Rand health quarterly最新文献_第2页

Automated Grading for Efficiently Evaluating the Dual-Use Biological Capabilities of Large Language Models. 有效评估大型语言模型的双重用途生物能力的自动分级。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-09-29 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01

Bria Persaud, Ying-Chiang Jeffrey Lee, Jordan Despanie, Helin Hernandez, Henry Alexander Bradley, Sarah L Gebauer, Greg McKelvey

引用次数: 0

Supporting Clinics Addressing Adverse Childhood Experiences in California Farmworker Communities: NACES Pilot Project Evaluation, Phase II. 支持诊所解决不良童年经历在加州农场工人社区：NACES试点项目评估，第二阶段。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-09-29 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01

Ingrid Estrada-Darley, Yoselín Mayoral, Cristina Glave, Alejandro Roa Contreras, Cristina Alvarez, Peter Mendel, Nicole K Eberhart

{"title":"Supporting Clinics Addressing Adverse Childhood Experiences in California Farmworker Communities: NACES Pilot Project Evaluation, Phase II.","authors":"Ingrid Estrada-Darley, Yoselín Mayoral, Cristina Glave, Alejandro Roa Contreras, Cristina Alvarez, Peter Mendel, Nicole K Eberhart","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The authors evaluated Phase II of the No More Adverse Childhood Experiences (NACES) pilot project that aimed to improve farmworker health and health access by increasing knowledge about Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and toxic stress among farmworkers and providing support to community health clinics that address ACEs in these rural communities. ACEs are traumatic or stressful events that occur in childhood and can negatively impact long-term mental and physical well-being and disproportionately affects low-income populations. More than 60 percent of Californians have experienced at least one ACE in their lifetime, and prior research found that as many as 87 percent of California farmworkers reported experiencing one ACE. In 2023, the California Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) funded the Futures Without Violence National Health Initiative on Violence and Trauma to implement the NACES Phase I pilot project to develop community- and clinic-based approaches to address ACEs in farmworker communities. RAND evaluated the clinic-based implementation of NACES Phase I and found early evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of an ACE education, screening and response model that is informed by farmworker voices. This phase of the project refined the training approach developed in Phase I and tested it in two additional clinic sites while adding a virtual clinical training option that is more accessible to clinicians across the state. Results from the NACES Phase II evaluation support Phase I findings on the feasibility and potential for the positive impact of an ACE education, screening, and response model informed by farmworkers.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"12 4","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of California's Multi-County Psychiatric Advance Directives Innovation Project: Early Implementation and Outcomes, 2024-2025. 评估加州多县精神病学预先指示创新项目：早期实施和结果，2024-2025。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-09-29 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01

Daniel Siconolfi, Julia Bandini, Cristina Glave, Alejandro Roa Contreras, Skye A Miner, Courtney Ann Kase, Jacobo Pereira-Pacheco, Nicole K Eberhart

{"title":"Evaluation of California's Multi-County Psychiatric Advance Directives Innovation Project: Early Implementation and Outcomes, 2024-2025.","authors":"Daniel Siconolfi, Julia Bandini, Cristina Glave, Alejandro Roa Contreras, Skye A Miner, Courtney Ann Kase, Jacobo Pereira-Pacheco, Nicole K Eberhart","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) allow individuals with mental health conditions to document preferences for care that they might not otherwise be able to communicate during a crisis. Over the past several years, seven California counties have been collaborating on a Mental Health Services Act Innovation Project intended to increase the availability and uptake of PADs among persons with mental health needs, supported by peer worker outreach and facilitation. In this study, RAND researchers evaluate three aspects of the PADs Innovation Project pilot. First, they present findings from an assessment of post-training outcomes and experiences with real-world PAD facilitation, using surveys and interviews with peer workers. Second, they describe PAD creation rates and outcomes across the participating counties, using a combination of administrative metadata from the PAD platform, a brief user survey contained within the PAD platform, and a follow-up interview and survey with a subset of individuals who created a PAD. Third, they report the perspectives of county implementation staff, who provided overall reflections on the implementation of beta testing through interviews. Finally, the authors summarize their findings and provide a set of recommendations for future PAD implementation.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"12 4","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Analysis of the U.S. Department of Defense's Military Health Readiness Assessments. 美国国防部军事健康准备评估分析。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-06-17 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01

Sarah O Meadows, Kimberly A Hepner, Jessica L Sousa, Ryan Haberman, Shirley Dong

{"title":"An Analysis of the U.S. Department of Defense's Military Health Readiness Assessments.","authors":"Sarah O Meadows, Kimberly A Hepner, Jessica L Sousa, Ryan Haberman, Shirley Dong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Congress mandates that the Department of Defense (DoD) assess and monitor the health readiness of the armed forces. Accordingly, DoD implements a suite of health assessments to monitor service members' health readiness. One annual and four additional deployment-related health assessments screen for issues with physical and behavioral health at specified intervals throughout the deployment cycle to facilitate early intervention and any medical care required to maintain force readiness. The content of many of the items in these assessments overlap, and the required time frames for assessment completion can be very close to one another. In addition, administration of similar assessments can involve unnecessary monetary and other resource costs. The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to evaluate DoD's suite of health readiness assessments against their stated objectives and identify potential opportunities for improvement, increased efficiencies, and cost savings. In this study, the authors review the policies behind these health assessments at both department and service branch levels and the assessments themselves for overlaps and gaps, comparing them with U.S. guidelines for health screenings and the use of similar health assessments among high-risk civilian professions. Drawing from this analysis and interviews with military stakeholders, they offer recommendations for improving the health assessments' efficiency and effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"12 3","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12218374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stitching the Threads Together: A Cross-Disciplinary Literature Review on Youth Arts Engagement and Well-Being. 将线索拼接在一起：关于青少年艺术参与和幸福感的跨学科文献综述。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-06-17 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01

Joie D Acosta, Lia Pak, Devin McCarthy, Rhianna C Rogers, William Marcellino, Maya Rabinowitz, Isabelle González, Theo Jacobs, Leah Dion

{"title":"Stitching the Threads Together: A Cross-Disciplinary Literature Review on Youth Arts Engagement and Well-Being.","authors":"Joie D Acosta, Lia Pak, Devin McCarthy, Rhianna C Rogers, William Marcellino, Maya Rabinowitz, Isabelle González, Theo Jacobs, Leah Dion","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting the well-being of all youth today can lead to productive, successful, and healthy adults and the health of society tomorrow. But promoting the well-being of all youth is not simple: It requires a multifaceted set of pathways and strategies that are still being defined in the research literature. A large and growing body of research on youth, well-being, and the arts exists, but it is fragmented across multiple disciplines (e.g., psychology, education) and areas (e.g., different art forms, different definitions of youth well-being and arts engagement). In this study, the authors summarize findings from a literature review they conducted to investigate global themes and gaps in the current multidisciplinary literature on the relationship between the arts and youth well-being. The authors used an equity-centered environmental scan to extract nuanced insights from the vast repository of information. Drawing on these insights, they provide recommendations that offer ways to fill gaps in current research and promote the cross-disciplinary partnerships needed to untangle the complex strands of literature and weave them back together in a meaningful way.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"12 3","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12218372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the Housing and Foster Care Systems in Los Angeles County: A Longitudinal Case Study of 24 Transition Age Youth. 洛杉矶县住房和寄养系统的导航：对24名过渡年龄青年的纵向案例研究。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-06-17 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01

Sarah B Hunter, Emma Bianculli, Michelle Bongard, Rick Garvey, Jason M Ward

{"title":"Navigating the Housing and Foster Care Systems in Los Angeles County: A Longitudinal Case Study of 24 Transition Age Youth.","authors":"Sarah B Hunter, Emma Bianculli, Michelle Bongard, Rick Garvey, Jason M Ward","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Homelessness continues to be one of the most pressing policy issues in Los Angeles County, California. Although substantial investments have been made to address it over the past several years, the number of people experiencing homelessness is still large. It is important to address transition age youth, ages 18 to 25, who are experiencing homelessness because resolving homelessness at an early age may prevent chronic homelessness and the consequences of living unsheltered, such as increased morbidity and earlier mortality. This study is the second publication from a project designed to better understand the needs of unstably housed transition age youth navigating both the housing and foster care systems in Los Angeles County. The authors present the findings from a longitudinal data collection effort among transition age youth with foster care involvement who were experiencing housing instability in 2023. The authors followed this group by conducting monthly interviews for up to one year to gain information about their experiences and perspectives regarding their interactions with the foster care system, becoming stably housed, and related supports. This is the first study of its kind to systematically track a group of unstably housed foster care-involved transition age youth in Los Angeles County. This study should interest those who are serving transition age youth experiencing housing instability and involved with the foster care system, including government, social service, and health care organizations, as well as educators, employers, practitioners, advocacy groups, researchers, and others interested in addressing the homelessness crisis in Los Angeles County.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"12 3","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12218387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter from the Editor. 编辑来信。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-06-17 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01

引用次数: 0

Charting a Course for Emergency Management: Insights from the Literature, 2020-2023. 制定应急管理课程：来自文献的见解，2020-2023。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-06-17 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01

Patrick S Roberts, Katie A Wilson, Sally J Calengor, Christopher Dictus, Clay Strickland, Jay Balagna

{"title":"Charting a Course for Emergency Management: Insights from the Literature, 2020-2023.","authors":"Patrick S Roberts, Katie A Wilson, Sally J Calengor, Christopher Dictus, Clay Strickland, Jay Balagna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The field of emergency management is changing rapidly. Emergency managers are being asked to carry out new missions-in particular, public health preparedness and response (as shown during the 2019 coronavirus pandemic), as well as addressing the consequences of increasingly frequent and severe weather events. As a result, and based on the insight that many emergency management approaches apply across all types of disasters, the field is moving toward an expanded all-hazards approach. As one step toward understanding these changes and charting a path forward for emergency management, the authors of this study assess the current state of thinking about the field by conducting literature reviews and analyses of both scholarly and practitioner-oriented sources, aggregating top issues in the field, identifying priorities for a research agenda, and suggesting ways for practitioners and researchers to engage with and learn from each other. While the study includes key findings and recommendations for emergency management going forward, it also serves as a pilot for a regular review of current issues in the emergency management field.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"12 3","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12218358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Future of U.S. Global Health Work in Asia: How Can U.S. Civil-Military Health Assistance Enhance Asia's Health Security? 美国在亚洲的全球卫生工作的未来：美国军民卫生援助如何加强亚洲的卫生安全？

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-06-17 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01

Jennifer Bouey, Beth Grill, Ishita Ghai, Sabahat Zafar, Anita Chandra, Kristin J Leuschner

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Federal Grants to Scale Up Evidence-Based Practices in Health and Social Services: Recommendations from Federal and State Agency Officials. 优化联邦拨款，扩大基于证据的卫生和社会服务实践：来自联邦和州机构官员的建议。

Rand health quarterly Pub Date : 2025-06-17 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01

Alex R Dopp, Blanche Wright, Jin Kim, Grace Hindmarch, Sarah B Hunter

{"title":"Optimizing Federal Grants to Scale Up Evidence-Based Practices in Health and Social Services: Recommendations from Federal and State Agency Officials.","authors":"Alex R Dopp, Blanche Wright, Jin Kim, Grace Hindmarch, Sarah B Hunter","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Federal spending on evidence-based practices (EBPs) provides significant returns by offsetting billions of dollars in societal impacts each year. Practices are deemed evidence-based because they have demonstrated their effectiveness in addressing various social and health-related challenges. Federal agencies often invest in EBP delivery through discretionary grants, but there is limited guidance on how to optimize these grants to support large-scale EBP implementation. To address this gap, the authors held focus groups with federal and state agency officials (using the findings from ongoing RAND research to frame their discussions) to gather and synthesize their recommendations on how to optimize federal grantmaking for EBP implementation. With the focus group participants, the authors identified seven policy recommendations for federal officials to consider when designing, awarding, and executing grants for EBP implementation, including capacity-building in service delivery organizations to sustain EBPs after grant funding ends. The authors also present real-world case examples to illustrate how funding agencies have put each recommendation into practice.","PeriodicalId":74637,"journal":{"name":"Rand health quarterly","volume":"12 3","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12218371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0