Precision nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Early Life Origins of Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in Boston Birth Cohort: Review of Findings and Future directions.","authors":"Kartikeya Makker, Xiaobin Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10810337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139572289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early enteral nutrition for mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Guang-yu Yang, Han-yang Yue, M. Sun, Yu Wang, Ruijun Zhang, Dong Wang, Ting Yuan, Chi Zhang, Lu Wang, J. Zeng, Huan Jiang","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PN9.0000000000000052","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aims to systematically review the efficacy of early enteral nutrition for mechanically ventilated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods: Relevant clinical studies published from December 2019 to May 2023 were retrieved from the electronic databases. The primary outcome was overall mortality. The secondary outcomes included length of hospitalization, intensive care unit length of stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation. The quality of enrolled studies was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: A total of 1229 potentially relevant titles and abstracts were screened. After reviewing, five studies enrolling 2054 patients were eventually included. All five articles were retrospective cohort studies. There was no significant difference in overall mortality (relative risk = 0.92, 95% confidence interval [0.74,1.15], P = 0.48) between the early enteral nutrition group and the late enteral nutrition group. The patients who received early enteral nutrition tend to stay in the hospital for less time but the difference is not significant (mean difference = −4.82, 95% confidence interval [−11.47, 1.83], P = 0.16). The mechanical ventilation days of patients who received early enteral nutrition were shortened (mean difference = −0.70, 95% confidence interval [−0.99, −0.40], P < 0.00001). Conclusion: Early enteral nutrition helps to wean patients from the ventilator, may reduce intensive care unit hospitalization, and help reach the feeding target of ventilated patients with COVID-19. Owing to the small number of included studies and the relatively low quality of study design, more rigorous, and large-scale clinical trials are urgently needed to verify above findings.","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"51 1","pages":"e00052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualization of nutrition research in 2022: a bibliometric analysis","authors":"Tiantian Wu, Mingming Zhou, C. Song","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PN9.0000000000000049","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Nutrition is very important for human health, especially for clinical patients, and it is a very large area of research worth exploring. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of nutrition researches to determine the current status, hotspots and frontiers in this field in 2022. Methods: Publications about nutrition were taken from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WOSCC). WOSCC’s literature analysis wire, the VOSviewer 1.6.19 was adopted to conduct the analysis. Results: These articles were written by more than 100,000 authors from 19,488 affiliations in 183 countries or regions, and were published in 3282 journals, and covered 127 research areas. The leading authors were Prado Carla M. and Shi Hanping. All publications were taken from 183 countries/regions and 19,488 organizations. The most productive countries are China and the United States. The most active institutions are the Harvard University and University of California System. A total of 3282 journals contributed to this field, and the leading journals were Clinical Nutrition and Nutrients. The important author keywords occurred most frequently were nutrition, sarcopenia, malnutrition, obesity, and diet. Conclusion: This study provided the dynamics and progress of nutrition research field. The studies about nutrition are booming. Future nutrition-related research could focus on sarcopenia, malnutrition, obesity, and diet.","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"68 1","pages":"e00049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric measurements as nutritional indicators and association with sociodemographic factors among the Idoma ethnic group in Nigeria","authors":"S. Obaje, B. Danborno, S. Akuyam, J. Timbuak","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PN9.0000000000000048","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anthropometric measurements have been widely used as nutritional indicators (NIs) to evaluate the nutritional status of individuals and populations. However, there is limited research on the association between anthropometric measurements and sociodemographic factors in the Idoma ethnic group in Nigeria. This study aimed to examine the association between anthropometric measurements and sociodemographic factors among the Idoma ethnic group in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 617 individuals aged 11-19 years. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body mass index (BMI), were measured using standard procedures. Sociodemographic data, including age, gender, education level, occupation, and income, were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results: The results showed that the mean BMI of the participants was 25.2 ± 5.2 kg/m², with 7.9% of the participants classified as overweight and 7.4% as obese. The prevalence of underweight and wasting were 48% and 35.8%. Variables such as age-sex, number of siblings, birth order, and family members were found to be significantly associated with NIs by binary logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study highlights the high prevalence of overweight and obesity among the Idoma ethnic group in Nigeria. Sociodemographic factors, including education level, occupation, and income, were found to be associated with NIs. These findings have important implications for the development of targeted interventions to improve the nutritional status of the Idoma ethnic group.","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 1","pages":"e00048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46146555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional issues in stroke prevention","authors":"J. Spence","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PN9.0000000000000046","url":null,"abstract":"A brief narrative review of nutritional issues in stroke prevention is presented. Topics discussed include obesity, dietary cholesterol and saturated fat, harm from egg yolk and meat intake, metabolic B12 deficiency, B vitamins to lower homocysteine, salt intake, and diet. Persons at risk of stroke should avoid egg yolk and limit the intake of animal flesh, particularly red meat. They should consume a mainly vegetarian Mediterranean diet, and limit their intake of salt (sodium chloride) to ~ 2-3 grams per day or less. They should check their serum B12 and plasma total homocysteine, and treat them if abnormal, with methylcobalamin or hydroxocobalamin rather than cyanocobalamin.","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 1","pages":"e00046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47260189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nutrition education based on IIFAR regimen on patients with gastrointestinal cancer complicated with diabetes mellitus","authors":"Xiaoling Li, Weijing Qi, Chun-Wei Chen, Feng Yang, Yanhong Ge, Zengning Li","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PN9.0000000000000045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For patients with gastrointestinal cancer complicated with diabetes, carrying out more effective nutrition education is recommended. However, the current nutrition education protocol is ineffective, resulting in patients suffering from malnutrition and poor blood glucose control. The best education strategy for dietary behavior change in patients with gastrointestinal cancer complicated with diabetes is still unclear. Objective: This article aimed to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of IIFAR (initial check, information exchange, final accuracy check, and response) based nutrition education protocol in patients of gastrointestinal cancer complicated with diabetes. Method: A total of 80 patients with gastrointestinal cancer complicated with diabetes during chemotherapy were recruited from June 2021 to June 2022. They were randomly divided into control group and intervention group with 40 cases each. The control group received routine nutrition education. The intervention group received nutrition education based on the IIFAR regimen. The dietary structure, nutritional status, and blood glucose level before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Result: The nutritional status and blood glucose control in the intervention group were better than those in the control group. Dietary surveys in the intervention group showed a healthier diet. Nutrition knowledge–attitude–behavior survey showed that the intervention group scored higher than the control group. Conclusion: Nutrition education based on the IIFAR program is feasible and effective for this population. In particular, IIFAR-based nutrition education during the active phase of patients’ cancer treatment provides health benefits. Further translational research is also needed to determine the feasibility, enablers, and barriers for clinicians embedding this approach into routine cancer survivorship care.","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 1","pages":"e00045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46675351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of consuming a Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy on neurodevelopmental disabilities in offspring: results from the Boston Birth Cohort.","authors":"Xiaoyu Che, Susan M Gross, Guoying Wang, Xiumei Hong, Colleen Pearson, Tami Bartell, Xiaobin Wang","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000047","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While consuming a Mediterranean-style diet (MSD) among pregnant women is expected to affect offspring neurodevelopment, the current evidence is limited. This prospective birth cohort study aimed to explore the association of maternal MSD with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) in offspring, especially among children born to mothers with overweight or obesity (OWO) and/or diabetes mellitus (DM) since they have a higher risk for oxidative stress and immune/metabolic disturbances.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a subgroup of mother-child dyads enrolled in the Boston Birth Cohort. Maternal dietary information (<i>via</i> food frequency questionnaires, Food frequency questionnaires [FFQ]) and sociodemographic information were obtained <i>via</i> in-person interviews within 24 to 72 hours postpartum. Maternal clinical information and child diagnosis of NDD including autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and other developmental disabilities (DD) were extracted from medical records. A Mediterranean-style diet score (MSDS) was calculated using the FFQ. The association of maternal MSDS with NDD, autism, ADHD, and other DD was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for pertinent covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 3153 mother-child pairs, from which we identified diagnoses of 1362 (43.2%) NDD, including 123 (3.9%) case of autism, 445 (14.1%) ADHD, and 794 (25.2%) other DD. In the overall sample, women with a higher maternal MSDS (per standard deviation increase) were less likely to have offspring with NDD (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.904, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.817-1.000; <i>P</i> value: 0.049). Using MSDS quintile 1 as the reference, being in the combined group of quintiles 3-5 was associated with a 26% lower likelihood of NDD (adjusted OR: 0.738, 95% CI: 0.572-0.951; <i>P</i> value: 0.019). When stratified by mothers with OWO/DM <i>vs.</i> without OWO/DM, the association between maternal MSDS and offspring NDD was greater in children born to mothers with OWO/DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this prospective birth cohort, a higher maternal MSDS was associated with a lower likelihood of NDD in the offspring. Furthermore, this association of maternal MSDS with offspring NDD was greater in children born to women with OWO/DM. More studies are needed to replicate the findings and further analyze NDD subgroups and explore underlying molecular pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 3","pages":"e00047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bf/7d/pn9-2-e00047.PMC10513021.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41161276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical monitoring and causal inference for respiratory metabolic indicators of septic patients","authors":"Mei G Sun, Yunhan Wang, Han-yang Yue, Jianguo Hou, Jun Li, Qiyu Wu, Hua Jiang, Qi Wang","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PN9.0000000000000042","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this study is to develop monitoring and predictive models for respiratory dynamics of sepsis to improve the emergency medical care of septic shock patients. Methods: We develop two patient-specific models to recognize and forecast the respiratory dynamics of a septic shock patient using the patient’s longitudinal data of three respiratory metabolic indicators PO2, PCO2, and SpO2, obtained from the arterial blood gas analysis over 8 days. The first is based on the neural dynamical system architecture while the second is on the long and short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture. The causal relations among the indicators are inferred via information flow theory from the dynamical system models. Results: The models recognize the respiratory dynamics of the septic patient very well and can make short-term predictions with clinically acceptable relative errors of less than 5.2% in the L1 and L2 norm and less than 8.2% in the L norm, attesting to the effectiveness of the models. The subsequent causal analysis shows that SpO2 or PO2 is, respectively, the cause of PCO2, while there exist mutually causal relationships between SpO2 and PO2, consistent with the clinical experience. Conclusions: These models provide useful quantitative tools for physicians to make critical diagnostic and treatment decisions for septic shock patients in emergency situations.","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 1","pages":"e00042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48430825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the Smoking-Hypertension Paradox in Pregnancy: Insight from a Multiethnic US Birth Cohort.","authors":"H M Garrison-Desany,&nbsp;C Ladd-Acosta,&nbsp;X Hong,&nbsp;G Wang,&nbsp;I Burd,&nbsp;Z M Sanchez,&nbsp;X Wang,&nbsp;P J Surkan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking during pregnancy has been associated with reduced risk of a spectrum of hypertensive (HTN) disorders, known as the \"smoking-hypertension paradox.\"</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to test potential epidemiologic explanations for the smoking-hypertension paradox.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 8,510 pregnant people in the Boston Birth Cohort, including 4,027 non-Hispanic Black and 2,428 Hispanic pregnancies. Study participants self-reported tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, opioids, or cocaine use during pregnancy. We used logistic regression to assess effect modification by race/ethnicity, and confounding of concurrent substances on hypertensive disorders or prior pregnancy. We also investigated early gestational age as a collider or competing risk for pre-eclampsia, using cause-specific Cox models and Fine-Gray models, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We replicated the paradox showing smoking to be protective against hypertensive disorders among Black participants who used other substances as well (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.93), but observed null effects for Hispanic participants (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.55, 2.36). In our cause-specific Cox regression, the effects of tobacco use were reduced to null effects with pre-eclampsia (aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.63, 1.04) after stratifying for preterm birth. For the Fine-Gray competing risk analysis, the paradoxical associations remained. The smoking paradox was either not observed or reversed after accounting for race/ethnicity, other substance use, and collider-stratification due to preterm birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings offer new insights into this paradox and underscore the importance of considering multiple sources of bias in assessing the smoking-hypertension association in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10312115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the smoking-hypertension paradox in pregnancy: insight from a multiethnic US birth cohort.","authors":"Henri M Garrison-Desany,&nbsp;Christine Ladd-Acosta,&nbsp;Xiumei Hong,&nbsp;Guoying Wang,&nbsp;Irina Burd,&nbsp;Zila van der Meer Sanchez,&nbsp;Xiaobin Wang,&nbsp;Pamela J Surkan","doi":"10.1097/PN9.0000000000000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PN9.0000000000000035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking during pregnancy has been associated with reduced risk of a spectrum of hypertensive (HTN) disorders, known as the \"smoking-hypertension paradox.\"</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to test potential epidemiologic explanations for the smoking-hypertension paradox.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 8510 pregnant people in the Boston Birth Cohort, including 4027 non-Hispanic Black and 2428 Hispanic pregnancies. Study participants self-reported tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, opioids, or cocaine use during pregnancy. We used logistic regression to assess effect modification by race/ethnicity, and confounding of concurrent substances on hypertensive disorders or prior pregnancy. We also investigated early gestational age as a collider or competing risk for pre-eclampsia, using cause-specific Cox models and Fine-Gray models, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We replicated the paradox showing smoking to be protective against hypertensive disorders among Black participants who used other substances as well (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.93), but observed null effects for Hispanic participants (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.55, 2.36). In our cause-specific Cox regression, the effects of tobacco use were reduced to null effects with pre-eclampsia (aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.63, 1.04) after stratifying for preterm birth. For the Fine-Gray competing risk analysis, the paradoxical associations remained. The smoking paradox was either not observed or reversed after accounting for race/ethnicity, other substance use, and collider-stratification due to preterm birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings offer new insights into this paradox and underscore the importance of considering multiple sources of bias in assessing the smoking-hypertension association in pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74488,"journal":{"name":"Precision nutrition","volume":"2 2","pages":"e00035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10312115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41176094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}