PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Changes in the pharmacokinetics of lurasidone in a pregnant woman with schizophrenia.","authors":"Mihoko Kawai, Ryosuke Aratake, Tadashi Ogawa","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The population of pregnant women with schizophrenia is increasing. Managing schizophrenia during pregnancy poses unique challenges due to the potential effects of second-generation antipsychotics on maternal mental health and fetal development and changes in drug pharmacokinetics. Evidence on how physiological changes during pregnancy affect the levels of second-generation antipsychotics, particularly lurasidone, is limited. There are no data on effectively managing medications and decreasing side-effects during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We presented the case of a 34-year-old pregnant woman with schizophrenia who had a stable condition with lurasidone therapy before conception. However, she exhibited worsening psychiatric symptoms during the third trimester of pregnancy. Serial measurements of serum lurasidone levels were performed during late pregnancy. Despite maintaining the same dosage, her serum lurasidone levels significantly decreased during the third trimester (maximum decrease of ~65% compared with baseline) and rapidly increased during the postpartum period, coinciding with an improvement in psychiatric symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Decreased serum lurasidone levels during pregnancy may increase the risk of symptom worsening in patients with schizophrenia. Hence, clinicians should be knowledgeable about the risk of decreased drug levels and the need for therapeutic monitoring and dosage adjustments during pregnancy to maintain treatment efficacy and maternal and fetal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 4","pages":"e70043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11628732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of patients with neurotic disorders requiring long-term treatment: Relationship to \"nervous personality\" as described in Morita's <i>Shinkeishitsu</i> theory.","authors":"Hiroshi Matsumoto, Takashi Uchino, Tomoyuki Funatogawa, Masafumi Mizuno, Takahiro Nemoto","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Few studies have investigated the association between premorbid personality and the prognosis of neurotic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the presence of a \"nervous personality\" described in Morita's <i>Shinkeishitsu</i> theory and the duration of treatment in patients with neurotic disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 70 patients aged ≥15 years old who first visited the Department of Psychiatry, Toho University Omori Medical Center, between January 2010 and December 2010 and were diagnosed as having neurotic disorders. The subjects' medical records over a 10-year period from 2010 until 2020 were examined retrospectively to determine the influence of the presence of a \"nervous personality\" in the subjects on the duration of their treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in the basic demographic characteristics or severity of illness at the first visit between groups with and without a \"nervous personality.\" The mean and median duration of treatment were 25 months and 5 months in the group with a \"nervous personality,\" and 5 months and 2 months in the group without a \"nervous personality,\" respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant difference in the duration of treatment between the two groups. Multiple regression analysis performed using treatment duration as the dependent variable identified only presence of a \"nervous personality\" among the independent variables as a significant factor influencing the duration of treatment, with the duration of treatment being 20 months longer in the group of subjects with a \"nervous personality.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of a \"nervous personality,\" as described in Morita's <i>Shinkeishitsu</i> theory, may prolong the required duration of treatment in patients with neurotic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 4","pages":"e70039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative antidepressant effects and safety of intravenous racemic ketamine, psilocybin and theta burst stimulation for major depressive disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Itsuki Terao, Wakako Kodama","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The individual efficacy and safety of intravenous racemic (IV) ketamine, psilocybin, and theta burst stimulation (TBS) for major depressive disorder have been demonstrated through meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but the comparative usefulness of these novel treatments has not yet been fully examined. We systematically searched the CENTRAL, Medline, CINHAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for randomized controlled trials up to July 4, 2024. Random-effects network meta-analyses were conducted to compare the Comparative antidepressant effects and safety of intravenous racemic ketamine, psilocybin and theta burst stimulation for major depressive disorderantidepressant efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability of IV ketamine, psilocybin, and TBS. Twenty-eight RCTs were included. All treatments were superior to placebo, with IV ketamine and psilocybin showing significantly greater antidepressant efficacy than TBS. No significant differences were detected between all treatments and placebo in tolerability and acceptability. In a subgroup analysis focusing on short periods of 1 week or less, only IV ketamine was significantly more effective than placebo. In another subgroup analysis focusing on periods of 4 weeks or longer, IV ketamine and psilocybin showed significantly better antidepressant effects than placebo. The confidence in the evidence ranged from very low to moderate. Specifically, there is a scarcity of studies on psilocybin and a lack of direct comparison trials. The findings suggest that IV ketamine and psilocybin may be more effective treatments compared to TBS. Additionally, IV ketamine may have an advantage in terms of rapid onset of action. The number of included studies is limited, especially for psilocybin, and therefore the current findings are preliminary, necessitating further accumulation of direct-comparison RCTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 4","pages":"e70042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the drinking habits of people who overdose over-the-counter drugs: Insights from a nationwide Japanese survey.","authors":"Satomi Mizuno, Satoshi Inoura, Toshihiko Matsumoto, Takuya Shimane","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyze the drinking habits of individuals who overdosed on over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, such as cough suppressants, antitussives, antipyretic analgesics, and combination cold medications, in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed data collected from 2881 participants through a national survey conducted in Japan in 2023. Through a self-administered questionnaire, the participants were categorized into OTC (overdosed OTC drugs in the past year) and control (did not overdose OTC drugs) groups. Variables related to drinking habits, social background, smoking habits, use of other medications, such as analgesics, tranquilizers, controlled drugs, and products containing high concentrations of caffeine, and perception of OTC drugs were compared between the two groups. Additionally, we matched the participants in the OTC (<i>n</i> = 25) and control (<i>n</i> = 100) groups by sex and age in a 1:4 ratio to assess these variables. Multivariate analyses were performed to examine how these factors are associated with drinking habits in individuals with OTC drug overdose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OTC drug overdose was prevalent among teenagers and those in their 50s, and was associated with habitual binge drinking and consumption of energy drinks. Those overdosing on OTC drugs obtained them mostly from drugstores and pharmacies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to show a relationship between drinking habits and OTC drug overdose. An understanding of the characteristics of drinking habits in those who overdose on OTC drugs can help reduce fatal health risks in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 4","pages":"e70027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicenter, single-group, open feasibility study of a new individual cognitive behavioral therapy program for adult Japanese patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Study protocol.","authors":"Naoki Takamatsu, Misuzu Nakashima, Kei Matsuura, Ikue Umemoto, Masaya Ito, Junichiro Kanazawa, Hirofumi Tomiyama, Masaki Kondo, Hisateru Tachimori, Tomohiro Nakao, Masaru Horikoshi, Hironori Kuga","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, including executive function, emotional regulation, and motivation, can persist into adulthood and are often associated with mental illnesses. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may help ADHD adults in Japan, but the lack of studies and the variability in group CBT approaches make its effects unclear. Japan lacks unified CBT programs and adult ADHD guidelines, making it difficult to implement international individual CBT recommendations due to cultural differences. This study will assess the feasibility of a novel CBT program for Japanese adult ADHD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This feasibility study will be open, nonrandomized, single-arm, multicenter study. Twelve ADHD patients aged 20-65 years who are currently receiving treatment will be included based on Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) clinical severity threshold. An intervention phase of 12-16 weeks and a 12-week follow-up will total 24-28 weeks for all participants. The intervention will use a new CBT program tailored to individual assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary objective is to determine feasibility using dropout rates, adverse events, and CAARS score changes between Weeks 1 and 16. The secondary outcomes will assess long-term effects of treatment beyond the intervention period and provide descriptive statistics on sex, depression, quality of life, and autistic scores in relation to the intervention outcomes. The full analysis set and per protocol set will be used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is essential for the development of CBT interventions in accordance with Japan's healthcare system that are tailored to the unique needs of its population.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 4","pages":"e70036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"List of Reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 4","pages":"e70035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discriminant analysis of occupational performance characteristics in patients with major depressive disorders and healthy individuals.","authors":"Tomonari Hayasaka, Izumi Nagashima, Miku Hoshino, Koji Teruya, Yasuyuki Matumoto, Masami Murao, Taku Maruki, Masako Watanabe, Takeshi Katagiri, Yayoi Imamura, Mariko Kurihara, Yuki Oe, Yoshikazu Takaesu, Takashi Tsuboi, Koichiro Watanabe, Hitoshi Sakurai","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Assessing symptoms and daily functioning in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) can be challenging, as their limited self-monitoring abilities may result in behavior observed during structured interviews not accurately reflecting their daily lives. This study aimed to determine if specific occupational behaviors could distinguish individuals with MDD from healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline data were collected from medical records and activity programs. Three occupational therapists conducted content analysis to assess occupational performance characteristics. Chi-squared tests compared the prevalence of these characteristics between patients with MDD and healthy controls. Multivariable logistic regression controlled for potential confounders, with independent variables selected based on clinical relevance and sample size (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Discriminant analysis was used to enhance group differentiation, assessing prediction rates using area under the curve (AUC) values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 69 occupational performance characteristics were identified, with 12 showing significant differences between 27 patients with MDD and 43 healthy controls. Key discriminators included \"Ask questions and consult\" (<i>p</i> < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 0.051, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.009-0.283), \"Concentrate on work\" (<i>p</i> = 0.003, OR = 0.078, 95% CI = 0.015-0.416), \"Choose simple work\" (<i>p</i> = 0.004, OR = 17.803, 95% CI = 2.446-129.597), and \"Punctual\" (<i>p</i> = 0.017, OR = 0.030, 95% CI = 0.002-0.530). Discriminant analysis using these variables yielded a Wilks' <i>λ</i> of 0.493 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), achieving an 88.6% accuracy rate. The receiver operating characteristic curve's AUC value was 0.911 (sensitivity = 95.3%, specificity = 77.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the importance of occupational performance characteristics in tailoring treatment strategies for MDD, providing insights beyond traditional assessment methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 4","pages":"e70038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11598739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online gaming reduces psychological distress in a patient with schizophrenia: A case report.","authors":"Kazutaka Sakamoto, Ryota Kobayashi, Daichi Morioka, Chihiro Abiko, Masayuki Kimura, Akihito Suzuki","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schizophrenia often involves persecutory delusions, which cause psychological distress. Some patients use online gaming as a coping tool. However, excessive online gaming has raised concerns about internet gaming disorders (IGD), while any soothing effects of online gaming on psychological distress remain unclear. Herein, we report changes in anxiety and IGD severity, measured using rating scales, in a patient with schizophrenia who used online gaming as a coping strategy for psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 43-year-old woman diagnosed with schizophrenia had worsening persecutory delusions, including that of being targeted by snipers, and had difficulty going out because of anxiety. She coped with her psychological distress using online shooting games. We assessed her state and trait anxiety, social anxiety, avoidance behavior when alone, and IGD severity. There was a notable reduction in the state anxiety score after the introduction of online gaming. The scores for trait anxiety, social anxiety, and avoidance behavior when alone decreased noticeably after the acquisition of coping strategies. This case demonstrates the presence of IGD only during the acquisition of coping strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the potential of online gaming as a coping strategy for schizophrenia-related anxiety. However, excessive gaming can lead to IGD and thus necessitates caution. Further research should explore the applicability and potential risks of using online gaming to cope with psychological distress among patients with schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence to \"A preliminary study of collaborative group intervention with recovered peer supporters for eating disorders: Analyses including comparisons between in-person and online sessions\".","authors":"Nirjal Thapa, Don D Shamilov, David F Lo","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Young carers in Japan: Reliability and validity testing of the BBC/University of Nottingham young carers survey questionnaire and prevalence estimation in 5000 adolescents\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.46.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"e70010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11381313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}