{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Amaranthus dubius Leaf Extract","authors":"D. Sathya","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700115","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were synthesized by using the <i>Amaranthus dubius</i> leaf extract through the low temperature green combustion method. MgO NPs systematically analyzed using complementary structural, optical and electrochemical techniques. The PXRD patterns confirmed the formation of the Periclase structure with the cubic phase with crystallite sizes consistent with particle size analysis, indicating high phase purity. Whereas the SEM result revealed the agglomerated roughly spherical granular structures of about ~46 nm in size. FTIR spectra confirmed the formation of the metal oxygen stretching vibration (Mg–O) bond at 419 cm<sup>–1</sup>. The formation of MgO NPs is confirmed by a visual color change from colorless to dark brown and they displayed a wavelength of 310 nm in UV-Spectrophotometry analysis and the direct band gap of ~4.6 eV, slightly blue-shifted compared to bulk MgO, attributable to quantum confinement effects. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed quasi-rectangular current profiles with distinct redox features, suggesting a combination of double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitive contributions. These results establish a clear correlation between morphology, crystallinity, band gap modulation, and electrochemical performance. The findings highlight the multifunctional potential of MgO nanoparticles for applications in photocatalysis, UV shielding, and electrochemical energy storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"80 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahmoud A. Sharshoh, Muayad A. Shihab, Hind J. Hadi, Jasim I. Humadi, Amer T. Nawaf, Ali A. Hassan, Saad A. Jafar
{"title":"Hybrid Adsorption/UV-Driven Photocatalytic Oxidation for Fast Removal of Direct Red Dye from Industrial Wastewater: Experimental Work and Modeling","authors":"Mahmoud A. Sharshoh, Muayad A. Shihab, Hind J. Hadi, Jasim I. Humadi, Amer T. Nawaf, Ali A. Hassan, Saad A. Jafar","doi":"10.1134/S207020512670005X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S207020512670005X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The photocatalytic decolorization of the organic dye Direct Red using a synthesized TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocatalyst was investigated, modeled, and optimized employing response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The effect of different variables including, oxidation time, solution pH, TiO<sub>2</sub> dosage, and dye initial concentration was studied. Various dye removal efficiencies ranging from 68.4 to 99.1% were achieved under different parameter values with the potential to reach 100% efficiency under optimized conditions. The study of factors influencing the efficiency of the photocatalytic decolorization process revealed that TiO<sub>2</sub> concentration had the most significant impact, followed by dye concentration and pH. The second-order model developed through RSM effectively simulated the impacts of the selected variables on the process (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 95.94% and <span>(R_{{text{adj}}}^2)</span> = 91.19%). The kinetic study of the photocatalytic decolorization process demonstrated that it follows a pseudo-first-order model. The experimental results showed strong agreement with the ANN model, a high regression coefficient (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>) of 0.9979 and a low mean square error (MSE) of 0.000134 were achieved. This model, which incorporates interactions, offers a robust framework for predicting new developments in photocatalytic decolorization.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Influence of Electric Field on the Wetting Behavior of Liquid Droplets","authors":"Meiyun Zhao, Jinsheng Zhang, Yufan Xiong, Guoliang Cheng, Xiang Xu","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700140","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700140","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low-temperature droplet freezing poses significant challenges in multiple fields such as power transmission, communication, and aerospace. The application of an electric field is an effective method for controlling the wetting and phase transition of nanodroplets on solid surfaces. By regulating the phase transition process of droplets through an electric field, it is possible to delay the initial freezing time of droplets and reduce the adhesion force of icing, which provides new ideas and methods for solving icing problems. This study used molecular dynamics methods and LAMMPS software to establish a simulation system for nanodroplets and solid substrates. An electric field was applied inside the simulation box to study its effect of the electric field on the wetting behavior of the droplets at the microscopic level. The influence of the electric field on the freezing state of the droplets was explored based on the number of droplet molecules and the number of substrate contacts. The experimental results indicate that applying an appropriate electric field strength can change the shape of droplets and affect their wetting behavior. In addition, by applying an appropriate electric field in the direction parallel to the substrate, the interaction force between the droplet and substrate can be canceled out, the wetting situation of the droplet can be changed, and the adhesion force between the ice and substrate can be reduced, thereby achieving easier de-icing.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"35 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Basic Organic Compounds on Corrosion for Fe(110), Cu(111), and Al(111): A Study Using DFT, Reduced Density Gradient, Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules, and Monte Carlo Methods","authors":"Yousif Hussein Azeez, Rebaz Obaid Kareem, Rebaz Anwar Omer, Fouad Benhiba, Aryan Fathulla Qader, Muhammad Ashfaq, Rzgar Faruq Rashid","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700012","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Theoretical approaches to the adsorption of compounds onto substrates contribute significantly to the improvement of corrosion inhibitors. The present research provides a calculation using DFT, reduced density gradient (RDG), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAM), UV-spectroscopy, and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to thoroughly assess the interaction features of 40 organic solvents for corrosion inhibition of the carbon steel (Fe(110)), copper (Cu(111)), and aluminum (Al(111)). Theoretical calculations show that the electron density distribution of molecular orbitals (HOMO–LUMO) occupies the majority of optimized structures, reflecting high chemical reactivity, especially in interaction with metal surfaces. Quantum chemical descriptors show that both compounds 26 (hexamethylphosphoramide) and 27 (hexamethylphosphorous triamide) exhibit high chemical reactivity, which is well confirmed by the adsorption energy values obtained from different simulation systems. RDG data show that there are three distinct types of interaction. The various simulations show that the majority of basic organic solvents adsorb completely onto the three simulation surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"129 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Gu, Yongfeng Li, Wei Wang, Lisheng Zhang, Weiran Liu
{"title":"Influence of Surfactant Type and Concentration on the Microstructure and Overall Properties of Pulse Electrodeposited Ni–W–Al2O3 Nanocomposite Coatings","authors":"Tao Gu, Yongfeng Li, Wei Wang, Lisheng Zhang, Weiran Liu","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700048","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agglomeration of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles during electrodeposition often results in increased porosity and compromised mechanical and electrochemical properties of Ni–W–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite coatings. To address this challenge, the present study explores the influence of surfactant type and concentration on the dispersion behavior of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles and the resulting coating performance. Ni–W–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> coatings were synthesized via pulse electrodeposition using the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) at various concentrations. The results reveal that CTAB at 1.5 times the critical micelle concentration (1.5×CMC) significantly promotes nanoparticle dispersion through electrostatic anchoring, leading to enhanced coating density, increased microhardness to 802 HV, reduced surface roughness to <i>R</i><sub>a</sub> = 100.19 nm, decreased friction coefficient to 0.10, and improved corrosion resistance, with a corrosion current density of 5.53 × 10<sup>–6</sup> A cm<sup>–2</sup> and a corrosion rate of 0.06491 mm year<sup>–1</sup>. In contrast, SDBS exhibited limited efficacy due to electrostatic repulsion and micelle-induced nanoparticle encapsulation. These findings underscore the pivotal role of surfactant charge characteristics in determining the microstructure and multifunctional properties of composite coatings, offering valuable insights for the development of high-performance, wear- and corrosion-resistant electrodeposited systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"43 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Coatings: Production and Application","authors":"E. N. Evdokimova, T. A. Kochina","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700164","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The review is devoted to the issues of application of coatings and composite materials with different wettabilities. The theoretical foundations of the wettability of solids are covered, and the main methods for obtaining and forming hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfaces are considered. The article presents developments in the field of production and application of hydrophilic (superhydrophilic) and hydrophobic (superhydrophobic) materials as anticorrosion, anti-icing, antifogging, antifouling, and biomedical coatings. The article discusses currently promising nanofillers and binders for the formation of effective and durable coatings with varying wettability.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"90 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrogen Sorption on the Surface of Silica–Germania Anode Material in Light Metal Li-Ion Battery: DFT Modeling towards Eco-Friendly Energy Conservation","authors":"Fatemeh Mollaamin","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700073","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700073","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Novel silica–germania-based nanomaterials have been designed as a potential solid hydrogen conservation medium. As applied materials for energy conservation, silicon–germanium dioxide (SiGeO<sub>2</sub>) can attract considerable attention in materials science. A comprehensive investigation on hydrogen grabbing by SiGeO<sub>2</sub> was carried out including using DFT computations at the “CAM–B3LYP–D3/6-311+G(d,p)” level of theory. The hypothesis of the hydrogen sorption phenomenon was confirmed by density distributions of CDD, TDOS, and LOL for hydrated nanoclusters of H<sub>2</sub>(SiGeO<sub>2</sub>) and Li<sub>2</sub>[SiGeO<sub>2</sub>]H<sub>4</sub>. The fluctuation in charge density demonstrates that the electronic densities were mainly located in the boundary of adsorbate/adsorbent atoms during the sorption status. Therefore, by combination of SiO and GeO, it can be concluded that SiGeO<sub>2</sub> nanocluster might be appropriate candidate for hydrogen conservation in transistors. As the advantages of lithium over Si/Ge possess its higher electron and hole motion, allowing lithium instruments to operate at higher frequencies than Si/Ge instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"15 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal Quenching Behavior and Luminescence Stability of Sr3SiO5:Ce3+ Phosphor for High-Power White LED Applications","authors":"Deepak Kumar Barla, Rohit Kandulna, Namita Singh, Barkha Kachhap, Ashwini Kumar Sharma, Anupam Kumar","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700024","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Sr<sub>3</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup> phosphor was synthesized using a solid-state reaction method and systematically evaluated for its temperature-dependent luminescence behavior. Measurements at low Ce<sup>3+</sup> concentrations revealed a high thermal quenching temperature exceeding 480 K, along with an activation energy (∆<i>E</i>) of 0.29 eV. These results demonstrate the phosphor’s excellent thermal stability and strong resistance to non-radiative losses at elevated temperatures. Such characteristics highlight the potential of Sr<sub>3</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup> as a thermally robust phosphor for high-power white LED applications, where maintaining stable emission under intense excitation and elevated thermal conditions is essential for enhanced performance and extended device lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"72 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemical Sensors Based on Quartz-Crystal Microtuning Forks and Metal–Organic Framework UiO-66","authors":"V. N. Simonov, O. V. Solovtsova, A. A. Fomkin","doi":"10.1134/S2070205126700176","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205126700176","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Experimental samples of chemical sensors for the concentration of gaseous compounds have been developed that are intended for devices of the “electronic nose” type based on quartz-crystal microtuning fork resonators (MFRs) and UiO-66 metal–organic framework. The static and dynamic parameters of these sensors are studied in comparison with similar sensors previously implemented on quartz resonators of longitudinal oscillations on the same adsorbent (PQR sensors). The analytes used in the study were markers of diabetes mellitus: acetone and isopropanol vapors, as well as water vapor. It is shown that MFR sensors, having an order of magnitude higher response speed than PQR sensors and small dimensions, provide a significant advantage in dynamic systems for analyzing the composition of gaseous media compared to PQR.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"62 1","pages":"25 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yu. Tsivadze, A. S. Oryshchenko, V. I. Zhilov, G. V. Kostikova, A. A. Bezdomnikov, V. E. Sharov, Yu. G. Pokrovskii, A. D. Kashtanov
{"title":"Modern Approaches to the Processing of Used Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"A. Yu. Tsivadze, A. S. Oryshchenko, V. I. Zhilov, G. V. Kostikova, A. A. Bezdomnikov, V. E. Sharov, Yu. G. Pokrovskii, A. D. Kashtanov","doi":"10.1134/S2070205125701205","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2070205125701205","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This brief review considers the main approaches to the processing of used lithium-ion batteries. A description of the initial raw materials depending on the elemental composition of the cathode material is presented. The main currently developed methods of processing of batteries—namely, pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and direct processing—are briefly described. A hydrometallurgical method is recognized as the most optimum one. A description of the main process stages, namely, stages of preliminary treatment of batteries, alkaline treatment of the fine fraction that is a mixture of the anode and cathode materials, acidic leaching of the cathode material, and subsequent processing of the leaching product to isolate individual valuable components from it is presented for the said process.</p>","PeriodicalId":745,"journal":{"name":"Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces","volume":"61 6","pages":"1321 - 1328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}