PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Mental health needs in the acute and subacute phases of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake: Emergency Medical Information System data analysis in Disaster Psychiatric Assistance Team activities.","authors":"Yasuto Kunii, Yumiko Hamaie, Mizuki Hino, Yusuke Utsumi, Yasuhisa Fukuo, Hiroaki Tomita","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>As it is difficult to examine the mental health of disaster victims immediately after a disaster through the rigorous procedures required for academic papers, the overall mental state of victims immediately after a disaster is not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the actual mental health needs of victims during the transition from the acute and subacute phases to the chronic phase of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake (NPE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained Emergency Medical Information System (EMIS) data for a period of ∼1 month during Disaster Psychiatric Assistance Team support from outside the prefecture in Suzu City and Noto Town. We then extracted the following variables of the supportees from the EMIS data: age, consultation stage, content of response, psychiatric treatment history, and diagnostic classification. We compared the variables between the 2 weeks immediately after the disaster (Phase 1) and the following 2 weeks (Phase 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>New consultations started mostly in Phase 1 and dropped in Phase 2. Consultations were initially dominated by victims with existing psychiatric disorders, but those on dementia-related problems and direct stress reactions to the disaster increased over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Information accumulated in the EMIS was useful for providing an overview of the mental state of communities affected by the 2024 NPE. The extracted findings may be useful for planning mental health measures for affected communities and preparing for future disasters, which may improve community resilience in affected areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological support for an adolescent awaiting heart transplantation: A case report on psychological intervention using the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplant.","authors":"Kosuke Takano, Junko Tsutsui, Hidehiro Oshibuchi, Sayaka Kobayashi, Rie Akaho, Katsuji Nishimura","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychosocial factors significantly influence outcomes following heart transplantation (HT). In Japan, the prolonged waiting period for HT often requires a ventricular assist device (VAD), demanding strict adherence to self-care regimens to prevent complications. The Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT) identifies psychosocial barriers to successful transplantation. This case report describes the use of SIPAT-guided psychological support for an adolescent awaiting HT.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 16-year-old Japanese male with dilated cardiomyopathy underwent evaluation for HT. The SIPAT assessment revealed a total score of 25, with elevated scores in readiness for illness management (SIPAT A: 11) and social support (SIPAT B: 12), indicating challenges with understanding his condition and unstable family dynamics. Tailored interventions included psychotherapy and family psychoeducation. Following VAD implantation, initial nonadherence to self-care prompted further evaluation using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition, which revealed deficits in processing speed and verbal comprehension. A transtheoretical model-guided intervention was then implemented to improve self-care behaviors. Periodic SIPAT assessments during routine check-ups facilitated ongoing monitoring and timely interventions. Over 25 months, the SIPAT scores improved (14 and 15) and no adverse outcomes, such as infections, emergency hospitalizations, or nonadherence behaviors, were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the effectiveness of early SIPAT-guided psychological support and multidisciplinary interventions in addressing complex psychosocial issues in adolescents during the VAD waiting period. It underscores the critical need for regular psychosocial assessments and individualized care to optimize transplantation outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical staff's knowledge of delirium by occupation and the effectiveness of an on-demand e-learning.","authors":"Hirotaka Yamagata, Rieko Kobayashi, Kenichi Hirose, Tomoe Seki, Takahisa Takihara","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the understanding of delirium among multidisciplinary medical staff and assess whether a brief e-learning course improved their knowledge on the topic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 611 medical staff members participated in the study, including 32 physicians, 393 nurses, 33 nursing assistants, 21 pharmacists, and 132 other multidisciplinary staff, which included non-clinical personnel. A 20-question delirium knowledge test was administered both before and after a 40-min, on-demand e-learning course.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, there was limited understanding that delirium involves a disturbance of consciousness, can be triggered by physical illness or medications, and that few medications are recommended for its treatment. Furthermore, visual hallucinations were not widely recognized as a common type of hallucination in delirium. However, care strategies and non-pharmacological interventions for delirium were well understood even before the course. After the brief e-learning course, knowledge scores significantly increased, demonstrating a large effect size of 0.53. Physicians and pharmacists achieved higher overall knowledge scores after the course compared to other occupational groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Education and targeted dissemination efforts regarding the causes, diagnosis, and pharmacological treatment of delirium are essential for enhancing delirium knowledge among multidisciplinary staff. The leadership role of a \"liaison\" psychiatrist is pivotal for ensuring effective delirium care and fostering a team-based approach in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rate of patients screened positive for gaming disorder/Internet gaming disorder among adolescents with mental health issues assessed by two screening tests: A nine-item screening test for GD (GAMES Test) and the Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10).","authors":"Masaru Tateno, Takanobu Matsuzaki, Ayumi Takano, Yukie Tateno, Takahiro A Kato, Susumu Higuchi","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70080","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study is to estimate the rate of patients who screened positive for gaming disorder (GD) in ICD-11 among adolescents with psychiatric and/or developmental disorders by using two screening tests: a nine-item screening test for GD, GAMing Engagement Screening test (GAMES Test), and the Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects were 257 adolescent patients attending a psychiatric clinic in Sapporo, Japan. They were asked to complete two questionnaires. The total score on the IGDT-10 was calculated by two different scoring methods, original version (OV) and modified version (MV). The three groups were also compared on the basis of their clinical diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 203 respondents, 42 (20.7%) screened positive using the GAMES Test. With respect to the IGDT-10, only eight (3.9%) screened positive using the IGDT-10 OV scoring, while 55 (27.1%) screened positive using the IGDT-10 MV. The most notable finding was that the mean total scores on the GAMES Test and the IGDT-10 MV were significantly higher in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder group than in the other two groups (depression and autism spectrum disorder).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study showed that adolescents with mental health problems had a higher rate of screening positivity on self-rated screening tools for GD than the general population. Because excessive gaming has a wide range of adverse effects on adolescents' mental health, early detection of probable GD is crucial. Screening for GD should be part of routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 9: A brief measure of eating pathology.","authors":"Yoshikatsu Nakai, Kazuko Nin, Shunichi Noma","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of self-esteem on health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders.","authors":"Minobu Ikehara, Natsuko Kashida, Rio Ishida, Ryo Mizui, Manabu Makinodan, Kazuhiko Yamamuro","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that markedly impairs the physical, emotional, and social domains of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Children with ASD typically report lower HRQOL than their neurotypical peers. This study investigated the impact of self-esteem and depressive symptoms on HRQOL in children with ASD and explored the discrepancies between parent-reported and self-reported HRQOL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 94 participants, comprising 50 children with ASD and 44 typically developed. HRQOL was measured using the J-KIDSCREEN-52 (self-reported and parent-reported). Self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and social support were assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, respectively. Discrepancies between parent-reported and self-reported HRQOL were examined. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the influence of depressive symptoms and self-esteem on HRQOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with ASD showed markedly lower HRQOL than their neurotypical peers. Discrepancies between parent-reported and self-reported HRQOL revealed differing perspectives. Higher depressive symptoms were strongly correlated with poorer HRQOL. Conversely, higher self-esteem was linked to better HRQOL, notably in terms of self-perception. Social support also markedly influenced HRQOL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the necessity of addressing depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and social support as interventions to enhance HRQOL in children with ASD. The differences between parent-reported and self-reported HRQOL highlight the need to incorporate both views into clinical assessments for comprehensive and effective interventions. Future research should explore these dynamics longitudinally and across diverse populations to refine the intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological support by full-time school counselors from the City of Nagoya after the 2024 Noto Earthquake: An activity report.","authors":"Hiromichi Inaba, Yoshitaka Nishikawa, Hiroko Tsuboi, Yukiyo Nagai, Kei Ohashi, Rie Yamada, Masatsugu Sakata, Akane Nogimura, Toshiya Murai, Atsurou Yamada","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70074","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The City of Nagoya employs full-time school counselors in its schools. This activity report highlights the role of them in offering psychological support after the disaster.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of delusional disorder, somatic type by escitalopram: A case report and literature review.","authors":"Yunosuke Mizuno, Yasuhiro Sugai, Toshinori Shirata, Ryota Kobayashi, Keisuke Noto, Yusuke Saito, Masafumi Kanoto, Akihito Suzuki","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delusional disorder, somatic type (DDST) is characterized by the presence of persistent delusions related to having a physical illness or bodily dysfunction, despite contradictory medical evidence. Antipsychotics like pimozide have shown efficacy in the treatment of DDST, and several case reports suggest that antidepressants may also be effective for this disorder. We are the first to report the effectiveness of escitalopram, which is a most selective and potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in a patient with DDST.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The case was a 62-year-old woman with DDST, presenting with oral somatic delusions. Escitalopram treatment (10 mg/day, increased to 20 mg/day) led to significant symptom improvement, and the symptoms of DDST had nearly resolved ∼5 weeks after the initiation of escitalopram. Single-photon emission computed tomography imaging during DDST symptoms showed reduced regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the cerebral cortex, particularly in the temporal and parietal lobes, with follow-up imaging after 9 weeks of escitalopram treatment demonstrating rCBF improvement correlating with clinical recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case suggests that escitalopram was effective in treating DDST, providing further support for the involvement of serotonergic dysfunction in the pathophysiology of DDST. The improvement in rCBF following treatment suggests that DDST may be associated with reduced rCBF in the temporal and parietal lobes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Leisure Activity Scale for young adults: Reliability and validity.","authors":"Rumiko Kinkawa, Miki Ono, Satoshi Horiuchi, Masayuki Kikkawa, Shunichiro Ito, Akifumi Shimasaki, Yu Tamada, Jiro Masuya, Mina Honyashiki, Takeshi Inoue","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70070","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Previous studies have documented the beneficial effects of leisure activities on mental health. However, limited methods or scales are available to measure leisure activities for the evaluation of mental health or the intervention of mental disorders, and data on the therapeutic benefits of leisure activities for mental health are scarce. Furthermore, few studies have investigated the effects of leisure activities on the mental health of young individuals. Therefore, we developed the Leisure Activity Scale (LAS; a 7-item, 5-point scale) to assess the leisure activities of young adults, and aimed to confirm its reliability and validity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 551 Japanese participants aged 18-25 years and was conducted through an online survey from September to November 2022. Reliability of the LAS was assessed through internal consistency analysis. To determine convergent and discriminant validity, the LAS was compared with various scales measuring psychometric properties, including depression, anxiety, work fatigue recovery, resilience, neuroticism, emotion regulation, well-being, and ill-being.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factor analysis indicated that the 7-item LAS was the most appropriate measure for use in mental health (Cronbach's α coefficient = 0.756). Total LAS7 scores positively correlated with recovery experience, resilience, emotion regulation, and well-being, and negatively correlated with state anxiety. These were all weak correlations, with correlation coefficients of less than 0.3. Total LAS7 scores did not correlate with trait anxiety, neuroticism, or ill-being.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrated the reliability of the LAS, but its convergent validity was insufficient. The LAS can comprehensively assess leisure activities, although further improvement regarding its validity is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143545149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with clozapine-induced agranulocytosis.","authors":"Akiyoshi Yokode, Masaki Fujiwara, Toshiki Terao, Shinji Sakamoto, Yuto Yamada, Ryota Sato, Momoko Mishima, Yuji Yada, Ken-Ichi Matsuoka, Manabu Takaki","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis (CLIA) is a rare but serious complication. Fever associated with CLIA is typically treated with broad-spectrum antimicrobials, but empiric antifungal therapy is rarely used. While bacterial and viral infections have been reported in CLIA cases, no cases of fungal infections complicated by CLIA have been documented. We report the first case of CLIA complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in a patient with schizophrenia. The diagnosis of IPA was made using serum β-D-glucan, <i>Aspergillus</i> galactomannan antigen tests, and chest computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a case of a 51-year-old man with schizophrenia who developed CLIA complicated by IPA. The patient, diagnosed with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, was started on clozapine, but 9 months later he presented with fever, cough, leukopenia, and neutropenia. Clozapine was discontinued, and empirical treatments with cefepime and filgrastim were initiated. Serum β-D-glucan and <i>Aspergillus</i> galactomannan antigen tests were positive, and chest CT showed well-circumscribed nodules, leading to a probable diagnosis of IPA. Antifungal therapy was switched from micafungin to voriconazole according to guidelines. His neutropenia and fever improved, and he was re-transferred to a psychiatric hospital.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CLIA can be complicated by fungal infections. When patients with CLIA present with fever, fungal infections, including IPA, should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Serological tests, including β-D-glucan and <i>Aspergillus</i> galactomannan, are useful for the diagnosis of IPA as well as the appropriate use of antifungal agents in patients with CLIA.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}