Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Comparing fluorescent contrast agents for fluorescence guided surgery using 3-D cryo-imaging.","authors":"Augustino V Scorzo, Caleb Y Kwon, Rendall R Strawbridge, Ryan B Duke, William R Warner, Kristen L Chen, Chengpei Li, Xiaoyao Fan, David W Roberts, Keith D Paulsen, Scott C Davis","doi":"10.1117/12.3003221","DOIUrl":"10.1117/12.3003221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorescence cryo-imaging is a high-resolution optical imaging technique that produces 3-D whole-body biodistributions of fluorescent molecules within an animal specimen. To accomplish this, animal specimens are administered a fluorescent molecule or reporter and are frozen to be autonomously sectioned and imaged at a temperature of -20°C or below. Thus, to apply this technique effectively, administered fluorescent molecules should be relatively invariant to low temperature conditions for cryo-imaging and ideally the fluorescence intensity should be stable and consistent in both physiological and cryo-imaging conditions. Herein, we assessed the mean fluorescence intensity of 11 fluorescent contrast agents as they are frozen in a tissue-simulating phantom experiment and show an example of a tested fluorescent contrast agent in a cryo-imaged whole pig brain. Most fluorescent contrast agents were stable within ~25% except for FITC and PEGylated FITC derivatives, which showed a dramatic decrease in fluorescence intensity when frozen.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12825 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A High-Resolution Hyperspectral Imaging System for the Retina.","authors":"Minh Ha Tran, Michelle Bryarly, Kelden Pruitt, Ling Ma, Baowei Fei","doi":"10.1117/12.3001647","DOIUrl":"10.1117/12.3001647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we developed an imaging system that can acquire and produce high-resolution hyperspectral images of the retina. Our system combines the view from a high-resolution RGB camera and a snapshot hyperspectral camera together. The method is fast and can be constructed into a compact imaging device. We tested our system by imaging a calibrated color chart, biological tissues <i>ex vivo</i>, and a phantom of the human retina. By using image pansharpening methods, we were able to produce a high-resolution hyperspectral image. The images from the hyperspectral camera alone have a spatial resolution of 0.2 mm/pixel, whereas the pansharpened images have a spatial resolution of 0.1 mm/pixel, a 2x increase in spatial resolution. Our method has the potential to capture images of the retina rapidly. Our method preserves both the spatial and spectral fidelity, as shown by comparing the original hyperspectral images with the pansharpened images. The high-resolution hyperspectral imaging device can have a variety of applications in retina examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12836 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarized Hyperspectral Microscopic Imaging for Zebrafish.","authors":"Ximing Zhou, Hasan K Mubarak, Jaideep Kaur, P C Dave P Dingal, Baowei Fei","doi":"10.1117/12.3007294","DOIUrl":"10.1117/12.3007294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zebrafish is a well-established animal model for developmental and disease studies. Its optical transparency at early developmental stages is ideal for tissue visualization. Interaction of light with zebrafish tissues provides information on their structure and properties. In this study, we developed a microscopic imaging system for improving the visualization of unstained zebrafish tissues on tissue slides, with two different setups: polarized light imaging and polarized hyperspectral imaging. Based on the polarized light imaging setup, we collected the RGB images of Stokes vector parameters (S0, S1, S2, and S3), and calculated the Stokes vector derived parameters: the degree of polarization (DOP), the degree of linear polarization (DOLP)). We also calculated Stokes vector data based on the polarized hyperspectral imaging setup. The preliminary results demonstrate that Stokes vector data in two imaging setups (polarized light imaging and polarized hyperspectral imaging) are capable of improving the visualization of different types of zebrafish tissues (brain, muscle, skin cells, blood vessels, and yolk). Using the images collected from larval zebrafish samples by polarized light imaging, we found that DOP and DOLP could show clearer structural information of the brain and of skin cells, muscle and blood vessels in the tail. Furthermore, DOP and DOLP parameters derived from images collected by polarized hyperspectral imaging could show clearer structural information of skin cells developing around yolk as well as the surrounding blood vessel network. In addition, polarized hyperspectral imaging could provide complementary spectral information to the spatial information on Stokes vector data of zebrafish tissues. The polarized light imaging & polarized hyperspectral imaging systems provide a better insight into the microstructures of zebrafish tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12834 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Luminance on Depth Perception in Augmented Reality Guided Laparoscopic Surgery.","authors":"Athena Reissis, Soojeong Yoo, Matthew J Clarkson, Stephen Thompson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depth perception is a major issue in surgical augmented reality (AR) with limited research conducted in this scientific area. This study establishes a relationship between luminance and depth perception. This can be used to improve visualisation design for AR overlay in laparoscopic surgery, providing surgeons a more accurate perception of the anatomy intraoperatively. Two experiments were conducted to determine this relationship. First, an online study with 59 participants from the general public, and second, an in-person study with 10 surgeons as participants. We developed 2 open-source software tools utilising SciKit-Surgery libraries to enable these studies and any future research. Our findings demonstrate that the higher the relative luminance, the closer a structure is perceived to the operating camera. Furthermore, the higher the luminance contrast between the two structures, the higher the depth distance perceived. The quantitative results from both experiments are in agreement, indicating that online recruitment of the general public can be helpful in similar studies. An observation made by the surgeons from the in-person study was that the light source used in laparoscopic surgery plays a role in depth perception. This is due to its varying positioning and brightness which could affect the perception of the overlaid AR. We found that luminance directly correlates with depth perception for both surgeons and the general public, regardless of other depth cues. Future research may focus on comparing different colours used in surgical AR and using a mock operating room (OR) with varying light sources and positions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12466 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9145274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonizing CT Images via Physics-based Deep Neural Networks.","authors":"Mojtaba Zarei,&nbsp;Saman Sotoudeh-Paima,&nbsp;Cindy McCabe,&nbsp;Ehsan Abadi,&nbsp;Ehsan Samei","doi":"10.1117/12.2654215","DOIUrl":"10.1117/12.2654215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rendition of medical images influences the accuracy and precision of quantifications. Image variations or biases make measuring imaging biomarkers challenging. The objective of this paper is to reduce the variability of computed tomography (CT) quantifications for radiomics and biomarkers using physics-based deep neural networks (DNNs). With the proposed framework, it is possible to harmonize the different renditions of a single CT scan (with variations in reconstruction kernel and dose) into an image that is in close agreement with the ground truth. To this end, a generative adversarial network (GAN) model was developed where the generator is informed by the scanner's modulation transfer function (MTF). To train the network, a virtual imaging trial (VIT) platform was used to acquire CT images, from a set of forty computational models (XCAT) serving as the patient model. Phantoms with varying levels of pulmonary disease, such as lung nodules and emphysema, were used. We scanned the patient models with a validated CT simulator (DukeSim) modeling a commercial CT scanner at 20 and 100 mAs dose levels and then reconstructed the images by twelve kernels representing smooth to sharp kernels. An evaluation of the harmonized virtual images was conducted in four different ways: 1) visual quality of the images, 2) bias and variation in density-based biomarkers, 3) bias and variation in morphological-based biomarkers, and 4) Noise Power Spectrum (NPS) and lung histogram. The trained model harmonized the test set images with a structural similarity index of 0.95±0.1, a normalized mean squared error of 10.2±1.5%, and a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 31.8±1.5 dB. Moreover, emphysema-based imaging biomarkers of LAA-950 (-1.5±1.8), Perc15 (13.65±9.3), and Lung mass (0.1±0.3) had more precise quantifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12463 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10149034/pdf/nihms-1893883.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9411377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Small Lesion Segmentation in CT Scans using Intensity Distribution Supervision: Application to Small Bowel Carcinoid Tumor.","authors":"Seung Yeon Shin,&nbsp;Thomas C Shen,&nbsp;Stephen A Wank,&nbsp;Ronald M Summers","doi":"10.1117/12.2651979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2651979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finding small lesions is very challenging due to lack of noticeable features, severe class imbalance, as well as the size itself. One approach to improve small lesion segmentation is to reduce the region of interest and inspect it at a higher sensitivity rather than performing it for the entire region. It is usually implemented as sequential or joint segmentation of organ and lesion, which requires additional supervision on organ segmentation. Instead, we propose to utilize an intensity distribution of a target lesion at no additional labeling cost to effectively separate regions where the lesions are possibly located from the background. It is incorporated into network training as an auxiliary task. We applied the proposed method to segmentation of small bowel carcinoid tumors in CT scans. We observed improvements for all metrics (33.5% → 38.2%, 41.3% → 47.8%, 30.0% → 35.9% for the global, per case, and per tumor Dice scores, respectively.) compared to the baseline method, which proves the validity of our idea. Our method can be one option for explicitly incorporating intensity distribution information of a target in network training.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12465 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10139734/pdf/nihms-1887669.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9398497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendability Index: A new metric for estimating the effort required for manually editing auto-segmentations of objects of interest.","authors":"Da He,&nbsp;Jayaram K Udupa,&nbsp;Yubing Tong,&nbsp;Drew A Torigian","doi":"10.1117/12.2654421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2654421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Auto-segmentation of medical images is critical to boost precision radiology and radiation oncology efficiency, thereby improving medical quality for both health care practitioners and patients. An appropriate metric to evaluate auto-segmentation results is one of the significant tools necessary for building an effective, robust, and practical auto-segmentation technique. However, by comparing the predicted segmentation with the ground truth, currently widely-used metrics usually focus on the overlapping area (Dice Coefficient) or the most severe shifting of the boundary (Hausdorff Distance), which seem inconsistent with human reader behaviors. Human readers usually verify and correct auto-segmentation contours and then apply the modified segmentation masks to guide clinical application in diagnosis or treatment. A metric called Mendability Index (MI) is proposed to better estimate the effort required for manually editing the auto-segmentations of objects of interest in medical images so that the segmentations become acceptable for the application at hand. Considering different human behaviors for different errors, MI classifies auto-segmented errors into three types with different quantitative behaviors. The fluctuation of human subjective delineation is also considered in MI. 505 3D computed tomography (CT) auto-segmentations consisting of 6 objects from 3 institutions with the corresponding ground truth and the recorded manual mending time needed by experts are used to validate the performance of the proposed MI. The correlation between the time for editing with the segmentation metrics demonstrates that MI is generally more suitable for indicating mending efforts than Dice Coefficient or Hausdorff Distance, suggesting that MI may be an effective metric to quantify the clinical value of auto-segmentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12469 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10227497/pdf/nihms-1903107.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9553345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-angled simultaneous biplane High-Speed Angiography (HSA) of patient-specific 3D-printed aneurysm phantoms using 1000 fps CdTe Photon-Counting Detectors (PCD's).","authors":"E Vanderbilt,&nbsp;X Wu,&nbsp;A Shields,&nbsp;S V Setlur Nagesh,&nbsp;C Ionita,&nbsp;D R Bednarek,&nbsp;S Rudin","doi":"10.1117/12.2653136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2653136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1000 fps HSA enables visualization of flow details, which may be important in accurately guiding interventional procedures; however, single-plane imaging may lack clear visualization of vessel geometry and flow detail. The previously presented high-speed orthogonal biplane imaging may overcome these limitations but may still result in foreshortening of vessel morphology. In certain morphologies, acquiring two non-orthogonal biplane projections at multiple angles can provide better flow detail rather than a standard orthogonal biplane acquisition. Flow studies of aneurysm models were performed, where simultaneous biplane acquisitions at various angles separating the two detector views allowed for better evaluation of morphology and flow. 3D-printed, patient-specific internal carotid artery aneurysm models were imaged with various non-orthogonal angles between the two high-speed photon-counting detectors (7.5 cm x 5 cm FOV) to provide frame-correlated simultaneous 1000-fps image sequences. Fluid dynamics were visualized in multi-angled planes of each model using automated injections of iodine contrast media. The resulting dual simultaneous frame-correlated 1000-fps acquisitions from multiple planes of each aneurysm model provided improved visualization of complex aneurysm geometries and flow streamlines. Multi-angled biplane acquisitions with frame correlation allows for further understanding of aneurysm morphology and flow details: additionally, the ability to recover fluid dynamics at depth enables accurate analysis of 3D flow streamlines, and it is expected that multiple-planar views will enable better volumetric flow visualization and quantification. Such better visualization has the potential to improve interventional procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12468 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327531/pdf/nihms-1870982.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10186430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eye-Lens Dose Reduction using Region of Interest (ROI) Attenuators in Neuroimaging.","authors":"Martina P Orji,&nbsp;Chao Guo,&nbsp;Zhenyu Xiong,&nbsp;S V Setlur Nagesh,&nbsp;Stephen Rudin,&nbsp;Daniel R Bednarek","doi":"10.1117/12.2653984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2653984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lens dose can be high during neuro-interventional procedures, increasing the risk of cataractogenesis. Although beam collimation can be effective in reducing lens dose, it also restricts the FOV. ROI imaging with a reduced-dose peripheral field permits full-field information with reduced lens dose. This work investigates the magnitude of lens-dose reduction possible with ROI imaging. EGSnrc Monte-Carlo calculations of lens dose were made for the Zubal head phantom as a function of gantry angulation and head shift from isocenter for both large and small FOV's. The lens dose for ROI attenuators of varying transmission was simulated as the weighted sum of the lens dose from the small ROI FOV and that from the attenuated larger FOV. Image intensity and quantum mottle differences between ROI and periphery can be equalized by image processing. The lens dose varies considerably with beam angle, head shift, and field size. For both eyes, the lens-dose reduction with an ROI attenuator increases with LAO angulation, being highest for lateral projections and lowest for PA. For an attenuator with small ROI field (5 × 5 cm) and 20% transmission, the lens dose for lateral projections is reduced by about 75% compared to a full dose 10 ×10 cm FOV, while the reduction ranges between 30 and 40% for PA projections. Use of ROI attenuators can substantially reduce the dose to the lens of the eye for all gantry angles and head shifts, while allowing peripheral information to be seen in a larger FOV.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12463 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327446/pdf/nihms-1871042.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9864742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometrically independent contrast dilution gradient (CDG) velocimetry using photon-counting 1000 fps High Speed Angiography (HSA) for 2D velocity distribution estimation.","authors":"Kyle A Williams,&nbsp;Allison Shields,&nbsp;S V Setlur Nagesh,&nbsp;Daniel R Bednarek,&nbsp;Stephen Rudin,&nbsp;Ciprian N Ionita","doi":"10.1117/12.2654308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2654308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of contrast dilution gradient (CDG) analysis in determining large vessel velocity distributions from 1000 fps high-speed angiography (HSA). However, the method required vessel centerline extraction, which made it applicable only to non-tortuous geometries using a highly specific contrast injection technique. This study seeks to remove the need for <i>a priori</i> knowledge regarding the direction of flow and modify the vessel sampling method to make the algorithm more robust to non-linear geometries.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>1000 fps HSA acquisitions were obtained <i>in vitro</i> with a benchtop flow loop using the XC-Actaeon (Varex Inc.) photon-counting detector, and <i>in silico</i> using a passive-scalar transport model within a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. CDG analyses were obtained using gridline sampling across the vessel, and subsequent 1D velocity measurement in both the x- and y-directions. The velocity magnitudes derived from the component CDG velocity vectors were aligned with CFD results via co-registration of the resulting velocity maps and compared using mean absolute percent error (MAPE) between pixels values in each method after temporal averaging of the 1-ms velocity distributions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regions well-saturated with contrast throughout the acquisition showed agreement when compared to CFD (MAPE of 18% for the carotid bifurcation inlet and MAPE of 27% for the internal carotid aneurysm), with respective completion times of 137 seconds and 5.8 seconds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CDG may be used to obtain velocity distributions in and surrounding vascular pathologies provided the contrast injection is sufficient to provide a gradient, and diffusion of contrast through the system is negligible.</p>","PeriodicalId":74505,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"12468 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327489/pdf/nihms-1871113.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}