Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces最新文献

{"title":"Electrophilic Substitution in Alkenes by the Example of Bromination of Vinylporphyrins","authors":"V. S. Tyurin,&nbsp;A. O. Shkirdova,&nbsp;I. A. Zamilatskov","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702393","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702393","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The bromination of a carbon–carbon double bond is a classic reaction, the mechanism of which has been thoroughly studied for a long time. However, it has been found that the behavior of certain porphyrin substrates does not follow generally accepted concepts. Instead of bromine addition to the double bond, these substrates undergo substitution of a hydrogen atom by a bromine atom. Using the methods of low-temperature NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations, the mechanism of the bromination reaction of vinylporphyrins has been established. It has been demonstrated that the influence of a porphyrin substituent on the double bond leads to a change in the mechanism from electrophilic addition Ad_E, which is typical for alkenes, to electrophilic substitution S_E, which is characteristic of aromatic compounds but not alkenes. This fact significantly challenges the well-established classical concept that alkenes do not undergo electrophilic substitution reactions. The obtained results of mechanistic studies have not only fundamental scientific value, but also practical application: using the bromination reaction studied, it is possible to perform the CH-functionalization of vinyl substrates in a single step with high efficiency. As a result of this functionalization, corresponding bromovinyl (2-bromovinyl) derivatives are obtained, which are valuable electrophilic synthons— building blocks for catalytic reactions of carbon–carbon (cross-coupling) and carbon–heteroatom (substitution) bond formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"934 - 942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface and Interfacial Tension of Two-Component Two-Phase Separating Systems of Cubic Shape","authors":"E. S. Zaitseva,&nbsp;Yu. K. Tovbin","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702356","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A numerical analysis of the thermodynamic determination of the surface tension (ST) between a fluid and a solid of a binary mixture and the interfacial tension (IT) between two dense phases as an excess value of free energy is carried out Δ<i>F</i> two-phase system with and without taking into account the presence of a phase boundary. Stratification is considered for cubic condensates, which were previously discussed in thermodynamic approaches. A microscopic analysis is given of the generalization of the Gibbs thermodynamic approach, introducing surface tension on the mathematical interface, to the case of a complex boundary shape with the introduction of local surface tensions for faces, edges, and vertices of faces. Depending on the type of averaging of local inhomogeneous regions, two forms of layered dividing surfaces are constructed: with straight and smoothed angles. The calculation was carried out in the simplest version of the lattice gas model (LGM) taking into account the interaction of nearest neighbors in the quasi-chemical approximation on a rigid lattice. Each node of a two-component mixture in the LGM system can be occupied by the components of the mixture A + B and vacancy V. Two main methods of calculating ST and IT, which are expressed through different partial contributions of <span>(M_{f}^{i})</span> into excess free energy Δ<i>F</i> (here, <i>i =</i> A, B, V are vacancies and 1 ≤ <i>f</i> ≤ <i>t</i>, where <i>t</i> is the number of different types of nodes, depending on the position of the node inside the corner regions of the cube), are compared. An ambiguity of the values of ST and IT depending on the type of functions <span>(M_{f}^{i})</span> is obtained when calculating the dependence of ST and IT on the domain size at a fixed temperature. The role of vacancies as the main mechanical characteristic of a two-component mixture in the LGM under the condition of strict phase equilibrium according to three partial equilibria (mechanical, thermal, and chemical) is discussed. It is shown that, if calculations of the IT are carried out for two dense stratified phases without taking into account vacancies, this distorts the real value of the IT.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"891 - 905"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of the Cyclic Adsorption–Desorption Processes in an Adsorbed Natural Gas Storage System Loaded by a Peat-Derived Nanoporous Carbon Adsorbent","authors":"I. D. Shelyakin,&nbsp;I. E. Men’shchikov,&nbsp;A. V. Shkolin,&nbsp;S. S. Chugaev,&nbsp;A. E. Grinchenko,&nbsp;A. V. Shapagin,&nbsp;E. V. Khozina,&nbsp;A. A. Fomkin","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702290","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702290","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Practical vehicular application of the adsorbed natural gas (ANG) storage technique depends on the selection of an accessible adsorbent with required properties and the development of optimal charge–discharge conditions that ensure the maximum efficiency and vehicle tank mileage. In the present study, we carried out the simulation of the charge–discharge of a full-size ANG vessel with a volume of 65 and 150 L employing a carbon adsorbent under conditions with and without using forced thermal control (TC) for different gas flow rates of charge ranging from 5 to 5000 L min^–1. A lumped-parameter model of the charge–discharge of the ANG system used the experimental methane adsorption data, including adsorption-induced deformation and heat effects on the commercial peat-derived carbon adsorbent PAC-3 measured over a temperature range of 213 to 393 K. According to the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy data, PAC-3 possessed the heterogeneous morphology and diverse chemical composition inherited from the precursor and activation conditions. The analysis of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption revealed its predominantly microporous structure with a small proportion of mesopores. The dilatometric measurements observed the methane adsorption-induced changes in the linear and volumetric dimensions of PAC-3 granules with a maximum magnitude of 0.62 and 1.85%, respectively, which should be taken into account in order to maintain the integrity of the ANG vessel as well as to accurately assess the temperature fluctuations arising during the charge–discharge processes. The simulations revealed that the use of TC facilities in the ANG system prevented the strong heating of the adsorbent, improved the deliverable capacity, and increased the vehicle tank mileage. The advantages of using TC in the ANG systems are most obvious at low gas flow rates (5 to 80 L min^–1), high pressures, and large volumes of the vessel.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"807 - 826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative and Sustainable Material TiO2-Pillared Clay Composite for Superior Adsorption-Photocatalyst Degradation of Methylene Blue","authors":"Nohong Nohong,&nbsp;La Ode Ahmad Rizaldi,&nbsp;Dwiprayogo Wibowo,&nbsp;Faizal Mustapa,&nbsp;Maulidiyah Maulidiyah,&nbsp;Muhammad Nurdin","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702241","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An innovative and sustainable adsorption-photocatalyst material based on natural clay with a TiO₂ composite was prepared for the treatment of organic dye waste. This study investigates the preparation of TiO₂-pillared clay composite, aiming to determine its characteristics and effectiveness in the adsorption of the organic dye Methylene Blue (MB). The composite was prepared using a thermal method applied to clay and TiO₂ P25, resulting in TiO₂-pillared clay. The material was characterized using XRF, FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques. Additionally, the adsorption efficiency of MB compounds was evaluated using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results revealed that TiO₂ successfully integrated with the clay surface, forming pillars within the clay lattice. XRF and XRD analyses indicated an increase in the crystallinity of quartz due to the presence of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ in the clay material, while TiO₂ exhibited photoactive anatase crystals. For the treatment of the organic pollutant MB, the experiments identified the optimum adsorption-photocatalyst conditions as pH 6, 120 min, and an MB concentration of 25 mg/L when using the TiO₂-pillared clay composite. Furthermore, mass variability tests demonstrated that 0.5 grams of the TiO₂-pillared clay composite achieved high adsorption-photocatalyst efficiency in reducing MB organic dye. Finally, the evaluation of MB removal using various methods, including photolysis, adsorption, photocatalysis, and adsorption-photocatalysis, showed that the adsorption-photocatalysis method achieved a high performance, removing more than 70.71% of MB organic pollutants. Based on these findings, the dual-functional TiO₂-pillared clay exhibits significant adsorption-photocatalyst capabilities for the reduction of organic dye pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"843 - 853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Electronic Structure of Sb2S3 Wire and Its Application in Visible-Light-Driven Photodegradation of Methylene Blue","authors":"B. Ouni,&nbsp;A. Mhamdi,&nbsp;A. Arfaoui,&nbsp;T. Larbi,&nbsp;M. Amlouk","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702253","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702253","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antimony trisulfide (Sb₂S₃) was studied from a theoretical and experimental perspective. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman scattering, UV-visible spectrophotometer, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the morphological, optical, and structural characteristics. Three exchange-correlation functions (B3LYP, PBE0, and HSE06) and an all-electron basis set were used in the density functional theory (DFT) technique to estimate the vibrational frequencies, band gap, electronic structure, and structural geometry. The simulated findings agree with the existing experimental and theoretical knowledge. Finally, the degradation of MB under visible light irradiation was used to test the photocatalytic activity of Sb₂S₃ microwires. The findings show that Sb₂S₃ thin film promotes the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) under visible light irradiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"912 - 919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Examination of the ZrBDC Functionalized Metal–Organic Framework Structure for Carbon Dioxide Adsorption","authors":"O. E. Mel’nik,&nbsp;A. E. Grinchenko,&nbsp;A. A. Fomkin,&nbsp;A. V. Shkolin,&nbsp;M. K. Knyazeva,&nbsp;I. E. Men’shchikov","doi":"10.1134/S207020512470237X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S207020512470237X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the present work, the ZrBDC metal–organic framework structure was synthesized; it is characterized by the high specific surface area (1330 m²/g) and micropore volume (0.57 cm³/g) and demonstrated sufficient thermal resistance (up to 200°C). The prepared sample exhibited a high adsorption capacity with respect to carbon dioxide adsorption (13.5 mmol/g), and this fact suggests that it is a promising adsorbent for accumulation of carbon dioxide.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"927 - 933"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Charge Carrier Mobility of Tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum Doped with Substituted Lithium Quinolate Complexes","authors":"Anurag Sangwan,&nbsp;Vivek Kumar,&nbsp;Sandeep Kumar,&nbsp;Amit Kumar","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702289","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The charge carrier mobility of doped tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (AlQ₃) have been investigated in detail. Substituted lithium quinolate complexes are used as molecular <i>n</i>-type dopant in AlQ₃. Dopant concentration dependent charge carrier mobility have been investigated in detail and compared. Effect of substituent (electron donating or withdrawing) on the dopant molecules have also been analysed. In this study, bilayer device structure was fabricated on the patterned ITO coated glass substrate. Applied field dependent mobility of the fabricated devices were investigated and analysed. The highest electron mobility of 1.63 × 10^–4 and 6.92 × 10^–5 cm²/V s for 20% LiMeQ and LiClQ doped AlQ₃, respectively at the applied electric field of 1050 (V/cm)^1/2.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"906 - 911"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Cost Adsorption of Phosphate on Vigna mungo Husk Surface, Kinetics, Equilibrium and Thermodynamics","authors":"Gaur Avinash,&nbsp;Yadav Surabhi,&nbsp;Badal Shailendra","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702186","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The adsorption potential of <i>Vigna mung</i>o husk was evaluated for phosphate uptake from aqueous solutions. The vanadate–molybdate and liquid batch methods were used to investigate the effect of various physico-chemical factors such as adsorbent dose, initial phosphate concentration, temperature, pH, and contact time on the adsorption efficiency of <i>Vigna mungo</i> husk particle sizes 1, 2, and 3. Results on Temkin, Freundlich equilibrium, and Langmuir adsorption isotherms confirmed that the data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm but was unfit to the Freundlich isotherm and the Temkin isotherm. The adsorption capacities (<i>q</i>_max) on monolayer coverage were found to be 10.4263, 10.3854, and 10.3608 mg/g for particle sizes 1, 2, and 3 at 301 K temperature. At 311 K temperature, the monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 10.4345, 10.3936, and 10.3854 mg/g. At 321 K temperature, the monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 10.1524, 10.410, and 10.4018 mg/g. At 331 K temperature the monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 10.4837, 10.4182, and 10.410 mg/g. Similarly, at 341 K temperature, the monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 10.5493, 10.4345, and 10.4263 mg/g. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics were analyzed at different time intervals and concentrations of phosphate. The kinetic data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetics, as the calculated value of <i>q</i>_e in this model was observed very close to the experimental value of <i>q</i>_e. Outcomes on the thermodynamic factors (Δ<i>G</i>°, Δ<i>H</i>°, Δ<i>S</i>°) showed the spontaneous, feasible, and endothermic nature of adsorption.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"827 - 842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relaxation Behavior of Latex Acrylate Polymers. 1. The Effect of Polymerization Factors. 1.1. Statistical Polymer","authors":"T. R. Aslamazova,&nbsp;V. A. Kotenev,&nbsp;V. A. Lomovskoi","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702320","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The review is devoted to generalizing the results of studies of the relaxation behavior of latex acrylate polymers used as a binder in composite coatings on surfaces of various chemical nature, and structure in order to clarify the temperature ranges of their elastic and inelastic (dissipative) properties at temperatures from –150 to +200°C. Part 1.1 analyzes experimental data on the spectrum of internal friction and temperature–frequency dependences of the oscillatory process in statistical latex polyacrylates in comparison with polyacrylates of the free radical type obtained using the method of dynamic relaxation spectroscopy, which demonstrates the prospect of using the method to describe the physicomechanical properties of acrylate copolymers of various monomeric composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"854 - 865"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Zirconium Oxide and Tantalum Carbide Powder Coatings by Plasma Spraying Techniques on Engine Performance","authors":"Sathish Rengarajan,&nbsp;Rameeza Muhammed,&nbsp;Vaddi Seshagiri Rao,&nbsp;Muninathan Kota","doi":"10.1134/S2070205124702277","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205124702277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The emission released by diesel engines NO_<i>x</i>, CO, CO₂, and HC leads to human discomfort and environmental changes. Coating on the piston is an efficient method and innovative approach to decrease emissions in diesel engines. In this work, coating is carried out on the piston crown in a single-cylinder diesel engine and is compared with the uncoated piston. The percentage composition was coated on the piston crown namely, 95% ZrO₂ + 5% TaC, 97% ZrO₂ + 3% TaC, 98% ZrO₂ + 2% TaC, and 100% ZrO₂ using plasma spray coating. The brake thermal efficiency of the piston coated with a mixture of 95% ZrO₂ and 5% TaC is 8.1% more than that of the uncoated piston. Similarly, the mechanical efficiency of the coated piston is 11.6% greater than that of the unprotected piston.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"60 5","pages":"959 - 969"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}