PNAS nexus最新文献

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Community composition as an overlooked driver of spatial population synchrony. 社区构成:一个被忽视的空间人口同步驱动因素。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-21 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf272
Stefano Larsen, Lise Comte, Xingli Giam, Katie Irving, Pablo A Tedesco, Julian D Olden
{"title":"Community composition as an overlooked driver of spatial population synchrony.","authors":"Stefano Larsen, Lise Comte, Xingli Giam, Katie Irving, Pablo A Tedesco, Julian D Olden","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf272","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal populations often display coherent temporal fluctuations in their abundance, with far-ranging implications for species persistence and ecosystem stability. The key mechanisms driving spatial population synchrony include organismal dispersal, spatially correlated environmental dynamics (Moran effect) and concordant consumer-resource dynamics. Disentangling these mechanisms, however, is notoriously difficult in natural systems, and the extent to which the biotic environment (intensity and types of biotic interactions) mediates metapopulation dynamics remains a largely unanswered question. Here, we test the hypothesis that compositional differences among communities (i.e. beta-diversity), used as a proxy of the differences in biotic interactions experienced by separated populations, reduce population synchrony. Using an extensive dataset of fish population abundance time-series across Europe, we provide evidence that higher beta-diversity is associated with reduced spatial population synchrony within river networks and demonstrate that these effects are independent from geographic separation, environmental dissimilarity, and Moran effects. Although beta-diversity is commonly shown to promote metacommunity stability by reducing spatial synchrony in aggregate community attributes (e.g. total biomass), our study indicates that compositional heterogeneity provides a previously overlooked spatial insurance effect that influences metapopulation dynamics by promoting asynchrony between populations separated in space. These findings illustrate how community assembly across different locations within river networks contributes to metapopulation stability and persistence of individual species and further highlights the implications of the loss in beta-diversity over time via biotic homogenization.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 9","pages":"pgaf272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does civilian oversight impact police legitimacy? 民事监督会影响警察的合法性吗?
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-21 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf267
Kaylyn Jackson Schiff, Daniel S Schiff, Bryant J Moy, Joshua McCrain, Scott M Mourtgos, Ian T Adams
{"title":"Does civilian oversight impact police legitimacy?","authors":"Kaylyn Jackson Schiff, Daniel S Schiff, Bryant J Moy, Joshua McCrain, Scott M Mourtgos, Ian T Adams","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf267","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Does the implementation of external oversight in policing improve public perceptions of police legitimacy? Civilian review boards (CRBs) are frequently promoted as mechanisms to enhance the legitimacy of police agencies by providing independent oversight. Despite public support for CRBs, their adoption and effectiveness remain limited, raising concerns about their actual impact on procedural fairness and police legitimacy. This study assesses the role of CRBs in shaping public perceptions by examining various decision-making scenarios involving police chiefs and CRBs. Using a survey experiment fielded to 2,503 respondents, we investigate whether CRBs enhance legitimacy when they either coincide with or conflict with police chiefs' determinations in cases of officer misconduct. Our findings suggest that while CRBs may enhance perceptions of procedural fairness for some, particularly those with negative views of police, their involvement does not generally increase legitimacy. In fact, when CRBs conflict with police chiefs, they may diminish public trust in both policing and civilian oversight and further entrench politically polarized attitudes towards policing. These results provide empirical evidence to support concerns that CRBs might not fulfill their intended role in enhancing police legitimacy, especially in cases of institutional disagreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 9","pages":"pgaf267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using mosquito and arbovirus data to computationally predict West Nile virus in unsampled areas of the Northeast United States. 利用蚊子和虫媒病毒数据计算预测美国东北部未采样地区的西尼罗河病毒。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-19 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf227
Joseph R McMillan, James Sun, Luis Fernando Chaves, Philip M Armstrong
{"title":"Using mosquito and arbovirus data to computationally predict West Nile virus in unsampled areas of the Northeast United States.","authors":"Joseph R McMillan, James Sun, Luis Fernando Chaves, Philip M Armstrong","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf227","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Predicting and projecting risk of West Nile virus (WNV) to humans in areas without mosquito surveillance data is a key limitation of many WNV surveillance programs. To better inform risk of WNV, we analyzed 20 years (2001-2020) of point-level mosquito surveillance data from Connecticut (CT), United States, using machine learning methods to determine the most informative weather variables and land cover classes associated with monthly <i>Culex pipiens</i> collections and WNV detections in mosquitoes. All training models were assessed based on explained deviance, root mean square error, and parsimony of included variables then optimized using a backward selection process. We used these training models to create a predictive mapping framework that could spatially extrapolate the monthly risk of WNV activity in mosquitoes across the entirety of the Northeast United States (CT, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont) at a 4 × 4 km resolution. We then validated WNV detection probabilities against observed human cases at the town level in CT and the county level for northeastern states using generalized linear (mixed effects) models. Our predicted town- and county-level WNV detection probabilities in mosquitoes were significantly associated with the odds of a human case occurring within the town and/or county. This methodology increases the utility of point-source mosquito surveillance data by creating a flexible workflow for predicting risk of WNV to humans across the Northeast United States using easily accessible online data sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 8","pages":"pgaf227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bacterial membrane vesicles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa activate adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling through inhibition of mitochondrial complex III. 铜绿假单胞菌的细菌膜囊泡通过抑制线粒体复合体III激活单磷酸腺苷活化的蛋白激酶信号。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-19 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf248
Julia Müller, Marcel Kretschmer, Elise Opitsch, Svea Holland, José Manuel Borrero-de Acuña, Dieter Jahn, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Andre Wegner
{"title":"Bacterial membrane vesicles of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> activate adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling through inhibition of mitochondrial complex III.","authors":"Julia Müller, Marcel Kretschmer, Elise Opitsch, Svea Holland, José Manuel Borrero-de Acuña, Dieter Jahn, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Andre Wegner","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf248","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are secreted by many pathogenic bacteria and known to stimulate various host responses upon infection, thereby contributing to the pathogenicity of bacterial pathogens like <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. While the effects of BMVs on host immune responses are well studied, little is known about their impact on cell metabolism and mitochondrial respiration. Here, we show that <i>P. aeruginosa</i> BMVs (i) reprogram cell metabolism of human lung cells, (ii) negatively affect mitochondrial respiration by (iii) specifically inhibiting complex III of the electron transport chain, leading to (iv) the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, which in turn results in (v) AMPK-dependent inhibition of global protein synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 8","pages":"pgaf248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12368959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In utero exposure to extreme heat increases neonatal mortality. 在子宫内暴露于极端高温会增加新生儿死亡率。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-19 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf240
Tenghui Wang, Jiafu An, Bin Chen, Chris John Webster, Peng Gong, Chen Lin
{"title":"In utero exposure to extreme heat increases neonatal mortality.","authors":"Tenghui Wang, Jiafu An, Bin Chen, Chris John Webster, Peng Gong, Chen Lin","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf240","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has had the highest neonatal mortality rate in the world for the past few decades. In 2021, 27 infants died within the first month of life for every thousand live births in SSA, accounting for 54% of infant deaths (0-12 months) on the continent. Meanwhile, extreme heat events are occurring with increasingly higher frequency in this region due to climate change, worsening the living and health conditions for already vulnerable populations. Despite the prominence of high neonatal mortality rates and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events in SSA, it remains unclear whether in-utero exposure to extreme heat is a significant contributing factor. Our research investigates this question using granular data on extreme heat and birth records from 33 African countries drawn from the Demographic and Health Surveys. It collects nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional surveys that assess reproductive and health behaviors across the developing countries every 5 years. Employing a measure of heat that simultaneously accounts for the impact of humidity, we show that a cumulative increase of 150 °C in extreme heat exposure during the 9-month pregnancy period is associated with two additional neonatal deaths per thousand live births. Mothers with lower economic status or limited education experience a more pronounced negative impact from exposure to extreme heat, likely due to reduced prenatal care. Our results are relevant to policymakers aiming to curb the negative impacts of climate change by better targeting the victims of extreme heat and developing effective adaptation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 8","pages":"pgaf240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of kinematic constraints in the time reversal symmetry breaking of a model active matter. 运动约束在模型活动物质时间反转对称性破缺中的作用。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-18 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf266
Soumen Das, Shankar Ghosh, Tridib Sadhu, Juliane U Klamser
{"title":"Role of kinematic constraints in the time reversal symmetry breaking of a model active matter.","authors":"Soumen Das, Shankar Ghosh, Tridib Sadhu, Juliane U Klamser","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf266","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active-matter systems are inherently out-of-equilibrium and perform mechanical work by utilizing their internal energy sources. Breakdown of time-reversal symmetry (BTRS) is a hallmark of such dissipative nonequilibrium dynamics. We introduce a robust, experimentally accessible, noninvasive, quantitative measure of BTRS in terms of the Kullback-Leibler divergence in collision events, demonstrated in our novel artificial active matter, comprised of battery-powered spherical rolling robots whose energetics in different modes of motion can be measured with high precision. Our model independent, dimensionless measure characterizes how dissipation and internal energetics are influenced by kinematic constraints from interactions with the environment. We propose this measure of BTRS as an empirical estimate of the distance from equilibrium. An energetic insight into this departure of active matter from equilibrium comes from our demonstration of a nontrivial fluctuation symmetry, which reveals a potentially universal thermodynamic characteristic of active energetics. As a many-body consequence of BTRS in our experimental active system, we demonstrate the emergence of herding, which has no equilibrium analog.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 9","pages":"pgaf266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The RNA degradation enzyme RNase E is essential for early flagellar assembly in Escherichia coli. RNA降解酶RNase E对大肠杆菌早期鞭毛组装至关重要。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-18 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf269
Wei-Syuan Wang, Yu-Hsiang Chen, Gunn-Guang Liou, Oleg N Murashko, Sue Lin-Chao
{"title":"The RNA degradation enzyme RNase E is essential for early flagellar assembly in <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Wei-Syuan Wang, Yu-Hsiang Chen, Gunn-Guang Liou, Oleg N Murashko, Sue Lin-Chao","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf269","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Escherichia coli</i> endoribonuclease E (RNase E), encoded by the essential <i>rne</i> gene and conserved across γ-Proteobacteria, plays a central role in RNA processing and decay. We show here that <i>rne</i>-null strain, <i>rne</i>-null strain complemented with catalytic-null RNase E mutant, and C-terminal-truncated strain (Rned500) all lack flagellar biogenesis and motility under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, which are restored by wild-type RNase E complementation. The Rned500 displays dysregulated expression of the three-tiered flagellar transcriptional cascade, increased stability of flagellar mRNAs, and reduced flagellar protein levels through sRNA-dependent translational inhibition. However, ectopic expression of flagellar master regulators or flagellar proteins fails to restore flagellar biogenesis and motility. To investigate the underlying defect, we examined the cellular localization of the early flagellar structural protein FliF and found it mislocalized in Rned500, indicating a disruption of early flagellar assembly. This defect is further supported by the impaired secretion of the flagellar anti-sigma factor FlgM in Rned500, a process that requires a functional flagellar basal body. Complementation with wild-type RNase E in Rned500 fully restores expression of the flagellar cascade, proper membrane localization of FliF, flagella formation, and motility. Wild-type RNase E-expressing strains, but not Rned500, activate Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5)-dependent nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in THP-1 human monocytic cells through flagellin. This response, confirmed by a TLR5 dual-luciferase reporter assay in transfected HEK293T human embryonic kidney cells, highlights RNase E's role in enabling flagellar expression required for cellular immune activation. Collectively, these results identify RNase E as a key flagellar biogenesis regulator, revealing novel posttranscriptional control mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 9","pages":"pgaf269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A multiagent reinforcement learning algorithm for personalized recommendations in bipolar disorder. 双相情感障碍个性化推荐的多智能体强化学习算法。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-14 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf246
Sidian Lin, Soroush Saghafian, Jessica M Lipschitz, Katherine E Burdick
{"title":"A multiagent reinforcement learning algorithm for personalized recommendations in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Sidian Lin, Soroush Saghafian, Jessica M Lipschitz, Katherine E Burdick","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf246","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study introduces a novel multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithm designed for identifying and optimizing personalized recommendations in bipolar disorder. The algorithm leverages longitudinal offline data from wearables to recommend self-care strategies tailored to individual patients. We focus on self-care strategies involving physical activity (measured by steps), sleep duration, and bedtime consistency, aiming to reduce the periods of mood exacerbations. A key innovation of our MARL approach is the integration of copulas to model interagent dependencies, enhancing coordination among agents and improving policy learning. Findings suggest that following our algorithm's self-care recommendations could significantly reduce periods of elevated mood symptoms, resulting in improved overall well-being. Finally, the algorithm offers important clinical insights for treating bipolar patients, and shows promising theoretical properties independent of the specific application. Thus, this work not only advances MARL applications in personalized healthcare but also provides a new algorithmic approach for adaptive interventions in a wide range of chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 8","pages":"pgaf246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Traces of phylogeny and ecology in hippocampal neuron numbers. 海马体神经元数量的系统发育和生态学痕迹。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-13 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf261
Jovana Maliković, Juan L Cantalapiedra, Lorenzo Vinciguerra, Katja Schönbächler, Ana Luiza F Destro, Jennifer Rodger, Marielle Jörimann, Liora Las, Stephen G Hörpel, David P Wolfer, Lutz Slomianka, Irmgard Amrein
{"title":"Traces of phylogeny and ecology in hippocampal neuron numbers.","authors":"Jovana Maliković, Juan L Cantalapiedra, Lorenzo Vinciguerra, Katja Schönbächler, Ana Luiza F Destro, Jennifer Rodger, Marielle Jörimann, Liora Las, Stephen G Hörpel, David P Wolfer, Lutz Slomianka, Irmgard Amrein","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf261","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is not known how selective pressures shape the numbers of interconnected neurons in defined neural circuits during the phylogeny of mammals. Consequently, models of function are without phylogenetic bounds, and species differences in neuronal makeup cannot be linked to ecological factors that generate selective pressures. Based on data from 65 species belonging to 11 orders, we here provide an analysis of five interconnected neuron populations in the circuitry of the hippocampus, the forebrain region encoding episodic memories. Related species tend to share traits in the hippocampal makeup, with distinct differences between clades. Phylogenetic signals result in the clustering of related species according to relative neuron numbers, but signal strengths allow the clusters to overlap. Tree-based methods show that neuron numbers can be explained by a selective mechanism that constrains them close to an across-species mean. Neuron numbers concerned with hippocampal input are more constrained than those providing output. An ancestral state estimate is provided, and species close to this phenotype are identified. Of the ecological factors tested, food, in terms of diet breadth, leaves its trace in many neuron numbers and strongly so in hippocampal input populations. Home range effects are more selective and relate to neuron ratios rather than neuron numbers. Phylogenetic constraints and ecologically guided relations seem necessary for the appropriate function of hippocampal input across a wide range of species.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 9","pages":"pgaf261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Underestimation of systolic pressure in cuff-based blood pressure measurement. 袖带式血压测量中收缩压的低估。
IF 3.8
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf222
Kate Bassil, Anurag Agarwal
{"title":"Underestimation of systolic pressure in cuff-based blood pressure measurement.","authors":"Kate Bassil, Anurag Agarwal","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf222","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High blood pressure (hypertension) is the number one risk factor for premature death. Hypertension is asymptomatic, so blood pressure must be regularly monitored to diagnose it. In auscultatory blood pressure measurement, a patient's systolic (maximum) and diastolic (minimum) blood pressure are inferred from the pressure in an inflatable cuff wrapped around the arm. This technique is the gold standard against which all other noninvasive devices are validated. However, auscultatory measurements systematically underestimate systolic blood pressure and overestimate diastolic blood pressure. Overestimation is attributed to the increased cuff pressure needed to occlude the artery because of the surrounding tissue and arterial stiffness. In contrast, the cause of systolic underestimation, which leads to potentially a third of systolic hypertension cases being missed, has remained unclear. When the cuff is inflated beyond the systolic blood pressure, the blood flow to the vessels downstream of the cuff is cut off. The pressure in these downstream vessels drops to a low plateau. We have developed a novel experimental rig that shows that the low downstream pressure is the key cause of the underestimation of systolic blood pressure. The lower the downstream pressure, the greater the underestimation. Our results yield a simple physical model for the underestimation of systolic pressure in our rig and in the human body. Understanding the physics behind the underestimation of systolic blood pressure paves the way for developing strategies to mitigate this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 8","pages":"pgaf222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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