Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces最新文献

{"title":"Corrosion Behaviour of 17-4 PH Stainless Steels Produced by Adding Different Amounts of Alloying Element and Aged at Different Times","authors":"Salih Çağatay Koçak,&nbsp;Doğan Şimşek,&nbsp;İjlal Şimşek,&nbsp;Dursun Özyürek","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701174","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study the corrosion behaviour of 17-4 PH (precipitation hardening) stainless steel alloys, produced by adding Ta different amounts with the method of powder metallurgy, and aged at different times was investigated. Four different amounts tantalum (0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60% weight) was added to the alloy. The prepared powders were produced green compacts at ∅10 × 6 mm dimensions (800 MPa) after mixing with turbule for 2 hours. Green compacts produced were sintered for 1 h at 1300°C under a vacuum of 10^–6 mbar. The sintered samples were aged 1, 4 and 8 hours at 480°C after being in solution at 1050°C. Polarization measurements were performed in a corrosion cell, using three different electrode technique. In the corrosion tests, 0.1 M H₂SO₄ was used as the electrolyte medium. As a result of the studies, the alloy the hardness and densities were increased with increasing Ta amount. Similarly, the hardness and densities of produced samples were with increasing aging time. The corrosion tests revealed that increasing the amount of Ta added to the alloy increased the alloy’s resistance to corrosion. The alloy’s corrosion resistance decreased as aging time increased. The active corrosion mechanism was seen to be pitting corrosion in all alloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1298 - 1305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boride Layers on Sverker 3 Steel: Kinetic Modeling, Experimental Characterization, and Validation","authors":"Katia Benyakoub,&nbsp;Mourad Keddam,&nbsp;Jana Ptačinová,&nbsp;Zuzana Gabalcová,&nbsp;Brahim Boumaali,&nbsp;Peter Jurči","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701113","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The kinetic modeling, based on solving the mass balance equations at the two diffusion fronts, was considered to investigate boron diffusion and the formation of dual boride layers (FeB + Fe₂B) on Sverker 3 steel. Experimentally, the morphology of the boride layers was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), allowing measurement of the layers' thicknesses. Phase analysis was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify the nature of the phases. To analyze the layers’ growth kinetics over the treatment time at a given temperature, two unitless parameters were sought. The boron diffusion coefficients in both phases were evaluated in the range of 900 to 1000°C, and the values of boron activation energies in FeB and Fe₂B were deduced. This model was experimentally verified by considering three boriding conditions: 975°C for 10 h, and 1050°C for 5 and 7 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1250 - 1259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139072345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on Characterization of GGG 60 Coated with WC/Co by ESD Technique","authors":"Mustafa Buğday,&nbsp;Mehmet Karalı,&nbsp;Şükrü Talaş","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701125","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701125","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hard surface coatings are necessity when the surface of a metallic materials are required to perform better during the service and lower the cost of replacement and labour. In this study, WC/Co coatings were deposited on GGG60 ductile (spherical graphite) cast iron with Electro Spark Deposition technique. The ductile cast iron specimens were non heat treated, heat treated for hardening the surface and subsurface prior to coating. Optimum coating parameters were determined as 132 V and 1230 Hz. Coating characterization was investigated by SEM/EDS and XRD. The surface hardness value of the substrate sample increased from 270 ± 5.6 HV_0.2 to 1330 ± 12.5 HV_0.2. Surface hardness value increased 5 times. The presence of W₂C, W and WC_{1 – <i>x</i>} phases in the coatings increased the possibility of decarburization. WC ratio was calculated more in heat treated coated samples compared to other coatings. The mechanical properties of the coatings were tried to be determined by tensile and three-point bending tests. The tensile stress of the heat-treated coated samples was calculated as 780 MPa and the maximum bending stress was calculated as 1581 MPa. The decrease in the C ratio in the coating in the heat treated coated samples made the samples more resistant to thermal stresses.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1260 - 1266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure Analysis of Second Row-Nozzles Based on FSX-414 Cobalt Alloy in a Gas Turbine Unit","authors":"Ali Hadipour,&nbsp;Mohammad Ghasem Gholami,&nbsp;Masoud Araghchi,&nbsp;Mohsen Mehdizadeh","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701150","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701150","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, the failure analysis of the second row-nozzles of one of the gas turbine units was investigated. The vanes alloy was FSX-414 cobalt base alloy. The visual evaluations indicated that the leading-edge region of about 8 vanes was completely damaged, and needed to be replaced. The microstructural evaluation was studied by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the primary carbides such as M₃C₂ and M₇C₃ were dissolved and the secondary carbides with M₂₃C₆ composition were formed continuously and coarsely on the grain boundaries. Also, the crack networks were created in the grain boundaries which were propagated throughout the sample thickness. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that hot oxidation and sulfidation have occurred on the leading-edge surface. It seems that the increasing temperature due to the asymmetry of the combustion line had caused such damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1267 - 1276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Corrosion Behavior of Stir-Cast Hybrid Aluminum Composite Reinforced with CeO2 and GNPs Nanoparticles","authors":"Dinesh Kumar,&nbsp;Surjit Angra,&nbsp;Satnam Singh","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701186","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the corrosion behavior of stir-cast hybrid aluminum composite reinforced with CeO₂ and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) nanoparticles used as cylinder liner material in the engines (Automotive, aerospace, and aircraft industries). The composites were prepared using the stir-casting technique, and their microstructure and corrosion behavior was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Potentiodynamic polarization test, respectively. The results showed that the addition of CeO₂ and GNPs improved the corrosion resistance of the composites, and the optimal combination of these two nanoparticles was found to be 3 wt % CeO₂ and 3 wt % GNPs. The enhanced corrosion resistance was attributed to the formation of a protective layer on the surface of the composite, as well as the effective dispersion and uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the matrix. The 0.031362 was noted as the lowest corrosion rate (mmpy) was noticed in V04 sample at room temperature and at elevated temperatures, the corrosion rate (mmpy) was observed as 0.060081 and 0.063627 at 45 and 75°C, respectively. In the vast majority of the published research publications, either cerium oxide or graphene nanoplatelets were utilized as a single reinforcement or in conjunction with other types of reinforcement such as alumina, silicon carbide, carbon nano-tubes, tungsten carbide, etc, but on the combination of the CeO₂ and GNPs as reinforcements have very-2 less literature, with 2 wt % each only. The prepared hybrid aluminum composite (with reinforcing 1 to 3 wt % in Al-6061 alloy) was considered for replacing the cylinder liner material in the piston-cylinder arrangement.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1210 - 1218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Ghars Date Extract on API 5L X70 Pipeline Steel in Hydrochloric Acid","authors":"Slimane Kherief,&nbsp;Mounir Djellab,&nbsp;Hamza Bentrah,&nbsp;Abdelouahad Chala,&nbsp;Bouzid Bouamra,&nbsp;Hicham Taoui","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701162","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The inability to produce raw materials in sufficient quantities, such as fruits, plants, pigments and resins, to manufacture green inhibitors is considered one of the biggest reasons that hinder the commercial use of these eco-friendly inhibitors. In Asia and Africa, date fruit is produced in large quantities. This fruit contains polysaccharides (primarily galacturonic acid) that can be used as a green inhibitor. The inhibition effect of Ghars date extract (GDE) on the corrosion of API 5L X70 pipeline steel in 0.5 M HCl solution was studied for the first time using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization curves, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results show that GDE is an excellent inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency was 94 % at 2 g/L GDE. The GDE follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and involves physical adsorption. The GDE acts as a mixed-type inhibitor.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1306 - 1314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Effect of GO Structure on the Interaction between Alkaline Solution and Ag/GO/C Composite Electrode","authors":"Jianping Zeng,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Zhimin Wang,&nbsp;Shuyu Zeng,&nbsp;Yuchen Fang,&nbsp;Jingwen Li,&nbsp;Ling Qian,&nbsp;Luobu Pubu,&nbsp;Song Chen","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701228","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701228","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A molecular model of the interaction between alkaline NaCl solution (Sol) and carbon-supported silver/graphene oxide (Ag/GO/C) composite electrode during oxygen reduction reaction was designed and constructed, and the Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the model was carried out. Based on the calculation and analysis of interaction energy (Δ<i>E</i>), diffusion coefficient (<i>D</i>) and radial distribution function (RDF), depending on the type and number of oxygen-containing functional groups of GO, the interaction law between alkaline solution and Ag/GO/C composite electrode was found out, and the interaction mechanism was revealed. The results showed that the interaction force between Sol and Ag/GO/C composite electrodes with 4 different GO structures (GO1, GO2, GO3 and GO4) is mutual attraction at 353 K. The interaction energy between the Sol and the Ag/GO2/C electrode is the highest in numerical terms, and the diffusion capacity of Na⁺ and Cl^– in the Sol is the weakest in the electrode system, indicating that the interaction between the Sol and the Ag/GO2/C electrode prevents the diffusion of solution molecules or ions on the surface of the electrode. The results of RDF showed that O₂, Na⁺ and Cl^– in solution within 3.5 Å have no obvious bonding effect with the electrode, while Sol has obvious bonding effect. When the interaction distance is 5–8 Å, O₂, Na⁺, Cl^–, Sol in the system and Ag atoms in different composite electrodes all have obvious non-bond interaction, indicating that Sol and the electrode are prone to bond interaction in the short-range region and non-bond interaction in the remote region, while O₂, Na⁺, Cl^–, and the electrode are only prone to non-bond interaction in the remote region. In other words, Ag/GO/C composite electrode has bonding and non-bonding effects in the formation of ORR system in alkaline NaCl solution, and it is mainly provided by non-bonding effects. When the number of –O–, –OH, –COOH in GO is 5 : 5 : 2 (GO2), that is, Ag/GO2/C composite electrode is most prone to ORR. This further proved that adding GO to the composite electrode can improve the catalytic performance of the electrode. These results are helpful to provide theoretical support for the research and development of electrodes in electrolytic chlor-alkali industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1087 - 1096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different Zn/Mg Ratio and Ti Content on Hot Extruded 7xxx series Aluminum Alloy","authors":"Jinpeng Ye,&nbsp;Siyuan Yin,&nbsp;Xiaojing Xu","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701216","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701216","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of alloy composition (Zn/Mg ratio and Ti content) on the microstructure and properties of Al–3.5Mg–<i>x</i>Zn–1.22Cu–0.2Zr–<i>y</i>Ti aluminum alloy were studied in this paper. The results show that after solution treatment at 450°C × 2h + 460°C × 2h + 470°C × 2h + 475°C × 2h, when the Zn/Mg ratio of the alloy increases from 3.55 to 3.85, the grain size of the alloy increases, the insoluble phase increases, the dislocation decreases, and the intergranular corrosion resistance decreases gradually. Under the condition of T6 aging, the hardness and electrical conductivity of the alloy decreased at first and then increased, and the compressive strength at room temperature also decreased at first and then increased, and the hardness and compressive strength reached the maximum when the Zn/Mg ratio was 3.85. When Zn/Mg is constant, with the increase of Ti content (0–0.88 wt %), the recrystallization degree of the alloy decreases, the insoluble phase increases, the dislocation density and strengthening value gradually decrease, the inter-granular corrosion resistance decreases gradually, and the hardness, electrical conductivity and compressive strength of the alloy decrease gradually under T6 aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1239 - 1249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, Experimental Characterization, DFT and Theoretical Anticorrosion Study for 1-(4-(3-Methyl-3-phenylcyclobutyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)thiourea","authors":"Rebaz Anwar Omer,&nbsp;P. Koparir,&nbsp;M. Koparir","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701198","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701198","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, 1-(4-(3-methyl-3-phenylcyclobutyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)thiourea was synthesized by alcohol-mediated condensation of 4-(3-methyl-3-phenylcyclobutyl)thiazol-2-amine and isothiocyanatobenzene. The molecule results were experimentally characterized using FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Density functional theory (B3LYP/6-311G) was used to investigate the ideal molecule structure, vibrational frequencies, and ¹H with ¹³C NMR (theoretically) chemical shifts. Theoretical and experimental spectroscopy results were compared and agreed with each other, which indicated the validity of the used developed molecular structure. The Dipole moment, hardness, softness, electronegativity, electrophilicity index, nucleophilicity index, and chemical potential as electronic structural parameters linked to corrosion inhibition efficacy were investigated for the prepared compound. Furthermore, the fraction of transferred electrons was calculated to determine the interaction between the iron surface and organic molecules. The results indicated a favorable relationship between organic-based corrosion inhibitors and quantum chemical parameters processes. The corrosion inhibitors’ behavior can be predicted without the need for experimental investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1315 - 1325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibition and Adsorption Effect of Aqueous Chrysophyllum Albidum Leaves and Peels Extract on Mild Steel in Acidic Medium","authors":"K. T. Dauda,&nbsp;T. F. Owoeye,&nbsp;I. G. Akande,&nbsp;O. S. I. Fayomi","doi":"10.1134/S2070205123701137","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205123701137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Service failure of mild steel has been a challenge in many industries such as automotive, petrochemical and marine, thus, limiting the application of mild steel. This has prompted the use of several inhibitors as surface protectors against corrosion. In this work, the inhibiting action of the extract from leaves and peels of <i>Chrysophyllum albidum</i> on mild steel corrosion in 1 M H₂SO₄ solution was studied using weight loss, gasometric and polarization techniques. The results showed that the inhibiting action increased with the increasing concentration of the inhibitors. The highest efficiency of 94.39 and 99.96% were respectively obtained for leaves and peels extract for 18 days with a concentration of 1.5 g/L. More so, the leaves and peels extract inhibited mild steel exhibited a significant corrosion rate of 0.0616 and 0.0254 mm/year, respectively. There was a good agreement between weight loss, gasometric and electrochemical methods (potentiodynamic polarization). C<i>hrysophyllum albidum</i> adsorbed on the mild steel surface in accordance with a Langmuir isotherm adsorption model with <i>R</i>² values of 0.9940 and 0.9937 for the leaves and peels extract, respectively. In this study, <i>Chrysophyllum</i> <i>albidum</i> extract was shown to reduce corrosion of low carbon steel, and its use in acidic media is thus recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"59 6","pages":"1290 - 1297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}