PNAS nexus最新文献

{"title":"Estradiol mitigates lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and MAPKs activation in NASH rat model with bilateral orchidectomy.","authors":"Fatist Okrit, Maneerat Chayanupatkul, Natcha Wanpiyarat, Prasong Siriviriyakul, Duangporn Werawatganon","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag279","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by hepatocyte injury and lobular inflammation driven by lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Low testosterone levels are associated with increased steatosis risk, particularly in transgender women undergoing feminization. To investigate the effects of estradiol supplementation and its mechanisms involving lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling (ERK, JNK, and p38) in testosterone-deficient rats fed a high-fat, high-fructose (HFHF) diet. Twenty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups (<i>n</i> = 7/group): (i) control (standard diet), (ii) ORX + HFHF (bilateral orchidectomy plus HFHF diet), and (iii) ORX + HFHF + E2 (ORX + HFHF plus oral estradiol, 1.6 mg/kg/day). After 6 weeks, the ORX + HFHF group exhibited the greatest hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning, NAS scores, and Oil Red O staining. Lipid accumulation markers (PLIN2 and Foxa1), oxidative stress markers (MDA, 4-hydroxynonenal, HO-1, and iNOS), and Nrf2 expression were significantly increased versus controls. Testosterone deficiency combined with HFHF feeding induced apoptosis primarily through the intrinsic pathway, evidenced by increased Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9, while caspase-8 showed an increasing trend. Estradiol supplementation significantly attenuated NASH pathology by reducing lipogenesis, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, with these effects strongly associated with suppression of all MAPK subtypes. Estradiol mitigates NASH progression in testosterone-deficient rats by modulating lipid metabolism, restoring antioxidant defenses, suppressing intrinsic apoptosis, and inhibiting MAPK signaling. These findings provide mechanistic insight into hormone therapy in transgender women and identify GPER/MAPK signaling as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host nucleolin-targeting unique peptide drugs as potent broad-spectrum anti-influenza therapies.","authors":"Thu Ha Nguyen, Muhammad Sharif, Jae-Hyun Kim, Yeong-Bin Baek, Mahmoud Soliman, Hyung-Jun Kwon, Seong-Hun Jeong, Ragab Farouk, Shaimaa Aboelmagd, Jae-Ha Ryu, Gyeong Min Kim, Woonsung Na, Don-Kyu Kim, Jeong-Sun Kim, Dong Ju Lee, Jae Il Kim, Kyoung-Oh Cho","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag269","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The persistent threat of influenza pandemics and seasonal outbreaks, coupled with rising resistance to existing antiviral drugs targeting influenza viruses, necessitates the development of new therapeutics. This study investigated the antiviral potential of cell-penetrating peptide-conjugated host nucleolin (NCL)-binding peptide drugs, AGM-380d (dimeric) and AGM-380t (tetrameric), as innovative, broad-spectrum host-directed anti-influenza therapies. Infection with both influenza A and B viruses (IAVs and IBVs) significantly increased NCL expression and colocalization with viral nucleoprotein (NP), a core component of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes, in both in vitro and in vivo settings. The peptide drugs rapidly localized to the nucleolus and specifically bound to NCL. This targeted binding successfully disrupted the interaction between NCL and the NP of IAV and IBV, effectively blocking nuclear NP trafficking and inhibiting the replication of both pandemic and seasonal strains. Importantly, AGM-380d and AGM-380t protected mice from lethal IAV challenge by markedly reducing lung viral replication and pathology. The combination of AGM-380t with oseltamivir resulted in 100% protection from mortality following the deadly IAV challenge. In conclusion, AGM-380d and AGM-380t are highly promising as novel, broad-spectrum host-directed antivirals for the management of seasonal and pandemic influenza.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A conditional threat-regulation model: When deliberative processing of ongoing threat reduces intergroup bias.","authors":"Carmit T Tadmor, Melody M Chao, Ying-Yi Hong, Lawrance Y Cai","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag295","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ongoing societal threats such as war, civil unrest, and pandemics heighten intergroup bias by inducing cognitive rigidity and suppressing complex reasoning. Yet most bias-reduction strategies require conditions that threat itself undermines, including direct engagement with outgroups. We propose a conditional threat-regulation model that specifies when and for whom threat-induced cognitive rigidity can be regulated in the face of threat. Across three experiments conducted during real societal crises in Israel, Hong Kong SAR, and the United States, we test whether deliberative processing of ongoing threat can enable integrative complexity and thereby reduce intergroup bias toward groups associated with the threat. Two exploratory studies conducted during armed conflict and societal unrest varied writing topic (threat vs. nonthreat) while holding depth of processing constant; deliberative processing of the ongoing threat increased integrative complexity conditionally and in turn was associated with reduced intergroup bias. A preregistered experiment conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic crossed writing topic with depth of processing (deliberative vs. intuitive) to isolate the role of deliberation, and demonstrated that deliberative processing of ongoing threat enabled greater integrative complexity and reduced intergroup bias. Across studies, these effects were conditional on individuals' cognitive preparedness, indexed by multicultural experience, with benefits concentrated among individuals able to translate deliberation into integratively complex reasoning. Integrative complexity served as a structural signature of regulated cognition under threat, mediating the relationship between deliberative processing and intergroup judgment. Together, the findings indicate that regulation of threat-induced cognitive rigidity is possible but conditional on both situational prompts and individual cognitive readiness.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HawkesRank: Event-driven centrality for real-time importance ranking.","authors":"Didier Sornette, Yishan Luo, Sandro Claudio Lera","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag292","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantifying influence in networks is important across science, economics, and public health, yet widely used centrality measures remain limited: they rely on static representations, heuristic network constructions, and purely endogenous notions of importance, while offering little semantic connection to observable activity. We show that influence can instead be interpreted through multivariate Hawkes point processes that model exogenous drivers and endogenous amplification (self- and cross-excitation). This yields a principled, empirically calibrated, and adaptive notion of importance grounded in observable event dynamics. Classical indices such as Katz centrality and PageRank emerge as stationary mean-field limits of this formulation, clarifying both their interpretation and their limitations. Unlike static averages, the resulting rankings are determined by instantaneous event intensities, allowing rankings to adapt to shocks while distinguishing endogenous amplification from exogenous activity. Using both simulations and empirical analysis of emotion dynamics in online communication platforms, we show that this event-driven formulation captures temporally evolving system activity more effectively than static centrality metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Civilianized safety practitioners reduce crime and disorder: Evidence from a quasiexperimental evaluation in San Francisco.","authors":"Forrest Stuart, Caylin Louis Moore, Patrick Janulis","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag275","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cities across the United States are experimenting with civilian-led alternatives to policing, yet rigorous evidence of their effectiveness remains scarce. This study evaluates a large-scale civilianized public safety program in San Francisco that deploys unarmed \"safety practitioners\" to high-crime intersections to provide consistent presence, de-escalation, and service referrals in place of traditional law enforcement. Using a generalized synthetic control design covering 624 intersections from 2018 to 2023, we estimate the causal impact of practitioner deployment on reported crime. We find that deployments significantly reduced total and behavioral health-related crimes, with smaller yet meaningful reductions in drug and violent crimes, and no change in property crime. These effects persisted across robustness checks comparing daytime (operating) to nighttime (nonoperating) hours, suggesting that observed declines are attributable to practitioner presence rather than secular trends. The findings indicate that civilianized safety practitioners-drawn largely from communities affected by incarceration, addiction, and homelessness-can function as capable guardians who lower public disorder without relying on coercive authority. By embedding trusted, nonpolice actors in high-need public spaces, cities may improve safety while reducing harmful police contact and expanding workforce opportunities for people historically excluded from the formal economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag275"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divalent cation depletion enhances intrinsic neuronal excitability through CaSR-dependent modulation of threshold ion channels.","authors":"Konstantina Mylonaki, Matías Alvarez-Saavedra, Michaël Russier, Dominique Debanne, Salvatore Incontro","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag296","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>External calcium ([Ca²⁺]_e) and magnesium ([Mg²⁺]_e) concentrations fluctuate across physiological and pathological brain states. For example, [Ca²⁺]_e decreases during intense neuronal activity and epilepsy, whereas it rises during sleep. Similarly, [Mg²⁺]_e varies with the sleep/wake cycle and is reduced in epilepsy. Lowering either [Ca²⁺]_e or [Mg²⁺]_e increases intrinsic excitability and hyperpolarizes the action potential (AP) threshold, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we confirm that reducing [Ca²⁺]_e or [Mg²⁺]_e enhances intrinsic excitability and hyperpolarizes the AP threshold of CA1 pyramidal neurons. Physiological reductions in [Mg²⁺]_e (0.8 → 0.4 mM) have minimal effect, whereas decreases from supraphysiological levels (2.0 → 0.4 mM) robustly increase excitability. Using pharmacology and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we identify the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) as a mediator of these effects. The calcilytic NPS-2143 mimics and largely occludes both the intrinsic excitability increase and the AP threshold hyperpolarization, while genetic reduction of CaSR produces similar outcomes. We further show that AP threshold hyperpolarization induced by low-divalent cations involves both Kv1 and Nav1.2 channels. Together, these findings reveal that CaSR participate in the enhancement of intrinsic neuronal excitability induced by external divalent cation levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Kch activation by Zn².","authors":"Brian Morote-Costas, Yaping Pan, Lie Wang, Xiaochen Bai, Steve W Lockless, Ming Zhou","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag284","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Escherichia coli</i> has a single K⁺ channel gene, <i>kch</i>, that produces a K⁺ channel with six transmembrane segments and a cytosolic Regulate Conductance of K⁺ channels (RCK) domain. RCK domains are present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms and known to regulate ion channel activity upon binding of an ion or a nucleotide, however, how Kch is regulated remains unknown. Here, we show that Zn²⁺ or Cu²⁺ activates Kch via the RCK domain. Structural studies reveal that eight RCK domains assemble into a gating ring that can assume three conformations, closed, intermediate, and open, and that Zn²⁺ promotes the open conformation by stabilizing the assembly interface. These results expand our knowledge on Kch and on RCK-mediated regulation of ion channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag284"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition of two potential warming events in the Paleocene terrestrial record of North America and associated mammalian responses.","authors":"Ross Secord, Daniel J Peppe, Thomas E Williamson, Caitlin E Leslie, Stephen L Brusatte, Andrew G Flynn","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag289","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous early Cenozoic transient warming events (\"hyperthermals\") have been recognized in the marine record, but few have been located in fossiliferous terrestrial strata. Locating warming events is critical for understanding how terrestrial animals and plants responded to past climate change. We recognize two carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) in lower Paleocene (Danian) strata of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico, United States, based on sustained decreases in carbon isotope values in bulk organic carbon. The upper excursion correlates closely with the Latest Danian Event (LDE) hyperthermal, previously known with confidence only from the marine record. We correlate the lower excursion to a smaller CIE in the marine record tied to a 405,000-year eccentricity cycle, and modest warming. Both excursions in the San Juan Basin occur in red bed intervals bounded by drab-colored rocks, suggesting transient seasonal drying. Both are also associated with marked decreases in percent total organic carbon, possibly representing decreased primary productivity. The lower excursion is associated with a strong pulse of mammalian faunal turnover. Strata above the LDE are unfossiliferous, precluding local turnover analysis, but a strong, regional pulse of turnover occurs at or near the LDE. Our results suggest warming and/or drying during these events resulted in ecological perturbations, accelerating mammalian origination and extinction rates. Additionally, the first representatives of two North American mammalian families (Arctocyonidae, Plesiadapidae) reached Europe around the time of the LDE. We hypothesize that this was in response to short-term warming, which opened a previously impassable high-latitude dispersal route connecting the continents.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag289"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of complex organelles in ocelloid-bearing dinoflagellates.","authors":"Elizabeth C Cooney, Corey C Holt, Gordon Lax, Patrick J Keeling","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag287","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Warnowiid dinoflagellates are known for possessing two of the most complex structures known in single cells: multiprojectile nematocysts and the camera eye-like ocelloid. The rarity of warnowiids and their intractability in culture have stymied efforts to understand the function and role of these structures. Recent single-cell transcriptome sequencing efforts revealed that the plastid within the ocelloid complex (analogous to the retina in an animal eye) may have lost photosystem II (PSII), while retaining photosystem I as a putative light-sensing mechanism. However, this finding was produced from only 18 cells across five genera and did not include many of the known lineages within this group. To interrogate this finding, we generated single-cell transcriptomes for 12 additional species, including from two previously unsampled genera, collected from subarctic and tropical environments. A search for photosynthesis-related genes across all taxa supports previous findings that PSII has likely been lost in the warnowiid ocelloid plastid. Additionally, our updated phylogenomic analysis reveals that warnowiids can be divided into two major subclades based on the possession of nematocysts: armed and unarmed. Moreover, ocelloid size, shape, position, and gene expression are distinct between armed and unarmed warnowiids and between genera in some cases, indicating that ocelloid function may differ between lineages and this may be linked to differences in energy and nutritional strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag287"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video-rate label-free molecular mapping in living plant tissue with a deployable optical encoder.","authors":"Alexander Ingold, Richard G Baird, Dasmeet Kaur, Nidhi Dwivedi, Reed Sorenson, Leslie Sieburth, Chang-Jun Liu, Rajesh Menon","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag290","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Living tissues contain dynamic biochemical information that is difficult to capture with conventional hyperspectral microscopes because sequential spectral acquisition is poorly matched to in vivo molecular processes that evolve during measurement. Here, we introduce a task-specific optical encoding framework for video-rate molecular inference in living plant tissue. The system integrates a passive spectral encoder, implemented here as a low-angle scattering low-density polyethylene (LDPE) layer, into a 22-mm miniaturized probe and learns a supervised mapping from ultraviolet-excited autofluorescence measurements to biomolecular abundance maps. Unlike conventional pipelines that first reconstruct hyperspectral datacubes and then perform spectral unmixing, the deployed system directly estimates endogenous molecular contrast associated primarily with lignin and chlorophyll in poplar tissue, with additional suberin-associated contrast evaluated in suberin-rich tissue. This reframing makes the measurement task biomolecular inference rather than spectral reconstruction, enabling biochemical mapping under low-photon autofluorescence conditions while reducing data burden and computational latency. In living poplar stems, the platform captures autofluorescence-derived videos of embolism propagation and wound-induced biochemical remodeling, dynamic processes for which sequential spectral acquisition can introduce temporal mixing because the molecular contrast evolves during the scan itself. The system also resolves genotype-dependent reductions in lignin-associated autofluorescence in engineered poplar lines. Direct molecular inference improves biomolecular estimation relative to a reconstruction-based pipeline, while probabilistic decoding provides uncertainty estimates. These results show that compact passive spectral encoding, when optimized for biological inference rather than datacube recovery, enables deployable, label-free molecular videography of living plant tissue dynamics after task-specific calibration.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgag290"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}