PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Japanese version of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) in adolescents.","authors":"Yoshifumi Fukuya, Kei Sakuma, Takahiro Nemoto","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is an assessment tool used worldwide to assess emotional, social, and psychological well-being. This study examined the structure, reliability, and validity of the Japanese version of the MHC-SF among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 1588 adolescents aged 15-18 years completed the assessment (54.8% female; age mean ± standard deviation = 16.3 ± 0.94 years). The factor structure of the MHC-SF was evaluated using confirmatory factor analyses. The internal consistency, concurrent validity, and measurement invariance across sex and age were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A three-factor model of the MHC-SF yielded the best fit compared with the one- and two-factor models. Internal consistency was confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha (>0.8). Measurement invariance was observed across sex and age. Convergent and divergent validity were demonstrated by assessing the relationships with other measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study established a three-factor model of the MHC-SF in Japanese adolescents. We confirmed the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the MHC-SF for assessing emotional, social, and psychological well-being in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 2","pages":"e70129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[¹⁸F]FE-PE2I PET is a diagnostic tool in dementia with Lewy bodies.","authors":"Andrea Sturchio, Jonas E Svensson, Mikael Tiger, Anton Forsberg Morén, Andrea Varrone, Per Svenningsson, Yoshiro Okubo, Amane Tateno","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. The degeneration of the dopaminergic pathway is a hallmark of DLB; for this reason, we aimed to study a recent dopamine transporter (DAT) positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand as a diagnostic tool for DLB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we used DAT-PET with the radioligand [¹⁸F]FE-PE2I to distinguish DLB subjects from healthy controls (HCs). We also aimed to analyze how DAT binding correlated with clinical features, amyloid load, measured by PET, and cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy (MIBG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Binding potential (<i>BP</i> _ND) values of [¹⁸F]FE-PE2I were higher in HCs versus DLB in striatum (1.82 ± 0.34 vs. 1.15 ± 0.34; <i>p</i> < 0.001; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.40-0.96), putamen (2.2 ± 0.36 vs. 1.41 ± 0.51; <i>p</i> < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.39-1.17), caudate (1.38 ± 0.30 vs. 0.88 ± 0.20; <i>p</i> < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.28-0.70), and substantia nigra (0.49 ± 0.091 vs. 0.42 ± 0.084; <i>p</i> = 0.0437; 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.14). After adjusting for age, substantia nigra did not differ between DLB and HCs (<i>p</i>: 0.46; 95% CI: -0.049 to 0.11); however, <i>BP</i> _ND values between DLB and HC in striatum (<i>p</i>: <0.001; 95% CI: 0.25-0.85), putamen (<i>p</i>: 0.0012; 95% CI: 0.31-1.13), and caudate (<i>p</i>: 0.0027; 95% CI: 0.13-0.55) were still significant. Striatum was the best area to correctly classify DLB subjects versus HC compared to the putamen, caudate, and substantia nigra (area under the curve = 0.95, 0.90, 0.93, and 0.73, respectively; 95 CI: 0.87-1.00, 0.79-1.00, 0.84-1.00, 0.55-0.92, respectively). Subjects with altered MIBG showed lower <i>BP</i> _ND compared to subjects with normal MIBG in the putamen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that [¹⁸F]FE-PE2I PET represents a potential diagnostic tool with high accuracy in discriminating DLB patients versus HC, which is valuable for clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 2","pages":"e70123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global psychiatrists' opinions about <i>hikikomori</i> from biopsychosocial perspectives: International case vignette survey.","authors":"Marcus P J Tan, Kohei Hayakawa, Yukako Nakagami, Victor Pereira-Sanchez, Seon Cheol Park, Yong Chon Park, Seok Woo Moon, Tae Young Choi, Yu-Tao Xiang, Kang Sim, Toru Horinouchi, Ajit Avasthi, Sandeep Grover, Roy Abraham Kallivayalil, Yugesh Rai, Mohammadreza Shalbafan, Pavita Chongsuksiri, Pichet Udomratn, Samudra T Kathriarachchi, Afzal Javed, Mian-Yoon Chong, Tan Chay-Hoon, Toshiya Inada, Toshiya Murai, Tomohiro Nakao, Shigenobu Kanba, Shih-Ku Lin, Norman Sartorius, Naotaka Shinfuku, Takahiro A Kato","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate whether psychiatrists around the world believe they might encounter cases of <i>hikikomori</i> (prolonged social isolation), and how they formulate and treat such cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A <i>hikikomori</i> case vignette was sent to psychiatrists of 34 countries around the world. Participants rated for the vignette: frequency of similar cases in one's practicing country; and aspects of formulation, diagnosis, suicide risk, and treatment plan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 344 complete responses from 34 countries were returned. Eight countries/areas had 10 or more respondents: Japan (61), South Korea (54), Nepal (48), Iran (40), Thailand (32), India (23), Hong Kong (12), and UK (10); the remainder were placed in the \"others\" group (64). Respondents from all countries except Thailand felt that similar cases were seen. Diverse patterns of response were obtained regarding formulation and treatment. Japan, South Korea, and \"others\" favored psychosocial aspects in the formulation, while Iran, Nepal, and India favored biological factors. Most respondents felt the case could be treated by an outpatient visit, while others preferred hospitalization. Psychotherapy was rated highly as an intervention; Iran, South Korea, and \"others\" also rated pharmacotherapy highly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite its limitations as an exploratory study, we found evidence that <i>hikikomori</i>-like cases might exist around the world. However, opinions on how such cases should be formulated and treated vary significantly among countries. We believe this reflects how the experience of <i>hikikomori</i> is dependent on the related sociocultural context. Further comparative work, preferably with standardized assessment tools, will help to clarify how society might influence the individual experiences of practitioner and <i>hikikomori</i> patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 2","pages":"e70120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12099068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative cultural study using the Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy Scale (PATE scale) in Japan and Malaysia.","authors":"Hiroumi Shimazaki, Takayuki Iwayama, Sayaka Kobayashi, Junichi Hatakeda, Zhi Jien Chia, Haruo Yoshimasu, Kheng Seang Lim, Izumi Kuramochi","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Epilepsy-related stigma significantly impacts quality of life, with severity noted in Asian countries. This study compared public attitudes towards epilepsy in Japan and Malaysia, two Asian nations with distinct religious and healthcare backgrounds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy (PATE) scale, including its Japanese version (PATE-J), to survey 113 Japanese and 130 Malaysian participants. Demographic data and PATE scores were compared using <i>t</i>-tests and <i>χ</i>² tests. Covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was conducted to adjust for potential confounding factors such as age and education level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found in PATE total scores (<i>P</i> = 0.484), general domain (<i>P</i> = 0.101), or personal domain (<i>P</i> = 0.217) between Japan and Malaysia. However, after adjusting for age and education using ANCOVA, education significantly influenced the general domain (<i>F</i> = 4.512, P = 0.012) and total scores (<i>F</i> = 3.302, <i>P</i> = 0.038), while country (<i>F</i> = 7.191, P = 0.008) and age (<i>F</i> = 6.633, <i>P</i> = 0.011) were significant for the personal domain. Malaysian participants were significantly younger (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and had higher education levels (<i>P</i> < 0.001) compared to Japanese participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While no significant differences in epilepsy-related stigma were observed between Japan and Malaysia, demographic variations in age, education, and regional characteristics may have masked potential cultural differences. The adjusted analysis underscores the importance of controlling for these factors to better elucidate cultural influences on epilepsy stigma formation in Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anhedonia: Current and future treatments.","authors":"Alessandro Serretti","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anhedonia is a transdiagnostic domain that leads to poor disorder outcome and low remission rates. This narrative review describes a broad range of interventions targeting anhedonia, including pharmacological, neuromodulatory, behavioral, and lifestyle-based approaches. Drugs such as vortioxetine, agomelatine, bupropion, ketamine, and brexpiprazole show promising anti-anhedonic effects, while traditional antidepressants, such as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and, even more so, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are less effective. Neuromodulation techniques, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, proved effective at improving anhedonia, particularly when used in targeted areas. Psychotherapeutic interventions, including behavioral activation, mindfulness-based strategies, and savoring techniques, also help re-engage patients with pleasurable activities and enhance positive affect. Innovative treatments, such as aticaprant and psilocybin, showed promising results. Substantial evidence suggests that improving anhedonia leads to better psychosocial functioning, quality of life, and sustained remission. Although most data come from short-term studies, several long-term analyses suggest that maintaining hedonic improvements is feasible and beneficial. The reviewed evidence underscores the importance of routine assessment of anhedonia and the integration of symptom-specific strategies. Tailoring interventions to address individual patterns of reward disruption may optimize outcomes for patients with anhedonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociological characteristics of alcohol-induced suicide attempters: A retrospective study.","authors":"Ryuichiro Narishige, Yasushi Otaka, Amane Tateno","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Although alcohol consumption is known to be a trigger for suicide, the extent to which acute alcohol consumption influences suicide attempts in Japan is unclear. We investigated the actual state and background of alcohol-induced suicide attempts, that is, suicide attempts induced by acute alcohol consumption, in patients with severe suicide attempts admitted to the emergency department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects were suicide attempters over 20 years old who were admitted to the emergency department between 2010 and 2021. The means of suicide attempt, sociodemographic data, psychiatric diagnoses, and causes and motives of suicide attempts were retrospectively examined from medical records. We compared differences in the characteristics of data obtained from males and females with and without alcohol-induced suicide attempts, and used logistic regression analysis to evaluate the influence of those factors on alcohol-induced suicide attempts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 801 suicide attempters over 20 years old during 2010 to 2021, 130 (16.2%) were alcohol-induced suicide attempters: 61 (18.9%) of 323 male suicide attempters and 69 (14.4%) of 478 female suicide attempters. Substance-induced disorders in both males and females, in addition to marital relations in males and living alone and personality disorders in females, had significant influence on alcohol-induced suicide attempts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute alcohol consumption was found to be a trigger in approximately one in six suicide attempts and alcohol-induced suicide attempts were not unique in terms of substance dependence. We believe that focusing on those factors that seemed to influence alcohol-induced suicide attempts in the present study could provide clues regarding the prevention of alcohol-induced suicide attempts.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations between clinical insomnia and psychophysiological factors in postoperative patients discharged from the ICU: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nobuo Sato, Kentaro Matsui, Masako Arakida, Rie Akaho, Katsuji Nishimura, Takeshi Nomura","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70081","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Post-intensive care unit (ICU) patients often experience physical or mental dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep disturbances and mental and physical problems in patients discharged from the ICU to hospital wards, using both subjective and objective sleep measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients admitted to the ICU for at least 72 h between November 2021 and June 2022 were included in the study. On the seventh day after ICU discharge, we conducted an objective sleep assessment using an electroencephalogram-based mobile sleep-monitoring device. Patients self-administered severity ratings for fatigue, depression, and post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms. Insomnia symptoms were assessed using the insomnia severity index (ISI) before and after ICU admission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five patients (median age 73) were included in the study. Higher ISI scores at ward were significantly correlated with higher levels of fatigue (<i>r</i> = 0.463, <i>P</i> = 0.005), depression (<i>r</i> = 0.343, <i>P</i> = 0.044), and PTS symptoms (<i>r</i> = 0.477, <i>P</i> = 0.004). Among the objective sleep measures, reduced N3 sleep (<i>r</i> = -0.480, <i>P</i> = 0.004) was significantly correlated with more severe PTS symptoms. However, no statistically significant correlations were found between objective sleep indicators and either fatigue or depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed reduction in N3 sleep and its association with PTS symptoms in this study might have reflected the physical and psychological stress experienced during intensive care. Subjective insomnia severity, which was related to fatigue, depression, and PTS symptoms in the ward, could be an important intervention target after ICU discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shin Ihda's \"manifestation model of mood disorders\" based on situation theory and twin studies.","authors":"Kohei Echizen, Susumu Ohmae","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article introduces Shin Ihda's manifestation model of mood disorders. Ihda et al. reported eight cases of monozygotic twins with discrepancies in the onset and clinical presentation of mood disorders. The reports emphasize the prevalence of cyclothymic, melancholic-type, and manic-type personalities among the twins, as well as the differences in onset, clinical presentations, and course of the disorder, despite the twins being genetically nearly identical. Applying the twin study methodology, Ihda proposed the twins' developmental histories, personalities, and situations surrounding disorder onset as factors contributing to discrepancies in the clinical presentation and course of the disorder. Based on situation theory, he proposed a manifestation model of mood disorders, comprehensively explaining the development of a depression-prone personality through growth stages, situations that lead to depression or mania, and the disorder progression process based on inherent temperament. The model assumes five possible pathways: the revelation of underlying mood instability in defenseless cyclothymic personalities; the collapse of the illusionary feeling of omnipotence in manic-type individuals; the revelation of the need for objects in clinging individuals; the collapse of the illusionary feeling of integration with an authority figure through introjection in melancholic individuals; and neurosis. Ihda's insightful depiction of the specific interactions between genetics and environment has valuable implications for research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurodevelopmental and personality traits of somatic symptom disorder: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mirai Miyoshi, Rieko Takanashi, Kayoko Taguchi, Tokiko Yoshida, Kohei Kurita, Eiji Shimizu","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is prevalent in primary healthcare settings and is often challenging to diagnose and treat. This study examined the neurodevelopmental and personality traits of individuals with probable SSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized anonymous online surveys. In this study, individuals with a score of 23 or higher on the Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) were defined as having probable SSD, and individuals with no somatic symptoms and who scored 0 were defined as the healthy control (HC) group. We compared groups regarding neurodevelopmental traits, personality traits, depression, and anxiety using self-report questionnaires and analysis of covariance. In addition, we examined the association between neurodevelopmental traits, emotional problems, and SSD in the probable SSD group using structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 491 people with probable SSD and 532 age- and sex-matched HCs were analyzed. The scores for somatic symptom severity, depression, generalized anxiety, health anxiety, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits, autism spectrum disorder traits, personality traits, and personality disorder traits showed significant differences between the probable SSD group and the HC group. In the probable SSD group, neurodevelopmental traits positively and directly affected emotional problems and SSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most neurodevelopmental and personality traits were associated with probable SSD. When approaching patients suspected of having SSD, clinicians may consider not only somatic symptoms, but also neurodevelopmental traits, personality traits, depression, and anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 12-item self-report Questionnaire for Difficulty in Social Communication as a simultaneous prescreening of autism spectrum and social anxiety.","authors":"Minami Teruya, Kazuhiro Kurihara, Takao Ishibashi, Kazuki Ota, Hotaka Shinzato, Yoshikazu Takaesu, Tsuyoshi Kondo","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Young patients with social communication difficulties are often diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), social communication disorder (SCD), or social anxiety disorder (SAD). This study aimed to develop a questionnaire, especially focusing on the prescreening of SAD complicated by ASD/SCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 12-item self-report Questionnaire for Difficulty in Social Communication (DISC-12) was developed and analyzed using exploratory factor analysis in 94 patients with ASD/SCD (35 with SAD, 59 without). An additional 17 patients with only SAD were included. Convergent validity was assessed via correlations with the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). DISC-12 scores and demographics were compared across ASD/SCD, ASD/SCD + SAD, and SAD groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of DISC-12 subscales distinguished autistic traits from social anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factor analysis revealed a three-factor model for the DISC-12, comprising nonassertiveness, poor empathy, and interpersonal hypersensitivity. DISC-12 showed significant correlations with the AQ (<i>r</i> = 0.412, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and LSAS (<i>r</i> = 0.429, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Patients with ASD/SCD had higher Poor Empathy scores, while SAD patients had higher Interpersonal Hypersensitivity scores than the other groups. ROC analysis indicated that Poor Empathy and Interpersonal Hypersensitivity subscale scores effectively differentiated ASD/SCD from patients with SAD and vice versa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DISC-12 is a rapid and effective prescreening tool for identifying both ASD and social anxiety, particularly in young patients with self-reported difficulties in social communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"e70084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}