PLOS global public health最新文献

{"title":"Relational contexts and men's responsibilities informing men's participation in antenatal care in rural sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review.","authors":"Anthony Shuko Musiwa, Webster Mavhu, Owen Nyamwanza, Agatha Nyambi, Maya Stevens-Uninsky, Nadia Rehman, Naharin Sultana Anni, Roseline Dzekem Dine, Elizabeth Chadambuka, Rachel Couban, Lawrence Mbuagbaw","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005227","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Men's participation is critical to improving antenatal care (ANC) and maternal and child health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the region where these outcomes are the worst globally. Many current studies employ narrow, biomedical definitions that focus on men's direct involvement in ANC. Little is known about how fatherhood and men's participation in ANC are conceived or experienced in specific sociocultural contexts in SSA. We aimed to synthesize the existing scientific literature on the relational contexts that shape fatherhood and men's participation in ANC, and men's specific responsibilities within those contexts in rural SSA. Following Arksey and O'Malley's classical methodology, we searched ten electronic databases (African Index Medicus, Africa Journals Online, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Sociology Collection, Social Sciences Abstract, and Social Sciences Citation Index) for peer-reviewed articles published from January 1st, 2000, to October 31st, 2024. Articles were included if they examined fatherhood and men's participation in ANC in rural SSA, systematically analyzed primary or secondary data, and were written in any language. Seventy-seven articles reporting 58 qualitative, 6 quantitative, and 13 mixed-methods studies spanning 15 countries in SSA were included in this review. We identified ten main themes that addressed our review's objective. Two themes depicted relational contexts that shape fatherhood experiences and men's participation in ANC in rural SSA: (1) familial and communal collaboration, and (2) gendered and culturally-defined role structures. Eight themes described men's specific responsibilities in ANC within the relational contexts identified above: (3) family leaders, (4) decision-makers, (5) providers, (6) protectors, (7) advocates, (8) advisors, (9) nurturers, and (10) helpers. The findings of this review highlight contextually-valid and socioculturally-meaningful experiences that broaden understandings of fatherhood and men's participation in ANC in rural SSA. Future studies can employ Afrocentric approaches to capture often-marginalized perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0005227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation status and challenges affecting antimicrobial stewardship programmes in private hospitals in Kampala, Uganda: Insights from a cross-sectional descriptive survey.","authors":"Doris Kubai, Richard Adome, Edson Munanura, Diane Ashiru-Oredope, Gervason Moriasi","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004333","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Private hospitals are critical to healthcare delivery in Kampala, Uganda, where antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes have been introduced as part of the Global Action Plan (GAP) to mitigate the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, there is limited empirical data on the extent of AMS implementation and the specific barriers these facilities face in adopting such programmes. We therefore evaluated the implementation status and identified key barriers to AMS uptake in private hospitals across Kampala, Uganda. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 9th January 2024-25th July 2024 in 17 private hospitals, using a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative data were collected using the Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) Checklist and analysed descriptively. Qualitative data were gathered through key informant interviews and evaluated using content analysis. The findings revealed significant gaps in AMS implementation. Of the 17 hospitals surveyed, 70.6% (12/17) had not prioritised AMS initiatives in their operations. Besides, 88.2% (15/17) had no budget allocated for AMS activities and 82.4% (14/17) reported insufficient staffing. Additionally, 76.5% (13/17) had not provided AMS-specific training. Furthermore, 64.7% (11/17) lacked regular AMS reports, meeting minutes, or resources for antimicrobial prescribing optimisation, while 41.2% (7/17) had no designated AMS team lead. Besides, qualitative analysis showed structural and institutional challenges, including weak leadership commitment and a lack of sustainable financial planning for AMS programmes. The implementation of AMS programmes in selected private hospitals in Kampala was scanty and constrained by structural, financial, and institutional barriers, including inadequate budget allocation, insufficient staffing, limited training, and the lack of prioritisation of AMS activities. Strengthening institutional support through leadership engagement, funding, and embedding AMS as a core component of hospital policy is essential. Additionally, a multi-stakeholder approach is crucial to driving sustainable AMS adoption, aligning with global AMR mitigation efforts, and ensuring optimal patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"pgph.0004333.exml"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstructing Somalia's population: A district level analysis.","authors":"Yamna Ouchtar, Dahir Abdi Ali, Yahye Abukar Ahmed, Francesco Checchi","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005215","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somalia has experienced more than 30 years of armed conflict exacerbated by drought and food insecurity, which has led to major migratory flows. Despite these large-scale movements, no census has been carried out since 1975. To support effective planning and service delivery, we reconstructed Somalia's population at district level by taking into account alternative sources of population data, natural growth and known internal and refugee displacement flows.A previous study, published in PLOS Global Public Health, attempted to reconstruct the population of Somalia by district (administrative level 2) on a monthly basis from 2013 to 2022. This initial method was based on the average of available estimates, on the assumption of a fixed rate of natural increase and on the allocation of displaced persons to the various districts. However, it assumed that internally displaced persons (IDPs) would remain in their destination districts indefinitely, leading to unrealistic population declines and inflated IDP numbers. The paper presents an improved reconstruction method using mechanistic and statistical models to overcome these limitations.The updated method incorporates dynamic modelling techniques, reflecting more realistic migration and displacement patterns. The new model indicates that previous estimates significantly underestimated populations in some districts. The revised estimates provide a more balanced distribution, reducing instances of implausibly high or negative population figures. For example, districts thought to be almost depopulated are revealed to have more viable population levels.Key advances include the use of probabilistic rates of return for displaced people and the integration of new data sources, allowing for a more accurate representation of population movements. These results provide a more reliable basis for planning and service delivery, accurately reflecting the impacts of conflict and climate-induced displacement between 2013 and 2024. The improved model presents a nuanced reconstruction of Somalia's population dynamics, essential for informed decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0005215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change, disability, and water, sanitation and hygiene: A scoping review of evidence and interventions in low and middle-income countries.","authors":"Jane Wilbur, Sari Kovats, Doug Ruuska, Shahpara Nawaz, Julian Natukunda","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0003676","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0003676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate hazards, including extreme weather events, undermine essential water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, exacerbating health disparities in people with disabilities. Despite this, WASH policies and adaptation strategies often overlook the need for disability inclusive measures. The scoping review objectives are to 1) map the evidence on how climate risks affect WASH services and coping strategies in low-and middle-income countries, with a particular focus on people with disabilities; and 2) assess evidence for the effectiveness of climate-resilient WASH interventions, emphasising their impact on people with disabilities. Our review identified substantial data on women and girls, so the results reflect binary gender considerations. A systematic search of nine databases, including CINAHL Complete, Global Health, GreenFILE, and MEDLINE via PubMed, was conducted to identify peer-reviewed and grey literature using relevant keywords related to extreme weather and climate hazards, WASH (including menstrual health), disability, and evaluations. We included studies in English, published between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2023. Data were extracted and analysed thematically. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Only two papers evaluated climate-resilient WASH interventions (rainwater harvesting), and neither considered disability. Most papers examined people's self-reported health impacts and experiences affected by drought-related water insecurity or WASH infrastructure damage due to extreme weather events. Data on the experiences of persons with disabilities were only included in two papers. They highlighted that persons with disabilities are disproportionately disadvantaged by climate-related damage to WASH infrastructure and emphasised the importance of social capital and social networks in supporting them when access to water is limited. Extreme weather events disrupt WASH services, yet evidence of the experiences and coping strategies of persons with disabilities remains extremely limited. This is a barrier to developing disability inclusive adaptation strategies. Evaluating climate-resilient WASH interventions is essential to enhance resilience and health equity for persons with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0003676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic treatment regimes in climate-health research: Reassessing malaria risk under warming scenarios in Colombia.","authors":"Juan David Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005252","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria remains a significant public health challenge, mainly because climate change is altering transmission dynamics. This study investigates the relationship between rising temperatures and malaria cases across the 100 municipalities in Colombia with the highest incidence from 2007 to 2023. We employed causal machine learning techniques to analyze how incremental temperature impacts malaria incidence while controlling for valid confounding variables. Our findings reveal that with the currently observed temperature, malaria transmission intensifies with temperatures between 15 and approximately 23.5 °C but declines at higher temperatures, indicating an optimal range for transmission. Our results suggest an exposure-response relationship where higher temperature increases are associated with greater reductions in the probability of excess malaria cases. The Average Treatment Effect (ATE) on excess malaria cases for the evaluated temperature regimes showed a progressive decrease, from -0.007 when temperature increased by 0.5°C to -0.063 when temperatures were increased by 2.0°C, relative to current temperatures. These results suggest that further warming could constrain malaria transmission intensity in regions already experiencing high temperatures. This research underscores the importance of tailored public health strategies that consider local temperature profiles and socio-economic conditions in malaria control efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0005252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Religious and cultural perspectives on assisted reproductive technology in Ghana: A comparative analysis of traditionalist, islamic, and christian beliefs.","authors":"Kwadwo Asante-Afari","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005240","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The moral implications of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) practices often pose a dilemma for those belonging to various cultural and religious groups. However, there is a gap in scientific studies examining the perspectives of spiritual leaders and their congregations regarding ART practices in Ghana. To bridge this gap, this paper employs a qualitative approach to investigate the religious, cultural, and personal interpretations of ART practices, including gamete donation, surrogacy, and cryopreservation, among 30 members of the key religions in Ghana. The study used in-depth interviews and focus group discussions to collect data, and the results were analysed thematically. The findings show that Islamic and Christian religious figures support the use of ART to treat infertility among married couples who use their gametes. However, they do not condone the use of third-party reproductive resources, such as gamete donation, surrogacy and cryopreservation. Traditionalists, on the other hand, do not endorse the use of ART in childbearing, as they believe it interferes with natural procreation processes and challenges the role of the Creator. Cultural, religious, ethical, and personal beliefs about procreation may have influenced the views on the acceptability of ART practices among the Traditionalists. It is, therefore, important to educate the public on theology, medical technology, and infertility while respecting individuals' religious beliefs and values.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0005240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reporting the first minimally invasive spine surgery series in Nigeria: a descriptive single-center retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Oluwafemi F Owagbemi, Temitayo O Ayantayo, Olawale A R Sulaiman","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004463","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004463","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) has gained traction since its introduction into the spine surgery armamentarium, resulting in better outcomes than the traditional open approaches. It was only recently introduced in Nigeria, where it is rarely performed. In a bid to improve access to state-of-the-art neurosurgical services in his home country, the senior author, having practiced MISS in the United States, started performing it in Nigeria in 2017. We aim to describe our MISS experience in Nigeria, a lower-middle-income country (LMIC) with high poverty indices, and report the first series of these surgeries in the country. This is a descriptive single-center retrospective cohort study performed through a review of our database of patients who had MISS for degenerative disc disease involving the thoracic, lumbar, and lumbosacral spine regions from April 2017 to May 2022. Demographic, perioperative parameter (surgery duration [SDn], estimated blood loss [EBL], length of hospital stay [LOS]), perioperative surgical site complication, and patient-reported outcome (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS] and Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]) data were retrieved and analyzed. Minimal important differences (MID) in the patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were defined as improvements of a two-point change for NRS and a 5.9-20-point difference for ODI. The same lead surgeon performed the procedures with similar operative techniques and perioperative management. The data of the 143 patients were not normally distributed. The median age was 62 years, and males comprised 55.9%. Fifty-one percent of the patients had minimally invasive (MIS) laminectomy; 45.5% and 3.5% had MIS-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and MIS-microdiscectomy, respectively. Most (73.4%) were in the lumbar spine, 25.2% involved the lumbosacral junction, and 1.4% were in the thoracic spine. Median SDn, EBL, and LOS were 112 mins, 50 mL, and 3 days, respectively. The perioperative surgical site complication rate was 4.9%. The PROs showed statistical improvement and MID between baseline and one-year follow-up. This study's perioperative parameters and surgical site complication rates are comparable to those obtained from previous work on MIS lumbar decompression (laminectomy and microdiscectomy) and MIS-TLIF in higher-income countries. Additionally, the patients' improvements in the PROs were comparable to findings in spine surgery research in higher-income countries. Our efforts to introduce MISS as part of our practice in Nigeria are informed by the need for deploying, developing, and maintaining beneficial cutting-edge care in LMICs where the capacity exists, while not neglecting the 'stock' procedures. MISS is available in Nigeria, and it is characterized in our practice by satisfactory perioperative parameters, perioperative surgical site complication rates, and PROs that are comparable with those obtained from MISS and other spine surgeries performed in countries with high inco","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0004463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Association between urinary tract infections and anemia among the elderly in India: Insights from the longitudinal aging study.","authors":"Dilwar Hussain, Jenica Barnwal","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005239","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004390.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0005239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing to be cautious: Japanese contact patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and their association with public health recommendations.","authors":"Tomoka Nakamura, Ryo Kinoshita, Akira Endo, Katherine E Atkins, Hitoshi Oshitani, Yoko Ibuka, Motoi Suzuki, Koya Ariyoshi, Kathleen M O'Reilly","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004600","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite implementing no lockdowns and having a large elderly population, Japan had a low mortality rate due to COVID-19 compared to Europe and North America. The extent to which policies impacted person-to-person contact remains unclear. In this study, we examined changes in contact patterns and their association with behaviors and governmental recommendations in Japan during the pandemic. Ten social contact surveys were conducted between 2021 and 2023 reaching over 1500 participants per survey in Osaka and Fukuoka prefectures where governmental recommendations were first implemented due to high COVID-19 incidence. Their contact patterns were assessed through their demographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccination status, and individual disease mitigation measures. Generalized linear models were used to identify factors associated with increased contacts. The mean number of contacts during the pandemic declined by at least 49.8% (8.2 weekday contacts and 6.0 weekend contacts per individual, adjusted by age and sex) compared to a study conducted prior to 2020. Weekdays, occupation, larger household sizes, and mask wearing were associated with a higher number of contacts. The frequency and duration of contacts were negatively associated with the issuance of COVID-19 governmental measures, yet the relative change in contacts was not as prominent as pre- and post-lockdown situations in the United Kingdom. There was a gradual increase in contacts with time and less strict public health recommendations. Yet, contacts that did not increase with uptake of COVID-19 vaccination and continuous mask wearing depict cautious behavior across the survey population during the pandemic and into 2023. These results are in contrast with European countries where contacts largely increased among vaccinated individuals compared to the non-vaccinated. Social contacts are country and context specific, highlighting the need for data collection across different communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0004600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Academic institution extensive, building-by-building wastewater-based surveillance platform for SARS-CoV-2 monitoring, clinical data correlation, and potential national proxy.","authors":"Arnoldo Armenta-Castro, Mariel Araceli Oyervides-Muñoz, Alberto Aguayo-Acosta, Sofia Liliana Lucero-Saucedo, Alejandro Robles-Zamora, Kassandra O Rodriguez-Aguillón, Antonio Ovalle-Carcaño, Roberto Parra-Saldívar, Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005250","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003756.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 9","pages":"e0005250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}