PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Training potential of a teleoperated humanoid robot for use by a young psychiatrist during childcare leave.","authors":"Hiroko Kawahara, Nobukazu Kanchi, Megumi Kawata, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Jun Baba, Taro Muramatsu, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Hirokazu Kumazaki","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childcare leave extensions can sometimes negatively affect the professional clinical training of early-career psychiatrists in Japan. During childcare leave, being able to learn in the examination room while staying at home would be useful. Therefore, we developed a training system using a teleoperated robot (Sota) for young psychiatrists who wanted to participate in the examination room during childcare leave while remaining at home.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a patient with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comorbid with Tourette's disorders (P). A young female psychiatrist (D) used the training system to learn from a board-certified psychiatrist. In this case, the board-certified psychiatrist, P, and the robot were placed in the examination room. D teleoperated Sota from home, allowing her to talk to the board-certified psychiatrist and P. She learned about the clinical features of Tourette's syndrome by observing the examination of the board-certified psychiatrist and hearing the patient's distress. P was satisfied with the fact that he was seen not only by a board-certified psychiatrist but also by D.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These case findings suggest that our system is helpful for young psychiatrists who want to study in the examination room during childcare leave while staying at home. Future studies should include a single-case experimental design with information regarding key outcome variables and other relevant variables gathered regularly over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11381314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unguided self-help movie- and mobile-based therapy for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results of two pilot studies.","authors":"Hissei Imai, Toshi A Furukawa","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online consortium managing COVID-19-related mental health problems.","authors":"Aya Sekine, Hirokazu Tachikawa, Saori Ecoyama, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Sho Takahashi, Megumi Sasaki, Takafumi Hori, Shinji Sato, Tetsuaki Arai","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11372234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring factors associated with increased suicides during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: A study using data from postmortem examinations conducted in an urban area.","authors":"Yotaro Katsumata, Toshiaki Okano, Tadashi Takeshima, Yuka Igarashi","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study is to examine factors associated with increased suicide deaths during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Japan using primary data from postmortem examinations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We explored factors associated with suicides that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2020 to December 2021) using data from 115 postmortem examinations of suicides that occurred in one city in the Kanto region between January 2017 and December 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate analysis using graphical modelling and logistic regression analysis showed that both female sex (adjusted odds ratio: 3.732; 95% confidence interval: 1.044-13.345) and multiple mental disorders (adjusted odds ratio: 7.344; 95% confidence interval: 1.316-40.987) were significantly associated with suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic among the young age group (39 years or under).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study results suggest that in addition to the factor of female sex previously identified, morbidity due to multiple mental disorders may be associated with the increased suicides in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this study presented the new methodological possibility of analyzing background factors of suicide using postmortem examination data. In preparation for similar emergencies in the future, it is necessary to establish a system that provides care for multiple mental disorders and a continuous suicide-monitoring system that combines methods such as psychological autopsies with other methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring perinatal ketamine for postpartum depression following cesarean section: A systematic review.","authors":"Jaylyn Thompson, David F Lo, Alexis Foschini, Suvan Sundaresh","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to explore the use of perinatal ketamine to see if it can be used for the reduction of postpartum depression (PPD) following cesarean section (C-section). PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science were the primary databases used for this review. Search terms used on January 5, 2024 incorporated \"ketamine,\" \"C-section,\" \"postpartum depression,\" and related synonyms. The criteria for inclusion centered on studies published between January 1, 2008 and January 5, 2024. The final selection of articles was screened based on extraction criteria leaving eight randomized control trials in the final review. The selected data from the studies incorporated sample characteristics, study and population characteristics, and quantitative analyses covering Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) scores and depression rates. The Risk of Bias assessment was utilized to gain a deeper understanding of the quality of methodology used by the research studies. The review showed that ketamine can reduce the symptoms of PPD in mothers who have recently undergone C-sections. Some studies showed decreased EPDS scores following the administration of ketamine while two studies also reported no significant differences in PPD following ketamine administration in C-section patients. For example, Ma et al. found that the EPDS score at postpartum day 4 was significantly lower in the ketamine group compared with the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.007) while Yang et al. found that there were no significant differences between the ketamine and control group at 3 days postpartum (<i>p</i> = 0.553). The research from this review suggests that ketamine administration can prevent or decrease the symptoms of PPD, but more research is needed to establish the causal relationship between ketamine dosage and PPD in C-section patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective multicenter study of the epidemiological features of emergency patients with overdose of over-the-counter drugs in Japan.","authors":"Ryoko Kyan, Yoshito Kamijo, Saeko Kohara, Michiko Takai, Takuya Shimane, Toshihiko Matsumoto, Hidetada Fukushima, Shogo Narumi, Takuyo Chiba, Toshiki Sera, Norio Otani, Yasumasa Iwasaki","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.225","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of patients presenting to the emergency department with an overdose of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire survey was conducted to examine the sociodemographic characteristics of patients with OTC drugs overdoses visiting emergency departments at eight sites across the country. The patients were divided into \"habitual\" and \"nonhabitual\" groups according to their history of OTC drugs overdose. Student's <i>t</i>-test or Welch's <i>t</i>-test was performed for numerical variables, and Pearson's <i>χ</i> ² test was performed for dichotomous and nominal variables between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 124 patients included in this study, 79% were women. The habitual (26.6%) and the nonhabitual (73.4%) groups showed no differences in sex, occupation, cohabitants, history of mental illness, or history of alcohol consumption or smoking; however, those in the habitual group were significantly younger. The proportion of OTC drugs obtained from physical stores was higher in the habitual group, whereas the nonhabitual group used more household medicines. Suicide and self-harm were more common reasons for overdose in the nonhabitual group. Antipyretic analgesics were significantly more common in the nonhabitual group, whereas antitussive expectorants and antihistamines were significantly more common in the habitual group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first multicenter study to determine the status of OTC drugs overdose patients treated at emergency departments of medical facilities in Japan. To prevent new overdoses of OTC drugs, continued detailed epidemiologic studies of patient backgrounds and drug acquisition routes, and investigation of the components of OTC drugs that cause dependency are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11250410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological treatments for mental health symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection: A scoping review.","authors":"So Sugita, Kotone Hata, Krandhasi Kodaiarasu, Naoki Takamatsu, Kentaro Kimura, Christian Miller, Lecsy Gonzalez, Ikue Umemoto, Keitaro Murayama, Tomohiro Nakao, Shinsuke Kito, Masaya Ito, Hironori Kuga","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.223","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this scoping review was to synthesize published studies and ongoing clinical trials of psychological interventions for mental health problems associated with COVID-19 infection. The study protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. We conducted systematic searches for studies published or registered between January 2020 and October 2022 using eight scientific databases and clinical trial registries, which identified 40 complete published studies and 53 ongoing clinical trials. We found that most studies were randomized controlled trials (74%) while the remaining used study designs of lower methodological quality. Most studies investigated interventions for acute COVID-19 patients (74%) and others explored post-COVID conditions (PCC) or recovered patients. Cognitive and behavioral therapies were the main intervention approaches (31%), followed by multidisciplinary programs (21%) and mindfulness (17%). The most frequently evaluated outcomes were anxiety (33%), depression (26%), quality of life (13%), and insomnia (10%). No studies on youths, older people, or marginalized communities were found. These findings summarize the burgeoning research on a range of psychological interventions for individuals infected with COVID-19. However, the field is in its infancy and further research to develop an evidence base for targeted care is necessary. The gaps identified in the current study also highlight the need for more research on youths, older people, and members of marginalized communities, and PCC patients. It is important to ascertain interventions and delivery strategies that are not only effective and affordable but also allow high scalability and accessibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11216928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of reinitiation of modified electroconvulsive therapy 2 weeks after modified electroconvulsive therapy-induced Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a male patient with major depressive disorder.","authors":"Dai Kezuka, Akiko Haruyama, Eiji Suzuki, Kei Sakuma","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.221","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a left ventricular dysfunction resembling acute coronary syndrome. Its prognosis is generally favorable; however, a subset of patients may present with severe complications. TCM is a rare side-effect of modified electroconvulsive therapy (ECT); it has been reported in 22 female and two male patients. Eight cases of ECT reinitiation after TCM have been reported (all females), with the shortest duration being 3 weeks.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 61-year-old man with a history of major depressive disorder and no history of heart disease or previous ECT treatment. Antidepressants had been ineffective, and ECT was indicated. After the third ECT session, the patient complained of chest pain and shortness of breath. Electrocardiography revealed ST elevation, and catheter angiography was used to diagnose TCM. The patient had mild heart failure but remained stable. Recognizing that ECT was effective, the patient asked for it to be reinitiated. We confirmed that the cardiac function had been normalized, applied a bisoprolol fumarate patch as a preventive measure, and reinitiated ECT 14 days after the onset of TCM. ECT was performed five times, with no recurrence of TCM and a marked improvement in depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We describe a male patient with major depressive disorder who underwent reinitiation of ECT 2 weeks after ECT-induced TCM. Therefore, TCM should be recognized as a side-effect of ECT, even in men. Moreover, depending on whether the patient's condition is stable, ECT can be successfully performed in patients with TCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 2","pages":"e221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141452348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of childhood experiences of parental attitude, depressive rumination, and sleep disturbances on adulthood depressive symptoms.","authors":"Shinichi Akiyama, Miki Ono, Yoshitaka Ishii, Masayuki Kikkawa, Shunichiro Ito, Mina Honyashiki, Yu Tamada, Hironori Takeuchi, Takeshi Inoue, Jiro Masuya","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.220","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Various factors are thought to be involved in the development of depression, but the mechanisms are not yet clear. Although several reports have demonstrated that parental attitude experienced in childhood, depressive rumination, and sleep disturbances each influence depressive symptoms, and the association between two of these four variables, to our knowledge, no reports to date have investigated the association among the four variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire survey was administered to 576 adults who agreed to participate in this study between April 2017 and April 2018. Questionnaires assessed parental attitudes experienced in childhood, depressive rumination, sleep disturbances, and depressive symptoms in adulthood. The associations among the four variables were tested by structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding the direct effects, the parental attitude of \"care\" had a negative influence on depressive rumination and depressive symptoms, whereas \"overprotection\" had a positive influence on depressive rumination. Depressive rumination had a positive influence on sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms, whereas sleep disturbances had a positive influence on depressive symptoms. Regarding indirect effects, depressive rumination mediated the association between parental attitudes and sleep disturbances or depressive symptoms. Furthermore, sleep disturbances mediated the association between depressive rumination and depressive symptoms. Care and overprotection showed opposite effects. The goodness of fit of this model was high.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study demonstrated that there were associations among the four variables. Clinical assessment and intervention of depressive rumination and sleep disturbances that are closely associated with previous parental attitudes may lead to an improvement of depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 2","pages":"e220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential diagnosis and prognosis of delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae after acute carbon monoxide poisoning in a patient with schizophrenia: A case report.","authors":"Yuto Satake, Yoshimasa Mamiya, Shizuka Kano, Katsuhiko Akizuki, Mamoru Hashimoto, Manabu Ikeda","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.218","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae (DNS) is a syndrome that appears days to weeks after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. DNS shows various neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as mental deterioration and parkinsonism.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Our case was a 37-year-old male with schizophrenia. He attempted suicide by CO poisoning and was brought to our emergency department (Day 0). He was ventilated with normobaric oxygen therapy for 3 days and moved to the psychiatric ward with clear consciousness. We restarted antipsychotics, and he gradually presented akinesia and rigidity. Additionally, around Day 32, he showed disorganized behaviors, mental deterioration, incontinence, and gait disturbance. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed slightly abnormal findings on Day 35. Although we suspected DNS on the clinical course and the MRI findings, catatonia and side-effects of antipsychotics were also considered. Finally, electroencephalography (EEG) on Day 38 with apparent abnormalities, including diffuse slow waves, resulted in our diagnosis of DNS, and he underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy. His condition was dramatically improved, and his diffuse slow waves on EEG disappeared on Day 83. We also followed his clinical presentations and brain MRI until 33 months. Throughout the whole follow-up, his cognition, movement, and psychiatric symptoms remained stable. However, his brain MRI showed progressive atrophy in bilateral frontal lobes and increasing white matter lesions throughout the whole course.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EEG, as well as brain MRI, may be crucial in the differential diagnosis of DNS in patients with complex conditions involving medications and severe mental illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 2","pages":"e218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}