policies on abortion care access. This work highlights the importance of understanding legislation and its underlying provisions to ensure a complete picture of implementation factors and potential impacts.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"11 4","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter from the Editor. 编辑来信

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

引用次数: 0

Lessons from 9/11 for Supporting Veterans Exposed to Military Environmental Hazards: Veterans' Issues in Focus. 从 9/11 事件中吸取教训，为受到军事环境危害的退伍军人提供支持：聚焦退伍军人问题。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Ramya Chari, Heather Marie Salazar, Lauren Skrabala

引用次数: 0

How Working Conditions in Civilian Jobs Can Affect Veterans' Health and Well-Being: Veterans' Issues in Focus. 文职工作的工作条件如何影响退伍军人的健康和福祉：退伍军人问题聚焦》。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Margaret D Whitley, Eric Apaydin

引用次数: 0

The State of Health and Health Care for LGBTQ+ Veterans: Differences Among Sexual and Gender Minority Veterans, by Identity and State Policy Climate, 2015-2021. LGBTQ+ 退伍军人的健康和医疗状况：2015-2021 年按身份和州政策环境划分的性少数群体和性别少数群体退伍军人的差异。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01

Megan S Schuler, Michael S Dunbar, Elizabeth Roth, Joshua Breslau

{"title":"The State of Health and Health Care for LGBTQ+ Veterans: Differences Among Sexual and Gender Minority Veterans, by Identity and State Policy Climate, 2015-2021.","authors":"Megan S Schuler, Michael S Dunbar, Elizabeth Roth, Joshua Breslau","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. government has affirmed commitments to improving health and well-being for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ+) veterans, who may have distinct needs and challenges when accessing timely and appropriate health care. To date, there are limited data about potential health disparities among LGBTQ+ veterans that examine differences by both sexual identity and gender identity. Understanding the nature and magnitude of disparities among LGBTQ+ veterans is critical for targeted efforts to improve their health and well-being. The authors of this study use nationally representative data from 2015-2021 from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to compare the age-adjusted prevalence of health-related outcomes across multiple domains (health care access and affordability, general health, substance use, and chronic conditions) for sexual and gender minority veterans with that of their heterosexual and cisgender veteran peers. LGBTQ+ veterans showed poorer health-related outcomes in multiple domains than their heterosexual and cisgender peers, including in terms of healthcare affordability, mental health, chronic cardiovascular conditions, and chronic respiratory conditions. The authors also examine associations between state LGBTQ+ policy climates and health-related outcomes among LGBTQ+ veterans. Among LGBTQ+ veterans, living in a state with a more favorable (versus negative) LGBTQ+ policy climate was associated with several health indicators (e.g., having health insurance, lower smoking rates). The authors then discuss implications for ongoing efforts to improve health and well-being for LGBTQ+ veterans, including sustained actions to ensure that all LGBTQ+ veterans are able to access necessary care and use the full scope of benefits for which they are eligible.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"11 4","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation Design for the Department of the Air Force's True North Program: Development of a Logic Model and Program Measures. 空军部 "真正北方 "计划的评估设计：开发逻辑模型和计划措施。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2024-06-03 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01

Miriam Matthews, Thomas E Trail, Samantha E DiNicola, Coreen Farris, Jenna W Kramer, Isabelle González

{"title":"Evaluation Design for the Department of the Air Force's True North Program: Development of a Logic Model and Program Measures.","authors":"Miriam Matthews, Thomas E Trail, Samantha E DiNicola, Coreen Farris, Jenna W Kramer, Isabelle González","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Developing strong resiliency and care solutions for airmen and guardians is key to human capital development and force readiness. The True North program is one of the Department of the Air Force's (DAF's) most significant recent investments in promoting the resiliency of its people. Assessing the program's level of success, justifying funding, and informing decisions about the program's future will require a rigorous evaluation. The authors of this study (1) identify desired outcomes for members participating in the program, (2) define appropriate measures of effectiveness that could be used in evaluating the True North program, and (3) make recommendations for ongoing internal evaluation of the program. The True North program encompasses selected installation welcome centers, embedded religious support teams (RSTs), and embedded mental health (EMH) teams. To determine how DAF might evaluate this program and its components, the authors reviewed relevant policies and procedures and literature relevant to the program components and conducted interviews with 17 True North program personnel and 21 group and squadron commanders. They present a program logic model to determine potential evaluation measures.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"11 3","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11147640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0